CN105218268A - A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105218268A CN105218268A CN201510510402.0A CN201510510402A CN105218268A CN 105218268 A CN105218268 A CN 105218268A CN 201510510402 A CN201510510402 A CN 201510510402A CN 105218268 A CN105218268 A CN 105218268A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural cultivation technical field of cultivation, what be specifically related to is a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof.A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate, comprises following raw material: manioc waste 40-60 part, bacterium chaff 10-30 part, bagasse 10-30 part, fertilizer 5-15 part, filter mud 10-20 part, water-holding agent 1-5 part and vermiculite 1-5 part by weight.The cucumber surviving rate that cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is cultivated is high, growing way good; Make use of the organic solid castoff of process for processing generation as manioc waste, bacterium chaff and bagasse, not only can solve the process problem of organic solid castoff material, also environmental protection more, reduces production cost simultaneously; The preparation method of cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, suitable to be applied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural cultivation technical field of cultivation, what be specifically related to is a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Cucumber (Cucumber) is Curcurbitaceae cucumber plants, also claims cucumber, green cucumber.Fruit color is glossy dark green or emerald green, and there is soft spinule on surface.Generally cultivate all over China, now extensively plant in temperate zone and torrid areas.Cucumber happiness is warm, and not cold resistant is one of main greenhouse product.Cucumber flavor is sweet, sweet, cool in nature, bitter, nontoxic, enters spleen, stomach, large intestine; There is heat extraction, sharp water diuresis, clearing heat and detoxicating effect; Cure mainly polydipsia, swelling and pain in the throat, pinkeye, burning hot wound.Also has effect of weight reducing.
Substrate culture is a kind of mode that in soilless culture, popularizing area is maximum.It is fixed in the matrix of organic or inorganic by the root system of crop, by the method for drip irrigation or trickle irrigation, and supply crop alimentary liquid.Current countries in the world great majority adopt gravel, sand, peat, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, wood sawdust etc. as fixing matrix.It is rock wool that the many countries in Europe apply more matrix at present, it is by the diabase of 60%, 20% Wingdale and 20% coke mixing after, under the high temperature of 1600 DEG C calcining fusing, be sprayed into the fiber that diameter is 0.005 millimeter again, then cooling is pressed into plate or different shape.The advantage of rock wool to form series product (rock wool bolt, block, plate etc.), uses convenient in carrying, and repeatedly use after can carrying out disinfection.But use several years and just can not recycle afterwards, the process of waste rock wool is more difficult, in the Holland using Soilless culture area maximum, form public hazards.So Japan now some people advocates to develop organic substrate, can plough under in soil after using and make fertilizer and free from environmental pollution.
At present, domestic seedling medium production unit is mainly using vermiculite, perlite, peat and animal excrement, reed, Chinese medicine slag, mushroom slag etc. as seedling medium raw material.But peat originates in northeast, resource is tight, can not regenerate, and the enterprise in Jiangsu uses peat cost very high; The particles such as reed, Chinese medicine slag, mushroom slag are large, need grinding and processing; Although animal excrement are nutritious, there is quantity few, collect the deficiencies such as difficulty, be difficult to the needs meeting industrial seedling rearing.Although there is the report utilizing vinegar grain production matrix, its matrix is the requirement preparation according to transplanting greening seedling, is mainly applicable to surviving and growing of transplanting nursery stock, and its particle is relatively thicker, and nutritional requirement is not high yet, is not suitable for doing seedling medium; And Jiangsu University Li Ping duckweed utilizes vinegar grain to produce the technical scheme of botanical seedling culturing and cultivation matrix, because of relatively morning time proposed, some production technique are not overripened, and are mainly used as cultivation, and the special seedling medium of non-critical.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof, for improving edatope, for cultivated plant provides abundant, comprehensive nutritive element, the waste produced when simultaneously making full use of processing farm crop, as the main raw material of matrix, makes resource be fully utilized.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate, comprises following raw material: manioc waste 40-60 part, bacterium chaff 10-30 part, bagasse 10-30 part, fertilizer 5-15 part, filter mud 10-20 part, water-holding agent 1-5 part and vermiculite 1-5 part by weight.
