CN105166537A - Low-emission meat duck feed additive containing traditional Chinese medicine and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-emission meat duck feed additive containing traditional Chinese medicine and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-emission meat duck feed additive containing traditional Chinese medicine and a preparation method thereof. The additive is prepared from choline chloride, alkaline proteases, neutral proteases, phytase, organic microelement chelates, stachyose, aloe polysaccharides, dogwood polysaccharides, propolis and traditional Chinese medicine compositions. The additive has the advantages that scientific compatibility is performed on the low-emission meat duck additive, the ideal feeding effect can be achieved, high efficiency and environment friendliness are achieved, low emissions of nitrogen, phosphorus, manganese, zinc, copper and the like are achieved in breed, and the better social benefits and economic benefits can be created; no negative influence on the meat duck growth properties is generated; the feed-weight ratio can be improved; the protein resource utilization rate is improved, the economic benefits are increased, and nitrogen emission is reduced; the apparent utilization rate of manganese, zinc and copper of meat ducks can be increased, and the emission amount of manganese, zinc and copper can be decreased; the nitrogen and phosphorus utilization rate can be effectively improved, the emission amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in faeces can be decreased, and pollution to the environment can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal feed additive, particularly a kind of low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In Asia, foster duck is traditional poultry project, especially in China, China's duck breeding stock 15.25 hundred million in 2011, the amount of delivering for sale 39.4 hundred million, account for the world always the amount of delivering for sale more than 80%, be meat duck the biggest in the world cultivation country, and this ratio is increasing year by year.But along with the increase of livestock and poultry cultivation amount, namely ight soil discharge capacity increases, thus ight soil pollution on the environment will be day by day serious thereupon.The annual emissions of whole nation feces of livestock and poultry rises year by year from 18.8 hundred million t of 1988, within 1998, has reached 3,500,000,000 t, it is predicted that the year two thousand twenty whole nation ight soil total amount will reach 42.44 hundred million t.N, P are nutritional labelings main in feed, are also two kinds of elements of most destructible ecological environment in farm animal excrement.According to statistics, the N of about 65% taken in body and the P of 70% is not fully utilized and excretes by livestock and poultry, and this not only causes the waste of nutriment, also causes the severe contamination of environment.In recent years in order to improve livestock and poultry growth rate, strengthen its resistance against diseases, usually containing trace mineral supplements such as a certain amount of Cu, Zn, Mn in animal and fowl fodder, consider facilitation to be had in breeding performonce fo animals simple, but it is also very fuzzy to the definite mechanism of absorption of some trace element, therefore seldom really absorbed by animal, be more excreted by ight soil, and cause environmental pollution.
Because the absorptivity of inorganic microelement is only 2% ~ 10%, domestic and international many plants use high zinc and high copper feed in a large number, cause the residual severe overweight of zinc and copper in meat, egg, dairy products and animal wastes, and cause severe contamination to environment.Organic trace element then can address this problem well, because organic trace element absorption rate is high, residual less in ight soil.
Along with the development of aquaculture, the scale of meat duck cultivation is constantly magnified with intensive, the negative effect that abuse of antibiotics brings more and more is valued by the people, in the urgent need to finding a kind of energy substitute antibiotics, reducing the environmental type feed addictive of the discharge of N, P.
Summary of the invention
In order to meet the demand of environmental protection, embodiments provide a kind of low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine and preparation method thereof.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides a kind of low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine, described additive is made up of following raw material: Choline Chloride, alkali protease, neutral proteinase, phytase, organic microelement chelate, stachyose, aloe polysaccharide, skunk bush polysaccharide, propolis and Chinese medicine composition.
Described additive is made up of following raw materials by weight portion proportioning: Choline Chloride 0.5-3 part, alkali protease 25-30 part, neutral proteinase 15-20 part, phytase 13-18 part, organic microelement chelate 4-5 part, stachyose 8-14 part, aloe polysaccharide 10-15 part, skunk bush polysaccharide 16-20 part, propolis 6-9 part and Chinese medicine composition 4-8 part.
Described additive is made up of following raw materials by weight portion proportioning: Choline Chloride 3 parts, alkali protease 30 parts, neutral proteinase 15 parts, phytase 13 parts, organic microelement chelate 4 parts, stachyose 14 parts, aloe polysaccharide 15 parts, skunk bush polysaccharide 16 parts, propolis 9 parts and Chinese medicine composition 4 parts.
Described phytase is liquid phytase or heat resistant solid phytase, and enzyme is lived as 5000U/g.
