CN105131963A - Soil conditioning agent, and preparation method and applications thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioning agent, and preparation method and applications thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105131963A CN105131963A CN201510505148.5A CN201510505148A CN105131963A CN 105131963 A CN105131963 A CN 105131963A CN 201510505148 A CN201510505148 A CN 201510505148A CN 105131963 A CN105131963 A CN 105131963A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioning agent, and a preparation method and applications thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil pollution remediation and modification. The soil conditioning agent comprises, by mass, 45 to 70% of crop straw low temperature anaerobic carbide, 20 to 35% of an organic fertilizer, 5 to 20% of humic acid, 5 to 10% of clay, and 5 to 10% of EM microbial agent. The invention also provides a preparation method and applications of the soil conditioning agent. The soil conditioning agent is capable of eliminating residual toxin of herbicide polluted soil, and repairing polluted soil, is capable of improving soil physical and chemical properties of paddy field soil and acidified soil, increasing fertilizer utilization rate, reducing fertilizer loss, promoting crop growth, and increasing grain yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof and application, belong to soil pollution reparation and improving technology field.
Background technology
Chemical weed control is important technical measures in agriculture production, but the impact of herbicide residue on soil and succession crop growth increases the weight of year by year, and especially successive soybean cropping soil swelling-shrinkage is particularly evident.Extremely frigid zones to the north of Heilongjiang Province's north latitude 45 ° is the main growing area of soybean, Soybean Cropping area can reach more than 40% of soybean acreage, some plot successive soybean cropping has reached more than 20 year, and soil is serious by sulfonylurea, amine grass ethers, the pollution of herbicide of oxazolone class isometric residual effect.Because soybean field herbicide remains, soil swelling-shrinkage is serious, and make the rear impact made the high yield crop growths such as corn, potato, beet and be subject in various degree, the poisoning phenomenons such as blade albefaction, curling, poor growth is even dead appear in plant, crop yield is affected, and the underproduction is even had no harvest.Along with the continuous adjustment of Crop Planting Structure, maize sown area increases year by year, for guaranteeing that the stable yields of Heilongjiang Province's grain yield increases income, must solve the soil swelling-shrinkage problem that herbicide residue affects second stubble crop plantation.
At present, both at home and abroad to the research of the long residual herbicides such as clomazone, fomesafen mainly concentrate on herbicidal mechanism, selectivity mechanism, metabolic mechanism, security and and the aspect such as mating reaction of other agricultural chemicals, technology that the soil decreasing measure after the pedo relict of the type agricultural chemicals is also unified, specification.Therefore, the soil swelling-shrinkage of generation is remained for successive soybean cropping long residual herbicides, by the execution of this technology, effective abatement Soybean Field long residual herbicides remains and affects the poisoning of second stubble crop, for Planter industry structure adjustment, promote the high yield crop-plantings such as corn, potato, beet, increase grain yield and have great importance.
Turnout and the usage quantity of China's chemical fertilizer occupy first place in the world, 27.5% of world Fertilizer of using up every year total amount.Unit farmland fertilizer usage quantity, the world and the U.S. are on average less than 100kg/ha, and China is 265kg/ha.At present, the unit chemical fertilizer of China drops to 1:2.4 with the ratio of grain output by 1:16, and remuneration is seriously successively decreased.Meanwhile, the rate of loss of China's nitrogenous fertilizer is but up to 40%, and namely about have 2,000 ten thousand tons of urea every year, about 38,000,000,000 yuan be lost.The increase of fertilizer amount certainly will cause huge loss and the loss of soil nutrient, and harmful element accumulates in a large number in soil, soil quality degradation.Research shows, black soil of Northeast China is opened up wasteland soil organic matter content after 20 years and declined 30 ~ 40%; Open up wasteland organic decline 50 ~ 60% after 40 years.Meanwhile, in topsoil soils, the reserves of full nitrogen and full phosphorus also reduced 30 ~ 60% and 16 ~ 24%.Black earth farmland quality declines, and organic content reduces, utilization rate of fertilizer reduces, and has become the principal element that restriction total grain output improves.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, the technical scheme taked is as follows:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil conditioner, this soil conditioner according to massfraction meter, containing, for example lower component:
Agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing 45%-70%, fertilizer 20%-35%, humic acid 5%-20%, clay 5%-10%, EM microbial inoculum 5-10%; Wherein, organic content is greater than 30%.
