A kind of paddy rice fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to Crop fertilizer field, relate to a kind of paddy rice fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof specifically.
Background technology
Paddy rice institute knot reality and paddy, claim rice, scented rice, rice after paddy (grain) shells.Nearly half population is in the world all food with rice.China is a large agricultural country, belongs to direct economy crop in China paddy rice, main producing region mainly area, the Yangtze valley and Pearl River Delta northeastward.In general agricultural planting process, chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals play very important effect, usually also with using various agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer in Rice Cropping process.The use of a large amount of chemical pesticide can easily cause agricultural-food drug residue to exceed standard, and food safety reduces; The use of a large amount of chemical fertilizer causes soil compaction serious, and fertilizer loss is serious, has a strong impact on environment.
The solid waste that phosphogypsum gives off when being and producing phosphate fertilizer, phosphoric acid, often produces 1t phosphoric acid and about produces 4.5-5t phosphogypsum.Phosphogypsum divides dihydrate gypsum (CaSO
42H
2and semi-hydrated gypsum (CaSO O)
41/2H
2o), in the majority with dihydrate gypsum.Phosphogypsum also contains a small amount of phosphoric acid, silicon, magnesium, iron, aluminium, organic impurity etc. except principal constituent calcium sulfate.Within 2015, phosphogypsum annual emissions is more than 2,000 ten thousand t, and utilization ratio is only 2%-3%.A large amount of phosphogypsum mainly stacks placement, stack phosphogypsum and not only occupy a large amount of soil, and cause environmental pollution, therefore how to seek the Appropriate application approach of phosphogypsum, utilize the problem becoming people and pay close attention to the height of the Sustainable development and phosphogypsum that realize Phosphate Fertilizer Industry.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of paddy rice fertilizer special for organic, this fertilizer is through scientific compatibility, and nutritive element is comprehensive, highly meets the Nutrition absorption characteristic of each growth period of paddy rice, fertilizer efficiency is permanent, greatly improve the per mu yield of paddy rice, the traditional Chinese medicine ingredients extract wherein added can the generation of effectively pre-preventing disease and pest, and security is high, and effectively can utilize phosphogypsum, improve the utilization ratio of phosphogypsum.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned paddy rice fertilizer special for organic, the method is simple to operate, and the fertilizer efficiency of preparation is high, uses rear disease and pest incidence low.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of paddy rice fertilizer special for organic, it is characterized in that, it is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Fruit Peel 80-100 part, edible fungi leftovers 60-80 part, fowl and animal excrement 60-80 part, medical stone 20-30 part, Radix Semiaquilegiae extract 5-15 part, xanthorrhiza extract 10-20 part, complex micro organism fungicide 3-5 part, vegetable mould 40-50 part, Repone K 5-15 part, phosphogypsum 5-8 part, micro-2-3 part;
Described complex micro organism fungicide is mixed according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:3 trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
Preferred as one of the present invention, described paddy rice fertilizer special for organic is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Fruit Peel 90 parts, edible fungi leftovers 70 parts, fowl and animal excrement 70 parts, medical stone 25 parts, Radix Semiaquilegiae extract 10 parts, xanthorrhiza extract 15 parts, complex micro organism fungicide 4 parts, vegetable mould 45 parts, 10 parts, Repone K, phosphogypsum 7 parts, trace element 2.5 parts.
Preferably, described trace element is zinc-amino acid chelate: iron-amino acid chelate: chelating amino acids boron: amino acid chelated magnesium: chelating amino acids silicon: chelating amino acids manganese is made according to the weight ratio of 5:0.1:0.5:2:0.03-0.05:0.02-0.04.
Preferably, described Radix Semiaquilegiae extract is prepared by the following method: the Root of Muskroot-like Semiaquilegia clear water taking weight part is put into mature vinegar and soaked 3-5 days after cleaning and drying, then take out and be placed in the stir-fry of 75 DEG C, pot to dark yellow, normal temperature is cooled to after taking-up, then the alcohol immersion adding 60% of 8 times amount refluxing extraction 2 times after 0.5 hour, each extraction 1.5 hours, collects and merges extracted twice liquid and get final product.
Preferably, described xanthorrhiza extract is prepared by the following method: take weight part xanthorrhiza clear water clean dry after put into mature vinegar soak 7 days, then take out and be placed in the stir-fry of 95 DEG C, pot to coke yellow, normal temperature is cooled to after taking-up, then the alcohol immersion adding 75% of 8 times amount refluxing extraction 3 times after 1 hour, each extraction 1 hour, collects merging No. three extracting solutions and get final product.
