CN105123488B - Plant tissue culture is taken root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening and its cultural method - Google Patents
Plant tissue culture is taken root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening and its cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123488B CN105123488B CN201510542049.4A CN201510542049A CN105123488B CN 105123488 B CN105123488 B CN 105123488B CN 201510542049 A CN201510542049 A CN 201510542049A CN 105123488 B CN105123488 B CN 105123488B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
Take root present invention is disclosed a kind of plant tissue culture, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening and its cultural method, the culture apparatus include plant cultivation system, illumination system, ventilation temperature-controlling system, liquid-supplying system, CO2 feed systems, environmental control system.The plant cultivation system includes stereoscopic multi-layer culturing rack, culture vessel, and culture vessel is placed on culturing rack, and one layer of setting, one culture vessel, container bottom place liftable seed plate stent in multiple layers of culturing rack, for hanging culture plant.The illumination system includes lamp box, LED lamp tube, fan, and LED is placed in lamp box and is connected with fan, above culture vessel, has a style of one's own, do not communicated with culture vessel.Plant tissue culture proposed by the present invention is taken root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening and its cultural method, on the premise of saving space is ensured, save time, low cost, resources effective utilization rate, resource utilization and labor productivity are improved, shortens cultivation cycle, reduces production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant culture, be related to a kind of culture apparatus, more particularly to a kind of plant tissue culture take root,
The integrated culture apparatus of hardening；Meanwhile the invention further relates to a kind of cultural method of above-mentioned culture apparatus.
Background technology
In Plant Tissue Breeding, the growth of tissue-cultured seedling will generally pass through four-stage：1. in vitro cuttings are established, 2. soon
Speed breeding, 3. takes root, 4. greenhouse hardening, after above four-stage, could be used as production seedling.Wherein take root difficult, mistake
It is always common problem in Plant Tissue Breeding that it is low, which to cross shoot survival percent,.Being adjusted by artificial environment improves plant growth
The conditions such as light, temperature, water, gas, promote the photosynthesis of plantlet, and the environmental condition taken root with autotrophy and improvement plant, promotes root
The growth and development of system, and by adjusting the environmental conditions such as humidity, illumination, wind speed, by two stages of taking root for tissue-cultured seedling and hardening
It is combined into one, and the tissue-cultured seedling speed of growth cultivated is fast, survival rate is high, can directly be transplanted to greenhouse or crop field, culture week
Phase shortens 50%, improves 50% labor productivity, reduces production cost.Found in prior art literature update search,
China Patent No. is：200610119240.9 a kind of Aeroponic type plant sugar-free tissue culturing device is disclosed, including:Culture vessel, training
Support frame, illumination system, environmental detection set, plant growth environment maintenance system.Plant growth environment maintenance system includes CO2 gas
Source, solenoid valve, nutrient solution atomizing device, cooling device, air pump, spray pipe.CO2Source of the gas is connected by pipeline with solenoid valve,
Solenoid valve is connected by pipeline with nutrient solution atomizing device, and nutrient solution atomizing device is connected by pipeline with cooling device, cooling
Device is connected by pipeline with air pump, and air pump is connected with culture vessel by pipeline and extended to inside culture vessel.
The technology of entitled Aeroponic type plant sugar-free tissue culturing device is difficult to implement in practical applications, mainly has following
The reason for aspect：1. CO2 can be dissolved in water generation carbonic acid, the supply of CO2 and the pH value of nutrient solution are influenced；2. air pump is to be used for
Draw water mist, and air pump is easily damaged and will also result in the pollution of nutrient solution atomizing；3. the water mist of the prior art will be through piping ability
Culture vessel is reached, in the way through piping, mist has become water droplet and hung on duct wall, can enter the amount of culture vessel very
It is few.The object of device culture is test tube seedling tissue-cultured seedling in other words, this is the seedling of a micromation, very delicate, easily dead, right
The requirement of environmental condition is very high, absorb it is easily dead less than sufficient moisture, therefore, culture of the prior art to Plant tissue culture seedling
There are great limitation.
