CN106577027B - A kind of cassava rapid propagation method based on Nutrient Mist - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution, comprising: first placing one end of a 20-30 cm cassava seed stem in a cultivation pot, and the other end extends out of the planting hole of the box cover plate and reserves 2-3 bud eyes are located on the outside, close the planting hole, add 1/2 concentration of nutrient solution into the culture pot, and spray the spray device for 30-35 days; after the root system of the cassava seed stem touches the culture pot, remove the lifting bracket to make the culture pot Place directly on the bearing platform, fix the cassava seed stem above the box cover plate by a fixing device, and change it to a nutrient solution of normal concentration to continue to cultivate; after cultivating for 85-90 days, place the cassava seed stem above the box cover plate Cut into several sections, continue to repeat steps 1 to 3 for cultivation or continue to cultivate for 15-20 days and then transplant to the field for planting; the temperature in the cultivation box is controlled at 20-28°C. The method has the advantages of ready reproduction, high reproduction rate, high survival rate and the like.

Description

A method for rapid propagation of cassava based on atomized nutrient solution

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant artificial cultivation, in particular to a rapid propagation method based on nutrient solution atomization.

Background technique

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), also known as sweet potato and cassava, belongs to the Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae) cassava (Manihot) shrubs. There are more than 100 species in the genus. Cassava is the only species suitable for economic cultivation, and the others are wild species. Its roots and leaves are edible. Mainly grown in tropical and subtropical regions.

Cassava is a kind of asexually propagated crop. Generally speaking, reproduction is relatively easy. Traditionally, mature lignified seed stems in cassava planting are used as seed stems in the second year, and the annual propagation speed is 10 to 15 times. Because the original breeding technology of cassava cannot meet the production needs of new varieties. The supply of improved seeds is in short supply, and it is urgent to speed up the propagation of improved cassava seed stems.

At present, South China Tropical Agriculture University has established a set of rapid propagation technology system of excellent cassava clones, and has carried out factory tissue culture to produce cassava seedlings. Some studies have also developed indoor rapid propagation techniques in vitro. However, due to the high cost and high cultivation conditions of tissue culture seedlings, it is still difficult to directly use them in production. At present, tissue culture seedlings are mainly used to increase the propagation speed of original seedlings of new varieties. When there is a certain seedling base After that, the seedlings are still propagated through the traditional cultivation of cassava.

The information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancing the understanding of the general background of the present invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art that is already known to those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid propagation method based on nutrient solution atomization, thereby overcoming the shortcoming of insufficient indoor traditional cassava reproductive capacity.

To achieve the above object, the invention provides a method for rapid propagation of cassava based on atomized nutrient solution, specifically comprising:

A cassava cultivation device is provided, which comprises: a cultivation box body, which is provided with a plurality of carrying platforms, the four sides of the carrying platform are drains, and the bottom of the cultivation box is provided with a plurality of drainage holes connecting the drainage channels; Body cover plate, which is a detachable structure, and the box cover plate is snapped on the incubator body to cover the incubator box body. The box body cover plate is provided with a plurality of planting holes; Lifting brackets are respectively arranged on the top of a plurality of said bearing platforms; cultivation pots, a plurality of cultivation basins are respectively arranged on several said lifting brackets, and each of the cultivation basins is provided with a supporting member; planting nets, a plurality of the cultivation basins The nets are respectively arranged above one of the support members, and the cultivation stones of a certain thickness are laid on the planting net; the fixing device is arranged above the plurality of planting holes; and the spraying device, the nozzles of the spraying devices are evenly arranged At the upper end of the incubator, it is used to spray the atomized nutrient solution on the culture pot;

The concrete steps of cassava rapid propagation method are:

Step 1, place the physiological bottom of the 20-30cm cassava seed stem in the box, and the other end extends out of the planting hole of the box cover plate and reserves 2-3 bud eyes to be located outside, the length of the seed stem is the same as the old one. The degree of maturity is inversely proportional, choose 20cm for the physiological bottom of the old mature stem or the same stem, and choose 30cm for the top. Close the planting hole, add 1/2 concentration of nutrient solution into the culture basin, spray and cultivate for 30-35 days with a spray device;