Described Chinese medicine composition is made up of following bulk drug: radix polygonati officinalis, radix cynanchi atrati, coix seed, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, dandelion, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, Fructus Aurantii, Swertia patens, buzhaye and Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Described Chinese medicine composition is become by following raw material medicaments in part by weight array: radix polygonati officinalis 5-10 part, radix cynanchi atrati 8-12 part, coix seed 10-16 part, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 9-15 part, dandelion 6-13 part, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 4-9 part, Fructus Aurantii 7-12 part, Swertia patens 3-9 part, buzhaye 9-15 part and Radix Glycyrrhizae 8-16 part.
Wherein the preparation method of Chinese medicine composition is: take all raw medicinal material mixed grindings according to parts by weight and become 150 order fine powders, be prepared into described Chinese medicine additive, the grinding particle size of raw medicinal material is 3mm, makes its fine powder amount reach more than 95% of Chinese medicine composition total amount.
Wherein the preparation method of Chinese medicine composition is:
The first step, mixes in proportion by raw medicinal material each in described Chinese medicine composition, and adding relative to the determining alcohol of mixture quality 2 ~ 4 times is the ethanol of 85 ~ 95%, adds hot reflux 1 ~ 3 hour, extracts, and filters acquisition first extract; Filter the dregs of a decoction obtained to add relative to the determining alcohol of described dregs of a decoction quality 1 ~ 2 times to be again the ethanol of 85 ~ 95%, to add hot reflux 1 ~ 3 hour that acquisition second extract is filtered in extraction; First extract and the second extract are merged, reduced pressure concentration removing alcohol solvent, dry, obtain and get dry extract;
Second step, is placed on the dry cream that the first step obtains in micronizer and pulverizes 1 ~ 2 hour, pulverize, sieve, obtain 300 order ~ 400 object micropowders.
Described organic microelement chelate is made up of methionine hydroxy zinc, hydroxy methionine copper and methionine hydroxy manganese, and/or described organic microelement chelate is made up of following raw material: methionine hydroxy zinc 20-50 part, hydroxy methionine copper 2-5 part and methionine hydroxy manganese 30-60 part.
The preparation method of described aloe polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get 2-3 Fresh leaf of aloe and clean; soak 20-40min in deionized water; to remove the yellow juice that epidermis oozes out; then epidermis is cut; internal layer gel being shredded, obtaining asparagus juice with getting supernatant after refiner homogenate at 4 DEG C of refrigeration 8-10h; By asparagus juice and deionized water in mass ratio 1:12-15 ratio mix, add complex enzyme A at 32-36 DEG C, enzymolysis 5-8h under PH5.2-6.5, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, when extract being evaporated under vacuum 0.06 ~ 0.09Mpa 50 ~ 60 DEG C, relative density is the lotion of 1.04 ~ 1.10, adding relative to lotion quality 5-7 determining alcohol doubly in lotion is the ethanol of 95%, precipitation 8h, high speed centrifugation obtains aloe polysaccharide precipitation; Precipitating mass ratio with Sevage reagent and aloe polysaccharide is again that 1:3 mixes standing 1-2h, then gets supernatant vacuum drying and obtains aloe polysaccharide; Described complex enzyme A is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be asparagus juice quality 3.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 2.5% of asparagus juice quality.
The preparation method of described skunk bush polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get the broken obtained Fructus Corni dry powder of Fructus Corni dried fruit digested tankage, add the distilled water that quality is Fructus Corni dry powder quality 15 ~ 20 times, add complex enzyme B in 30-39 DEG C, enzymolysis 5h-6h under pH5-6.5, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, by extract centrifuging and taking supernatant, being concentrated into volume is that 1/3 ~ 1/6 of supernatant volume obtains concentrate, to add volume be the determining alcohol of concentrate volume 6 ~ 8 times is the ethanol of 90% ~ 95%, standing 2h is centrifugal, freeze drying, obtains skunk bush polysaccharide; Described complex enzyme B is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be Fructus Corni dry powder quality 4.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 5.5% of Fructus Corni dry powder quality.
In order to realize goal of the invention better, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine, and described preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step one: get described propolis in proportion, adds the absolute ethyl alcohol relative to propolis quality 10 times, is stirred to and dissolves completely, obtain solution one;
Step 2: get the described raw material of residue in proportion, add deionized water and stirring even mixture, remain described raw material with deionized water quality than being 1:8, mixture is added and carries out spraying granulation after the solution one obtained relative to the talcum powder of mixture gross mass 0.1 ~ 0.3 times, the microcrystalline cellulose of 0.1 ~ 0.3 times and step one mixes and obtain particle, by the particle obtained and the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive be mixed to get relative to the starch of granular mass 0.2 ~ 0.3 times containing Chinese medicine.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is brought is: the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive that the present invention contains Chinese medicine has carried out scientific compatibility, desirable feeding effect can be reached, and efficient, environmental protection, in cultivation, the low emission such as nitrogen, phosphorus, manganese, zinc, copper, can create preferably social benefit and economic well-being of workers and staff.Additive of the present invention and meat duck growth performance is not had a negative impact; Feed-weight ratio can also be improved; Improve protein resource utilization rate, increase economic well-being of workers and staff, reduce the excretion of nitrogen; The Apparent Availability of meat duck manganese, zinc, copper can be improved, reduce the excretion of manganese, zinc, copper.Effectively can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, reduce the excretion of nitrogen phosphorus in ight soil, alleviate the pollution to environment.
