CN105165342A - Peanut plastic-film mulching cultivation method - Google Patents
Peanut plastic-film mulching cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105165342A CN105165342A CN201510568013.3A CN201510568013A CN105165342A CN 105165342 A CN105165342 A CN 105165342A CN 201510568013 A CN201510568013 A CN 201510568013A CN 105165342 A CN105165342 A CN 105165342A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
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Abstract
The invention provides a peanut plastic-film mulching cultivation method and relates to the technical field of peanut cultivation. The method comprises the steps that 1, soil is improved to be a matrix suitable for peanut growth; 2, ridges are formed on the improved soil, nourishing liquid is sprayed onto the sides of each ridge to improve the soil, then the sides of each ridge are completely covered with films, nitrogen is pumped into the films continuously, the films are removed after more than three hours, and then hole sowing is conducted, wherein the sides of each ridge are 75 cm wide, and each ridge is 10 cm high; 3, double-row plantation is adopted, sandy compound soil is placed in holes after sowing, and then film mulching is conducted, wherein row spacing is 35-45 cm, and two seeds are sown in each hole; 4, routine management is conducted after seedlings come out. By the adoption of the method, the ploughing soil can be improved so that the soil can contain more nutrient substances, pest repelling and killing effects are realized, and peanuts cultivated through film mulching can be prevented from being damaged by pests; meanwhile, the sandy compound soil adopted in the cultivation method enables peanut seedlings to come out easily, the number of fruits on each plant can be increased, the weight of fruits can be increased, and product quality can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of peanut cultivation, particularly relate to one and to cultivate peanut film-mulching cultivation method.
Background technology
Peanut fruit contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin K, and the nutrient component such as mineral calcium, phosphorus, iron, amino acid containing 8 kinds of needed by human body and unsaturated fatty acid, containing materials such as lecithin, choline, Hu Huasheng element, raw fiber.Fat content is 44%-45%, and protein content is 24-36%, and sugar content is about 20%.Containing abundant vitamin B2, PP, A, D, E, calcium and iron etc.And containing multivitamins such as thiamine, vitamin b3, niacins.There is the brain cell development promoting people, strengthen the effect of memory.
The height of the nutritive value of peanut, even some animal foods being called as senior nutrition, as egg, milk, meat etc., also candidly acknowledges one's inferiority before groundnut bran.The quantity of heat production of peanut is higher than meat, higher than milk by 20%, higher than egg by 40%.Other are as protein, core egg element, calcium, phosphorus, and iron etc. be all also height than milk, meat, egg.Also containing the various vitamin such as A, B, E, K in peanut, and lecithin, Argine Monohydrochloride, choline and oleic acid, peanut acid, fatty acid, palmitic acid etc.
Because peanut nutrition enriches, and applicable many people eats, and the food in peanut is varied, each have their own characteristic.In recent years along with the continuous improvement of working condition and the raising day by day of culture technique level, peanut yield level improves constantly.And more and more distinct issues are, the problem of soil suitability.The soil that optimum is cultivated peanut is the sandy loam of higher, the micro-slant acidity of fertility (pH with 6.0 to 6.5 as well).This soil permeability is good, and Peanut Root System is flourishing, and dross is many; Soil degree of tightness is suitable for, and be conducive to shell development, peanut shell is bright and clean, and fruit shape is large, and quality is good, and commodity value is high.But because a lot of local soil does not meet above-mentioned requirements, and make the output of cultivation peanut not high, the peanut quality of output is also bad, makes the development of peanut cultivation industry be restricted.