Step 2: After the root system of the cassava seed stem touches the culture pot, remove the lifting bracket so that the culture pot is directly placed on the bearing platform, fix the cassava seed stem above the box cover through the fixing device, and change the 1/2 concentration of the nutrient solution to Continue culturing with nutrient solution of normal concentration;

Step 3, after culturing for 85-90 days, cut off the cassava seed stems located above the box cover plate into several sections, continue to repeat steps 1 to 3 for cultivation or continue to cultivate for 15-20 days after rooting and transplanting to the field for planting;

Wherein, the temperature in the incubator is controlled at 20-28°C.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the cassava cultivation device also includes a liquid storage tank and a refrigerator, the water outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the spray device, and the water inlet of the liquid storage tank is connected to the drain hole; The refrigerating machine is connected to the liquid storage tank to refrigerate it.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the cassava cultivation device also includes a condensation pipe, the condensation pipe is arranged in the cultivation box, the water inlet end of the condensation pipe is connected to the water outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the water outlet is connected to the water outlet of the liquid storage tank. Inlet connection to the reservoir tank described above.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, in step 1, the periphery of the incubator is covered with a sunshade net.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the box cover is composed of a plurality of sub-covers interlocking with each other.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the fixing device includes: a support rod, a steel wire rope and a wrapper, the support rod is used to support the steel wire rope above the plurality of planting holes, and the plurality of wrappers are respectively set on the steel wire rope.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the cover plate adopts a double-occlusion structure in contact with the box body, so as to avoid mist loss to the greatest extent.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the spray device is an ultrasonic atomizer or a stainless steel spray head, and an observation door is provided on the side of the incubator.

Preferably, the above technical solution further includes partitions, and the plurality of partitions detachably separate the plurality of culture pots from each other.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the nutrient solution includes the following components: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, Iron salt solution 5ml/L and trace element solution 5ml/L.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the configuration method of the iron salt solution is as follows: dissolve 2.78 g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 3.73 g of disodium edetate in 500 ml of distilled water, and adjust the pH to 5.5;

The trace element solution contains the following components: potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, boric acid 6.2mg/L, manganese sulfate 22.3mg/L, zinc sulfate 8.6mg/L, sodium molybdate 0.25mg/L, copper sulfate 0.025mg/L and chloride Cobalt 0.025mg/L.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention provides a device and a method for rapid propagation of cassava, which has the advantages of ready-to-use multiplication, unlimited multiplication, tender stem multiplication, high multiplication rate, high survival rate and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a first structural diagram of an outdoor cassava cultivation device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a second structural diagram of an outdoor cassava cultivation device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a third structural diagram of an outdoor cassava cultivation device according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a first working flowchart of the nutrient solution of the liquid storage tank according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a second working flow chart of the nutrient solution of the liquid storage tank according to the present invention.

Explanation of main reference signs:

1-incubation box, 2-auxiliary hole, 3-carrying platform, 4-drainage hole, 5-drainage ditch, 6-observation door, 7-lifting bracket, 8-cabinet cover, 9-planting hole, 10- Planting net, 11-support, 12-occlusal structure.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "includes" or "includes" and the like will be understood to include the stated elements or constituents, and not Other elements or other components are not excluded.

Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 show the schematic structural diagrams of an outdoor cassava cultivation device based on nutrient solution atomization according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the outdoor cassava cultivation device based on nutrient solution atomization includes: a cultivation box 1, a casing cover plate 8, a lifting support 7, a cultivation basin, a planting net 10, a fixing device, a spraying device, a storage Liquid tank, refrigerator, condenser tube, sunshade net and partition.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a plurality of carrying platforms 3 are arranged in the incubating box body 1, and the surroundings of the carrying platform 3 are drains 5, and the bottom of the cultivating box body 1 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 4 connecting the drains 5 The side of the cultivation box 1 is provided with an observation door 6 to facilitate the non-destructive observation of the root system in a certain period of time. The two sides of the cultivation box 1 are also provided with a plurality of auxiliary holes 2, which are used for the entry and exit of pipelines and proper ventilation with the outside world; During implementation, the outer wall of the cultivation box 1 adopts a brick and cement structure with a thickness of at least 10cm; the inner diameter of the box can be 1.3m x 3.8m x 0.6m, and the bearing platform 3 is provided with 10cm high cement at the bottom of the box. And apart from inner wall 15cm, blank is set, and the blank of 10cm is arranged in the center as drainage ditch 5, and the L-shaped corner blank of 5cm is established at four corners, so that culture basin support is placed, i.e. lifting support 7. The purpose of this setting is to facilitate drainage.

A plurality of culture pots are respectively arranged on the bearing platform 3 by lifting bracket 7, wherein, several of these lifting brackets 7 are respectively arranged on the top of a plurality of bearing platforms, the purpose is to fix the height of the culture basin at about 25cm away from the top inner wall in the cassava seedling stage , and the height of the cultivation pot can be adjusted, and the support is removed in the later stage, and the cultivation pot is directly placed on the bottom to ensure the growth space and support of cassava roots in each period; the length and width of the cultivation pot are 1.2m×1.2m, and the thickness of the outer pot is 2cm. Each of these culture pots is provided with a support member 11, which is a 1.5cm high “X” shaped oblique bar to ensure that the draft height of the inner basin is only 0.5cm. The height of the inner basin is 0.5cm. The main role of the pots is to support the root system and to provide water for the cassava when there is no fog during power outages. When cultivating cassava, a plurality of the planting nets 10 are respectively arranged above a support member 11, and the planting nets 11 are bedding with culture stones of a certain thickness; the planting nets 10 are preferably 100 mesh gauzes, and the culture stones are preferably pearls with a thickness of about 2 cm. Rock, vermiculite, activated carbon (volume ratio 4:1:1), its role is to provide fixation for later tuber roots, and to prevent the water at the bottom of the cultivation pot from directly contacting the cassava root system, which is likely to cause root rot.

The box cover plate 8 is used to cover the cultivation box body 1, and the box body cover plate 8 is provided with a plurality of planting holes 9. In this embodiment, the box body cover plate 8 is formed by interlocking a plurality of sub-cover plates, and the box body The cover plate 8 is a occlusal structure, which can be disassembled, and the cassava can be observed without damage. For example, the cover plate 8 of the box body is 10 cm thick, and the cover plate 8 of the box body is divided into 4 sub-cover plates, and there are 3 linear gaps to form a detachable structure. Each slit is an occlusal structure. The planting hole 9 of box body cover plate 8 is used for placing cassava, can be arranged along the gap, apart from edge 25cm, planting hole 9 spacing 40cm, planting hole 9 diameter 5cm, sub cover plate adopts the mode of both sides to extrude and fix. This box cover plate 8 is in use, will accomplish to avoid rainwater from falling in the cultivation box body 1, promptly the box body cover plate 1 is connected to the upper end of the cultivation box body 1 by the occlusal structure 12, preferably double-layer occlusal structure, prevents The internal fog is lost, and the gaps are sealed with waterproof glue with a width of at least 5cm. There is a sponge pad around the bottom of the box cover 1 that contacts the box. The planting hole 9 is plugged with a sponge when not in use, and is covered with a cover to prevent rainwater from entering and the internal fog from being lost.

The fixing device is located above the multiple planting holes, and the fixing device includes: a support rod, a steel wire rope and a wrapper, and the support rod is used to support the steel wire rope above the multiple planting holes 9 (preferably 20 or 40 cm away from the cover plate, and adjustable ), a plurality of parcels are respectively arranged on the wire rope, and the cassava stem is wrapped with a sponge, such as the parcel is a sponge; the planting hole and the upper fixing device form 2 stress points, which can ensure that the cassava stem is fixed. When planting cassava, wrap the stem with a sponge and fix it at the planting hole. And wrap up along cassava seed stem with plastic film above each planting hole 9, and cover whole hole with plastic film, avoid rainwater to enter casing along hole gap.