Preferably, described agricultural crop straw is one or both in maize straw and rice straw.
Preferably, described agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing is at 300 DEG C, anaerobism carbonizing treatment 4-5h.
Preferably, according to massfraction meter, described agricultural crop straw anaerobic in low temperature carbide is 50%, fertilizer 30%.
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method that a kind of described soil conditioner is provided.Agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing, fertilizer, humic acid are sent into pulverizer to be crushed to grain graininess are 1.0-4.0mm by this preparation method in proportion; again comminuting matter is mixed with clay; after EM microbial inoculum sends into tablets press by spray equipment; carry out just one-step forming; again preliminary shaped granule is sent into throw in circular knitting machine and carry out forming processes; sieve after cryodrying again, obtain shaped granule.
The step of described preparation method is as follows:
1) agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing, fertilizer, humic acid are sent into pulverizer in proportion and carried out pulverization process, being crushed to grain graininess is 1.0-4.0mm, obtains comminuting matter;
2) by step 1) comminuting matter of gained mixes with clay, and EM microbial inoculum is sent in extruding type tablets press or disc-type granulating machine by spray equipment, and carry out just one-step forming, obtain preliminary shaped granule, in EM microbial inoculum used, viable count is 2 × 10
9more than CFU/ml;
3) by step 2) the preliminary shaped granule of gained is sent to throw in circular knitting machine and carries out forming processes, then gained particle is sent in low-temp. drying stove carry out drying treatment;
4) utilize automatic sieving machine to step 3) gained material carry out screening process, obtain shaped granule.
Preferably, step 1) described in proportion, be according to charcoal: fertilizer: the ratio of humic acid=9 ~ 14:4 ~ 7:1 ~ 4.
Preferably, step 3) described drying treatment, keep moisture below 15%.
The application of described arbitrary soil conditioner in soil improvement and soil remediation process.
In described application, the usage quantity of soil conditioner is 500-2000kg/hm
2.
Described fertilizer can be through the feces of livestock and poultry after fermentative processing or the material such as other plant animal waste albumen or fermentation residue.
Described EM microbial inoculum is the commercialization containing multiple bacterial classifications such as high reactivity phosphorus decomposing vinelandii, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, subtilises, and viable count is 2 × 10
9more than CFU/ml.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is as follows:
The invention provides soil conditioner and have abatement herbicide carryover in the farmland by pollution of herbicide soil, the effect of repairing polluted soil, in paddy field, acidified soil has and improves soil physical and chemical property, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce chemical fertilizer loss, promote plant growth, increase the effect of grain yield.
The invention provides in soil conditioner, the anaerobic in low temperature carbide added has loose porous deep layer pore space structure, has short period of time internal adsorption pedo relict weedicide, promotes biological degradation for a long time, improve the characteristic of soil physical and chemical property.New soil recuperation agent provided by the present invention, for improving soil physical and chemical property, abatement herbicide residue pollutes, and improves grain yield, develops eco-agriculture, sustainable agriculture has great importance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not by the restriction of embodiment.
Following examples material therefor, reagent, method and instrument, without specified otherwise, be this area conventional material, reagent, method and instrument, those skilled in the art all obtain by commercial channel.
