CN105210950A - The artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon - Google Patents
The artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon Download PDFInfo
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- CN105210950A CN105210950A CN201510702051.3A CN201510702051A CN105210950A CN 105210950 A CN105210950 A CN 105210950A CN 201510702051 A CN201510702051 A CN 201510702051A CN 105210950 A CN105210950 A CN 105210950A
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- 241000881711 Acipenser sturio Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 14
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- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000252335 Acipenser Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001553 Betula platyphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001313086 Betula platyphylla Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000556189 Huso Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 241000162143 Acipenser schrenckii Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000579895 Chlorostilbon Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251556 Chordata Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021294 Docosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015177 dried meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052876 emerald Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010976 emerald Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 201000002266 mite infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 210000001325 yolk sac Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
An artificial culturing method for sturgeon, belongs to propagating artificially of fish, comprises the following steps: the selection of A, parent population and proportioning; When B, parent population 3-6 age, temperature environment controls; C, to hasten parturition; D, adopt ovum and fertilization; E, unsticking; F, hatching.The present invention adopts the early intervention of parent population to cultivate, reduce parent population individuality difference, meanwhile, the temperature in the 3 to the 6 year controls, and ensures that parent population property glandular development is complete, fish-egg quality is high, under equivalent technology condition, fertilization rate through the Gunther parent fish spawning of above-mentioned cultivation brings up to more than 95%, and when parent population is intervened in advance, directly hatching success is risen to more than 99% from 95% of prior art, breeding method disclosed in this invention is simple and easy to realize, and has higher marketing and using value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to propagating artificially of fish, be specifically related to the artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon.
Background technology
Sturgeon (Sturgeon), Gu Cheng Xun fish, belongs to Chordata animal.The long 0.5-7 rice of body, be that the bodily form is large in existing fish, the life-span long in the world, the most ancient a kind of fish, the history of existing more than 200,000,000 year, originates from the period Cretaceous period before 1 years so far, have the title of " in water panda " and " in water living fossil ", is existing ancient biotic population.
Sturgeon can be used as pet fish with its peculiar bodily form and raises, and the head of sturgeon is plow-shape, and mouth is the next, and the askew shape of tail, body carries on the back 5 row hone lamellas.Its juvenile fish and the equal tool ornamental value of adult fish, wherein Amur Sturgeon (being distributed in Heilungkiang) is after artificial propagation success, and its juvenile fish is formal carries out artificial feeding as pet fish.Most common individuality of planting all at tens kilograms to hundreds of kilograms, maximum individual 1600 kilograms of European huso sturgeon, maximum individual 600 kilograms of China mandarin sturgeon.
In addition, the sturgeon propagated artificially meeting national permissive condition with the meat of its deliciousness like by consumers in general.Sturgeon is the fabulous large-scale economic fish of edibility.Whole body is other parts (containing bone) all edibles except body surface hone lamella, and high nutritive value, is listed in high tonic.
Sturgeons is exactly early the food that ancients like.As land pearl not exactly round in shape " Book of Songs. Wei Feng. large people " dredge: " (huso sturgeon and sturgeon) large over thousands of jin of person, can steam for Meat-broth, can explode again, roe can be sauce." " Compendium of Materia Medica. sturgeon " cloud: " " its fat is alternate with sarcocyte layer, yellowish pink in vain, fat look yellow is as wax.Its spine and nose, and fin and the gill, all crisp soft edible.Its tripe and young salt are hidden also good.Its fish glue also can make glue.Its meat bone boils processs and does fried all U.S.s." caviar that enjoys high reputation in the world is now state banquet treasure America and Europe, have the title of " emerald ".Sturgeon smoked meat, fresh meat, fish glue etc. sell well, and supply falls short of demand.Enjoy great prestige already on both sides of the Changjiang River in Ancient Times in China.
Sturgeons has done medicinal in ancient times." Compendium of Materia Medica. sturgeon " quote from old Chen Cangqi language cloud: " its liver cures mainly and dislikes sore mange, does not process food with salt ", under " sturgeon " bar, quote from cloud again: " its meat is mended and considered beneficial gas, improves the health, and liquor is drunk, and controls blood and drenches; Its polyp is made dried meat and is mended the lower gas of worry; Its seed is as red bean, and the fitness of food, kills small worm in abdomen." detecting according to Chinese Academy of Sciences ocean: muscle contains more than ten kind of human body essential amino acid; fat, containing " DHA " and " EPA " (also known as docosapentaenoic acid) of 12.5%, to softening cardiovascular and cerebrovascular, promotes brain development; improve IQ, and prevention senile dementia has good effect; Cartilage and marrow (being commonly called as " rail ") have anticancer factor, can completely directly eat, and have saying of " shark fin, sturgeon bone ".
