CN105103819A - Storage method for cassava tender tubers - Google Patents

Storage method for cassava tender tubers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105103819A
CN105103819A CN201510623473.1A CN201510623473A CN105103819A CN 105103819 A CN105103819 A CN 105103819A CN 201510623473 A CN201510623473 A CN 201510623473A CN 105103819 A CN105103819 A CN 105103819A
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Prior art keywords
storage
cassava
spray stem
spray
straw
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CN201510623473.1A
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CN105103819B (en
Inventor
谢向誉
严华兵
陆柳英
曾文丹
周慧文
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Institute of Economic Crops of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Economic Crops of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention provides a storage method for cassava tender tubers. The storage method comprises the following steps that the tender tubers are treated before storage; a storage spot is selected; a storage facility and materials are prepared; a greenhouse is erected, storage pits with the depth of 30-60 cm are arranged in the greenhouse, and padding materials and heat preservation pipes are prepared, wherein the padding materials comprise perlite and straw, the heat preservation pipes are hollow, and through holes are formed in the heat preservation pipes in the axial direction every other 15-18 cm; the storage pits and the storage facility are sterilized, the heat preservation pipes are vertically inserted into the storage pits, the perlite with the thickness of 8-12 cm is laid at the bottoms of the storage pits, then the straw with the thickness of 3-8 cm is laid, the treated tender tubers are put on the straw, the tops of the tender tubers are covered with the straw with the thickness of 12-18 cm, then the perlite with the thickness of 3-8 cm is laid, the heat preservation pipes are made to stretch out of the tops, and the temperature and the humidity in the heat preservation pipes are measured regularly in management according to weather conditions. By means of the technical scheme, the high survival rate of the tender tubers is achieved, and the method is simple and low in cost.

Description

A kind of storage practice of cassava spray stem
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, particularly relate to a kind of storage practice of cassava spray stem.
Background technology
Cassava maturation plants stem storage, generally has following several large class: stack the methods such as storage in air storage storage, the storage of live body field, buried stacking storage, booth.Current is more, selects the place that physical features is higher, spray stem is placed directly in outdoor storage, then blinding 15cm, upper cover one deck horticultural covering film.But the storage of cassava spray stem utilizes above method to store, survival rate is low, especially under Winter in Guangxi low temperature and moistening weather, is very easy to inactivation, thus loses a large amount of valuable breeding material.
Summary of the invention
For above technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of storage practice of cassava spray stem, the natural conditions of the utilization this locality of suiting measures to local conditions, have higher spray stem survival rate, and method is simple, cost is low, is suitable for applying in rural area.
To this, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A storage practice for cassava spray stem, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: spray stem storage pre-treatment;
Step S2: select storage locations;
Step S3: prepare storage facilities and material;
Erection booth, is provided with the storage hole that 30 ~ 60cm is dark, gets out bedding and padding and insulating tube in booth; Wherein, described bedding and padding comprise perlite and straw; Described insulating tube leads in being, and axially 15 ~ 18cm place is provided with ventilation hole at insulating tube; Adopt this technical scheme, make insulating tube and storage cheat in forms inner loop, temperature and humidity is consistent, and is convenient to measure and regulate epidemic disaster, and the not easily appearance phenomenon that locally temp. and humidity is too high; And perlite density is little, light, vapor-permeable type is good, insulation, and water absorption rate is little, conveniently regulates humidity; Than good by sand effect.
Step S4: preserve;
Before storage, storage hole and storage facilities are carried out disinfection, be inserted in storage hole by perpendicular for insulating tube, the thick perlite of 8 ~ 12cm is laid in the bottom in storage hole, re-lay the straw that 3 ~ 8cm is thick, the spray stem then handled well by step S1 is placed on straw, then the rice straw mulching at the top of spray stem with 12 ~ 18cm, re-lay the perlite that 3 ~ 8cm is thick, and make heat-preservation cylinder stretch out top.Adopt this technical scheme, heat-preservation cylinder exceeds windrow, convenient ventilated with the external world, puts desiccant etc., is convenient to regulate temp. and humidity.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S4, described storage hole and storage facilities adopt formalin solution to carry out disinfection.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S4, described being placed on by the spray stem handled well on straw lays 18 ~ 20cm thickness, perlite is sprinkled appropriate in the spray stem space handled well, at the rice straw mulching that the top 12 ~ 18cm of the spray stem handled well is thick, re-lay the perlite that 3 ~ 8cm is thick, and make heat-preservation cylinder stretch out top 5 ~ 10cm, and the oral area of heat-preservation cylinder is sealed.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S1, described spray stem storage pre-treatment is specially: when ground temperature is 10 ~ 14 DEG C, cassava spray stem is cut into smooth flat, the spray stem gathered in the crops is soaked 0.5 ~ 2h at lucifuge place abscisic acid, at lucifuge ventilation airing, to the disinfection of described cassava spray stem after airing, again seal two after airing.