A plurality of nozzles of the spraying device are evenly arranged on the upper end of the incubating box, and are used for spraying the atomized nutrient solution on the cultivating pot. The spraying device is an ultrasonic atomizer or a stainless steel nozzle. In order to ensure the uniformity of atomization, the fog particles should be 6-10μm. If an ultrasonic nebulizer is used as the mist source, it is advisable to use a plastic tube to introduce the mist into the box through the hole on the side of the incubator. The inside of the box is about 10cm away from the top of the box, and pay attention to adjusting the angle of the mist, especially when the nozzle is less than 20cm away from the root system, it is necessary to adjust the nozzle so that less mist can be sprayed directly on the root system to avoid flooding. The pump pressure should exceed 0.8MPa. The spray volume of the cultivation box should be greater than 6L/h to ensure the water requirement of cassava, and at the same time control the spray volume by controlling the spray time. Wherein, the culture box 1 can detachably separate a plurality of culture basins from each other through a plurality of partitions to form a plurality of independent spaces, and cut off the communication holes at the bottom. At the same time, stainless steel nozzles are used for spraying. Each box can hold 6 nozzles, and 3 on the walls on both sides to ensure the uniformity of the fog, so as to set up different test treatments.

As shown in Figure 4, the water outlet of the liquid storage tank is connected with the spraying device, and the water inlet of the liquid storage tank is connected with the drain hole 4 of the cultivation box body; the refrigerator is connected with the liquid storage tank to refrigerate it; the condensation pipe is located at In the incubator body 1, the water inlet end of the condensation pipe is connected with the water outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the liquid storage tank. The nutrient solution is stored in the liquid storage tank and used for the circulation of the refrigerator. The nutrient solution passes through the cooling water tank or the return-shaped condenser tube on the inner wall of the box to ensure that the temperature in the incubator is 25°C. After passing through the constant temperature nutrient solution, it is used to reduce the temperature of the box and stabilize it In a state suitable for cassava growth. The sunshade net covers the periphery of the incubator body 1, and the entire incubator body 1 is covered with double-layer 6-pin sunshade nets. The distance between the sunshade nets and the incubator body is about 50 cm, and the sunshade net directly above is directly laid on the box cover plate 8 , and cut in the same direction as the box cover plate 8 slits, so that it is convenient to take away the cassava for observation and control the temperature in the box at any time. In summer, when the temperature is too high at noon (over 33°C) and the sun is too strong, a 3-pin sunshade net should be placed over the entire cultivation device at noon (12:00-15:00) to avoid heat for cassava. Through the above measures, the temperature inside the box can be controlled at 26-28°C in summer and 24-26°C in winter.

Wherein, when the box is cultivated as a whole, the nutrient solution circulation is shown in Figure 4. The brief description is: cycle ①: the refrigerator keeps the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank at 25°C; cycle ②: the nutrient solution enters the box through the atomization device, is absorbed by the plants, and the excess nutrient solution passes through the cultivation basin, and after overflowing, it is cultivated The drainage hole in the lower part of the box returns to the liquid storage tank; circulation ③: the nutrient solution passes through the condensation pipe or condensation box on the wall of the tank and then returns to the liquid storage tank; circulation ④: uncommon circulation, that is, a temporary liquid storage tank is set up at a high place , When there is a long-term power failure, the nutrient solution in the temporary liquid storage tank located at a high place will directly cultivate the basin, and after overflowing, it will flow back to the liquid storage tank through the drain hole at the bottom of the tank.