Because sturgeon is rare, parent population grows up slowly, the ripe parent population that can ovulate at least needs more than 6 years, the cultivation of parent population is more difficult, if and the cultivation of parent population is unsuccessful, then not only cause larger economic loss, also waste a large amount of time, in prior art, the artificial culture of sturgeon is cultivated mainly with pond, cages in reservoir formula, although the artificial culture time is longer, but still there will be following problems: the gonad development of parent population is abnormal: being embodied in the parent population age has entered breeding period and individuality meets the requirements very greatly, but sexual gland is very little, does not have maturation.Also have another problem to be that parent population can normal spawning, but after fertilization arrest of development in hatching process fish-egg that is dead or that hatch is baffled explosive dead in yolk sac absorption process.Applicant finds through a large amount of experimental studies, other conditions on an equal basis, but when different water temperature, the problems referred to above order of severity of the above-mentioned artificial culture of sturgeon differs.
Summary of the invention
For solving in prior art, the technical problem that the gonad development of sturgeon is abnormal and baffled burst is dead, the invention provides a kind of growth natural rate of interest that can improve sturgeon parent population, and can significantly improve the artificial culturing method of sturgeon hatching survival rate.
An artificial culturing method for sturgeon, comprises the following steps:
The selection of A, parent population and proportioning: femalely choose 2-3 age parent population; Malely choose 3-4 age parent population; Female male parent population all chooses abdomen and the roomy strong person of tail fin; Quantitative proportion is that 2 to 3 female parent populations join 1 male parent population;
When B, parent population 3-6 age, temperature environment controls, parent population choose after 9 to 12 parent populations be placed in same pond altogether and cultivate, the cultivation temperature of Artificial Control the 3 to 6 year Various Seasonal, season in summer in winter two, minimum and maximum temperature controlled at 9-11 DEG C, 18-20 DEG C respectively;
C, to hasten parturition; After parent population maturation, point pond; Inject injection of hastening parturition 2-4 time for female point;
D, adopt ovum and fertilization; Extrusion gathers milter sperm respectively; Method of cutting open the belly gathers ovum; Different milter sperms is placed in 14-16 DEG C of aseptic dilution with water and stirs, semi-dry process artificial insemination;
E, unsticking; Talcum powder solution unsticking;
F, hatching; Flowing water fertilized fish roe being placed in 18-22 DEG C is hatched.
For making more convenient being easy to of the method disclosed in the present realize, now further illustrate as follows:
In steps A, under the condition of same ratio, the highest with batch fertilization rate cultivated to 3 male parent populations with the female parent population of 6-9 bar.The ratio experiment be through repeatedly of male parent population and the female parent population of 6-9 bar draws.When experiment is designed to the female of equal proportion and male parent population respectively, article 1, the fertilized egg of the fertilized egg mixing of male parent population, the fertilized egg mixing of 2 male parent populations, the fertilized egg of 3 male parent populations, 4 male parent populations mixes, be applied in step D respectively and fish-egg is fertilized, test 5 times are amounted in often kind of situation, under all kinds of square one, 5 result of the tests get rid of peak and the minimum of fertilization ratio respectively, then 1,2,3,4, under bar male parent population seminal fluid admixture, average fertilization rate is respectively 85%, 92%, 99%, 80%.
The parent fish rearing temperature control in the 3 to 6 year in step B can significantly improve the gonad development of parent population and the egg laying amount of female parent population is obviously increased, about in same batch of test of egg laying amount, design 4 groups of parent populations altogether, be 8 female parent populations, 3 male parent populations, Lake Baihua spring source, first group of Guiyang City, Guizhou, natural temperature (the cultivation temperature difference in summer in winter is less, and temperature range is essentially 12-16 DEG C): lay eggs 700,000 altogether; Second group adopts Guizhou Lake Baihua lake water, natural temperature (the cultivation temperature difference in summer in winter is slightly large, is essentially 11-18 DEG C): lay eggs 790,000 altogether; 3rd group adopts Guizhou all sorts of flowers lake water, manual intervention temperature, and temperature range is 16-20 DEG C: lay eggs altogether: 480,000; 3rd group adopts Guizhou all sorts of flowers lake water, and manual intervention temperature, temperature range is 9-20 DEG C: lay eggs altogether: 1,100,000.And the quantity of laying eggs of the sturgeon having data to look into normally is about 9-12 ten thousand/bar.By Artificial Control temperature, then the quantity of laying eggs of sturgeon obviously rises.
Incubation step in step F of the present invention, hatch in described flowing water, egg apparatus assisted hatching is dialled in the many employings of prior art, but dial egg apparatus and cause breaking of fish-egg sometimes, for ensureing carrying out smoothly of hatching, the further technical scheme of the present invention is, fertilized egg is placed in the middle of screened hour, then, impose rightabout agitation force respectively to the lateral surface in the subtend face of screen cloth, timing realizes the stirring to fish-egg simultaneously.