Meanwhile culture of the spectral region to plant that uses of the prior art and unreasonable, spectral region is too narrow, only uses
The blue light of 660nm feux rouges and 450nm, the two light waves are only the absorption peak of plant chlorophyll, rather than photosynthesis of plant
Absorption spectrum.It is generally known that it is 400-700nm that plant, which carries out photosynthetic effective energy light wave scope, 400-500nm's
The red light of blue light and 600-700nm contribute photosynthesis maximum.Feux rouges is conducive to sugar and carbon hydrate in photosynthesis
Thing synthesizes, and accelerates to improve the stipes development of plant.Blue light is conducive to the synthesis of protein, the formation of growth and young shoot to plant
There is considerable influence, the elongation of plant can be suppressed and plant is formed short strong shape, cell differentiation can also be dominated, beneficial to pattern
Element, vitamin synthesis.The optimal conditions of plant growth is created, light wave type has to enrich.And the red blue light of the prior art
Ratio is：2：1, the feux rouges in this ratio cannot meet that plantlet grows demand, and culture efficiency is relatively low.
In addition, the sensor of prior art CO2 concentration is mounted in culture vessel, the humidity in culture vessel is because plant
The needs of thing culture, relative humidity is generally all more than 90%, CO2The best effort scope of concentration sensor is 0-80%, phase
To humidity more than 90%, it will drift about, so as to cause the mistake of information.The present invention is that CO2 sensors are installed on gas
The air outlet of circulation is more accurate so as to avoid the influence of high humidity, control.
In view of this, nowadays there is an urgent need to design a kind of new plant cultivation device, to overcome existing culture apparatus
Drawbacks described above.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：There is provided a kind of plant tissue culture take root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening,
The survival rate of transition seedling can be improved, cultivation cycle is greatly shortened, reduces production cost.
In addition, the present invention also provides the cultural method of above-mentioned culture apparatus, the survival rate of transition seedling can be improved, is significantly contracted
Short culture cycle attaining, reduces production cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of plant tissue culture is taken root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening, and the culture apparatus includes：Plant cultivation system,
Illumination system, ventilation temperature-controlling system, liquid-supplying system, CO2 feed systems, environmental control system；
The plant cultivation system includes：Stereoscopic multi-layer culturing rack, culture vessel, culture vessel are placed on culturing rack,
One layer of setting, one culture vessel, container bottom place liftable seed plate stent in multiple layers of culturing rack, for hanging culture
Plant is used；Between each layer culture vessel, gas mutually circulates, but overall big culture space is closed；
The illumination system includes lamp box, LED lamp tube, fan, and LED is placed in lamp box and is connected with fan, installed in culture
Above container, have a style of one's own, do not communicated with culture vessel；
The ventilation temperature-controlling system includes：Compressor or temperature control equipment, adjustable speed fan, air hose；Compressor is installed on
The bottom of culture apparatus, adjustable speed fan are installed on the top of device, and adjustable speed fan is connected by air hose and each culture vessel；
The rear side of each culture vessel has arranged air hose, makes it that circulated air to be uniformly sent into each culture vessel, then again from culture
The front portion of container returns to adjustable speed fan return air inlet；
The CO2 feed systems include：CO2 sources of the gas, solenoid valve；CO2 sources of the gas are connected by pipeline with solenoid valve, and with leading to
The return air inlet of wind system adjustable speed fan is connected；The CO2 of high concentration is set to be sufficiently mixed uniformly with air in air hose in advance；
The liquid-supplying system includes：Liquid reservoir tank, water pump, feed liquid pipeline, water regulating valve；Water pump is placed on liquid reserve
In case, liquid reservoir tank is connected with feed liquid pipeline, and water regulating valve is installed on the water outlet of each container；Nutrient solution or water lead to
The power and pipeline for crossing pump are entered in the culture vessel of device most last layer, then flow into next layer by the effect of gravity
In culture vessel, so circulation behind most one layer of bottom up to reaching fluid storage tank, after filtering, is fed again into most last layer culture appearance
Device；The water inlet and water outlet of each container are diagonal, the level control valve of the water outlet dress of each container, according to need
Want the pondage in any adjusting culture vessel；
The environmental control system includes：Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 concentration sensor, display screen, control cabinet, humiture
Sensor is installed on inside culture vessel, CO2 concentration sensor be installed on wind turbine air outlet；The control cabinet, display screen, peace
Mounted in the top of device, it is connected between each component of control system with communication line；
The environmental control system includes：
Plant variety identification module, to obtain the photo of plant, by the photo and floristics that plant is overall or local
Correspondence photo in database is compared, and chooses product of the corresponding plant variety of the highest photo of similarity as the plant
Kind；
Plant growth situation identification module, to identify the height of plant by range sensor, while according to plant
Growth time judges the growth situation of plant；If the plant height data obtained are less than the plant height of corresponding growth time, and
The difference of height is more than setting value, then it is assumed that the plant growth situation is not good enough；
Environmental parameter adaptive adjustment module, to according to plant variety, growth time section, plant growth situation, with reference to
Plant growth environment parameter control table, automatically adjusts corresponding environmental parameter；It is stored with plant growth environment parameter control table
Each plant variety, every environmental parameter of each period, and if record have plant growth situation it is not good enough when, corresponding environment
Parameters revision data；The amendment data are some groups, are used for system circulation；Using finding plant growth after one group of amendment data
Situation improves, then improves the priority for correcting data, and commending system preferentially uses.