When the incubator is divided into three parts by a partition, and three kinds of nutrient solutions are used for cultivation, the nutrient solution circulation is shown in Figure 2. The brief description is: cycle ①: the refrigerator keeps the coolant (must be pure water) at 25°C; cycle ②: the coolant returns to the storage place after passing through the condensation pipe/cooling box in the box. Circulation ③: The nutrient solution in each liquid storage tank is cooled by the respective condenser tubes placed in the cooling liquid and then returned to the liquid storage tank; Circulation ④: The nutrient solution enters the box through the atomization device and is absorbed by the plants. The excess nutrient solution After overflowing through the culture basin, it flows back to the respective liquid storage tanks through the drainage holes at the lower part of the incubator; Circulation ⑤: When there is a long-term power failure, the coolant in the spare temporary liquid storage tank placed at a high place directly enters the cultivation under the box body Basins, after overflowing, return to the liquid storage tanks of each nutrient solution through the drainage holes at the bottom of the box.

A kind of nutrient solution is also provided in this embodiment, based on the formula of macroelements, iron salt solution, and trace elements of Hoagland's formula, its original formula includes the following ingredients: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solution 5ml/L and trace element solution 5ml/L, pH=6.0.

The configuration method of the iron salt solution is: dissolve 2.78g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 3.73g of disodium edetate in 500ml of distilled water, and adjust the pH to 5.5;

The trace element solution contains the following components: potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, boric acid 6.2mg/L, manganese sulfate 22.3mg/L, zinc sulfate 8.6mg/L, sodium molybdate 0.25mg/L, copper sulfate 0.025mg/L and chloride Cobalt 0.025mg/L.

The nutrient solution of 0-35d (d is a day) adopts formula 1, which is 1/2 concentration of the above-mentioned original formula.

35-90d adopts formula 2, which is the above-mentioned original formula concentration.

Adopt the device of this embodiment to carry out cassava rapid propagation, concrete steps are:

(1) This method can use mature seed stems or twigs as propagation seed stems. Cassava seed stems are required to be larger than 25cm. The planting hole of the box cover is more than 10cm (reserve more than 3-5 seed buds). When planting, you need to apply petroleum jelly on the top of the stem to prevent the stem from losing water too quickly. When using twigs as stems, the tops can also be used directly, but the top leaves should be kept and the other leaves should be peeled off. Seed stems need to be sterilized by soaking with 1000 times carbendazim or topzine-methyl for 5-10 minutes before culturing.

Place the cassava seed stem in the hole of the box cover, wrap it with a sponge and fix it, and punch a hole in the middle of a plastic film of appropriate size, pass through the seed stem, and fix it close to the seed stem. The plastic film is scattered on the diffusion cover to cover the cover. Plate holes ensure that rainwater will not enter the box through the stem wall. The height of the culture basin at the bottom is adjusted to 25cm from the top of the box body through the lifting bracket. Spread 100-mesh gauze on the upper part of the culture pot, and spread perlite + vermiculite + activated carbon (4:1:1) about 2cm thick to ensure that the cassava root system does not directly contact the water in the lower layer and play a role in fixing and supporting the root system. The whole box is covered with sunshade net. The sunshade net around the box should be 40cm away from the box. The nutrient solution for 0-30d plant culture adopts 1/2 concentration of the improved Hoagland formula, and the spray device is sprayed for 30-35 days.

(2) In cassava cultivation, after the root system grows and touches the culture pot, remove the lifting support after the length is about 40 cm, and place the culture pot directly on the supporting platform, so that the root system is preferably in contact with the upper substrate of the culture pot. The stalks on the ground are fixed by the steel wire rope (20cm away from the cover plate) of the peripheral fixing device, and the nutrient solution of 1/2 concentration is changed to the nutrient solution of normal concentration at the same time to continue the cultivation.

