CN105185744B - 氮化镓基发光二极管芯片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供氮化镓基发光二极管芯片及其制备方法,通过在距衬底背面向内10μm~40μm位置处聚焦,增加激光能量,调整激光频率,使得激光隐形切割在衬底内烧蚀形成孔洞贯穿至露出衬底背面,有效地排出激光隐形切割后留下的烧痕、碎屑等副产物,减少副产物的光吸收,增加发光二极管的侧壁出光,提升出光效率;此外,由于衬底与孔洞折射率不同,同时激光划痕类似将LED芯片侧面粗化,增大了光取出的角度,从而达到增加轴向光的目的,如此提高了LED芯片的整体发光效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体器件的制备领域,尤其是涉及氮化镓基发光二极管芯片及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,氮化镓基发光二极管芯片(英文为Light Emitting Diode,简称LED)具有寿命长、耐冲击、抗震、高效节能等优异特征,在图像显示、信号指示、照明以及基础研究等广泛应用。氮化镓基LED近年来发展迅猛,但其发光效率一直是制约LED在照明领域广泛应用的主要瓶颈。为此,改善LED发光效率的研究较为活跃,主要技术有采用表面(界面)粗化技术、生长分布布拉格反射层结构、透明衬底技术、衬底剥离技术、倒装芯片技术以及异形芯片技术。
申请号为201310023352.4的中国专利公开了一种能提高LED光效的芯片加工方法,加工方法步骤为:(1)在器件上表面进行激光划片至衬底与外延片界面附近,形成沟槽;(2)采用高温酸液对沟槽进行腐蚀,获得期望的形貌;(3)采用隐形切割工艺在器件内部正对沟槽的位置形成内划痕;(4)以内划痕的位置进行裂片,分为各独立的发光二极管芯片。但是该发明采用激光隐形切割后留下的烧痕、碎屑等副产物位于器件的内部,且不易自发排除出去,会对光有吸收作用,影响发光效率,需要采用化学溶液对烧痕、碎屑等副产物进行去除,工序较为繁琐,成本较高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种氮化镓基发光二极管芯片及其制备方法。本发明可以充分发挥隐形切割的优点,有效地排出激光隐形切割后留下的烧痕、碎屑等副产物,减少副产物的光吸收,增加发光二极管的侧壁出光,提升出光效率。
本发明的第一方面,在于提供氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,制作步骤如下:
(1)提供一种衬底;
(2)在所述衬底上形成外延层;
(3)在衬底内部通过激光隐形切割得到烧蚀孔洞;
(4)通过光罩、蚀刻工艺,制作P、N电极;
(5)经过研磨、劈裂工艺,制得发光二极管芯片;
其特征在于:步骤(3)所述激光隐形切割在距衬底背面向内10μm~40μm位置处聚焦,调整激光能量到0.32W~0.6W,调整激光频率在15KHz~40KHz,使得激光隐形切割在衬底内烧蚀形成孔洞贯穿至露出衬底背面,利于烧痕、碎屑副产物排出,减少吸光。
根据本发明,优选的是,所述外延层包括N-GaN层、发光层和P-GaN层。
根据本发明,优选的是,所述外延层设有网络状结构的切割道。
根据本发明,优选的是,所述切割道由纵向直线切割道和横向直线切割道构成。
根据本发明,优选的是,所述激光隐形切割在衬底内烧蚀位置在垂直方向上与切割道位置上下一致。
根据本发明,优选的是,所述孔洞的间距为8μm~20μm,孔洞的大小为1μm~4μm。
根据本发明,优选的是,所述衬底背面设有分布布拉格反射层。
与现有技术相比,本发明的创新之处在于:通过在距衬底背面向内10μm~40μm位置处聚焦,增加激光能量,调整激光频率,使得激光隐形切割在衬底内烧蚀形成孔洞贯穿至露出衬底背面,有效地排出激光隐形切割后留下的烧痕、碎屑等副产物,减少副产物对光的吸收,增加发光二极管的侧壁出光,提升出光效率;此外,由于衬底与孔洞折射率不同,同时激光烧蚀划痕类似将LED芯片侧面粗化,增大了光取出的角度,从而达到增加轴向光的目的,如此提高了LED芯片的整体发光效率;再者,由于有效排出激光隐形切割后留下的副产物,省去后续的化学溶液去除工序,有效节省制造成本。
此外,本发明的另一方面在于提供氮化镓基发光二极管芯片,其是根据本发明的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法而制得的。该GaN基发光二极管芯片,与常规工艺制备的芯片相比,发光效率高,品质优良。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本发明实施例一起用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的限制。此外,附图数据是描述概要,不是按比例绘制。
101:图形化蓝宝石衬底;102:N-GaN层;103:发光层;104:P-GaN层;105:孔洞;106:P电极;107:N电极;108:分布布拉格反射层;A:横向直线切割道;B:纵向直线切割道。