EM microbial inoculum used is commercialization microbial inoculum, and those skilled in the art can carry out routine according to actual needs and select.Following examples EM microbial inoculum used is purchased from Kang Yuan oasis bio tech ltd.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof, detailed process is as follows:
1) by corn and rice straw carbonization at low temperature thing, fertilizer, humic acid in charcoal: fertilizer: the ratio of humic acid=5:3:1 is sent into pulverizer and carried out pulverization process, and being crushed to grain graininess is 1.0-4.0mm, obtains comminuting matter; Wherein, corn and rice straw carbonization at low temperature thing, maize straw and rice straw mix according to equal in quality, after mixing, in charring furnace at 300 DEG C, anaerobism carbonizing treatment 4-5h.
2) by step 1) comminuting matter of gained, clay mixing; by formula rate, EM microbial inoculum is sent in extruding type tablets press or disc-type granulating machine by spray equipment; carry out just one-step forming, obtain preliminary shaped granule, in EM microbial inoculum used, viable count is 2 × 10
9more than CFU/ml.
3) by step 2) the preliminary shaped granule of gained is sent to throw in circular knitting machine and carries out forming processes, then gained particle is sent in low-temp. drying stove carry out drying treatment, keep moisture below 15%.
4) utilize automatic sieving machine to step 3) gained material carry out screening process, obtain shaped granule.Finally, in soil conditioner, by mass percentage, corn and rice straw carbonization at low temperature thing account for 50%, fertilizer 30%, humic acid 10%, clay 5%, EM microbial inoculum 5%.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of soil conditioner, this soil conditioner is from the different of embodiment 1: straw low temperature carbide, fertilizer, humic acid are according to charcoal: fertilizer: the ratio of humic acid=6:2:1 is sent into pulverizer and carried out pulverization process.Finally, in soil conditioner, by mass percentage, corn and rice straw carbonization at low temperature thing account for 60%, fertilizer 20%, humic acid 10%, clay 5%, EM microbial inoculum 5%.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of soil conditioner, this soil conditioner is from the different of embodiment 1:
Straw low temperature carbide, fertilizer, humic acid are according to charcoal: fertilizer: the ratio of humic acid=9:7:4 is sent into pulverizer and carried out pulverization process.Finally, in soil conditioner, by mass percentage, corn and rice straw carbonization at low temperature thing account for 45%, fertilizer 35%, humic acid 20%, clay 10%, EM microbial inoculum 10%.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide four kinds of soil conditioners, these four kinds of soil conditioners are from the different of embodiment 1:
The first, the maize straw of use and rice straw, do not carry out carbonizing treatment.Be labeled as 4-1 soil conditioner.
The second, the maize straw of use and rice straw, carried out high temperature anaerobic carbonizing treatment, and concrete carbonization temperature is 500 DEG C, carbonizing treatment 2h.Be labeled as 4-2 soil conditioner.
The third, the mass percent of corn and rice straw carbonization at low temperature thing is 80%, and other substances content reduce in proportion.Be labeled as 4-3 soil conditioner.
4th kind, the mass percent of corn and rice straw carbonization at low temperature thing is 40%, and other substances content increase in proportion.Be labeled as 4-4 soil conditioner.