Summary of the invention
One is the object of the present invention is to provide to cultivate peanut film-mulching cultivation method, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
One cultivates peanut film-mulching cultivation method, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) improveing loam is the matrix being suitable for peanut growth, dig rotary tillage time, fine sand is admixed in soil, the mixture of coal dust and Wheat Straw, fine sand, coal dust and Wheat Straw press the weight ratio mixing of 1:0.3:0.5, every mu of ground applies fine sand, the mixture 250kg of coal dust and Wheat Straw, apply at twice, each half amount, the mixture of half amount is evenly sprinkling upon soil surface by first time, then by Soil tillage, more than ploughing depth 30cm, then the soil surface second time after turning over spreads the mixture of remaining half amount, with rotovator, soil is smashed and grade afterwards,
(2) soil after improvement builds ridge, ridge face width 75cm, ridge height 10cm, sprays nourishing liquid and improves soil, use nourishing liquid 25kg for every mu to face, ridge; After spraying nourishing liquid, use film to be covered completely in face, ridge, film side, along being embedded under soil, continuing to pump into nitrogen, the nitrogen temperature pumped into 39.5 DEG C, makes to be full of nitrogen in film, and keep more than 3 hours, opened by film, open bunch planting kind in film;
(3) adopt duplicate rows plantation, line-spacing 35-45cm, 15cm is respectively stayed in both sides, face, ridge; Thickness of sowing is every mu of 8500 caves, and every bunch planting kind 2 seeds, after planting cover sandy composite earth in cave, and the thickness that sandy composite earth covers is 3cm, overlay film, and sandy compound soil's water content is 70%;
(4) after emerging, Routine Management;
Described nourishing liquid is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: 4 parts, sophora flower, betel nut 7 parts, sweet wormwood 5 parts, tobacco 3 parts, kuh-seng 5 parts, realgar 3 parts, the coptis 3 parts, tarragon 4 parts, Changshan 3 parts, rhizoma zingiberis 5 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 5 parts, loguat leaf 2 parts,
Above each component mixture in proportion, adds water 300 parts, decocts 20min, crosses its decoction liquor of leaching, is concentrated into 75 parts, obtains nourishing liquid;
Nourishing liquid can carry out sterilizing expelling parasite to soil, and softening Wheat Straw, the effective ingredient of nourishing liquid can immerse Wheat Straw, and Wheat Straw, as the carrier of nourishing liquid effective ingredient, can make nourishing liquid long-term role.
Overlay film pours nitrogen, and upper soll layer is in the environment of nitrogen encirclement, can eliminate major part produces harm microorganism to peanut seedling.
Described sandy composite earth is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: 35 parts, mud dry powder at the bottom of 25 parts, sawdust, soybean curb residue 15 parts, fine sand 15 parts, azedarach 3.5 parts, tarragon 4 parts, calamus 4 parts, pond,
Be ground into powder after getting above-mentioned azedarach 3.5 parts, tarragon 4 parts, calamus 4 parts mixing, then mix with 35 parts, mud dry powder at the bottom of 25 parts, sawdust, soybean curb residue 15 parts, fine sand 15 parts, pond, place in loading bag and can use for 1-2 days.
The soybean curb residue contained in sandy composite earth was through the corruption of 1-2 days, and viscosity increases, and other comparatively loose component can be combined, increase sandy composite earth cohesive, increase particle, improve moisture capacity, along with soybean curb residue is decomposed by the microorganisms gradually, sandy composite earth can become more and more looser, and moisture capacity reduces, and gas permeability increases, now peanut seedling is taken root downwards, can obtain enough moisture content, the sandy composite earth gas permeability in upper strata increases, and is more conducive to peanut seedling growth.The composition of azedarach, tarragon, calamus then plays anthelmintic action at the initial stage of Germinating Peanut Seeds.
It is 5-8m that described Wheat Straw is ground into length, and Wheat Straw has hollow structure, and fiber content is high, is blended in soil after pulverizing, can improve the permeability of soil with fine sand coupling, and the microorganism that can be in soil with coal dust coupling provides carbon and nitrogen sources.
Mud dry powder at the bottom of described pond is the fish pond bottom sludge selecting accumulation more than 2 years, containing abundant humus, mix with agricultural residues powder, animal wastes after mud goes out the pool, be then deposited in retting more than 15 days in fermentation vat, need during stack retting to turn over to macerate 2-3 time, then dry, pulverize and obtain.