LRH-A selected by injection of hastening parturition described in step C, every bar female sturgeon injection accumulated dose be 50 micrograms/kilogram ratio, inject 10% of accumulated dose first, milter dosage is 60% of female parent population dosage.
Research finds, getting first of milter is smart active in the follow-up spermatozoon activity obtained; The device for testing ovulation date of female parent population is not determine, so when many male, getting in feritilization of ovum process each time, have a male sturgeon to be get essence first, then the success rate of being fertilized can further improve.
The sturgeon cultivation in Guizhou has the advantage of its uniqueness, because its weather is cool in summer and warm in winter, and cultivate the mountain spring water that sturgeon uses, then its content of mineral substances is all higher than the water source in other areas, its water temperature is between 12-16 DEG C, then comparatively be applicable to the cultivation of cold water fish, the meat of the sturgeon cultivated is more careful, closely, fresh and tender, four times, hundred people/time test taste when, same processing method, to the sturgeon of Guangdong artificial culture, the sturgeon of Zhejiang artificial culture, the sturgeon of Beijing artificial culture carries out without after the trial test identified, statistics draws, the sturgeon mouthfeel mouth in Guizhou is with 77% poll, become mouthfeel, the champion of taste.
Guizhou, by but in the cultivating process of parent population, must control with temperature, further can obtain higher lay eggs quantity and fertilization rate.
The present invention adopts the early intervention of parent population to cultivate, reduce parent population individuality difference, meanwhile, the temperature in the 3 to the 6 year controls, and ensures that parent population property glandular development is complete, fish-egg quality is high, under equivalent technology condition, fertilization rate through the Gunther parent fish spawning of above-mentioned cultivation brings up to more than 95%, and when parent population is intervened in advance, directly hatching success is risen to more than 99% from 95% of prior art, breeding method disclosed in this invention is simple and easy to realize, and has higher marketing and using value.
Claims (6)
1. an artificial culturing method for sturgeon, comprises the following steps:
The selection of A, parent population and proportioning: femalely choose 2-3 age parent population; Malely choose 3-4 age parent population; Female male parent population all chooses abdomen and the roomy strong person of tail fin; Quantitative proportion is that 2 to 3 female parent populations join 1 male parent population;
When B, parent population 3-6 age, temperature environment controls, parent population choose after 9 to 12 parent populations be placed in same pond altogether and cultivate, the cultivation temperature of Artificial Control the 3 to 6 year Various Seasonal, season in summer in winter two, minimum and maximum temperature controlled at 9-11 DEG C, 18-20 DEG C respectively;
C, to hasten parturition; After parent population maturation, point pond; Inject injection of hastening parturition 2-4 time for female point;
D, adopt ovum and fertilization; Extrusion gathers milter sperm respectively; Method of cutting open the belly gathers ovum; Different milter sperms is placed in 14-16 DEG C of aseptic dilution with water and stirs, semi-dry process artificial insemination;
E, unsticking; Talcum powder solution unsticking;
F, hatching; Flowing water fertilized fish roe being placed in 18-22 DEG C is hatched.
2. the artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in steps A, under the condition of same ratio, the highest with batch fertilization rate cultivated to 3 male parent populations with the female parent population of 6-9 bar.
3. the artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the parent fish rearing temperature in the 3 to 6 year in step B controls the gonad development of raising parent population and makes the egg laying amount of female parent population obviously increase liter.
4. the artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fertilized egg be placed in the middle of screened hour, then, imposes rightabout agitation force respectively to the lateral surface in the subtend face of screen cloth simultaneously, and timing realizes the stirring to fish-egg.
5. the artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon according to the arbitrary claim of claim 1,2 or 4, it is characterized in that: LRH-A selected by the injection of hastening parturition described in step C, every bar female sturgeon injection accumulated dose be 50 micrograms/kilogram ratio, inject 10% of accumulated dose first, milter dosage is 60% of female parent population dosage.
6. the artificial culturing method of a kind of sturgeon according to claim 5, is characterized in that: getting in feritilization of ovum process each time, and have a male sturgeon to be get essence first, then the success rate of being fertilized can further improve.
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| CN201510702051.3A CN105210950B (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | A kind of artificial culturing method of sturgeon |
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| CN201510702051.3A CN105210950B (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | A kind of artificial culturing method of sturgeon |
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| CN105210950A true CN105210950A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| CN105210950B CN105210950B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107624684A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 临汾市尧都区云盛水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of female sturgeon ovum artificial collection method |
| CN108541632A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-18 | 贵州龙源冷水渔业有限公司 | A kind of sturgeon mating system |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN107624684A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 临汾市尧都区云盛水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of female sturgeon ovum artificial collection method |
| CN108541632A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-18 | 贵州龙源冷水渔业有限公司 | A kind of sturgeon mating system |
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| CN105210950B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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