CN105146140A - Artificial compound feed for preventing and treating haemorrhage of Japanese flounders - Google Patents
Artificial compound feed for preventing and treating haemorrhage of Japanese flounders Download PDFInfo
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- CN105146140A CN105146140A CN201510484916.3A CN201510484916A CN105146140A CN 105146140 A CN105146140 A CN 105146140A CN 201510484916 A CN201510484916 A CN 201510484916A CN 105146140 A CN105146140 A CN 105146140A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial compound feed for preventing and treating the haemorrhage of Japanese flounders. The artificial compound feed is prepared by mixing the following components in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of fish meal, 15-25 parts of chlorella powder, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 15-20 parts of shrimp powder, 5-8 parts of egg powder, 15-20 parts of feed yeast, 10-15 parts of flour, 4-6 parts of soybean oil, 1-2 parts of composite vitamins, 1-2 parts of composite mineral substances, 1-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3-0.6 part of choline chloride and 7-12 parts of bleeding disease resistant compositions. The artificial compound feed disclosed by the invention is balanced in nutrition and high in nutrient value, requirements of the Japanese flounder for nutrition in the growth process can be met, the palatability is good, and besides, the compound feed can prevent and treat the haemorrhage, is good in preventing and treating effect, and is not liable to generate drug resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Feed Production Technology field, particularly a kind of artifical compound feed preventing and treating lefteye flounder hemorrhage.
Background technology
Lefteye flounder, Osteichthyes, Bothidae.Lefteye flounder is commonly called as tooth sheet in China, step, flatfish, flat order, Zuo Kou, circle blink, bottle, flatfish, flatfish, tooth sole, high eye, flounder etc., also known as " turbot ".Being famous and precious seafood fish, is again one of important marine culture and stock enhancement fish.Lefteye flounder occupies certain status in the fishery history of China, but nearly 20-30, due to overfishing and environmental pollution, cause natural resources significantly to decline, occurred imbalance between supply and demand, impel people to move towards to cultivate road.Rapidly, individual very large, high to efficiency of feed utilization, marketable fish dressing percentage is high, and fine and tender taste is delicious, and nutritious, market value is high, deeply likes by consumers in general in lefteye flounder growth, is an excellent highly effective sea-water aquaculture kind.At present, lefteye flounder is one of Treatment of Major Marine Cultured Fishes of the Northern Coastal Provinces such as Shandong, Liaoning, Hebei, because lefteye flounder is large in southern market sales volume, the Southern Coast areas such as Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, also the fresh cultivation of interim tooth and artificial breeding is carried out during the water temperature utilizing be suitable for autumn to spring, place with good conditionsi also utilizes underground sea water and deep sea water to aestivate to carry out the cultivation whole year, obtains good economic benefit.
Feed is the matter energy basis ensureing fish normal growth, and the quality of the ratio of feed nutrient, the proterties of feed, physical qualities directly affects the speed of fish growth.The Different growing environment of fish, Different growth phases, different health status are different to the requirement of feed, and culturist should be real according to production
Border situation, adjusts feed in time, changes and just can obtain better economic benefit.
The feed of lefteye flounder has the fresh material of micro-granulated feed, hard pellet diet, expanded pellet feed, soft pellet diet, iced trash fish, powder feed etc. multiple.The bait major part of lefteye flounder cultivation remains fresh or freezing low-value small fish of directly throwing something and feeding, but also rubbing adult fish slurry is thrown something and fed, this not only causes the huge waste of protein sources, feeding cost is higher, and serious environment pollution, propagate disease, the freezing small fish feed of Long-Time Service also easily causes the problems such as fatty liver, sex premature, body colour desalination, meat taste difference.Another part breeding way is the man-made feeds adopting high animal protein content, this kind of feed is compared with low-value small fish (shrimp), although all have a clear superiority in many-sides such as minimizing environmental pollution, raising feed nutritive values, but the price of high-quality animal protein source feedstuff (taking fish meal as representative) rises steadily in recent years, in order to make the cost control of lefteye flounder feed formula in the acceptable scope in market, most Feed Enterprise have selected cheap vegetable raw material as forage protein source.But practice shows, when the whole or most of employing vegetable raw material in forage protein source, there is the consequences such as obvious growth slows down, survival rate reduction in lefteye flounder.