Adopt abscisic acid, be conducive to promoting spray stem deep-sleep, improve immunity, improve the storage survival rate of cassava spray stem.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S1, the concentration of described abscisic acid is 6mol/l.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S1, described cassava spray stem adopts the potassium permanganate of 0.15% mass content to carry out disinfection.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S1, described cassava spray stem is classified according to order and length, thickness end to end, the standby storage of row labels of going forward side by side.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S2, described storage locations is selected on the slight slope of a Northern Dynasties south, the gradient 10 ~ 20 °.Adopt this technical scheme, because back of the body north can the invasion and attack of wind sheltering, in hole, temperature is comparatively stable, and the ground of inclination is conducive to draining, and rainwater is easy to leak not, easily pushes away and hold certain humidity in hole.
Preferred further, the gradient of described slight slope is 15 degree.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S3, described bedding and padding also comprise straw, and the water content of described straw is 50% ~ 70%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described insulating tube is thick bamboo tube, and described thick bamboo tube is provided with 4 ventilation holes every 15 ~ 18cm place.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S3, described insulating tube is arranged on the center in storage hole.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step S3, the density that described insulating tube is arranged is every square meter one.
As a further improvement on the present invention, also comprise:
Step S5: duration of storage manages, duration of storage to monitor the temperature and humidity in canopy and in heat-preservation cylinder every day, and temperature is controlled at 10 ~ 14 degree, and humidity is between 50 ~ 70%.
Further preferred, before duration of storage 15 days, monitor the temperature and humidity in canopy and in heat-preservation cylinder every day, and temperature is controlled at 10 ~ 14 degree, humidity was between 50 ~ 70%.
As a further improvement on the present invention, if described heat-preservation cylinder humidity is lower than 50%, then atomized water spray in described heat-preservation cylinder, if described heat-preservation cylinder humidity is higher than 70%, then hangs desiccant, and ventilates to heat-preservation cylinder in heat-preservation cylinder.
As a further improvement on the present invention, if temperature is lower than 10 degree in heat-preservation cylinder, then at Surface mulch one deck canopy film; If temperature is higher than 14 degree in heat-preservation cylinder, then the oral area of heat-preservation cylinder is opened, also do not drop to 14 degree as insulation nozzle is opened rear temperature, then open outer horticultural covering film, and cover with shade net.
Preferred further, a kind of storage practice of cassava spray stem, comprises the following steps:
1, spray stem storage pre-treatment;
Select, with sharp secateurs, cassava spray stem to be cut into smooth flat fine afternoon, gathered in the crops spray stem and soaked 1 hour with the abscisic acid of 6mol/l immediately at lucifuge place, soaked at lucifuge ventilation airing;
Adopt the potassium permanganate of 0.15% to carry out spray disinfectant process to it after airing, subsequently spray stem is put in shady and cool ventilation place airing, seals two with grafting membrane, classify according to order and length, thickness end to end, the standby storage of row labels of going forward side by side;
2, the selection of storage locations
Should select on a Northern Dynasties south, the gradient about 15 °, well-drained slight slope.Because can the invasion and attack of wind sheltering in back of the body north, in hole, temperature be comparatively stable, and the ground of inclination is conducive to draining, and rainwater is easy to leak not, easily pushes away and hold certain humidity in hole.
3, storage must facility and material preparation
Set up one at the storage locations horticultural covering film chosen simple and easyly to open and airtight booth, in booth, dig the rectangle shallow hole of 30 ~ 60 centimetres, length and width are depending on kind of a stem; By perlite, dry in the air to water content about 60% straw, in logical complete thick bamboo tube, Hygrothermograph get ready, and thick bamboo tube axially opened 4 apertures every the place of 15 ~ 18cm;
4, preserve
Storage point need be ready in spray stem results for first 1 day.That morning formalin solution carries out disinfection to storage hole room and storage facilities etc., is preserved by the spray stem handled well in that afternoon; First erect in center, room, hole the thick bamboo tube inserted and get ready, about 10cm is covered with perlite bottom room, hole, and then with rice straw mulching about 5 centimeters, cassava spray stem is placed on above straw according to the thickness of 20cm, appropriate perlite is sprinkling upon between spray stem space, the straw of 5cm is put on upper strata again, straw is placed again the spray stem of 20cm thickness, be sprinkled into appropriate between spray stem space, the like, cover at the straw of top 15cm, spread the perlite of about 5cm above, thick bamboo tube spills top about 8cm, by it with sealing.