A preparation method for paddy rice fertilizer special for organic, is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
1) proportionally proportioning raw material, Fruit Peel, edible fungi leftovers, fowl and animal excrement, vegetable mould are evenly stacked, compost fermentation, complex micro organism fungicide is evenly sprayed at compost material surface according to formula ratio, adjustment initial water content is 75%, and urea regulates C/N than for 25:1, when compost core temperature to be elevated to after more than 45 DEG C every turning in 2 days once, continuously ferment and obtain fermented product in 30 days, stand-by;
2) medical stone is crossed after pulverizer is pulverized the medical stone powder of 200 mesh sieves;
3) the Root of Muskroot-like Semiaquilegia clear water taking weight part is put into mature vinegar and is soaked 3-5 days after cleaning and drying, then take out and be placed in the stir-fry of 75 DEG C, pot to dark yellow, normal temperature is cooled to after taking-up, then the alcohol immersion adding 60% of 8 times amount refluxing extraction 2 times after 0.5 hour, each extraction 1.5 hours, collects merging extracted twice liquid and namely obtains Radix Semiaquilegiae extract;
4) take weight part xanthorrhiza clear water clean dry after put into mature vinegar soak 7 days, then take out and be placed in the stir-fry of 95 DEG C, pot to coke yellow, normal temperature is cooled to after taking-up, then the alcohol immersion adding 75% of 8 times amount refluxing extraction 3 times after 1 hour, each extraction 1 hour, collects merging No. three extracting solutions and namely obtains xanthorrhiza extract;
5) Radix Semiaquilegiae extract, xanthorrhiza extract being added step 2 respectively) stir to obtain in the medical stone powder of gained mixed powder;
6) obtain pulverizing after the airing of step 1) gained fermented product the particle that granularity is 0.5-3mm;
7) mixed powder of step 6) gained particle and step 5) gained, Repone K, phosphogypsum, trace element carried out after mixing according to weight proportion pulverize, sub-sieve, granulation, oven dry, cooling, pack to obtain finished product.
Preferably, described complex micro organism fungicide is mixed according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:3 trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
Preferably, described trace element is zinc-amino acid chelate: iron-amino acid chelate: chelating amino acids boron: amino acid chelated magnesium: chelating amino acids silicon: chelating amino acids manganese is made according to the weight ratio of 5:0.1:0.5:2:0.03-0.05:0.02-0.04.
Microorganism used therefor bacterial classification of the present invention is conventional commercial purchase and obtains.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) fertilizer formula of the present invention is reasonable, the long-acting equilibrium of nutrients release, first by Fruit Peel, edible fungi leftovers, fowl and animal excrement, the fermented product produced through adding complex micro organism fungicide fermentation after vegetable mould rational proportion, wherein containing abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, the nutritive elements such as potassium and trace element, meet the nutritional needs of each growth period of paddy rice completely, in fermentation secondary fermentation thing, contain a large amount of beneficial activity bacterium simultaneously, after using fertilizer of the present invention, each bacterial classification is bred rapidly, effectively can suppress the fungi in soil, bacterium, virus waits harmful microbe growth, the generation of the various disease and pest of effective prevention.In addition, some active bacteria wherein can promote that plant is to the absorption of mineral substance, promote the growth of plant, improve the output of paddy rice.
2) in raw material of the present invention, porous medical stone is first mixed with Chinese medical extract, effective constituent in abundant absorption Chinese medicine, and then make finished product with other several raw material mixing granulations, and add the antimicrobial component in fertilizer, can the generation of effective pre-preventing disease and pest.
3) the present invention adopts phosphogypsum to be raw material, improves the utilization ratio of phosphogypsum.Wherein containing Multiple components such as phosphoric acid, silicon, magnesium, iron, aluminium, sufficient phosphate fertilizer and trace element can be provided for paddy growth, phosphogypsum can also as soil improvement agent simultaneously, effectively can improve the physical behavior of soil when using with medical stone simultaneously, strengthen ventilative, water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil, keep soil from packing together, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer application frequency.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of paddy rice fertilizer special for organic, it is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Fruit Peel 80 parts, edible fungi leftovers 60 parts, fowl and animal excrement 60 parts, medical stone 20 parts, Radix Semiaquilegiae extract 5 parts, xanthorrhiza extract 10 parts, complex micro organism fungicide 3 parts, vegetable mould 40 parts, 5 parts, Repone K, phosphogypsum 5 parts, trace element 2 parts;
Described complex micro organism fungicide is mixed according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:3 trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium.All bacterial classifications are conventional commercial product.
Described trace element is zinc-amino acid chelate: iron-amino acid chelate: chelating amino acids boron: amino acid chelated magnesium: chelating amino acids silicon: chelating amino acids manganese is made according to the weight ratio of 5:0.1:0.5:2:0.03:0.02.