Said method can improve gas porosity and the gas permeability of soil, increase the ability of soil water-retaining, draining simultaneously, through checking, it is more loose that the method can make that viscosity is large, the loam of cubsoil consolidation becomes, be beneficial to that peanut is taken root, result, significantly can increase every fruiting quantities of strain peanut seedling and the weight of fruit, improve output more than 15%, and the peanut fruit of output be best in quality.
In Shang Kai cave, ridge, in cave after planting, adopt sandy composite earth to be covered in cave, after peanut seedling is sprouted, the sandy composite earth in cave and cave forms water conservation, ventilative peanut seedling growing element, original cave has good ponding effect, sandy composite earth good permeability in cave, is placed in cave, existing good air capacity of soils, good water retention property can be obtained again, be beneficial to the growth of peanut seedling.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention not only can improve arable soil, make it have comparatively comprehensively nutrition, also there is the effect of expelling parasite, desinsection, the harm of peanut from insect of plastic-film-covered cultivation can be made, the sandy composite earth that this cultivation method uses simultaneously is beneficial to peanut and sprouts seedling, the quantity of per plant can be increased, and increase megalocarpous weight, improve product quality.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further, but following embodiment being only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all.Based on the embodiment in embodiment, those skilled in the art under the prerequisite not making creative work obtain other embodiment, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of nourishing liquid for peanut film-mulching cultivation, be prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: 4 parts, sophora flower, betel nut 7 parts, sweet wormwood 5 parts, tobacco 3 parts, kuh-seng 5 parts, realgar 3 parts, the coptis 3 parts, tarragon 4 parts, Changshan 3 parts, rhizoma zingiberis 5 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 5 parts, loguat leaf 2 parts
Above each component mixture in proportion, adds water 300 parts, decocts 20min, crosses its decoction liquor of leaching, is concentrated into 75 parts, obtains nourishing liquid;
For a sandy composite earth for peanut film-mulching cultivation, be prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: 35 parts, mud dry powder at the bottom of 25 parts, sawdust, soybean curb residue 15 parts, fine sand 15 parts, azedarach 3.5 parts, tarragon 4 parts, calamus 4 parts, pond,
Be ground into powder after getting above-mentioned azedarach 3.5 parts, tarragon 4 parts, calamus 4 parts mixing, then mix with 35 parts, mud dry powder at the bottom of 25 parts, sawdust, soybean curb residue 15 parts, fine sand 15 parts, pond, place in loading bag and can use for 1-2 days.
One cultivates peanut film-mulching cultivation method, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) improveing loam is the matrix being suitable for peanut growth, dig rotary tillage time, fine sand is admixed in soil, the mixture of coal dust and Wheat Straw, fine sand, coal dust and Wheat Straw press the weight ratio mixing of 1:0.3:0.5, every mu of ground applies fine sand, the mixture 250kg of coal dust and Wheat Straw, apply at twice, each half amount, the mixture of half amount is evenly sprinkling upon soil surface by first time, then by Soil tillage, more than ploughing depth 30cm, then the soil surface second time after turning over spreads the mixture of remaining half amount, with rotovator, soil is smashed and grade afterwards,
(2) soil after improvement builds ridge, ridge face width 75cm, ridge height 10cm, sprays nourishing liquid and improves soil, use nourishing liquid 25kg for every mu to face, ridge; After spraying nourishing liquid, use film to be covered completely in face, ridge, film side, along being embedded under soil, continuing to pump into nitrogen, the nitrogen temperature pumped into 39.5 DEG C, makes to be full of nitrogen in film, and keep more than 3 hours, opened by film, open bunch planting kind in film;
(3) adopt duplicate rows plantation, line-spacing 35-45cm, 15cm is respectively stayed in both sides, face, ridge; Thickness of sowing is every mu of 8500 caves, and every bunch planting kind 2 seeds, after planting cover sandy composite earth in cave, and the thickness that sandy composite earth covers is 3cm, overlay film, and sandy compound soil's water content is 70%;