Lefteye flounder cultivation is along with reasons such as breeding density constantly increase, and lefteye flounder disease is also on the rise.See according to fish clinic case, lefteye flounder hemorrhage endangers one of serious disease.Conventional strategy is all adopt antibiotic or chemical agent, adopts chemicals to prevent and treat hemorrhage, easily causes the appearance of anti-medicine cause of disease, and make treatment more difficult.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artifical compound feed preventing and treating lefteye flounder hemorrhage, balanced in nutrition, be of high nutritive value, can meet lefteye flounder demand to nutrition in growth course, palatability is good, can prevent and treat hemorrhage simultaneously, prevention effect is good, not easily develops immunity to drugs.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Prevent and treat an artifical compound feed for lefteye flounder hemorrhage, by weight, described artifical compound feed is mixed by following component: fish meal 30-45 part, chlorella powder 15-25 part, dregs of beans 10-15 part, shrimp med 15-20 part, powdered egg 5-8 part, fodder yeast 15-20 part, flour 10-15 part, soybean oil 4-6 part, B B-complex 1-2 part, composite mineral matter 1-2 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 part, Choline Chloride 0.3-0.6 part, anti-hemorrhage composition 7-12 part.
The composition of control lefteye flounder hemorrhage and basal feed are arranged in pairs or groups by the present invention, make the artifical compound feed of control lefteye flounder hemorrhage, at lefteye flounder hemorrhage onset peak period, replace conventional feed to use, can effectively prevent and treat lefteye flounder hemorrhage.For the physiological property in lefteye flounder hemorrhage period, the proportioning of the present invention to feed is improved, to be more suitable for the nutritional need in lefteye flounder hemorrhage period.
Powdered egg contains functional Yolk antibody, Yolk antibody stable chemical nature, high specificity, green safety.For cultivated animals lefteye flounder, can intestinal absorption ability be improved, improve intestinal barrier function.For feed itself, improve other nutritional labeling and absorb, reduce harmful substance and enter liver.Add powdered egg in feed, be more suitable for the demand in lefteye flounder hemorrhage period, can accelerate to recover.For the raising of lefteye flounder, in the present invention's formula, specially add chlorella powder.
As preferably, described anti-hemorrhage composition is mixed by following component by weight: rheum officinale 5-10 part, Radix Astragali 15-25 part, radix bupleuri 15-20 part, cordate houttuynia 15-25 part, folium isatidis 25-35 part, Chinese violet 25-35 part, Chinese bulbul 15-25 part, polygonum flaccidum 10-15 part, spirulina extract 25-35 part, Chinese yew 10-15 part.
Inventor, for the characteristic of lefteye flounder, through years of researches and adjustment, have developed the anti-hemorrhage composition of lefteye flounder evident in efficacy.Each composition is reasonably combined, works in coordination with and plays a role, can effectively prevent and treat lefteye flounder hemorrhage.Employ the compositions such as Chinese yew, spirulina extract, Chinese violet specially.The Chinese bulbul have clearing heat and detoxicating, remove heat from the blood and relieve diarrhea, effect of removing dampness and destroying parasites, there is very high medical value.Chinese yew have clearing heat and detoxicating, food digesting stomach fortifying, protection respiratory system and digestive system, antibacterial, antiviral, prevent the effects such as intestinal bleeding, contribute to improving lefteye flounder self premunition and immunity.Spirulina extract has bacteriostatic activity well, and antioxygenic property is good, and spirulina extract can improve the immunocompetence of lefteye flounder, promote cellular immunity, good to hemorrhage prevention effect, in addition, spirulina extract can also bring abundant plant protein nutrition, strengthens the nutritive value of feed.Spirulina extract all comes from the active material extracted in natural plants, and security is good.Radix Astragali energy enhanced machine body immunity function, protect the liver, diuresis, anti-ageing, resisting stress, step-down and antibacterial action more widely.Folium isatidis is clearing heat and detoxicating, blood cooling and ecchymoses removing.Chinese violet calls wild violet, light lobe violet etc., has clearing heat and detoxicating, effect of cool blood detumescence, hemostasis.Cordate houttuynia is clearing heat and detoxicating, sore, promoting urination and removing dampness, clearing away heat to cure dysentery, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting are treated in detumescence, by the lung carbuncle, sore swollen toxin, hemorrhoidal hemorrhage, retention of heat in the spleen and stomach etc. of controlling real heat, heat poison, damp evil, disease heat are trouble, modern pharmacology experiment shows, cordate houttuynia has antibacterial, antiviral, effect such as raising immunity of organisms, diuresis etc.Polygonum flaccidum has expelling wind and removing dampness, blood stasis removing analgesic, removing toxicity for detumescence, effect of killing parasites to relieve itshing.