Detailed description of the invention
For N, P of existing feed and the high problem of other micro-utilization rate low emissions, the invention provides a kind of low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine and preparation method thereof.Chinese medicine composition of the present invention comprises following bulk drug: radix polygonati officinalis, radix cynanchi atrati, coix seed, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, dandelion, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, Fructus Aurantii, Swertia patens, buzhaye and Radix Glycyrrhizae.Wherein, radix polygonati officinalis, radix cynanchi atrati, coix seed, Fructus Hordei Germinatus strengthening the spleen and stomach; Dandelion, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, Fructus Aurantii, Swertia patens, buzhaye promote digestion, absorb; Radix Glycyrrhizae coordinating the drug actions of a prescription.
Wherein, the pharmacology of above-mentioned raw materials medicinal material is as follows:
Radix polygonati officinalis: another name solomon's seal, beautiful ginseng, tail ginseng, bell are as dish, little shaft of a writing brush dish, sweet grass roots, Kao Shanzhu.This product is the dry rhizome of liliaceous plant radix polygonati officinalis.Taste is sweet; Flat.Return lung; Stomach warp.Nourishing Yin and moistening lung; Nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid.Main cough caused by dryness; Labor is coughed; The dry throat and mouth of pyreticosis cloudy liquid consumption wound; Interior heat is quenched one's thirst; Deficiency of Yin diseases caused by external factors; Dizzy dizzy; Muscle arteries and veins contraction pain.
Radix cynanchi atrati: another name Baima tail.This product is the dry root and rhizome of Asclepiadaceae plant radix cynanchi atrati or Cynanchum versicolor Bunge.Spring, Qiu Erji excavate, cleaning, drying.Bitter, salty, cold.Return stomach, liver, kidney channel.Clearing heat and cooling blood, inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia, detoxification sore treatment.For the heating of temperature evil wound battalion, fever due to yin deficiency, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, postpartum fever caused by blood deficiency, heat is drenched, and blood drenches, swollen ulcer drug.
Coix seed: taste is sweet, light, cool.Return spleen, stomach, lung channel.Invigorating the spleen excreting dampness, except numbness antidiarrheal, row is dense in heat-clearing.For oedema, beriberi, difficult urination, arthritis with fixed pain caused by dampness contraction, splenasthenic diarrhea, lung carbuncle, acute appendicitis; Flat wart.
Fructus Hordei Germinatus: another name fructus hordei germinatus.This product is that the ripening fruits of grass barley obtains through drying of germinateing.Taste is sweet, flat.Return spleen, stomach warp.Promote qi circulation digestion promoting, spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, moves back newborn dissipate-swelling.Do not disappear for dyspepsia, abdominal distention, insufficiency of the spleen food is few, and milk smoulders, swollen breasts, and women weans.
Dandelion: bitter; Sweet; Cold in nature.Return liver; Stomach warp.Clearing heat and detoxicating; The carbuncle that disappears dissipating bind.Main acute mastitis; Lung carbuncle; Acute appendicitis; Mumps; Malignant boil carbuncle toxin; Red eye, swell pain; Cold, fever; Cough; Abscess of throat; Stomach fire; Enteritis; Dysentery; Hepatitis; Courage frightens inflammation; Urinary tract infections; Snake bite and insect sting.
The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine: another name Wei, Chi Zhu (" you are male "), profound and (" Wu Pu Bencao "), meeting and (" not Lu "), five plums (" Liaoning main Chinese medicinal materials ").For the fruit of the lily magnolia Plants fruit of Chinese magnoliavine.Taste is sour, sweet, temperature.Return lung, the heart, kidney channel.Restrain astringent or styptic treatment for spontaneous sweating, nourishing generate fluid, kidney calming.Breathe heavily for void of coughing for a long time, emission, enuresis frequent micturition, endless diarrhea, spontaneous perspiration, night sweat, Tianjin wound is thirsty, and feeble pulse of losing heart, interior heat is quenched one's thirst, palpitation and insomnia.