A kind of plant tissue culture is taken root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening, and the culture apparatus includes plant cultivation system；
The plant cultivation system includes：Stereoscopic multi-layer culturing rack, culture vessel, culture vessel are placed on culturing rack,
One layer of setting, one culture vessel, container bottom place liftable seed plate stent in multiple layers of culturing rack, for hanging culture
Plant is used.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, between each layer culture vessel, gas mutually circulates, but overall big culture
Space is closed.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture apparatus further includes illumination system；The illumination system includes
Lamp box, LED lamp tube, fan, LED are placed in lamp box and are connected with fan, above culture vessel, have a style of one's own, not with training
Foster container communicates.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture apparatus further includes ventilation temperature-controlling system, temperature-controlling system of divulging information
Including：Compressor or temperature control equipment, adjustable speed fan, air hose；
Compressor is installed on the bottom of culture apparatus, and adjustable speed fan is installed on the top of device, and adjustable speed fan passes through air hose
It is connected with each culture vessel；Air hose has been arranged in the rear side of each culture vessel, it is uniformly sent into circulated air each
Culture vessel, then returns to adjustable speed fan return air inlet from the front portion of culture vessel again.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture apparatus further includes CO2 feed systems, CO2 feed system bags
Include：CO2 sources of the gas, solenoid valve；CO2 sources of the gas are connected by pipeline with solenoid valve, and with the return air inlet phase of ventilating system adjustable speed fan
Connection；The CO2 of high concentration is set to be sufficiently mixed uniformly with air in air hose in advance.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture apparatus further includes liquid-supplying system, and liquid-supplying system includes：Liquid
Reservoir tank, water pump, feed liquid pipeline, water regulating valve；
Water pump is placed in liquid reservoir tank, and liquid reservoir tank is connected with feed liquid pipeline, and water regulating valve is installed on each hold
The water outlet of device；
Nutrient solution or water are entered in the culture vessel of device most last layer by the power and pipeline of pump, then by weight
The effect of power is flowed into next layer of culture vessel, and so circulation behind most one layer of bottom until reach fluid storage tank, after filtering, again
It is sent into most last layer culture vessel；The water inlet and water outlet of each container are diagonal, the water outlet dress of each container
Level control valve, any pondage adjusted in culture vessel as needed.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture apparatus further includes environmental control system, environmental control system
Including：Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 concentration sensor, display screen, control cabinet；
Temperature Humidity Sensor is installed on inside culture vessel, CO2 concentration sensor be installed on wind turbine air outlet；The control
Case processed, display screen, be connected between the top of device, each component of control system with communication line.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the environmental control system includes：
Plant variety identification module, to obtain the photo of plant, by the photo and floristics that plant is overall or local
Correspondence photo in database is compared, and chooses product of the corresponding plant variety of the highest photo of similarity as the plant
Kind；
Plant growth situation identification module, to identify the height of plant by range sensor, while according to plant
Growth time judges the growth situation of plant；If the plant height data obtained are less than the plant height of corresponding growth time, and
The difference of height is more than setting value, then it is assumed that the plant growth situation is not good enough；
Environmental parameter adaptive adjustment module, to according to plant variety, growth time section, plant growth situation, with reference to
Plant growth environment parameter control table, automatically adjusts corresponding environmental parameter；It is stored with plant growth environment parameter control table
Each plant variety, every environmental parameter of each period, and if record have plant growth situation it is not good enough when, corresponding environment
Parameters revision data；The amendment data are some groups, are used for system circulation；Using finding plant growth after one group of amendment data
Situation improves, then improves the priority for correcting data, and commending system preferentially uses.