Embodiment 5
In Heihe, Heilongjiang Province, Nenjiang arranges field experiment, and preceding crop is soybean, plants more than 10 years continuously, Guangmieling (clomazone in soil), prowers (fomesafen) herbicide residue is serious.The totally 7 kinds of amendments prepared in embodiment 1-5 are utilized to nurse one's health soil respectively, every processing area 667m
2, and apply when autumn ploughs deeply whole ground, usage quantity is 2000kg/hm
2.Second Year maize planting, calculate output after results autumn and measure the pH change of soil, meanwhile, the blank group of not adding any amendment is set, and based on this blank group, comparing the volume increase and pH change that apply soil after different amendment, result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1-4 soil conditioner contrasts at the application effect of corn field
As known from Table 1: do not execute amendment with contrasting in embodiment 1 and compare, Heihe corn on average increases production 6.12%, Nenjiang corn on average increases production 5.20%, corn performance is not simultaneously subject to symptom of chemical damage by any, and contrast is without any process, milpa is short and small, blade albefaction, wilting, obvious by symptom of chemical damage, output reduces.Meanwhile, have certain effect to raising acidified soil pH after using this amendment, Nenjiang soil pH brings up to 5.96 by 5.87, and increase by 0.09 unit, Heihe soil pH brings up to 5.82 by 5.71, increases by 0.11 unit.And stalk is not carried out to the 4-1 soil conditioner of carbonizing treatment, and very limited to the effect of increasing production of corn, obvious effect is not had to the improvement of soil pH.Through the 4-2 soil conditioner of high temperature anaerobic carbonization effect of increasing production and to soil pH improve successful be better than 4-1 soil conditioner, but be also obviously weaker than the soil conditioner prepared described in embodiment 1-3.And when heightening the usage quantity of straw low temperature carbide (4-3 soil conditioner), to the close soil conditioner be even better than prepared by embodiment 1-3 of the improvement of soil pH, but effect of increasing production obviously declines.On the contrary, when reducing the usage quantity of straw low temperature carbide (4-4 soil conditioner), although effect of increasing production improves, significantly reduce the improvement of soil pH, whole structure is obviously not so good as soil redeposition prepared by embodiment 1-3.On the whole, the corn using the soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1-3 does not show the symptom by any poisoning, but uses four kinds of soil conditioners prepared by embodiment 4 then at the symptom of chemical damage having occurred the short and small and blade albefaction of plant in varying degrees.
Embodiment 6
Raohe Farm Rice planting base, reclamation area in Heilongjiang Province, arranges 7 process, and utilize the totally 7 kinds of amendments prepared in embodiment 1-5 to nurse one's health soil respectively, area is 667m
2, soil conditioner applies in conjunction with fertilising when spring harrows a field, and usage quantity is 500kg/hm
2, all take single single filling, the same land for growing field crops of other measure.Harvesting time measures rice yield after sampling.
Table 2 embodiment 1-4 soil conditioner contrasts at the application effect of rice terrace
Result shows, and contrasts amendment in embodiment 4 and compares, and after using amendment, rice yield increases by 6.38%, and calculate every mu to increase production 50kg, calculates according to the commercially available price of rice 2 yuan/kg, mu income can increase by 100 yuan, and per hectare is taken in can increase by 1500 yuan.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is also not used to limit the present invention, any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can do various change and modification, what therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (10)
1. a soil conditioner, is characterized in that, according to massfraction meter, containing, for example lower component:
Agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing 45%-70%, fertilizer 20%-35%, humic acid 5%-20%, clay 5%-10%, EM microbial inoculum 5-10%; Wherein, organic content is greater than 30%.
2. a kind of soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described agricultural crop straw, is one or both in maize straw and rice straw.
3. a kind of soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing is at 300 DEG C, anaerobism carbonizing treatment 4-5h.
4. a kind of soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to massfraction meter, described agricultural crop straw anaerobic in low temperature carbide is 50%, fertilizer 30%.
5. the preparation method of soil conditioner described in a claim 1; it is characterized in that; agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing, fertilizer, humic acid being sent in proportion pulverizer, to be crushed to grain graininess be 1.0-4.0mm; again comminuting matter is mixed with clay; after EM microbial inoculum sends into tablets press by spray equipment, carry out just one-step forming, then carry out forming processes by preliminary shaped granule feeding throwing circular knitting machine; sieve after cryodrying again, obtain shaped granule.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) agricultural crop straw carbonization at low temperature thing, fertilizer, humic acid are sent into pulverizer in proportion and carried out pulverization process, being crushed to grain graininess is 1.0-4.0mm, obtains comminuting matter;
2) by step 1) comminuting matter of gained, clay send in extruding type tablets press or disc-type granulating machine, and EM microbial inoculum is sent into by spray equipment, and carry out just one-step forming, obtain preliminary shaped granule, in EM microbial inoculum used, viable count is 2 × 10
9more than CFU/mL;
3) by step 2) the preliminary shaped granule of gained is sent to throw in circular knitting machine and carries out forming processes, then gained particle is sent in low-temp. drying stove carry out drying treatment;
4) utilize automatic sieving machine to step 3) gained material carry out screening process, obtain shaped granule.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, step 1) described in proportion, be according to charcoal: fertilizer: the ratio of humic acid=9 ~ 14:4 ~ 7:1 ~ 4.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, step 3) described drying treatment, keep moisture below 15%.