(3) After 85-90 days, the height of cassava shoots is about 1m. The stalk can be cut into 4 parts, and the atomization culture can be continued for propagation, or the atomization culture can be continued for 15-20 days and then rooted and then transplanted in the field for field growth. . When the height of the aboveground part exceeds 60cm, the aboveground part is fixed on 20cm and 40cm high steel wire ropes at the same time to ensure that the stem is stable and wind-resistant. However, this fixing method cannot defend against large typhoons, and has no great advantage over the wind resistance of cassava planted and in the field.

(4) This propagation method takes 90 days as a cycle, which can realize 5 times value-added, that is, 1 plant becomes 5 plants. Considering that the bottom of the stem and the stem of the second bottom have about 25% probability in actual planting, double poles can be realized, namely On average, each plant can achieve 6-fold value increase. According to the climate conditions, 3.5-4 generations of reproduction can be achieved throughout the year, and the reproduction multiple within one year is 432-1296 times.

(5) The entire incubator needs to be placed indoors in winter or an incubator should be built indoors, and insulation measures should be taken to keep the indoor temperature within the range of 20-28°C; in other seasons, it should be placed outdoors or an incubator should be built outdoors , take the cooling measures mentioned above, the temperature inside the box can be controlled at 26-28 ℃.

When cultivating indoors, supplementary light should be used, requiring red and blue light 630nm:460nm=7:2, supplementary light intensity between 2500-3000lux, this method uses 144×3W lamp beads in actual operation, hanging on cassava 1.5m-2m Do not get too close, otherwise it may cause light pollution. The irradiation area of a single supplementary light is 3m×2m. As the cassava grows, the angle of the supplementary light needs to be adjusted so that it is inclined and parallel to the imaginary connection line between the position of the longest leaf of the cassava and the top of the cassava to achieve maximum illumination. Effect. The use of supplementary light can greatly alleviate the situation of increasing the internode spacing of cassava in the greenhouse, and can cultivate cassava seed stems suitable for field planting.

This ensures that the seed stems are propagated throughout the year. In addition, since the cover plate of the cultivation box has an occlusal structure, the whole cassava plant can be removed conveniently and without damage, which is also an important guarantee for this cultivation method.

Experimental results:

Application example 1: On September 16, 2015, 27 cassava seed stems (length 40cm) were selected and planted on the cultivation box. And take corresponding waterproof, temperature control, fixed measures. All plants survived.

After 7 days, the aboveground part and the underground part grew slightly; after 15 days, the root system developed obviously, and the height of new shoots in the aboveground part was about 15 cm; after 30 days, the root system grew a lot, and the root length reached 40 cm; after 40 days, the number of main roots reached 96.7±24.9, and the number of fibrous roots was large. Varying in length and distributed in large numbers. After 90 days, the height of the above ground has reached 1m.

Application example 2: 27 cassava plants were planted on April 16, 2016. All the plants survived, the aboveground parts of the plants grew vigorously, and the leaves were dark green; the root system was developed, and a large number of roots grew at the base and other positions.

The results of observing 14 plants after 45 days of cultivation are: the average root number is 105.9±45.2/plant, the average total root length is 1486.5±882.5cm/plant, and the average single root length is 28.2±6.2cm/plant; The height of the stem has reached 1m; these stems were cut off and re-propagated, and the height of the above-ground plant also reached 1m after 90 days. After truncation and rooting after 15 days of culture, it is planted in the field, and the survival rate reaches 98%. After normal growth, the plant height in winter reaches 1.5-2.5m.

It is worth noting that in this embodiment, whether it is the water used for cooling the liquid storage tank of the refrigerator or the water used in the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank, all water should be pure water, and the conductivity (25°C ± 1°C) ≤ 10us/ cm, it is not suitable to use tap water, it is recommended to use pure drinking water or purified water produced by laboratory reverse osmosis membrane pure water equipment. Pure water should be sterilized by ozone or ultraviolet light before use.