A kind of above-mentioned plant tissue culture is taken root, the cultural method of the integrated culture apparatus of hardening, is vacantly existed by plant
Culture above current, is that an optimal rhizospheric environment is created in the growth of root system of plant；In addition using sugar-free culture-medium and porous
Material is as culture substrate, according to the physiology of plant different stages of growth and photosynthetic demand, dynamic Regulate Environment control
Parameter processed, is continuously improved plant to the adaptability and photosynthetic capacity of environment, reaches optimal culture effect.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cultural method specifically comprises the following steps：
Include vermiculite, perlite, one kind in peat soil or more by the use of porous material as culture substrate, culture substrate
Kind；Culture substrate is first subjected to autoclaving, the rear MS nutrient solutions that add stir evenly, and are fitted into the hole tray of cleaning, preparation is given birth to
The stem section or plantlet of root are transplanted in hole tray, are cultivated on the seed plate stent being vacantly placed in culture vessel；MS nutrient solutions
In not sugaring and organic matter, only add a great number of elements, molysite and trace element；
During beginning, humidity is maintained at more than 95-100% by the cycle-index that water is adjusted by liquid-supplying system, keeps a star
After phase, with the extension of incubation time, 85%, 75% and 65% is down to respectively, until the humidity close to extraneous planting environment；Together
When, the control of intensity of illumination grows from weak to strong, and does not turn on light within the 0-1 days, gradually increases to 20 μ with the extension of incubation time later
mol·m-2·s-1,40μmol·m-2·s-1,60μmol·m-2·s-1, 80 μm of olm-2·s-1,100μmol·m-2·s-1With
On；The speed of air-flow increases to 80cm/s from 10cm/s, 20cm/s, 40cm/s, 60cm/s；In short, the tune of all environmental conditions
Control be all around promote plant growth, improve photosynthetic rate, and make plantlet gradually adapt to the environment out of culture vessel to
The outer planting environment conversion regulation and control of container；
CO2 controlled concentrations are set as：The time of C3 plant 1000-1500ppm, C4 plant 2000-2500ppm, CO2 supply
It is synchronous with light application time；
By culture seedbed above mounted LED lamp case be used as plant illumination light source, LED light spectral limit is 400-700nm
The feux rouges of white light and 660nm, its ratio be：9：1；Because abundant blue light has been contained in white light, then appropriate supplement tassel flower
Light, is effectively promoted the photosynthetic rate of plantlet, makes plantlet growth more preferably.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Plant tissue culture proposed by the present invention is taken root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening and
Its cultural method, is ensureing to save space, is saving the time, low cost, on the premise of resources effective utilization rate, with reference to plant nutrient
, plant growth environment regulation and control, aerodynamics, photoelectricity, the basic principle of Equipment Landscape Gardening, make to which overcome plant group
The problems such as seedling rooting is difficult, and transition shoot survival percent is low, and cultivation cycle is grown, and production cost is high is trained, improves resource profit to greatest extent
With rate and labor productivity, shorten cultivation cycle, reduce production cost.
The present invention CO2 is supplied, gas circulation, temperature control combine, make CO2 be distributed and air-flow fortune
Move evenly, elsewhere liquid circulation and humid control are combined together the production for being more advantageous to plant.
This invention simplifies the device of the prior art, adds liftable seed plate stent in container, makes culture can be at the same time
A variety of training methods, water planting, matrix training, hanging training are taken into account, and is operated steadily, controllability is strong, and operating cost is low.