As preferably, described cucumber seedling-raising substrate, comprises following raw material by weight: manioc waste 50 parts, bacterium chaff 20 parts, bagasse 15 parts, fertilizer 10 parts, filter mud 15 parts, water-holding agent 3 parts and vermiculite 3 parts.
As preferably, described bacterium chaff is the substratum residuum after gathering in the crops product in mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom or fungus cultivation, drying, pulverize obtained.
As preferably, described fertilizer is selected from least one in hog manure, rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake and tea seed cake.
As preferably, described water-holding agent is selected from least one in polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymer and polyacrylic acid potassium.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned cucumber seedling-raising substrate, comprise the following steps:
(1) first take manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud by weight, be crushed to 10-60 order, after mixing, add water and aerobic fermentation bacterium, it is 30-35 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 60-90 days that buttress piles up temperature, obtains mixed fermentation thing;
(2) mixed fermentation thing obtained in step (1) being dried to water content at temperature is 50-55 DEG C is 5-10%, obtains biological base;
(3) bacterium chaff, biological base, fertilizer, water-holding agent and vermiculite are mixed, stir, namely obtain described cucumber seedling-raising substrate.
As preferably, the amount adding water described in step (1) is the 0.5-1% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass.
As preferably, ferment described in step (1) and 1 time need be stirred every 2-3 days.
As preferably, the aerobic fermentation bacterium described in step (1) is EM zymophyte, and its add-on is the 0.05-0.1% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention first ferments for some time with manioc waste and bagasse, fertilizer, filter mud and aerobic fermentation bacterium, mix with bacterium chaff again and carry out ageing, the better fermentation of manioc waste and fertilizer is conducive to after adding bagasse, cucumber seedling-raising substrate is mixed to get with vermiculite after ageing, in matrix, add manioc waste makes matrix breathe freely, be conducive to the growth of cucumber, the sapling surviving rate of cultivating with cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is high, growing way good.
(2) cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention uses manioc waste, bacterium chaff and bagasse are the organic solid castoffs that process for processing produces, and not only solve the process problem of organic solid castoff material, also environmental protection more, reduces production cost simultaneously.
(3) preparation technology of cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, is suitable for applying.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention referring to embodiment, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word, scope is not limited by embodiments of the present invention.
embodiment1:
Take following raw materials according by weight: manioc waste 40kg, bacterium chaff 10kg, bagasse 10kg, hog manure 5kg, filter mud 10kg, polyacrylamide 1kg and vermiculite 1kg.
Its preparation method is:
(1) first take manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud by weight, be crushed to 10 orders, after mixing, add water and aerobic fermentation bacterium, it is 30 DEG C of condition bottom fermentations 60 days that buttress piles up temperature, obtains mixed fermentation thing; The described amount adding water is 0.5% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass; Described fermentation need stir 1 time every 2 days; Described aerobic fermentation bacterium is EM zymophyte, and its add-on is 0.05% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass;
(2) mixed fermentation thing obtained in step (1) being dried to water content at temperature is 50 DEG C is 5%, obtains biological base;
(3) bacterium chaff, biological base, fertilizer, water-holding agent and vermiculite are mixed, stir, namely obtain described cucumber seedling-raising substrate.
embodiment2:
Take following raw materials according by weight: manioc waste 60kg, bacterium chaff 30kg, bagasse 30kg, rapeseed cake fertilizer 15kg, filter mud 20kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 5kg and vermiculite 5kg.