In summary, the present invention provides a device and method for rapid cassava propagation, which has the advantages of ready-to-use, unlimited propagation, tender stem propagation, high reproduction rate, and high survival rate.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling others skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various Choose and change. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. a method for fast propagation of cassava based on atomized nutrient solution, is characterized in that, specifically comprises: A cassava cultivation device is provided, comprising: The cultivation box is provided with a plurality of bearing platforms, the surroundings of the bearing platform are drainage ditch, and the bottom of the cultivation box is provided with a plurality of drain holes connecting the drainage ditch; A box cover, which is a detachable structure. The box cover is engaged with the cultivation box to cover the cultivation box. The box cover is provided with a plurality of planting holes; Lifting brackets, several lifting brackets are respectively arranged on the top of a plurality of said bearing platforms; Cultivation basins, a plurality of cultivation basins are set on several lifting supports respectively, each of the cultivation basins is provided with a supporting piece; A planting net, a plurality of the planting nets are respectively arranged above one of the supports, and the planting nets are laid with a certain thickness of cultivation stones; a fixing device, which is arranged above a plurality of the planting holes; and A spraying device, a plurality of nozzles of the spraying device are evenly arranged on the upper end of the incubator, and are used to spray the atomized nutrient solution on the cultivating pot; The concrete steps of cassava rapid propagation method are: Step 1, place one end of a cassava seed stem of 20-30cm in the cultivation pot, the other end extends out of the planting hole of the box cover plate and reserves 2-3 kinds of bud eyes to be located outside, and close the planting at the same time hole, add 1/2 concentration of nutrient solution into the culture basin, and spray with a spray device for 30-35 days; Step 2, after the root system of the cassava seed stem touches the culture pot, remove the lifting support so that the culture pot is directly placed on the bearing platform, fix the cassava seed stem above the box cover through the fixing device, and simultaneously put 1/2 concentration The nutrient solution was changed to the nutrient solution of normal concentration to continue the cultivation; Step 3, after culturing for 85-90 days, cut off the cassava seed stems located above the box cover plate into several sections, continue to repeat steps 1 to 3 for cultivation or continue to cultivate for 15-20 days after rooting and transplanting to the field for planting; Wherein, the temperature in the incubator is controlled at 20-28°C. 2. the cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that, cassava cultivation device also comprises liquid storage tank and refrigerator, and the water outlet of this liquid storage tank is connected with described spraying device, The water inlet of the liquid storage tank is connected with the drain hole; the refrigerator is connected with the liquid storage tank for cooling. 3. the cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 2, is characterized in that, cassava cultivation device also comprises condensation pipe, and this condensation pipe is located in described cultivation box body, and the water inlet of described condensation pipe The end is connected with the water outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the water outlet is connected with the water inlet of the liquid storage tank. 4. the cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the step 1, cover sunshade net on the periphery of described cultivation box body. 5. The method for rapid propagation of cassava based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, the casing cover plate is composed of a plurality of sub-cover plates interlocking with each other. 6. the cassava rapid multiplication method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described fixing device comprises: support bar, steel wire rope and parcel, and described support bar is used for described steel wire rope is supported on Above the plurality of planting holes, a plurality of wrappers are respectively arranged on the steel wire ropes. 7. The cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, the spray device is an ultrasonic atomizer or a stainless steel nozzle, and the side of the cultivation box is provided with an observation door. 8. the cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises dividing plate, and a plurality of said dividing plates are mutually separated by a plurality of described cultivation basins in a detachable manner . 9. the cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nutrient solution comprises following composition: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 945mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, ammonium nitrate 80mg/L L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, magnesium sulfate 493mg/L, iron salt solution 5ml/L and trace element solution 5ml/L. 10. the cassava rapid propagation method based on atomized nutrient solution according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the configuration method of iron salt solution is: ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 2.78g, disodium edetate 3.73g Dissolve in 500ml distilled water and adjust the pH to 5.5; The trace element solution contains the following components: potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, boric acid 6.2mg/L, manganese sulfate 22.3mg/L, zinc sulfate 8.6mg/L, sodium molybdate 0.25mg/L, copper sulfate 0.025mg/L and chloride Cobalt 0.025mg/L.