Fructus Aurantii: bitter; Acid; Cold nature.Return lung; Spleen; Liver; Stomach; Large intestine channel.Septum pectorale ruffian is full; The distending pain in hypochondrium; Accumulation of food in the stomach and intes tine due to indigestion; Abdominal fullness and distention; Heavy after diarrhea; Prolapse of the anus; The prolapse of uterus.
Swertia patens: another name is when medicine (" Inner Mongol Chinese herbal medicine ").For the herb of gentianaceae plant knurl hair Swertia patens.Bitter; Pungent; Cold in nature.Return liver; The heart; Stomach warp.Clearing heat and detoxicating; Dampness removing; Soothing liver-gallbladder.Main acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis; Cholecystitis; Cold, fever; Abscess of throat; Swelling and aching of gum; Urinary tract infections; Enterogastritis; Dysentery; Pinkeye; Oral aphthae in children.
Buzhaye: another name straw rain cape, Fallopia nervosa, burlap leaf, rotten paniculata, cloth Bao Mu, rag tree, the precious leaf of Collettii.For the leaf of Tiliaceae Fallopia nervosa platymiscium rag tree.Light, micro-acid, flat.Clear heat, helps digestion, and reduces phlegm.For flu, heatstroke, eats stagnant, indigestion, diarrhoea.
Radix Glycyrrhizae: taste is sweet; Flat.Return spleen; Stomach; The heart; Lung channel.The bowl spares of benefit gas; Relieving spasm to stop pain; Moisten the lung and relieve the cough; Purging intense heat and detonicating; Coordinating the drug actions of a prescription.Main burnout food is few; Flesh thin Huang; Palpitation; Stomachache loose stool; The anxious pain of four limbs contraction; Hysteria; Cough and asthma; Abscess of throat; Carbuncle sore swells and ache; Infant fetal toxin; And medicine, food poisoning.
Neutral proteinase, alkali protease: build bright industry (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd;
Phytase: azure biological group;
Organic microelement chelate: Ao Teqi company.
Wherein, Sevage reagent is chloroform: n-butanol=5:1(V/V).
Embodiment 1 additive 1
Embodiments provide a kind of low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine, be made up of by weight ratio following raw material: Choline Chloride 0.5kg, alkali protease 25kg, neutral proteinase 20kg, phytase 18kg, organic microelement chelate 5kg, stachyose 8kg, aloe polysaccharide 10kg, skunk bush polysaccharide 20kg, propolis 6kg and Chinese medicine composition 8kg.
The preparation method of additive comprises the following steps:
Step one: get propolis in proportion, adds the absolute ethyl alcohol relative to propolis quality 10 times, is stirred to and dissolves completely, obtain solution one;
Step 2: get surplus stock in proportion, add deionized water and stirring even mixture, surplus stock and deionized water quality are than being 1:8, mixture is added and carries out spraying granulation after the solution one obtained relative to the talcum powder of mixture gross mass 0.1 times, the microcrystalline cellulose of 0.3 times and step one mixes and obtain particle, by the particle obtained and the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive be mixed to get relative to the starch of granular mass 0.3 times containing Chinese medicine.
Wherein phytase is liquid phytase, and enzyme is lived as 5000U/g.Enzyme unit definition alive is: be under the condition of 5.0mmol/L, temperature 37 DEG C, pH value 5.5 in sodium phytate concentration, the phytic acid enzyme amount discharged from phytic acid needed for 1umol Phos per minute.
Wherein Chinese medicine composition is made up of by weight following bulk drug: radix polygonati officinalis 5kg, radix cynanchi atrati 8kg, coix seed 16kg, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 15kg, dandelion 13kg, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 4kg, Fructus Aurantii 7kg, Swertia patens 9kg, buzhaye 9kg and Radix Glycyrrhizae 16kg.
Wherein the preparation method of Chinese medicine composition is: take all raw medicinal material mixed grindings according to parts by weight and become 150 order fine powders, be prepared into described Chinese medicine additive, the grinding particle size of raw medicinal material is 3mm, makes its fine powder amount reach more than 95% of Chinese medicine composition total amount.
Wherein organic microelement chelate is made up of methionine hydroxy zinc, hydroxy methionine copper and methionine hydroxy manganese, and wherein organic microelement chelate is made up of following raw material: methionine hydroxy zinc 20 parts, hydroxy methionine copper 5 parts and methionine hydroxy manganese 30 parts.