The present invention is by the research to polynary environmental factor and the phase structure relation of growth and development of plants, environment conditioning technology
Fully merged with the technology of Plant Tissue Breeding, the construction of device and Functional Design is more met the demand of production and scientific research, can
The microenvironment conditions such as gas concentration, temperature, humidity and nutrient solution concentration according to needed for the species of plant and growing state allotment.
To successfully take root, two stages of hardening synthesis two is one, significantly shorten cultivation cycle, reduce production cost, and
And seedling quality significantly improves.
The present invention is realized by following cultural method, by the use of porous material as culture substrate, such as：Vermiculite,
Perlite, peat soil etc., first carry out autoclaving by matrix, and (not sugaring and organic matter, only add a large amount of rear addition MS nutrient solutions
Element, molysite and trace element) stir evenly, it is fitted into the hole tray of cleaning, the stem section or plantlet that preparation is taken root is transplanted to
In hole tray, cultivated on the seed plate stent that is vacantly placed in culture vessel.During beginning, the circulation of water is adjusted by liquid-supplying system
Humidity is maintained at more than 95-100% by number, after being kept for a week, with the extension of incubation time, is down to 85% respectively,
75% and 65%, until the humidity close to extraneous planting environment.Meanwhile the control of intensity of illumination grows from weak to strong, does not open for 0-1 days
Lamp, later as the extension of incubation time gradually increases to 20 μm of olm-2·s-1,40μmol·m-2·s-1,60μmol·m-2·
s-1, 80 μm of olm-2·s-1,100μmol·m-2·s-1More than.The speed of air-flow from 10cm/s, 20cm/s, 40cm/s,
60cm/s, increases to 80cm/s.In short, the regulation and control of all environmental conditions are all around promotion plant growth, photosynthetic speed is improved
Rate, and plantlet is gradually adapted to the environment out of culture vessel to planting environment conversion regulation and control outside container.With the technical method
Culture, plant strain growth are healthy and strong, well developed root system, can be with tape base replanting due to without sugar and agar, and when transplanting does not hinder root, survives
Rate is high, and the speed of growth is fast, and management is simple.
In addition the advantage that plant is vacantly cultivated above current is in addition to cooling adjusts humidity, flowing and dissolving also then at water
The increase of oxygen, promotes the fast-growth of root system of plant, and passes through the number that circulates of water, control culture vessel easily and effectively
Interior air humidity.The present invention creates an optimal rhizospheric environment, the increasing of flowing water, dissolved oxygen for the growth of root system of plant
Add, the culture medium of sugar-free promote plant itself carry out photosynthesis, these factors can promote root system of plant formed and growth,
Significantly improve the rooting rate of plantlet.
CO2 controlled concentrations of the present invention are：C3 plant 1000-1500ppm, C4 plant 2000-2500ppm, CO2 supply when
Between it is synchronous with light application time.
The present invention by culture seedbed above mounted LED lamp case be used as plant illumination light source, LED light spectral limit is 400-
The feux rouges of 700nm white lights and 660nm, its ratio be：9：1.Because abundant blue light has been contained in white light, then appropriate supplement one
Point feux rouges, can be effectively promoted the photosynthetic rate of plantlet, make plantlet growth more preferably
In addition, the light that LED light box of the present invention is sent is uniform, the illumination to culture bed surface be it is uniform,
It can so make plant strain growth uniform, improve the production capacity of unit culture area and the quality of seedling.
It is bad that the present invention solves growth and development of plants present in traditional tissue cultures, and physiology and appearance is disorderly, and deformity is raw
The problems such as long development delays or is dead, compared with traditional method for plant tissue culture, plant growth of the present invention is healthy and strong, seedling matter
Amount significantly improves, rooting rate up to 95% and on, cultivation cycle shorten 30-50%, improve 50% labor productivity, be produced into
This reduction, is conducive to the scale of plant fast propagation, is factory produced.In addition, the present invention revolutionize traditional tissue culture technique and
Production model, making plant tissue culture, the dream of numerous mechanization and automated control is achieved soon.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of culture apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiment that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
Take root present invention is disclosed a kind of plant tissue culture, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening, the culture apparatus includes：Plant
Thing cultivation system, illumination system, ventilation temperature-controlling system, liquid-supplying system, CO2 feed systems, environmental control system.