Above-mentioned paddy rice fertilizer special for organic adopts following method to prepare:
1) proportionally proportioning raw material, Fruit Peel, edible fungi leftovers, fowl and animal excrement, vegetable mould are evenly stacked, compost fermentation, complex micro organism fungicide is evenly sprayed at compost material surface according to formula ratio, adjustment initial water content is 75%, and urea regulates C/N than for 25:1, when compost core temperature to be elevated to after more than 45 DEG C every turning in 2 days once, continuously ferment and obtain fermented product in 30 days, stand-by;
2) medical stone is crossed after pulverizer is pulverized the medical stone powder of 200 mesh sieves;
3) the Root of Muskroot-like Semiaquilegia clear water taking weight part is put into mature vinegar and is soaked 3-5 days after cleaning and drying, then take out and be placed in the stir-fry of 75 DEG C, pot to dark yellow, normal temperature is cooled to after taking-up, then the alcohol immersion adding 60% of 8 times amount refluxing extraction 2 times after 0.5 hour, each extraction 1.5 hours, collects merging extracted twice liquid and namely obtains Radix Semiaquilegiae extract;
4) take weight part xanthorrhiza clear water clean dry after put into mature vinegar soak 7 days, then take out and be placed in the stir-fry of 95 DEG C, pot to coke yellow, normal temperature is cooled to after taking-up, then the alcohol immersion adding 75% of 8 times amount refluxing extraction 3 times after 1 hour, each extraction 1 hour, collects merging No. three extracting solutions and namely obtains xanthorrhiza extract;
5) Radix Semiaquilegiae extract, xanthorrhiza extract being added step 2 respectively) stir to obtain in the medical stone powder of gained mixed powder;
6) obtain pulverizing after the airing of step 1) gained fermented product the particle that granularity is 0.5-3mm;
7) mixed powder of step 6) gained particle and step 5) gained, Repone K, phosphogypsum, trace element carried out after mixing according to weight proportion pulverize, sub-sieve, granulation, oven dry, cooling, pack to obtain finished product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of paddy rice fertilizer special for organic, it is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Fruit Peel 100 parts, edible fungi leftovers 80 parts, fowl and animal excrement 80 parts, medical stone 30 parts, Radix Semiaquilegiae extract 15 parts, xanthorrhiza extract 20 parts, complex micro organism fungicide 5 parts, vegetable mould 50 parts, 15 parts, Repone K, phosphogypsum 8 parts, trace element 3 parts;
Described complex micro organism fungicide is mixed according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:3 trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium.All bacterial classifications are conventional commercial product.
Described trace element is zinc-amino acid chelate: iron-amino acid chelate: chelating amino acids boron: amino acid chelated magnesium: chelating amino acids silicon: chelating amino acids manganese is made according to the weight ratio of 5:0.1:0.5:2:0.05:0.04.
The preparation method of above-mentioned paddy rice fertilizer special for organic is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of paddy rice fertilizer special for organic, it is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Fruit Peel 90 parts, edible fungi leftovers 70 parts, fowl and animal excrement 70 parts, medical stone 25 parts, Radix Semiaquilegiae extract 10 parts, xanthorrhiza extract 15 parts, complex micro organism fungicide 4 parts, vegetable mould 45 parts, 10 parts, Repone K, phosphogypsum 7 parts, trace element 2.5 parts.
Described complex micro organism fungicide is mixed according to the weight ratio of 4:2:1:3 trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae, subtilis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium.All bacterial classifications are conventional commercial product.
Described trace element is zinc-amino acid chelate: iron-amino acid chelate: chelating amino acids boron: amino acid chelated magnesium: chelating amino acids silicon: chelating amino acids manganese is made according to the weight ratio of 5:0.1:0.5:2:0.04:0.03.
The preparation method of above-mentioned paddy rice fertilizer special for organic is with embodiment 1.
The paddy rice farmland of 4 pieces of same sizes is chosen as experiment field in Wenshang County, Shandong Province, every block is 1 mu, wherein 3 pieces of farmlands use the paddy rice fertilizer special for organic of embodiment of the present invention 1-3 gained respectively, another 1 piece of farmland uses commercially available general fertilizer, within 1 year, observe output and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control situation of paddy rice afterwards, experimental result is in table 1.
Table 1 rice yield and disease and pest a situation arises Statistical Comparison
As can be seen from Table 1, use the fertilizer obtained by embodiment of the present invention 1-3, the grain of rice after maturation is golden yellow full, output increases, compared with not using the farmland of product of the present invention, every mu of on average volume increase 55.8 kilograms, and the disease and pest after using product of the present invention in farmland also greatly reduces, decrease the usage quantity of agricultural chemicals, improve the security of food.In addition, Fertilizer nutrient of the present invention is balanced, trace element is sufficient, and meet the growth needs of paddy rice in each, the growth that the medical stone added in raw material and phosphogypsum composition are not only paddy rice provides sufficient nutrient in period, effectively can also improve edatope, strengthen ventilative, water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil, keep soil from packing together, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer application frequency, improve crop yield.