9. the application of arbitrary soil conditioner described in claim 1-4 in soil improvement and soil remediation process.
10. apply described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the usage quantity of soil conditioner is 500-2000kg/hm
2.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN106083484A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of fast-growing carbon remittance south Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f charcoal base soil conditioner and application thereof |
| CN106238442A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2016-12-21 | 重庆冠虹环保能源股份有限公司 | Soil-repairing agent preparation system |
| CN106883023A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-23 | 苏州顶裕生物科技有限公司 | A kind of soil remediation fertilizer of greenhouse strawberry and preparation method thereof |
| CN107043628A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-15 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | A kind of water paddy soil modifying agent and its modification method |
| CN107129807A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-05 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Multifunctional ecotype soil conditioner |
| CN107512977A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-26 | 河海大学 | A kind of preparation method and applications of EM nano biologicals charcoal base soil conditioner |
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| CN109369302A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-22 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of rice field clean type charcoal mud base bio-fertilizer |
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| CN110178627A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-30 | 桂阳县东泰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony |
| CN111203143A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-29 | 南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 | Soil conditioner preparation system of living beings charcoal coupling microorganism |
| CN111943777A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-17 | 青海九0六工程勘察设计院 | Soil conditioner suitable for mudstone surface layer barren soil |
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| CN106083484A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of fast-growing carbon remittance south Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f charcoal base soil conditioner and application thereof |
| CN106238442A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2016-12-21 | 重庆冠虹环保能源股份有限公司 | Soil-repairing agent preparation system |
| CN106883023A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-23 | 苏州顶裕生物科技有限公司 | A kind of soil remediation fertilizer of greenhouse strawberry and preparation method thereof |
| CN107043628A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-15 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | A kind of water paddy soil modifying agent and its modification method |
| CN108795434A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2018-11-13 | 田良 | Biological semi-coke powder prepares secondary salinization and hardened soil conditioner and its application method |
| CN107129807A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-05 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Multifunctional ecotype soil conditioner |
| CN107512977B (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2020-12-11 | 河海大学 | Preparation method and application of EM nano biochar-based soil conditioner |
| CN107512977A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2017-12-26 | 河海大学 | A kind of preparation method and applications of EM nano biologicals charcoal base soil conditioner |
| CN109369302A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-22 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | A kind of rice field clean type charcoal mud base bio-fertilizer |
| CN109825304A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-31 | 杨霞 | A kind of bion soil conditioner and its preparation process reducing soil acidity |
| CN109825304B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-05-15 | 浙江瑞珏生物科技有限公司 | Biological soil conditioner for reducing soil acidity and preparation process thereof |
| CN110178627A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-30 | 桂阳县东泰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich oil implantation methods of tree peony |
| CN111203143A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-29 | 南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 | Soil conditioner preparation system of living beings charcoal coupling microorganism |
| CN111203143B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2022-05-03 | 南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 | Soil conditioner preparation system of living beings charcoal coupling microorganism |
| CN111943777A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-17 | 青海九0六工程勘察设计院 | Soil conditioner suitable for mudstone surface layer barren soil |
| CN111978119A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-24 | 青海九0六工程勘察设计院 | Microbial agent fertilizer for high-cold anoxic conditions |
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