5, duration of storage management
Duration of storage was at first 15 days, to go to observe in canopy temp. and humidity with Hygrothermograph and measure in hole in thick bamboo tube every day and preserve temp. and humidity, guarantee suitable temp. and humidity, temperature is at about 10 ~ 14 degree, humidity, between 50 ~ 70%, is crossed I as humidity and is taked the form of suitably spraying in thick bamboo tube to solve, as humidity is too high, hang desiccant and thick bamboo tube ventilation etc. and solve in employing thick bamboo tube, temperature is too low can at Surface mulch one deck canopy film, too highly thick bamboo tube open pore can be opened.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The first, adopt technical scheme of the present invention, substantially increase the survival rate after storage, better utilize valuable breeding material.
The second, the natural conditions of the utilization this locality of suiting measures to local conditions, have higher spray stem survival rate, and method is simple, is convenient to apply in rural area.
3rd, be particularly suitable for picture Guangxi province winter low temperature and moistening weather, the method compares constant temperature moist chamber method, and cost is lower.
Embodiment
Below preferably embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The storage means in cassava spray winter, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: spray stem storage pre-treatment
A, when local mercury dropped is to 10 ~ 14 DEG C, select, with sharp secateurs, cassava spray stem to be cut into smooth flat fine afternoon, gather in the crops spray stem and soaked 1 hour with the abscisic acid of 6mol/l immediately at lucifuge place, at lucifuge ventilation airing after having soaked; Mainly promote spray stem deep-sleep with abscisic acid, improve immunity.
Adopt the potassium permanganate of 0.15% mass content to carry out spray disinfectant process to it after b, airing, subsequently spray stem is put in shady and cool ventilation place airing, seals two with grafting membrane, classify according to order and length, thickness end to end, the standby storage of row labels of going forward side by side;
Step S2: the selection of storage locations
A Northern Dynasties south should be selected, the gradient is 14 ~ 16 °, on well-drained slight slope.Because can the invasion and attack of wind sheltering in back of the body north, in hole, temperature be comparatively stable, and the ground of inclination is conducive to draining, and rainwater is easy to leak not, easily pushes away and hold certain humidity in hole.
Step S3: storage must facility and material preparation
Set up one at the storage locations horticultural covering film chosen simple and easyly to open and airtight booth, in booth, dig the rectangle shallow hole of 30 ~ 60 centimetres, length and width are depending on kind of a stem; By perlite, dry in the air to water content about 60% straw, in logical complete thick bamboo tube, Hygrothermograph get ready, and thick bamboo tube opened 4 apertures every the place of 15-18cm;
Step S4: storage
Storage point need be gathered in the crops at spray and be ready to for first 1 day.That morning formalin solution carries out disinfection to storage hole room and storage facilities etc., is preserved by the spray stem handled well in that afternoon; First erect in center, room, hole the thick bamboo tube inserted and get ready, about 10cm is covered with perlite bottom room, hole, and then with rice straw mulching about 5 centimeters, cassava spray stem is placed on above straw according to the thickness of 20cm, appropriate perlite is sprinkling upon between spray stem space, the straw of 5cm is put on upper strata again, straw is placed again the spray stem of 20cm thickness, be sprinkled into appropriate between spray stem space, the like, cover at the straw of top 15cm, spread the perlite of about 5cm above, thick bamboo tube spills top about 8cm, by it with sealing.
Step S5: duration of storage manages
Duration of storage was at first 15 days, to go to observe in canopy temp. and humidity with Hygrothermograph and measure in hole in thick bamboo tube every day and preserve temp. and humidity, guarantee suitable temp. and humidity, namely temperature is at about 10 ~ 14 degree, humidity is between 50 ~ 70%, crossing I as humidity takes the form of suitably spraying in thick bamboo tube to solve, as humidity is too high, hang desiccant and thick bamboo tube ventilation etc. in employing thick bamboo tube and solve, temperature is too low can at Surface mulch one deck canopy film, too highly thick bamboo tube open pore can be opened or open horticultural covering film, adopt shade net to cover booth.
Comparative example 1
Adopt conventional method to carry out the storage of cassava spray stem, be specially: select the place that physical features is higher, spray stem is placed directly in outdoor storage, and then blinding 15cm is thick, and at upper cover one deck horticultural covering film.
After adopting the method for embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 to store cassava spray stem respectively, taken out by cassava spray stem in spring, and test its correlated performance, comparing result is as shown in table 1; And the transplanting survival rate of the cassava spray stem of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 is contrasted, as shown in Table 2 below.