(4) after emerging, Routine Management.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification is only preference of the present invention; be not used for limiting the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. one to cultivate peanut film-mulching cultivation method, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) improveing loam is the matrix being suitable for peanut growth, dig rotary tillage time, fine sand is admixed in soil, the mixture of coal dust and Wheat Straw, fine sand, coal dust and Wheat Straw press the weight ratio mixing of 1:0.3:0.5, every mu of ground applies fine sand, the mixture 250kg of coal dust and Wheat Straw, apply at twice, each half amount, the mixture of half amount is evenly sprinkling upon soil surface by first time, then by Soil tillage, more than ploughing depth 30cm, then the soil surface second time after turning over spreads the mixture of remaining half amount, with rotovator, soil is smashed and grade afterwards,
(2) soil after improvement builds ridge, ridge face width 75cm, ridge height 10cm, sprays nourishing liquid and improves soil, use nourishing liquid 25kg for every mu to face, ridge; After spraying nourishing liquid, use film to be covered completely in face, ridge, film side, along being embedded under soil, continuing to pump into nitrogen, the nitrogen temperature pumped into 39.5 DEG C, makes to be full of nitrogen in film, and keep more than 3 hours, opened by film, open bunch planting kind in film;
(3) adopt duplicate rows plantation, line-spacing 35-45cm, 15cm is respectively stayed in both sides, face, ridge; Thickness of sowing is every mu of 8500 caves, and every bunch planting kind 2 seeds, after planting cover sandy composite earth in cave, and the thickness that sandy composite earth covers is 3cm, overlay film, and sandy compound soil's water content is 70%;
(4) after emerging, Routine Management;
Described nourishing liquid is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: 4 parts, sophora flower, betel nut 7 parts, sweet wormwood 5 parts, tobacco 3 parts, kuh-seng 5 parts, realgar 3 parts, the coptis 3 parts, tarragon 4 parts, Changshan 3 parts, rhizoma zingiberis 5 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 5 parts, loguat leaf 2 parts,
Above each component mixture in proportion, adds water 300 parts, decocts 20min, crosses its decoction liquor of leaching, is concentrated into 75 parts, obtains nourishing liquid;
Described sandy composite earth is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: 35 parts, mud dry powder at the bottom of 25 parts, sawdust, soybean curb residue 15 parts, fine sand 15 parts, azedarach 3.5 parts, tarragon 4 parts, calamus 4 parts, pond,
Be ground into powder after getting above-mentioned azedarach 3.5 parts, tarragon 4 parts, calamus 4 parts mixing, then mix with 35 parts, mud dry powder at the bottom of 25 parts, sawdust, soybean curb residue 15 parts, fine sand 15 parts, pond, place in loading bag and can use for 1-2 days.
2. peanut film-mulching cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: mud dry powder at the bottom of described pond is the fish pond bottom sludge selecting accumulation more than 2 years, containing abundant humus, mix with agricultural residues powder, animal wastes after mud goes out the pool, then retting more than 15 days in fermentation vat is deposited in, need during stack retting to turn over to macerate 2-3 time, then dry, pulverize and obtain.
3. peanut film-mulching cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is 5-8m that described Wheat Straw is ground into length.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510568013.3A CN105165342A (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Peanut plastic-film mulching cultivation method |
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| CN201510568013.3A CN105165342A (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Peanut plastic-film mulching cultivation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613293A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-05-10 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Autumn film mulching planting method of spring peanuts |
| CN110024652A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | A kind of collection rain drought resisting formula peanut cultivation method |
-
2015
- 2015-09-08 CN CN201510568013.3A patent/CN105165342A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613293A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-05-10 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Autumn film mulching planting method of spring peanuts |
| CN110024652A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | A kind of collection rain drought resisting formula peanut cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20151223 |