As preferably, described Chinese yew is that Taxus leaf and japanese yew fruit mix according to the weight ratio of 3-5:1.
As preferably, the preparation method of described spirulina extract is as follows: by spirulina freeze drying, pulverize to obtain algae powder, algae powder is mixed according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10ml with the ethanolic solution of mass concentration 90%, maintain the temperature at 55-60 DEG C, extract 1-3 hour to obtain extract under stirring condition, then ultrasonic power is ultrasonic process 20-25min under 450-500w, filtering and impurity removing, the 30-50% that filter vacuum is evaporated to original volume obtains spirulina extract.By spirulina extract prepared by method of the present invention, action effect is good.
As preferably, described B B-complex is mixed by following composition by weight: V
a10-15 part, V
b130-40 part, V
b210-20 part, V
b630-50 part, V
b1210-15 part, V
e150-200 part, V
c250-400 part, folic acid 20-30 part, niacinamide 20-30 part, calcium pantothenate 25-35 part, biotin 10-15 part, inositol 30-45 part.Controlling composition and the content of each composition of vitamin, is the particular design for bar lefteye flounder, and comprehensive nutrition collocation rationally, can strengthen the reproductive capacity of lefteye flounder, viability and immunity.
As preferably, described composite mineral matter is mixed by following composition by weight: copper sulphate 5-8 part, manganese sulfate 15-25 part, cobalt chloride 30-50 part, sodium selenite 10-15 part, calcium iodate 40-45 part, magnesium sulfate 150-200 part, ferrous sulfate 80-100 part, zinc sulfate 100-150 part.Controlling composition and the content of each composition of mineral matter, is the particular design for lefteye flounder, and comprehensive nutrition collocation rationally, can strengthen the reproductive capacity of lefteye flounder, viability and immunity.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: balanced in nutrition, be of high nutritive value, can meet lefteye flounder demand to nutrition in growth course, palatability is good, and can prevent and treat hemorrhage, prevention effect is good, not easily develops immunity to drugs simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
In the present invention, if not refer in particular to, the raw material adopted and equipment etc. all can be buied from market or this area is conventional.Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the conventional method of this area.
Fish meal, chlorella powder, dregs of beans, shrimp med, powdered egg, fodder yeast etc. are commercially available prod.
Embodiment 1:
Prevent and treat an artifical compound feed for lefteye flounder hemorrhage, by weight, described artifical compound feed is mixed by following component: fish meal 30 parts, chlorella powder 25 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, shrimp med 20 parts, powdered egg 8 parts, fodder yeast 20 parts, 15 parts, flour, soybean oil 6 parts, B B-complex 1 part, composite mineral matter 1 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 part, Choline Chloride 0.3 part, anti-hemorrhage composition 7 parts.
Described anti-hemorrhage composition is mixed by following component by weight: rheum officinale 5 parts, the Radix Astragali 15 parts, radix bupleuri 15 parts, cordate houttuynia 25 parts, folium isatidis 25 parts, Chinese violet 25 parts, the Chinese bulbul 25 parts, polygonum flaccidum 10 parts, spirulina extract 25 parts, Chinese yew 10 parts.Described Chinese yew is that the fresh leaf of Chinese yew and japanese yew fruit mix according to the weight ratio of 3:1.
The preparation method of described spirulina extract is as follows: by spirulina freeze drying, pulverize to obtain algae powder, algae powder is mixed according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10ml with the ethanolic solution of mass concentration 90%, maintain the temperature at 55 DEG C, extract is extracted 3 hours to obtain under stirring condition, then ultrasonic power is ultrasonic process 25min under 450w, filtering and impurity removing, and filter vacuum is evaporated to 30% of original volume and obtains spirulina extract.
Described B B-complex is mixed by following composition by weight: V
a10 parts, V
b130-40 part, V
b210 parts, V
b630 parts, V
b1210 parts, V
e150 parts, V
c250 parts, 20 parts, folic acid, niacinamide 20 parts, calcium pantothenate 25 parts, biotin 10 parts, inositol 30 parts.