The preparation method of aloe polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get 2 years Fresh leaf of aloe and clean; soak 20min in deionized water, to remove the yellow juice that epidermis oozes out, then cut epidermis; internal layer gel being shredded, obtaining asparagus juice with getting supernatant after refiner homogenate at 4 DEG C of refrigeration 10h; By asparagus juice and deionized water in mass ratio 1:12 ratio mix, add complex enzyme A at 32 DEG C, enzymolysis 8h under PH6.5, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, when extract being evaporated under vacuum 0.09Mpa 60 DEG C, relative density is the lotion of 1.04, adding relative to the determining alcohol of lotion quality 5 times in lotion is the ethanol of 95%, precipitation 8h, high speed centrifugation obtains aloe polysaccharide precipitation; Precipitating mass ratio with Sevage reagent and aloe polysaccharide is again that 1:3 mixes standing 1-2h, then gets supernatant vacuum drying and obtains aloe polysaccharide; Described complex enzyme A is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be asparagus juice quality 3.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 2.5% of asparagus juice quality.
The preparation method of skunk bush polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get the broken obtained Fructus Corni dry powder of Fructus Corni dried fruit digested tankage, add the distilled water that quality is Fructus Corni dry powder quality 20 times, add complex enzyme B in 30 DEG C, enzymolysis 6h under pH5, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, by extract centrifuging and taking supernatant, being concentrated into volume is that 1/3 of supernatant volume obtains concentrate, to add volume be the determining alcohol of concentrate volume 8 times is the ethanol of 95%, standing 2h is centrifugal, freeze drying, obtains skunk bush polysaccharide; Described complex enzyme B is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be Fructus Corni dry powder quality 4.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 5.5% of Fructus Corni dry powder quality.
Embodiment 2 additive 2
Embodiments provide a kind of low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine containing Chinese medicine, be made up of by weight ratio following raw material: Choline Chloride 3kg, alkali protease 30kg, neutral proteinase 15kg, phytase 13kg, organic microelement chelate 4kg, stachyose 14kg, aloe polysaccharide 15kg, skunk bush polysaccharide 16kg, propolis 9kg and Chinese medicine composition 4kg.
The preparation method of additive is as follows:
Step one: get propolis in proportion, adds the absolute ethyl alcohol relative to propolis quality 10 times, is stirred to and dissolves completely, obtain solution one;
Step 2: get surplus stock in proportion, add deionized water and stirring even mixture, surplus stock and deionized water quality are than being 1:8, mixture is added and carries out spraying granulation after the solution one obtained relative to the talcum powder of mixture gross mass 0.3 times, the microcrystalline cellulose of 0.3 times and step one mixes and obtain particle, by the particle obtained and the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive be mixed to get relative to the starch of granular mass 0.2 times containing Chinese medicine.
Wherein phytase is heat resistant solid phytase, and enzyme is lived as 5000U/g.Enzyme is lived and is defined as: be under the condition of 5.0mmol/L, temperature 37 DEG C, pH value 5.5 in sodium phytate concentration, the phytic acid enzyme amount discharged from phytic acid needed for 1umol Phos per minute.
Wherein Chinese medicine composition is made up of by weight following bulk drug: radix polygonati officinalis 10kg, radix cynanchi atrati 12kg, coix seed 10kg, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 9kg, dandelion 6kg, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 9kg, Fructus Aurantii 12kg, Swertia patens 3kg, buzhaye 15kg and Radix Glycyrrhizae 8kg.
Wherein the preparation method of Chinese medicine composition is:
The first step, mixes in proportion by raw medicinal material each in described Chinese medicine composition, and adding relative to the determining alcohol of mixture quality 4 times is the ethanol of 95%, adds hot reflux 3 hours, extracts, and filters acquisition first extract; Filter the dregs of a decoction obtained to add relative to the determining alcohol of described dregs of a decoction quality 2 times to be again the ethanol of 95%, to add hot reflux 3 hours that acquisition second extract is filtered in extraction; First extract and the second extract are merged, reduced pressure concentration removing alcohol solvent, dry, obtain and get dry extract;
Second step, is placed on the dry cream that the first step obtains in micronizer and pulverizes 2 hours, pulverize, sieve, obtain 400 object micropowders.
Described organic microelement chelate is made up of methionine hydroxy zinc, hydroxy methionine copper and methionine hydroxy manganese, and wherein organic microelement chelate is made up of following raw material: methionine hydroxy zinc 50 parts, hydroxy methionine copper 2 parts and methionine hydroxy manganese 60 parts.
