CN105191648A - Tomato seedling cultivating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tomato seedling cultivating method. The method includes the following steps of A, adding 100 g of humus, 200 g of calcium hydrophosphate, 100 g of potassium nitrate, 80 g of sulphur powder and 100 g of rock flour to each cubic meter of mixture including 6 kg of plaster, 4 kg of biogas residues and 1 kg of decay sheep excrement, mixing the components together one month before sowing to be accumulated for standby application, and obtaining a substrate; B, cultivating seedlings, wherein the substrate is put in holes in a seedling tray at the 3/4 positions of the holes, tomato seeds are put in the holes after the substrate is compacted, and water is sprayed after the substrate covers the seeds to be flushed with the upper surfaces of the holes; C, controlling the seedling cultivating temperature at 13-18 DEG C, putting the seedlings in the place with the best sunshine in a solar greenhouse after the seedlings emerge, applying fertilizer for the first time after two main leaves emerge, transplanting the seedlings 20 days after sowing, and applying fertilizer again after transplanting. The method is simple, and the time from planting to harvesting can be effectively shortened; compared with a conventional greenhouse planting method, the time from planting to harvesting can be shortened by 10-13 days. Planters can easily seize the market as soon as possible.

Description

A kind of tomato seedling-cultivating method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to growing vegetables technical field, particularly relate to a kind of tomato seedling-cultivating method.

Background technology:

Tomato, i.e. tomato are Solanaceae herbaceous plant, comprise determinate growth, half determinate growth and one dimensional infinite wall.Can perennation when condition is suitable for.High 0.7 ~ the 2m of plant.Complete stool is by cement glandular hairs.Stem is half orthostatic or half climing property, easily lodges, and high 0.7 ~ 1.0m or 1.0 ~ 1.3m is not etc.The branch ability of stem is strong, and easy raw adventive root on stipes, stem easily lodges, and contacts to earth, and takes root, so tomato cottage propagation more easily survives.Imparipinnate leaf or pinniform drastic crack, alternate; Long 5 ~ the 40cm of leaf; Leaflet irregular, differs in size, normal 5 ~ 9 pieces, avette or Long Circle, long 5 ~ 7cm, and front end is gradually sharp, and there are irregular sawtooth or sliver in edge, and local is crooked, has stalklet.Flower is hermaphrodite flower, yellow, self-pollination, compound raceme.Fruit is berry, berry oblate spheroid shape or closely spherical, meat and succulence, and crocus or cerise are smooth.Seed is flat, kidney shape, lark, thousand kernel weight 3.0 ~ 3.3g, 3 ~ 4 years life-spans.Flower, fruit summer phase, autumn.Well developed root system, regeneration capacity is strong, but most the distribution of root system is in the soil layer of 30 ~ 50cm.

Tomato is herbaceos perennial in the torrid zone, has white area then as raw cultivation in 1 year in temperate zone, and its growth and development process has certain stage and periodically, is broadly divided into germination period, Seedling Stage, flowering stage period different with fruiting period 4.Tomato germination period: occur (the broken heart) from being seeded into rough leaf.This period is 7 ~ 9 days under normal temperature conditions; Sprout to cotyledon expansion from Seed imbibes, true leaf appears, and is germination period.At a normal temperature, 10 ~ 14 days are generally needed from being seeded into when true leaf breaks the heart.As temperature is too low, just emerge slowly.Seed from germinate to cotyledon launch belong to heterotrophic growth process, its growth needed for nutrient supplied by seed itself, namely enter Seedling Stage by germination period; Seedling Stage: refer to that occuring to the first inflorescence from rough leaf buddings.It is 25 ~ 28 DEG C that this phase is suitable for daytime temperature, and night, temperature was 13 ~ 17 DEG C.This phase ground temperature has larger impact to seedling fertility, and suitable ground temperature should remain on 22 ~ 23 DEG C; Begin to spend the setting phase to refer to from the first inflorescence to budding to setting.This stage is tomato from being mainly be transitioned into reproductive growth and nourish and grow the transitional period of developing on an equal basis to nourish and grow, and is directly connected to formation and the output of product organ; Flowering stage: sit as flowering stage from existing bud to the 1st inflorescence fruit, the time about needs 15 ~ 30 days.The plant in this period is except proceeding the differentiation of bud and leaf bud with except growth, and nourish and grow also very vigorous, showing as plant height in appearance increases, and blade is constantly grown up.Therefore, the relation of nourishing and growing with reproductive growth to be regulated in this stage, should make to nourish and grow fully, blade is plump, stem stalk is sturdy, well established and vigorously developing, avoids excessive growth again, prevents fallen flowers and late blooming result.Fruiting period: fruit to end (uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested) of gathering from the first inflorescence.This in period fruit, seedling grows simultaneously, resolving the contradiction of nourishing and growing with reproductive growth, is the crucial important business in this period.

For tomato, how fast seedling growing, allows tomato yield positive results fast, shortening from planting to the process of having a good harvest, can be conducive to the increasing both production and income at greenhouse gardening family.Therefore, it is simple that the present invention aims to provide a kind of method, effectively can shorten the tomato seedling-cultivating method of plantation to the time of good harvest.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming existed in prior art, provide a kind of method simple, effectively can shorten the tomato seedling-cultivating method of plantation to the time of good harvest.