The plant cultivation system includes：Stereoscopic multi-layer culturing rack, culture vessel, culture vessel are placed on culturing rack,
One layer of setting, one culture vessel, container bottom place liftable seed plate stent in multiple layers of culturing rack, for hanging culture
Plant is used；Between each layer culture vessel, gas mutually circulates, but overall big culture space is closed.
The illumination system includes lamp box, LED lamp tube, fan, and LED is placed in lamp box and is connected with fan, installed in culture
Above container, have a style of one's own, do not communicated with culture vessel.
The ventilation temperature-controlling system includes：Compressor or temperature control equipment, adjustable speed fan, air hose；Compressor is installed on
The bottom of culture apparatus, adjustable speed fan are installed on the top of device, and adjustable speed fan is connected by air hose and each culture vessel；
The rear side of each culture vessel has arranged air hose, makes it that circulated air to be uniformly sent into each culture vessel, then again from culture
The front portion of container returns to adjustable speed fan return air inlet.
The CO2 feed systems include：CO2 sources of the gas, solenoid valve；CO2 sources of the gas are connected by pipeline with solenoid valve, and with leading to
The return air inlet of wind system adjustable speed fan is connected；The CO2 of high concentration is set to be sufficiently mixed uniformly with air in air hose in advance.
The liquid-supplying system includes：Liquid reservoir tank, water pump, feed liquid pipeline, water regulating valve；Water pump is placed on liquid reserve
In case, liquid reservoir tank is connected with feed liquid pipeline, and water regulating valve is installed on the water outlet of each container；Nutrient solution or water lead to
The power and pipeline for crossing pump are entered in the culture vessel of device most last layer, then flow into next layer by the effect of gravity
In culture vessel, so circulation behind most one layer of bottom up to reaching fluid storage tank, after filtering, is fed again into most last layer culture appearance
Device；The water inlet and water outlet of each container are diagonal, the level control valve of the water outlet dress of each container, according to need
Want the pondage in any adjusting culture vessel.
The environmental control system includes：Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2 concentration sensor, display screen, control cabinet, humiture
Sensor is installed on inside culture vessel, CO2 concentration sensor be installed on wind turbine air outlet；The control cabinet, display screen, peace
Mounted in the top of device, it is connected between each component of control system with communication line.
The environmental control system includes：Plant variety identification module, plant growth situation identification module, environmental parameter are certainly
Adapt to adjustment module.
Plant variety identification module, to obtain the photo of plant, by the photo and floristics that plant is overall or local
Correspondence photo in database is compared, and chooses product of the corresponding plant variety of the highest photo of similarity as the plant
Kind.
Plant growth situation identification module, to identify the height of plant by range sensor, while according to plant
Growth time judges the growth situation of plant；If the plant height data obtained are less than the plant height of corresponding growth time, and
The difference of height is more than setting value, then it is assumed that the plant growth situation is not good enough.
Environmental parameter adaptive adjustment module, to according to plant variety, growth time section, plant growth situation, with reference to
Plant growth environment parameter control table, automatically adjusts corresponding environmental parameter；It is stored with plant growth environment parameter control table
Each plant variety, every environmental parameter of each period, and if record have plant growth situation it is not good enough when, corresponding environment
Parameters revision data；The amendment data are some groups, are used for system circulation；Using finding plant growth after one group of amendment data
Situation improves, then improves the priority for correcting data, and commending system preferentially uses.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 1, culture apparatus of the present invention includes：Stereoscopic multi-layer culturing rack 1, culture vessel 2, seed plate branch
Frame 3, LED light box 4, fan 5, fluid storage tank 6, water pump 7, liquid supply pipe 8, water regulating valve 9, compressor 10, adjustable speed fan 11, wind
Pipe, CO2 sources of the gas 13, solenoid valve, Temperature Humidity Sensor 15, CO2 concentration sensor 16, display screen 17, control cabinet 18.