The preparation method of aloe polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get 3 years Fresh leaf of aloe and clean; soak 40min in deionized water, to remove the yellow juice that epidermis oozes out, then cut epidermis; internal layer gel being shredded, obtaining asparagus juice with getting supernatant after refiner homogenate at 4 DEG C of refrigeration 10h; By asparagus juice and deionized water in mass ratio 1:15 ratio mix, add complex enzyme A at 36 DEG C, enzymolysis 5h under PH5.2, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, when extract being evaporated under vacuum 0.06Mpa 50 DEG C, relative density is the lotion of 1.10, adding relative to the determining alcohol of lotion quality 7 times in lotion is the ethanol of 95%, precipitation 8h, high speed centrifugation obtains aloe polysaccharide precipitation; Precipitating mass ratio with Sevage reagent and aloe polysaccharide is again that 1:3 mixes standing 1-2h, then gets supernatant vacuum drying and obtains aloe polysaccharide; Described complex enzyme B is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be asparagus juice quality 3.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 2.5% of asparagus juice quality.
The preparation method of skunk bush polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get the broken obtained Fructus Corni dry powder of Fructus Corni dried fruit digested tankage, add the distilled water that quality is Fructus Corni dry powder quality 15 times, add complex enzyme B in 39 DEG C, enzymolysis 5h under pH6.5, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, by extract centrifuging and taking supernatant, being concentrated into volume is that 1/6 of supernatant volume obtains concentrate, to add volume be the determining alcohol of concentrate volume 6 times is the ethanol of 90%, standing 2h is centrifugal, freeze drying, obtains skunk bush polysaccharide; Described enzyme is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be Fructus Corni dry powder quality 4.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 5.5% of Fructus Corni dry powder quality.
Contrast test:
1 materials and methods
Test is divided into 4 process, and processing 1 group is positive control group (PC), and daily ration level is normal group; Process 2 groups for negative control group (NC), reduce calcium monohydrogen phosphate addition in diet, calcium and available phosphorus level reduce by 25% simultaneously; The additive 1 of embodiment 1 and the additive 2 of embodiment 2 are added in process 3 and process 4 groups respectively on negative control group basis, and experimental design is in Table 1-3.Meat duck 1-14d feeds table 1 daily ration, and 15-25d feeds table 2 daily ration, and 26-41d feeds table 3 daily ration.Diets of different nutrition level is in Table 1-3.
Table 11-14d Basic drawing composition and nutritional labeling (air bells dry basis)
Table 215-25d Basic drawing composition and nutritional labeling (air bells dry basis)
Table 326-41d Basic drawing composition and nutritional labeling (air bells dry basis)
2 experimental animals and grouping
Choose 1260 1 age in days Cherry Village Duckss, be divided into 4 process at random, each process 3 repetition, each repetition 105.
3 results and analysis
3.1 impacts on meat duck growth performance
Table 4 meat duck 1-41 age in days growth performance
| Index | PC | NC | Additive 1 | Additive 2 | PValue |
| Enter young heavy | 58.2±0.4 | 58.2±0.5 | 58.2±0.6 | 58.2±0.5 | 0.9780 |
| 41d body weight (g) | 3111±35.4c | 3095±82.7c | 3292±16.6b | 3318±65.7a | 0.0305 |
| Daily gain (g/d) | 74.5±0.9c | 74.1±2.0c | 78.8±0.5b | 79.5±1.1a | 0.0217 |
| Feed-weight ratio | 1.919±0.015 b | 1.974±0.017 a | 1.802±0.013 c | 1.791±0.011 c | 0.006 |
| Average daily feed intake (g/d) | 143.0±3.3 | 146.2±3.0 | 142.0±2.9 | 142.4±1.5 | 0.3674 |
| Survival rate (%) | 98.1±1.1 | 97.6±2.5 | 99.2±1.0 | 99.2±1.1 | 0.8998 |
Note: normal data, represents difference not significantly (P > 0.05) with shoulder note same letter, and the different alphabetical person of shoulder note represents significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 4, compared with positive control group, negative control group reduce by 5% improve the full phase feed-weight ratio of meat duck (
p<0.05), add and on this basis additive all can significantly improve meat duck feed-weight ratio (
p<0.05).
3.2 Slaughter
Table 5 Slaughter
| Daily ration process | Trunk yield % | Brisket rate % | Leg is rate % heavily | Neck skin rate % | Leaf fat rate % |
| PC | 71.22±3.69 | 12.08±0.57 | 14.94±0.86 | 3.91±0.22 | 1.08±0.15 |
| NC | 71.04±1.60 | 11.90±0.6 | 15.04±0.62 | 3.84±0.22 | 1.07±0.03 |
| Additive 1 | 70.21±1.53 | 11.80±0.49 | 14.96±0.61 | 3.86±0.1 | 1.06±0.08 |
| Additive 2 | 69.95±0.25 | 11.52±0.46 | 14.90±0.42 | 3.89±0.2 | 1.03±0.04 |
| PValue | 0.5613 | 0.5241 | 0.8025 | 0.9107 | 0.5029 |
As shown in Table 5, between each processed group meat duck trunk yield, brisket rate, leg heavily rate, neck skin rate, leaf fat rate difference are not remarkable.