图1~图4是实施例1制备氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的流程示意剖面图。
图5是实施例2氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合示意图对本发明进行详细的描述,在进一步介绍本发明之前,应当理解,由于可以对特定的实施例进行改造,因此,本发明并不限于下述的特定实施例。还应当理解,由于本发明的范围只由所附权利要求限定,因此所采用的实施例只是介绍性的,而不是限制性的。除非另有说明,否则这里所用的所有技术和科学用语与本领域的普通技术人员所普遍理解的意义相同。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种氮化镓发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其制作步骤包括:
如图1 所示,在图形化蓝宝石衬底101上采用金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)依次外延生长:N-GaN层102、发光层103和P-GaN层104。
如图2 所示,沿外延层表面进行激光正划,在垂直于平边的方向形成纵向直线切割道B,在平行于平边的方向上形成横向直线切割道A,切割道A和B构成网络状结构的切割道。
如图3所示,采用激光隐形切割在距衬底背面向内10μm~40μm位置处聚焦,调整激光能量到0.32W~0.6W,调整激光频率在15KHz~40KHz,激光隐形切割烧蚀位置在垂直方向上与切割道位置上下一致,使得激光隐形切割在衬底内烧蚀形成孔洞105贯穿至露出衬底背面,利于烧痕、碎屑副产物排出,减少吸光;本实施例烧蚀孔洞105的间距为8μm~20μm,孔洞的大小为1μm~4μm,藉由衬底101与烧蚀孔洞105的折射率不同,同时激光烧蚀划痕类似将LED芯片侧面粗化,增大了光取出的角度,从而达到增加轴向光的目的,如此提高了LED芯片的整体发光效率;由于有效排出激光隐形切割后留下的副产物,省去后续的化学溶液去除工序,有效节省制造成本。
如图4所示,通过光罩、蚀刻工艺,分布在P-GaN层104和暴露的N-GaN层102上制作P电极106和N电极107;经过研磨、劈裂工艺,制得发光二极管芯片。
本实施例制备的GaN基发光二极管芯片,与常规工艺制备的芯片相比,发光效率高,品质优良。
实施例2
如图5所示,与实施例1不同的是,本实施例在衬底背面设有分布布拉格反射层108,如此发光二极管芯片的取光效率得到更进一步提升。需要指出的是,分布布拉格反射层108可以在衬底内部通过激光隐形切割得到烧蚀孔洞之前制备,也可以在衬底内部通过激光隐形切割得到烧蚀孔洞之后形成。
应当理解的是,上述具体实施方案为本发明的优选实施例,本发明的范围不限于该实施例,凡依本发明所做的任何变更,皆属本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,制作步骤如下:
(1)提供一种衬底;
(2)在所述衬底上形成外延层;
(3)在衬底内部通过激光隐形切割得到烧蚀孔洞;
(4)通过光罩、蚀刻工艺,制作P、N电极;
(5)经过研磨、劈裂工艺,制得发光二极管芯片;
其特征在于:步骤(3)所述激光隐形切割在距衬底背面向内10μm~40μm位置处聚焦,调整激光能量到0.32W~0.6W,调整激光频率在15KHz~40KHz,使得激光隐形切割在衬底内烧蚀形成孔洞贯穿至露出衬底背面,利于烧痕、碎屑副产物排出,减少吸光。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述外延层包括N-GaN层、发光层和P-GaN层。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述外延层设有网络状结构的切割道。
4.根据权利要求 3所述的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述切割道由纵向直线切割道和横向直线切割道构成。
5.根据权利要求 3所述的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述激光隐形切割在衬底内烧蚀位置在垂直方向上与切割道位置上下一致。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述孔洞的间距为8μm~20μm。
7.根据权利要求 1所述的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述孔洞的大小为1μm~4μm。
8.根据权利要求 1所述的氮化镓基发光二极管芯片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述衬底背面设有分布布拉格反射层。
9.氮化镓基发光二极管芯片,其特征在于:通过上述权利要求1至8中任一项所述的制备方法制得。
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