Its preparation method is:
(1) first take manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud by weight, be crushed to 60 orders, after mixing, add water and aerobic fermentation bacterium, it is 35 DEG C of condition bottom fermentations 90 days that buttress piles up temperature, obtains mixed fermentation thing; The described amount adding water is 1% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass; Described fermentation need stir 1 time every 3 days; Described aerobic fermentation bacterium is EM zymophyte, and its add-on is 0.1% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass;
(2) mixed fermentation thing obtained in step (1) being dried to water content at temperature is 55 DEG C is 10%, obtains biological base;
(3) bacterium chaff, biological base, fertilizer, water-holding agent and vermiculite are mixed, stir, namely obtain described cucumber seedling-raising substrate.
embodiment3:
Take following raw materials according by weight: manioc waste 50kg, bacterium chaff 20kg, bagasse 20kg, cottonseed cake 10kg, filter mud 15kg, Mierocrystalline cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymer 3kg and vermiculite 2kg.
Its preparation method is:
(1) first take manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud by weight, be crushed to 30 orders, after mixing, add water and aerobic fermentation bacterium, it is 32 DEG C of condition bottom fermentations 70 days that buttress piles up temperature, obtains mixed fermentation thing; The described amount adding water is 0.8% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass; Described fermentation need stir 1 time every 3 days; Described aerobic fermentation bacterium is EM zymophyte, and its add-on is 0.08% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass;
(2) mixed fermentation thing obtained in step (1) being dried to water content at temperature is 52 DEG C is 8%, obtains biological base;
(3) bacterium chaff, biological base, fertilizer, water-holding agent and vermiculite are mixed, stir, namely obtain described cucumber seedling-raising substrate.
embodiment4:
Take following raw materials according by weight: manioc waste 58kg, bacterium chaff 12kg, bagasse 18kg, tea seed cake 12kg, filter mud 18kg, polyacrylic acid potassium 4kg and vermiculite 4kg.
Its preparation method is:
(1) first take manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud by weight, be crushed to 20 orders, after mixing, add water and aerobic fermentation bacterium, it is 34 DEG C of condition bottom fermentations 80 days that buttress piles up temperature, obtains mixed fermentation thing; The described amount adding water is 0.7% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass; Described fermentation need stir 1 time every 2 days; Described aerobic fermentation bacterium is EM zymophyte, and its add-on is 0.06% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass;
(2) mixed fermentation thing obtained in step (1) being dried to water content at temperature is 54 DEG C is 7%, obtains biological base;
(3) bacterium chaff, biological base, fertilizer, water-holding agent and vermiculite are mixed, stir, namely obtain described cucumber seedling-raising substrate.
embodiment5:
Take following raw materials according by weight: manioc waste 50kg, bacterium chaff 25kg, bagasse 25kg, tea seed cake 10kg, filter mud 18kg, carboxymethyl cellulose 2kg and vermiculite 3kg.
Its preparation method is:
(1) first take manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud by weight, be crushed to 10 orders, after mixing, add water and aerobic fermentation bacterium, it is 35 DEG C of condition bottom fermentations 65 days that buttress piles up temperature, obtains mixed fermentation thing; The described amount adding water is 0.5% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass; Described fermentation need stir 1 time every 2 days; Described aerobic fermentation bacterium is EM zymophyte, and its add-on is 0.05% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass;
(2) mixed fermentation thing obtained in step (1) being dried to water content at temperature is 52 DEG C is 8%, obtains biological base;
(3) bacterium chaff, biological base, fertilizer, water-holding agent and vermiculite are mixed, stir, namely obtain described cucumber seedling-raising substrate.
embodiment6: seedling medium performance measurement
Matrix numbering prepared by embodiment 1-5 is respectively matrix 1, matrix 2, matrix 3, matrix 4 and matrix 5, and conventional seedbed system matrix is the special seedling medium of cucumber that Jinan Feng Yuan Science and Technology Ltd. produces.By the organic content in test determination 5 kinds of cucumber seedling-raising substrates and conventional seedbed system matrix and saturation moisture capacity, and the cucumber seedling surviving rate adopting several seedling medium to cultivate is measured, and (only seedling medium is different to arrange controlled trial, other cultivation condition is identical), refer to table 1.