3.3 economic benefit
As shown in Table 6, according to meat duck input-output ratio, negative control group meat duck weightening finish feed cost raises, every duck income reduces, after adding additive, meat duck weightening finish feed cost reduces, income raises, and wherein interpolation additive 2 groups of meat duck incomes are the highest, improve 0.14 yuan, 0.38 yuan respectively than positive control group and negative control group every duck income.
Table 6 economic benefit
The additive adding embodiment of the present invention 1-2 in meat duck low-calcium and phosphorus diet can improve meat duck feed-weight ratio, increases meat duck income.
3.4 meat duck alcium and phosphor metabolizations and the excretion of nitrogen phosphorus
As shown in Table 7, between each processed group in shin bone ash content and phosphorus the content difference that there are no significant (
p>0.05), the content reducing calcium in calcium phosphorus horizontal ossa tibiale posterius have the trend of reduction (
p>0.05).Compared with process 1 group, the utilization rate processing nitrogen and phosphorus in 2-4 group meat duck diet significantly improves (
p<0.05), and process 3-4 group than process 2 groups of nitrogen and phosphorus utilization high.In diet calcium phosphorus level reduce significantly reduce meat duck nitrogen phosphorus excretion (
p<0.05).
Table 7 meat duck alcium and phosphor metabolization and the excretion of nitrogen phosphorus
Note: normal data, represents difference not significantly (P > 0.05) with shoulder note same letter, and the different alphabetical person of shoulder note represents significant difference (P<0.05).
The feed of the additive 1 and additive 2 that with the addition of the embodiment of the present invention can improve meat duck N,P use efficiency, reduces nitrogen phosphorus excretion in ight soil, alleviates the pollution to environment.
Table 8 is on the impact of meat duck trace element discharge
Note: normal data, represents difference not significantly (P > 0.05) with shoulder note same letter, and the different alphabetical person of shoulder note represents significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 8, compared with process 1 group, process 2 groups of meat ducks and significantly raise manganese, zinc Apparent Availability, the excretion of manganese, zinc, copper decreases, but difference is not remarkable; Process 3-4 group meat duck is significantly increased to manganese, zinc, copper Apparent Availability, and the excretion of manganese, zinc, copper significantly reduces; Compared with process 1 group, process 3 groups of organic micro-ore deposit group manganese, zinc, copper bar discharges and reduce by 37.94%, 31.83%, 33.33% respectively; Compared with process 1 group, process 4 groups of organic micro-ore deposit group manganese, zinc, copper bar discharges and reduce by 40.69%, 31.97%, 37.78% respectively.
Protease preparation is then one joint grain, the environment-friendly feed additive of Recent study and exploitation.The most direct effect of protease improves the bioavailability of feed nutrient, save feed-use grain, decompose simultaneously and destroy the ANFs in feed, what expand feedstuff utilizes scope, reduce the discharge of nitrogen, phosphorus in animal fecaluria, thus reduce the pollution to environment from source.Phytase has the effect of Hydrolysis of Phytic Acid Phosphurus release phosphorus, can reduce the chelation of phytic acid to the material such as protein and intestinal protease simultaneously, thus improves body to protein and amino acid whose utilization rate, reduces the excretion of nitrogen, phosphorus in the cultivation of meat duck.Additive of the present invention, by reasonably formula and proportioning adjustment, does not have a negative impact to meat duck growth performance; Feed-weight ratio can also be improved; Improve protein resource utilization rate, increase economic well-being of workers and staff, reduce the excretion of nitrogen; The Apparent Availability of meat duck manganese, zinc, copper can be improved, reduce the excretion of manganese, zinc, copper.Effectively can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, reduce the excretion of nitrogen phosphorus in ight soil, alleviate the pollution to environment.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine, it is characterized in that, described additive is made up of following raw material: Choline Chloride, alkali protease, neutral proteinase, phytase, organic microelement chelate, stachyose, aloe polysaccharide, skunk bush polysaccharide, propolis and Chinese medicine composition.
2. the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described additive is made up of following raw materials by weight portion proportioning: Choline Chloride 0.5-3 part, alkali protease 25-30 part, neutral proteinase 15-20 part, phytase 13-18 part, organic microelement chelate 4-5 part, stachyose 8-14 part, aloe polysaccharide 10-15 part, skunk bush polysaccharide 16-20 part, propolis 6-9 part and Chinese medicine composition 4-8 part.
