CN103688734A - Rapid seedling culture method for tomatoes planted in greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid seedling culture method for tomatoes planted in a greenhouse. The rapid seedling culture method includes the steps: A, adding 6 kilograms of bentonite, 4 kilograms of compost and 1 kilogram of decomposed cow dung, further adding 100 grams of nitrogenous fertilizers, 200 grams of phosphate rock powder, 100 grams of meat powder, 80 grams of seaweed powder and 100 grams of ginger powder per cubic meter, mixing the components together one month before seeding, and stacking the components for standby application to obtain substrates; B, culturing seedlings: placing the substrates into 3/4 positions of holes in a nursery site, placing tomato seeds into the holes after compacting, and spraying water after covering the substrates on the tomato seeds to be parallel and level to the upper surfaces of the holes; C, controlling seedling culture temperature to range from 13 DEG C to 18 DEG C, placing the seedlings in a place with the best sunshine of a sunlight greenhouse after seedling emergence, applying fertilizers for the first time after two true leaves emerge, starting transplantation 20 days after seeding, and applying fertilizers again after transplantation. The method is simple, time from planting to harvesting can be effectively shortened by 10-13 days as compared with that of a conventional greenhouse planting method, and growers can take over the market as soon as possible.

Description

A kind of fast seedling-cultivating method of greenhouse gardening tomato

 

Technical field:

The present invention relates to growing vegetables technical field, relate in particular to a kind of fast seedling-cultivating method of greenhouse gardening tomato.

 

Background technology:

Tomato, tomato, is Solanaceae herbaceous plant, comprises determinate growth, half determinate growth and indeterminate growth type.Can perennation when condition is suitable.High 0.7～the 2m of plant.Complete stool is by cement glandular hairs.Stem is half orthostatic or half climing property, easily lodging, and high 0.7～1.0m or 1.0～1.3m are not etc.The branch ability of stem is strong, easily raw adventive root on stipes, and stem easily lodges, and contacts to earth and takes root, so tomato cottage propagation more easily survives.Imparipinnate leaf or pinniform drastic crack, alternate; Long 5～the 40cm of leaf; Leaflet irregular, differs in size, and normal 5～9 pieces, avette or Long Circle, long 5～7cm, front end is point gradually, and there are irregular sawtooth or sliver in edge, local crooked, has stalklet.Flower is hermaphrodite flower, yellow, self-pollination, compound raceme.Fruit is berry, berry oblate spheroid shape or closely spherical, and meat and succulence, crocus or cerise, smooth.Seed is flat, kidney shape, lark, thousand kernel weight 3.0～3.3g, 3～4 years life-spans.Flower, fruit summer phase, autumn.Well developed root system, regeneration capacity is strong, but most the distribution of root system is in the soil layer of 30～50cm.

Tomato is herbaceos perennial in the torrid zone, has white area as raw cultivation in 1 year in temperate zone, and its growth and development process has certain interim and periodically, is broadly divided into germination period, Seedling Stage, flowering stage and 4 different periods of fruiting period.Tomato germination period: occur (the broken heart) from being seeded into rough leaf.Under normal temperature conditions, be 7～9 days this period; From seed water suction sprout to cotyledon launch, true leaf appears, and is germination period.Under normal temperature, while breaking the heart from being seeded into true leaf, generally need 10～14 days.As too low in temperature, just emerge slowly.Seed launches to belong to heterotrophic growth process to cotyledon from starting to germinate, and its required nutrient of growing is supplied by seed itself, by germination period, enters Seedling Stage; Seedling Stage: refer to that occuring to the first inflorescence from rough leaf buddings.This phase in suitable daytime, temperature was 25～28 ℃, and night, temperature was 13～17 ℃.This phase ground temperature has larger impact, suitable ground temperature should remain on 22～23 ℃ on seedling fertility; Beginning to spend the setting phase to refer to from the first inflorescence buddings to setting.This stage is that tomato is transitioned into reproductive growth and nourishes and grows the equal transitional period of developing as main from take to nourish and grow, and is directly connected to formation and the output of product organ; Flowering stage: sit as flowering stage from existing bud to the 1 inflorescence fruit, approximately need 15～30 days on the time.The plant in this period, except proceeding the differentiation of bud and leaf bud and growing, nourishes and grows also very vigorous, and showing as in appearance plant height increases, and blade is constantly grown up.Therefore, in this stage, to regulate and nourish and grow and the relation of reproductive growth, should make to nourish and grow fully, blade is plump, stem stalk is sturdy, well established and vigorously developing, avoids again excessive growth, prevents fallen flowers and late blooming result.Fruiting period: fruit to the end (uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested) of gathering from the first inflorescence.This, fruit, seedling were grown simultaneously in period, resolved the contradiction of nourishing and growing with reproductive growth, were the crucial important business in this period.

For greenhouse gardening tomato, how fast seedling growing, allows tomato yield positive results fast, shortens from planting to the process of having a good harvest, and can be conducive to the increasing both production and income at greenhouse gardening family.Therefore, it is simple that the present invention aims to provide a kind of method, can effectively shorten plantation to the fast seedling-cultivating method of the greenhouse gardening tomato of the time of good harvest.

 

Summary of the invention:

The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming existing in prior art, provide a kind of method simple, can effectively shorten plantation to the fast seedling-cultivating method of the greenhouse gardening tomato of the time of good harvest.