The performance measurement of table 1 seedling medium of the present invention
As shown in Table 1, the organic content of cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention, saturation moisture capacity are all higher than conventional substrate.And the surviving rate of the cucumber seedling using cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention to cultivate is far above conventional substrate.
The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.
Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. a cucumber seedling-raising substrate, is characterized in that, comprises following raw material by weight: manioc waste 40-60 part, bacterium chaff 10-30 part, bagasse 10-30 part, fertilizer 5-15 part, filter mud 10-20 part, water-holding agent 1-5 part and vermiculite 1-5 part.
2. cucumber seedling-raising substrate according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises following raw material by weight: manioc waste 50 parts, bacterium chaff 20 parts, bagasse 15 parts, fertilizer 10 parts, filter mud 15 parts, water-holding agent 3 parts and vermiculite 3 parts.
3. cucumber seedling-raising substrate according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described bacterium chaff is the substratum residuum after gathering in the crops product in mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom or fungus cultivation, and drying, pulverizing obtain.
4. cucumber seedling-raising substrate according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is selected from least one in hog manure, rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake and tea seed cake.
5. cucumber seedling-raising substrate according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described water-holding agent is selected from least one in polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymer and polyacrylic acid potassium.
6. a preparation method for cucumber seedling-raising substrate as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) first take manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud by weight, be crushed to 10-60 order, after mixing, add water and aerobic fermentation bacterium, it is 30-35 DEG C of condition bottom fermentation 60-90 days that buttress piles up temperature, obtains mixed fermentation thing;
(2) mixed fermentation thing obtained in step (1) being dried to water content at temperature is 50-55 DEG C is 5-10%, obtains biological base;
(3) bacterium chaff, biological base, fertilizer, water-holding agent and vermiculite are mixed, stir, namely obtain described cucumber seedling-raising substrate.
7. the preparation method of cucumber seedling-raising substrate according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the amount adding water described in step (1) is the 0.5-1% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass.
8. the preparation method of cucumber seedling-raising substrate according to claim 3, is characterized in that, fermentation described in step (1) need stir 1 time every 2-3 days.
9. the preparation method of cucumber seedling-raising substrate according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the aerobic fermentation bacterium described in step (1) is EM zymophyte, and its add-on is the 0.05-0.1% of manioc waste, bagasse and filter mud total mass.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105693388A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 韦永梁 | Watermelon seedling cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106342666A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-25 | 安庆市宝风农业发展有限公司 | Seedling culture medium for Sinojackia xylocarpa Hu and preparation method thereof |
| CN106588380A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-04-26 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | Angelica dahurica seedling transplanting substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107079735A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of cucumber seedling-raising nutrient matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721659A (en) * | 2017-11-26 | 2018-02-23 | 来安县杭姑娘生态农业有限公司 | A kind of balanced tomato soilless culture substrate of nutrition |
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| CN103724122A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-16 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Fabrication method of soilless culture matrix for vegetables |
| CN104025985A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-10 | 阳东绿康春农业科技有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2015-08-19 CN CN201510510402.0A patent/CN105218268A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103086755A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-05-08 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Melon/vegetable seedling raising organic compound substrate prepared from vinasse and production method thereof |
| CN103724122A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-16 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Fabrication method of soilless culture matrix for vegetables |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105693388A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 韦永梁 | Watermelon seedling cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106342666A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-25 | 安庆市宝风农业发展有限公司 | Seedling culture medium for Sinojackia xylocarpa Hu and preparation method thereof |
| CN106588380A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-04-26 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | Angelica dahurica seedling transplanting substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107079735A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of cucumber seedling-raising nutrient matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721659A (en) * | 2017-11-26 | 2018-02-23 | 来安县杭姑娘生态农业有限公司 | A kind of balanced tomato soilless culture substrate of nutrition |
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