Its connection mode is：Culture vessel, culture vessel are placed on culturing rack, one layer of culture vessel, container bottom
Liftable seed plate stent is placed in portion, for hanging culture plant.Between each layer culture vessel, gas is mutually to circulate
, but overall big culture space is closed.LED is placed in lamp box and is connected with fan, above culture vessel, self-contained
One, does not communicate with culture vessel.Water pump is placed in fluid storage tank, and fluid storage tank is connected with feed liquid pipeline, and water regulating valve is installed on
The water outlet of each container.Compressor is installed on the bottom of culture apparatus, and adjustable speed fan is installed on the top of device, and wind turbine leads to
Air hose is crossed to be connected with each culture vessel.CO2 sources of the gas are connected by pipeline with solenoid valve, and with being connected to the return air of adjustable speed fan
Mouthful, CO2 concentration sensor is installed on air outlet.The control cabinet of environmental control system, display screen, installed in the top of device, temperature
Humidity sensor is installed on inside culture vessel, CO2 concentration sensor be installed on wind turbine air inlet, each component of control system it
Between be connected with communication line.
The present invention is realized by following cultural method：By the use of porous material as culture substrate, such as：Vermiculite, treasure
Zhu Yan, peat soil etc., first carry out autoclaving by matrix, rear to add MS nutrient solutions (a large amount of members of not sugaring and organic matter, only addition
Element, molysite and trace element) stir evenly, it is fitted into the hole tray of cleaning, the stem section or plantlet that preparation is taken root is transplanted to cave
In disk, cultivated on the seed plate stent that is vacantly placed in culture vessel.During beginning, the circulation time of water is adjusted by liquid-supplying system
It is several that humidity is maintained at more than 95-100%, after being kept for a week, with the extension of incubation time, 85%, 75% is down to respectively
With 65%, until the humidity close to extraneous planting environment.Meanwhile the control of intensity of illumination grows from weak to strong, do not turn on light within the 0-1 days,
Later as the extension of incubation time gradually increases to 20 μm of olm-2·s-1,40μmol·m-2·s-1,60μmol·m-2·s-1,
80μmol·m-2·s-1,100μmol·m-2·s-1More than.The speed of air-flow from 10cm/s, 20cm/s, 40cm/s, 60cm/s,
Increase to 80cm/s.In short, the regulation and control of all environmental conditions are all around promotion plant growth, photosynthetic rate is improved, and make
The environment that plantlet is gradually adapted to out of culture vessel regulates and controls to planting environment conversion outside container.With the technical method culture, plant
Strain robust growth, well developed root system, can be with tape base replanting due to without sugar and agar, and when transplanting does not hinder root, and survival rate is high, raw
Long speed is fast, and management is simple.
In addition the advantage that plant is vacantly cultivated above current is in addition to cooling adjusts humidity, flowing and dissolving also then at water
The increase of oxygen, promotes the fast-growth of root system of plant, and passes through the number that circulates of water, control culture vessel easily and effectively
Interior air humidity.The present invention creates an optimal rhizospheric environment, the increasing of flowing water, dissolved oxygen for the growth of root system of plant
Add, the culture medium of sugar-free promote plant itself carry out photosynthesis, these factors can promote root system of plant formed and growth,
Significantly improve the rooting rate of plantlet.
CO2 controlled concentrations of the present invention are：C3 plant 1000-1500ppm, C4 plant 2000-2500ppm, CO2 supply when
Between it is synchronous with light application time.
The present invention by culture seedbed above mounted LED lamp case be used as plant illumination light source, LED light spectral limit is 400-
The feux rouges of 700nm white lights and 660nm, its ratio be：9：1.Because abundant blue light has been contained in white light, then appropriate supplement one
Point feux rouges, can be effectively promoted the photosynthetic rate of plantlet, make plantlet growth more preferably.
In addition, the light that LED light box of the present invention is sent is uniform, the illumination to culture bed surface be it is uniform,
It can so make plant strain growth uniform, improve the production capacity of unit culture area and the quality of seedling.
It is bad that the present invention solves growth and development of plants present in traditional tissue cultures, and physiology and appearance is disorderly, and deformity is raw
The problems such as long development delays or is dead, compared with traditional method for plant tissue culture, plant growth of the present invention is healthy and strong, seedling matter
Amount significantly improves, rooting rate up to 95% and on, cultivation cycle shorten 30-50%, improve 50% labor productivity, be produced into
This reduction, is conducive to the scale of plant fast propagation, is factory produced.In addition, the present invention revolutionize traditional tissue culture technique and
Production model, making plant tissue culture, the dream of numerous mechanization and automated control is achieved soon.