3. the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described additive is made up of following raw materials by weight portion proportioning: Choline Chloride 3 parts, alkali protease 30 parts, neutral proteinase 15 parts, phytase 13 parts, organic microelement chelate 4 parts, stachyose 14 parts, aloe polysaccharide 15 parts, skunk bush polysaccharide 16 parts, propolis 9 parts and Chinese medicine composition 4 parts.
4., according to the arbitrary described low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described phytase is liquid phytase or heat resistant solid phytase, and enzyme is lived as 5000U/g.
5. according to the arbitrary described low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine composition is made up of following bulk drug: radix polygonati officinalis, radix cynanchi atrati, coix seed, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, dandelion, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, Fructus Aurantii, Swertia patens, buzhaye and Radix Glycyrrhizae.
6. according to the arbitrary described low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described Chinese medicine composition is become by following raw material medicaments in part by weight array: radix polygonati officinalis 5-10 part, radix cynanchi atrati 8-12 part, coix seed 10-16 part, Fructus Hordei Germinatus 9-15 part, dandelion 6-13 part, fruit of Chinese magnoliavine 4-9 part, Fructus Aurantii 7-12 part, Swertia patens 3-9 part, buzhaye 9-15 part and Radix Glycyrrhizae 8-16 part.
7. according to the arbitrary described low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, described organic microelement chelate is made up of methionine hydroxy zinc, hydroxy methionine copper and methionine hydroxy manganese, and/or described organic microelement chelate is made up of following raw material: methionine hydroxy zinc 20-50 part, hydroxy methionine copper 2-5 part and methionine hydroxy manganese 30-60 part.
8. according to the arbitrary described low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine of claim 1-7; it is characterized in that; the preparation method of described aloe polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get 2-3 Fresh leaf of aloe and clean; soak 20-40min in deionized water; to remove the yellow juice that epidermis oozes out; then cutting epidermis, internal layer gel is shredded, obtaining asparagus juice with getting supernatant after refiner homogenate at 4 DEG C of refrigeration 8-10h; By asparagus juice and deionized water in mass ratio 1:12-15 ratio mix, add complex enzyme A at 32-36 DEG C, enzymolysis 5-8h under PH5.2-6.5, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, when extract being evaporated under vacuum 0.06 ~ 0.09Mpa 50 ~ 60 DEG C, relative density is the lotion of 1.04 ~ 1.10, adding relative to lotion quality 5-7 determining alcohol doubly in lotion is the ethanol of 95%, precipitation 8h, high speed centrifugation obtains aloe polysaccharide precipitation; Precipitating mass ratio with Sevage reagent and aloe polysaccharide is again that 1:3 mixes standing 1-2h, then gets supernatant vacuum drying and obtains aloe polysaccharide; Described complex enzyme A is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be asparagus juice quality 3.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 2.5% of asparagus juice quality.
9. according to the arbitrary described low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described skunk bush polysaccharide comprises the following steps: get the broken obtained Fructus Corni dry powder of Fructus Corni dried fruit digested tankage, add the distilled water that quality is Fructus Corni dry powder quality 15 ~ 20 times, add complex enzyme B in 30-39 DEG C, enzymolysis 5h-6h under pH5-6.5, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis terminates obtains extract, by extract centrifuging and taking supernatant, being concentrated into volume is that 1/3 ~ 1/6 of supernatant volume obtains concentrate, to add volume be the determining alcohol of concentrate volume 6 ~ 8 times is the ethanol of 90% ~ 95%, leave standstill 2h centrifugal, freeze drying, obtain skunk bush polysaccharide, described complex enzyme B is the complex enzyme of acidic xylanase and 1,4 beta-glucanase composition, acidic xylanase quality consumption be Fructus Corni dry powder quality 4.0%, 1,4 beta-glucanase quality consumption is 5.5% of Fructus Corni dry powder quality.
10., according to a preparation method for the arbitrary described low emission fleshy duck fodder additive containing Chinese medicine of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step one: get described propolis in proportion, adds the absolute ethyl alcohol relative to propolis quality 10 times, is stirred to and dissolves completely, obtain solution one;
Step 2: get the described raw material of residue in proportion, add deionized water and stirring even mixture, remain described raw material with deionized water quality than being 1:8, mixture is added and carries out spraying granulation after the solution one obtained relative to the talcum powder of mixture gross mass 0.1 ~ 0.3 times, the microcrystalline cellulose of 0.1 ~ 0.3 times and step one mixes and obtain particle, by the particle obtained and the low emission fleshy duck fodder additive be mixed to get relative to the starch of granular mass 0.2 ~ 0.3 times containing Chinese medicine.
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Application publication date: 20151223 |