To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of tomato seedling-cultivating method, wherein, comprise the steps:

A, the plaster of paris 6 kilograms, natural pond slag 4 kilograms, decay sheep excrement 1 kilogram, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, humus again, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 200 grams, 100 grams, potassium nitrate, Cosan 80 grams, and stone flour 100 grams is sowed and said components is mixed by the previous moon, piles up for subsequent use; Obtain matrix

B, nursery: above-mentioned matrix be placed in the hole in seedling-cultivating tray, load 3/4 place in each hole, put into tamato seed in compacting metapore, above after covering matrix is extremely concordant with the upper surface in hole, and spray water;

C, control nursery temperature, between 13-18 degree Celsius, are emerged and are placed on the best place of greenhouse by solar heat Yanguan Pass, after going out two panels true leaf, carry out first time fertilising, within after planting 20 days, start to transplant, again apply fertilizer after transplanting.

Tomato seedling is afraid of drying most, slightly large than cucumber and tomato of the ratio of the plaster of paris in the compost of seedbed, the i.e. plaster of paris 6 kilograms, natural pond slag 4 kilograms, decay sheep excrement 1 kilogram, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, humus again, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 200 grams, 100 grams, potassium nitrate, Cosan 80 grams, stone flour 100 grams, and should a mixed accumulation in month prior to seeding.End water before sowing also should be larger than tomato.Some place Seeding boxs are sowed, and can be placed on going up warmly of nearly quirk, and greenhouse by solar heat also will in the best location of Thermo-Photo sensitive, and favourable tomato is to the demand of high temperature.The place of seedling at twice, first time can carry out after two panels true leaf launches, and is roughly at after planting about 25 days, seeding row spacing 10 cm x 10 centimetres.At this moment just before first flower differentiation.Second time point seedling should after first time point seedling 20 ~ 25 days, and seedling carries out after growing 4 true leaves.Current point seedling, the field planting of plan booth, one all can divide seedling to booth from greenhouse, so the exercise of rice shoot seems even more important, transplant and will start large ventilation the last week, particularly nocturnal temperature is lowered, maintain 13 ~ 15 DEG C, and should act in agreement, promptly carry out, do not make seedling freezing when outdoor, preferably to warm up time-division seedling at fine day.Cover Small plastic shed after moving people's booth, will add a cover straw mat in the evening, and enclose lid surrounding, within 5 ~ 6 days, can delay seedling at once.If desired carry out third time point seedling, within 25 days, can carry out after second time point seedling, have additional nutrients area further.Crops ' field planting is all the seedlings of 10 ~ 12 true leaves, and the management in seedling stage is most important, and in order to be bred as desirable young plant, seedling bed temperature can lower gradually, and can be down to 23 ~ 25 DEG C from 28 ~ 30 DEG C, night can drop to 13 ~ 14 DEG C gradually.Nocturnal temperature is very large to the qualitative effects of flower, and too high nocturnal temperature often makes flower qualitative change bad, and fallen flowers increase, and short style flower increases.And the joint position of flower can be made to improve.If flower was open in seedbed in after planting 90 days first, flower should be stained with 2,4-D in time, and bottom side shoot is all removed.Prevent the way of fallen flowers and formation stone eggplant, mainly ensure illumination, supply nutrition, avoids temperature fluctuated, notices that soil conservation is moistening.As for the sowing time, 90 ~ 100 days can be calculated forward by local booth setting date.Kind is all generally adopt local high and stable yields kind, also can refer to the Fruit variety of greenhouse by solar heat.

Advantage of the present invention is: method is simple, effectively can shorten the time of plantation to good harvest, more conventional greenhouse gardening method, plants the harvest date can differ from out 10-13 days.Be beneficial to plantation family and seize market as early as possible.

Embodiment:

Tomato seedling-cultivating method, wherein, comprises the steps:

A, the plaster of paris 6 kilograms, natural pond slag 4 kilograms, decay sheep excrement 1 kilogram, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, humus again, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 200 grams, 100 grams, potassium nitrate, Cosan 80 grams, and stone flour 100 grams is sowed and said components is mixed by the previous moon, piles up for subsequent use; Obtain matrix

B, nursery: above-mentioned matrix be placed in the hole in seedling-cultivating tray, load 3/4 place in each hole, put into tamato seed in compacting metapore, above after covering matrix is extremely concordant with the upper surface in hole, and spray water;

C, control nursery temperature, between 13-18 degree Celsius, are emerged and are placed on the best place of greenhouse by solar heat Yanguan Pass, after going out two panels true leaf, carry out first time fertilising, within after planting 20 days, start to transplant, again apply fertilizer after transplanting.

Advantage of the present invention is: method is simple, effectively can shorten the time of plantation to good harvest, more conventional greenhouse gardening method, plants the harvest date can differ from out 10-13 days.Be beneficial to plantation family and seize market as early as possible.

Claims (1)

1. a tomato seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

A, the plaster of paris 6 kilograms, natural pond slag 4 kilograms, decay sheep excrement 1 kilogram, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, humus again, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 200 grams, 100 grams, potassium nitrate, Cosan 80 grams, and stone flour 100 grams is sowed and said components is mixed by the previous moon, piles up for subsequent use; Obtain matrix

B, nursery: above-mentioned matrix be placed in the hole in seedling-cultivating tray, load 3/4 place in each hole, put into tamato seed in compacting metapore, above after covering matrix is extremely concordant with the upper surface in hole, and spray water;

C, control nursery temperature, between 13-18 degree Celsius, are emerged and are placed on the best place of greenhouse by solar heat Yanguan Pass, after going out two panels true leaf, carry out first time fertilising, within after planting 20 days, start to transplant, again apply fertilizer after transplanting.