In conclusion plant tissue culture proposed by the present invention is taken root, the integrated culture apparatus of hardening and its cultural method,
Ensure to save space, save the time, it is inexpensive, on the premise of resources effective utilization rate, with reference to Plant Nutrition, plant growth ring
Border regulation and control, aerodynamics, photoelectricity, the basic principle of Equipment Landscape Gardening, make to which overcome plant tissue culture seedling rooting difficulty,
The problems such as transition shoot survival percent is low, cultivation cycle length, production cost is high, improves resource utilization to greatest extent and work produces
Rate, shortens cultivation cycle, reduces production cost.
Here description of the invention and application are illustrative, are not wishing to limit the scope of the invention to above-described embodiment
In.The deformation and change of embodiments disclosed herein are possible, real for those skilled in the art
The replacement and equivalent various parts for applying example are known.It should be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that the present invention is not being departed from
Spirit or essential characteristics in the case of, the present invention can in other forms, structure, arrangement, ratio, and with other components,
Material and component are realized.In the case where not departing from scope and spirit of the present invention, can to embodiments disclosed herein into
The other deformations of row and change.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of plant tissue culture is taken root, the cultural method of the integrated culture apparatus of hardening, it is characterised in that：
The culture apparatus includes plant cultivation system；The plant cultivation system includes：Stereoscopic multi-layer culturing rack, culture are held
Device, culture vessel are placed on culturing rack, and one layer of setting, one culture vessel in multiple layers of culturing rack, container bottom is placed can
The seed plate stent of lifting, for hanging culture plant；
Vacantly cultivated by plant above current, be that an optimal rhizospheric environment is created in the growth of root system of plant；In addition adopt
By the use of sugar-free culture-medium and porous material as culture substrate, according to the physiology of plant different stages of growth and photosynthetic need
Ask, dynamic Regulate Environment control parameter, adaptability and photosynthetic capacity of the plant to environment is continuously improved；The cultural method
Specifically comprise the following steps：
Include the one or more in vermiculite, perlite, peat soil by the use of porous material as culture substrate, culture substrate；First
Culture substrate is subjected to autoclaving, the rear MS nutrient solutions that add stir evenly, and are fitted into the hole tray of cleaning, the stem that preparation is taken root
Section or plantlet are transplanted in hole tray, are cultivated on the seed plate stent being vacantly placed in culture vessel；It is not added with MS nutrient solutions
Sugar and organic matter, only add a great number of elements, molysite and trace element；
During beginning, humidity is maintained at more than 95-100% by the cycle-index that water is adjusted by liquid-supplying system, after being kept for a week,
With the extension of incubation time, 85%, 75% and 65% is down to respectively, until the humidity close to extraneous planting environment；Meanwhile light
Control according to intensity grows from weak to strong, and does not turn on light within the 0-1 days, later as the extension of incubation time gradually increases to 20 μm of o lm-2·s-1,40μmo l·m-2·s-1,60μmo l·m-2·s-1, 80 μm of o lm-2·s-1,100μmo l·m-2·s-1With
On；The speed of air-flow increases to 80cm/s from 10cm/s, 20cm/s, 40cm/s, 60cm/s；In short, the tune of all environmental conditions
Control be all around promote plant growth, improve photosynthetic rate, and make plantlet gradually adapt to the environment out of culture vessel to
The outer planting environment conversion regulation and control of container；
CO2 controlled concentrations are set as：The time of C3 plant 1000-1500ppm, C4 plant 2000-2500ppm, CO2 supply and light
According to time synchronization；
By culture seedbed above mounted LED lamp case be used as plant illumination light source, LED light spectral limit is 400-700nm white lights
With the feux rouges of 660nm, its ratio be：9：1；Because having contained abundant blue light in white light, then some feux rouges is suitably supplemented, had
The photosynthetic rate of the promotion plantlet of effect, makes plantlet growth more preferably.
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