Described composite mineral matter is mixed by following composition by weight: 5 parts, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate 15 parts, cobalt chloride 30 parts, sodium selenite 10 parts, calcium iodate 40 parts, 150 parts, magnesium sulfate, 80 parts, ferrous sulfate, 100 parts, zinc sulfate.
Embodiment 2:
Prevent and treat an artifical compound feed for lefteye flounder hemorrhage, by weight, described artifical compound feed is mixed by following component: fish meal 45 parts, chlorella powder 15 parts, dregs of beans 10 parts, shrimp med 15 parts, powdered egg 5 parts, fodder yeast 15 parts, 10 parts, flour, soybean oil 4 parts, B B-complex 2 parts, composite mineral matter 2 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3 parts, Choline Chloride 0.6 part, anti-hemorrhage composition 12 parts.
Described anti-hemorrhage composition is mixed by following component by weight: rheum officinale 10 parts, the Radix Astragali 25 parts, radix bupleuri 20 parts, cordate houttuynia 15 parts, folium isatidis 35 parts, Chinese violet 35 parts, the Chinese bulbul 15 parts, polygonum flaccidum 15 parts, spirulina extract 35 parts, Chinese yew 15 parts.Described Chinese yew is that the fresh leaf of Chinese yew and japanese yew fruit mix according to the weight ratio of 5:1.
The preparation method of described spirulina extract is as follows: by spirulina freeze drying, pulverize to obtain algae powder, algae powder is mixed according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10ml with the ethanolic solution of mass concentration 90%, maintain the temperature at 60 DEG C, extract is extracted 1 hour to obtain under stirring condition, then ultrasonic power is ultrasonic process 20min under 500w, filtering and impurity removing, and filter vacuum is evaporated to 50% of original volume and obtains spirulina extract.
Described B B-complex is mixed by following composition by weight: V
a15 parts, V
b140 parts, V
b220 parts, V
b650 parts, V
b1215 parts, V
e200 parts, V
c400 parts, 30 parts, folic acid, niacinamide 30 parts, calcium pantothenate 35 parts, biotin 15 parts, inositol 45 parts.
Described composite mineral matter is mixed by following composition by weight: 8 parts, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate 25 parts, cobalt chloride 50 parts, sodium selenite 15 parts, acid iodide Ca45 part, 200 parts, magnesium sulfate, 100 parts, ferrous sulfate, 150 parts, zinc sulfate.
Embodiment 3:
Prevent and treat an artifical compound feed for lefteye flounder hemorrhage, by weight, described artifical compound feed is mixed by following component: fish meal 35 parts, chlorella powder 20 parts, dregs of beans 12 parts, shrimp med 18 parts, powdered egg 7 parts, fodder yeast 18 parts, 12 parts, flour, soybean oil 5 parts, B B-complex 1.5 parts, composite mineral matter 1.5 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2 parts, Choline Chloride 0.5 part, anti-hemorrhage composition 10 parts.
Described anti-hemorrhage composition is mixed by following component by weight: rheum officinale 8 parts, the Radix Astragali 20 parts, radix bupleuri 18 parts, cordate houttuynia 20 parts, folium isatidis 30 parts, Chinese violet 30 parts, the Chinese bulbul 20 parts, polygonum flaccidum 12 parts, spirulina extract 30 parts, Chinese yew 12 parts.Described Chinese yew is that the fresh leaf of Chinese yew and japanese yew fruit mix according to the weight ratio of 4:1.
The preparation method of described spirulina extract is as follows: by spirulina freeze drying, pulverize to obtain algae powder, algae powder is mixed according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10ml with the ethanolic solution of mass concentration 90%, maintain the temperature at 60 DEG C, extract is extracted 2 hours to obtain under stirring condition, then ultrasonic power is ultrasonic process 22min under 500w, filtering and impurity removing, and filter vacuum is evaporated to 40% of original volume and obtains spirulina extract.
Described B B-complex is mixed by following composition by weight: V
a12 parts, V
b135 parts, V
b215 parts, V
b640 parts, V
b1212 parts, V
e180 parts, V
c300 parts, 25 parts, folic acid, niacinamide 25 parts, calcium pantothenate 30 parts, biotin 12 parts, inositol 40 parts.
Described composite mineral matter is mixed by following composition by weight: 7 parts, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate 20 parts, cobalt chloride 40 parts, sodium selenite 12 parts, calcium iodate 42 parts, 180 parts, magnesium sulfate, 90 parts, ferrous sulfate, 120 parts, zinc sulfate.