To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of fast seedling-cultivating method of greenhouse gardening tomato, wherein, comprise the steps:

6 kilograms of A, bentonites, 4 kilograms, compost, 1 kilogram of decomposed cow dung, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, nitrogenous fertilizer again, 200 grams, rock phosphate, 100 grams of digested tankages, 80 grams of seawood meals, 100 grams, ginger powder, sows previous month said components is mixed, and piles up standby; Obtain matrix

B, grow seedlings: above-mentioned matrix is placed in the hole in seedling-cultivating tray, packs 3/4 place in each hole into, in compacting metapore, put into tamato seed, above cover matrix concordant to the upper surface with hole after, spray water;

C, control nursery temperature, between 13-18 degree Celsius, are emerged and are placed on the best place of greenhouse by solar heat Yanguan Pass, go out after two true leaves, apply fertilizer for the first time, within after planting 20 days, start to transplant fertilising again after transplanting.

 

Tomato seedling is afraid of to be dried most, slightly large than cucumber and tomato of bentonitic ratio in the compost of seedbed, be 6 kilograms of bentonites, 4 kilograms, compost, 1 kilogram of decomposed cow dung, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, nitrogenous fertilizer again, 200 grams, rock phosphate, 100 grams of digested tankages, 80 grams of seawood meals, 100 grams, ginger powder, and a mixed accumulation in month prior to seeding.End water before sowing also should be larger than tomato.Some places are sowed with Seeding box, can be placed on going up warmly of nearly quirk, and greenhouse by solar heat also will be in the best location of warm optical condition, the demand of favourable tomato to high temperature.The place of seedling at twice can be carried out for the first time after two true leaves launch, and is roughly after planting about 25 days, 10 centimetres of seeding row spacing 10 cm x.At this moment just before first flower differentiation.Divide for the second time Miao Ying to divide for the first time after seedling 20～25 days, seedling carries out after growing 4 true leaves.Current minute seedling, the field planting of plan booth, one all can divide seedling to booth from greenhouse, so the exercise of rice shoot seems even more important, transplants and will start large ventilation the last week, particularly nocturnal temperature is lowered, maintain 13～15 ℃, and should act in agreement, promptly carry out, do not make seedling freezing when process is outdoor, be preferably in the warm time-division seedling of fine day.Move after people's booth and cover little shed, will add a cover straw mat evening at once, and enclose and cover surrounding, within 5～6 days, can delay seedling.If desired divide for the third time seedling, can within 25 days after dividing seedling for the second time, carry out, area further has additional nutrients.Crops ' field planting, is all the seedlings of 10～12 true leaves, and the management in seedling stage is most important, and in order to be bred as desirable young plant, seedling bed temperature can lower gradually, can be down to 23～25 ℃ from 28～30 ℃, and can drop to gradually 13～14 ℃ night.Nocturnal temperature is very large on the quality impact of flower, and too high nocturnal temperature often makes flower qualitative change bad, and fallen flowers increase, and short style flower increases.And can make the joint position of flower improve.If flower was open in seedbed in after planting 90 days first, should with 2,4-D, be stained with flower in time, and bottom side shoot is all removed.The way that prevents fallen flowers and formation stone eggplant, is mainly to guarantee illumination, supplies with nutrition, avoids temperature fluctuated, notices that soil conservation is moistening.As for the sowing time, can calculate 90～100 days forward by local booth setting date.Kind is all generally to adopt local high and stable yields kind, also can select with reference to the kind of greenhouse by solar heat.

 

Advantage of the present invention is: method is simple, can effectively shorten plantation to the time of good harvest, more conventional greenhouse gardening method, and plantation can differ from 10-13 days to the harvest date.Be beneficial to plantation family and seize as early as possible market.

 

Embodiment:

The fast seedling-cultivating method of greenhouse gardening tomato, wherein, comprises the steps:

6 kilograms of A, bentonites, 4 kilograms, compost, 1 kilogram of decomposed cow dung, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, nitrogenous fertilizer again, 200 grams, rock phosphate, 100 grams of digested tankages, 80 grams of seawood meals, 100 grams, ginger powder, sows previous month said components is mixed, and piles up standby; Obtain matrix

B, grow seedlings: above-mentioned matrix is placed in the hole in seedling-cultivating tray, packs 3/4 place in each hole into, in compacting metapore, put into tamato seed, above cover matrix concordant to the upper surface with hole after, spray water;

C, control nursery temperature, between 13-18 degree Celsius, are emerged and are placed on the best place of greenhouse by solar heat Yanguan Pass, go out after two true leaves, apply fertilizer for the first time, within after planting 20 days, start to transplant fertilising again after transplanting.

 

Advantage of the present invention is: method is simple, can effectively shorten plantation to the time of good harvest, more conventional greenhouse gardening method, and plantation can differ from 10-13 days to the harvest date.Be beneficial to plantation family and seize as early as possible market.

Claims (1)

1. a fast seedling-cultivating method for greenhouse gardening tomato, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

6 kilograms of A, bentonites, 4 kilograms, compost, 1 kilogram of decomposed cow dung, every cubic metre adds 100 grams, nitrogenous fertilizer again, 200 grams, rock phosphate, 100 grams of digested tankages, 80 grams of seawood meals, 100 grams, ginger powder, sows previous month said components is mixed, and piles up standby; Obtain matrix,

B, grow seedlings: above-mentioned matrix is placed in the hole in seedling-cultivating tray, packs 3/4 place in each hole into, in compacting metapore, put into tamato seed, above cover matrix concordant to the upper surface with hole after, spray water;

C, control nursery temperature, between 13-18 degree Celsius, are emerged and are placed on the best place of greenhouse by solar heat Yanguan Pass, go out after two true leaves, apply fertilizer for the first time, within after planting 20 days, start to transplant fertilising again after transplanting.