Preparation method of the present invention is as follows:
(1) decocting for Chinese herbal medicine
The Radix Astragali, radix bupleuri, cordate houttuynia, folium isatidis, Chinese violet, Chinese yew, the Chinese bulbul and polygonum flaccidum are put into pot, and then boiling 30min adds rheum officinale, and slow fire boils 20min, after cooling, filters, obtains liquid.The consumption of water is 15 times of above-mentioned each component weight.
(2) fish meal, chlorella powder, dregs of beans, shrimp med, powdered egg, fodder yeast, flour, composite mineral matter, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and Choline Chloride are carried out mixed once, pulverizing, then add B B-complex, liquid and spirulina extract and carry out secondary mixing, carry out modified, granulation after mixing, spray soybean oil after drying and obtain product.
Effect test:
Zhoushan aquatic products research institute on August 20th, 2014 cultivation base starts to occur the dead fish of lefteye flounder, and constantly increases, 5 days afterwards dead fish quantity reach 100 tails/sky, sooner or later all have dead fish emersion, suffer heavy losses.
Observe and find: the oral cavity of sick fish, the gill cover, eyes, fin base portion is congested.Sick fish swimming slowly peels off, and body colour is dim, loses original bright active.The visible petechial hemorrhage red muscle of skin after fish-skin strip off.Some sick fish enteron aisle, liver, kidney is also hemorrhage.The gill presents light gray or shallow color, tentatively thinks hemorrhage.
Prevention and treatment method: adopt feedstuff feeding of the present invention, every day throws something and feeds 2-3 time, ate up with 1 hour and is advisable, and the 1-2% of rate of throwing something and feeding percentage of liveweight, is used in conjunction 5-10 days.
After 3 days, dead fish starts to reduce, the 5th day, and dead fish quantity is few to 30 tails, and within about 8 days, basic controlling lives the state of an illness.
Above-described embodiment is one of the present invention preferably scheme, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite not exceeding the technical scheme described in claim.
Claims (6)
1. prevent and treat an artifical compound feed for lefteye flounder hemorrhage, it is characterized in that: by weight, described artifical compound feed is mixed by following component: fish meal 30-45 part, chlorella powder 15-25 part, dregs of beans 10-15 part, shrimp med 15-20 part, powdered egg 5-8 part, fodder yeast 15-20 part, flour 10-15 part, soybean oil 4-6 part, B B-complex 1-2 part, composite mineral matter 1-2 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 part, Choline Chloride 0.3-0.6 part, anti-hemorrhage composition 7-12 part.
2. artifical compound feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anti-hemorrhage composition is mixed by following component by weight: rheum officinale 5-10 part, Radix Astragali 15-25 part, radix bupleuri 15-20 part, cordate houttuynia 15-25 part, folium isatidis 25-35 part, Chinese violet 25-35 part, Chinese bulbul 15-25 part, polygonum flaccidum 10-15 part, spirulina extract 25-35 part, Chinese yew 10-15 part.
3. artifical compound feed according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described Chinese yew is that Taxus leaf and japanese yew fruit mix according to the weight ratio of 3-5:1.
4. artifical compound feed according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described spirulina extract is as follows: by spirulina freeze drying, pulverize to obtain algae powder, algae powder is mixed according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10ml with the ethanolic solution of mass concentration 90%, maintain the temperature at 55-60 DEG C, extract is extracted 1-3 hour to obtain under stirring condition, then ultrasonic power is ultrasonic process 20-25min under 450-500w, filtering and impurity removing, the 30-50% that filter vacuum is evaporated to original volume obtains spirulina extract.
5. artifical compound feed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described B B-complex is mixed by following composition by weight: V
a10-15 part, V
b130-40 part, V
b210-20 part, V
b630-50 part, V
b1210-15 part, V
e150-200 part, V
c250-400 part, folic acid 20-30 part, niacinamide 20-30 part, calcium pantothenate 25-35 part, biotin 10-15 part, inositol 30-45 part.
6. artifical compound feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described composite mineral matter is mixed by following composition by weight: copper sulphate 5-8 part, manganese sulfate 15-25 part, cobalt chloride 30-50 part, sodium selenite 10-15 part, calcium iodate 40-45 part, magnesium sulfate 150-200 part, ferrous sulfate 80-100 part, zinc sulfate 100-150 part.
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Application publication date: 20151216 |