From table 1, after adopting technical scheme of the present invention to store, the survival rate of cassava spray stem is much higher than the survival rate of the conventional method of comparative example 1, and withered rate reduces greatly, and keep better germinating capacity, percentage of water loss is better low; From table 2, after adopting technical scheme of the present invention to store, the transplanting survival rate of cassava spray stem is greatly improved, and is convenient to better utilize valuable breeding material; The method of technical solution of the present invention is simple, and be convenient to apply in rural area, cost is also very low.
Performance comparison table after the storage of the cassava spray stem of table 1 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
The transplanting survival rate contrast table of the cassava spray stem of table 2 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a storage practice for cassava spray stem, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: spray stem storage pre-treatment;
Step S2: select storage locations;
Step S3: prepare storage facilities and material; Erection booth, arranges the storage hole that 30 ~ 60cm is dark, gets out bedding and padding and insulating tube in booth; Wherein, described bedding and padding comprise perlite and straw; Described insulating tube leads in being, and is axially provided with ventilation hole every 15 ~ 18cm place at insulating tube;
Step S4: before storage, storage hole and storage facilities are carried out disinfection, be inserted in storage hole by perpendicular for insulating tube, the thick perlite of 8 ~ 12cm is laid in the bottom in storage hole, re-lay the straw that 3 ~ 8cm is thick, the spray stem then handled well by step S1 is placed on straw, then the rice straw mulching at the top of spray stem with 12 ~ 18cm, re-lay the perlite that 3 ~ 8cm is thick, and make heat-preservation cylinder stretch out top.
2. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S1, described spray stem storage pre-treatment is specially: when ground temperature is 10 ~ 14 DEG C, cassava spray stem is cut into smooth flat, the spray stem gathered in the crops is soaked 0.5 ~ 2h at lucifuge place abscisic acid, at lucifuge ventilation airing, to the disinfection of described cassava spray stem after airing, again seal two after airing.
3. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the concentration of described abscisic acid is 6mol/l; Described cassava spray stem adopts the potassium permanganate of 0.15% mass content to carry out disinfection.
4. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S2, and described storage locations is selected on the slight slope of a Northern Dynasties south, the gradient 10 ~ 20 °.
5. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S3, described bedding and padding also comprise straw, and the water content of described straw is 50% ~ 70%.
6. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in step S3, and described insulating tube is thick bamboo tube, and described thick bamboo tube is provided with 4 ventilation holes every 15 ~ 18cm place.
7. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described insulating tube is arranged on the center in storage hole.
8. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S4, described being placed on by the spray stem handled well on straw lays 18 ~ 20cm thickness, at the rice straw mulching that the top 12 ~ 18cm of the spray stem handled well is thick, re-lay the perlite that 3 ~ 8cm is thick, make heat-preservation cylinder stretch out top 5 ~ 10cm, and the oral area of heat-preservation cylinder is sealed.
9. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Step S5: duration of storage manages, duration of storage, monitor the temperature and humidity in canopy and in heat-preservation cylinder every day, and temperature is controlled at 10 ~ 14 degree, humidity is between 50-70%.
10. the storage practice of cassava spray stem according to claim 9, is characterized in that: if described heat-preservation cylinder humidity is lower than 50%, then atomized water spray in described heat-preservation cylinder; If described heat-preservation cylinder humidity higher than 70%, then hangs desiccant in heat-preservation cylinder, and ventilates to heat-preservation cylinder; If temperature is lower than 10 degree in heat-preservation cylinder, then at Surface mulch one deck canopy film; If temperature is higher than 14 degree in heat-preservation cylinder, then the oral area of heat-preservation cylinder is opened or opened horticultural covering film, adopt shade net to cover booth.
CN201510623473.1A 2015-09-28 2015-09-28 Storage method for cassava tender tubers Expired - Fee Related CN105103819B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106034578A (en) * 2016-06-04 2016-10-26 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 High-latitude area cassava seed stem simple storage method
CN106359578A (en) * 2016-08-25 2017-02-01 祥云吉才农业科技有限公司 Chestnut storage method being capable of effectively preventing pests and reducing mildewing rate
CN110338215A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-10-18 湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所 A kind of storage practice of jerusalem artichoke stem tuber room temperature

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103430712A (en) * 2013-09-10 2013-12-11 周冠旻 Method for storing cassava seed stems
CN104137713A (en) * 2014-06-19 2014-11-12 福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 Simple manihot esculenta crantz seed stem storage method
CN104365298A (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-25 龚玉 Cassava seed overwinter storage method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104365298A (en) * 2013-08-12 2015-02-25 龚玉 Cassava seed overwinter storage method
CN103430712A (en) * 2013-09-10 2013-12-11 周冠旻 Method for storing cassava seed stems
CN104137713A (en) * 2014-06-19 2014-11-12 福建省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 Simple manihot esculenta crantz seed stem storage method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106034578A (en) * 2016-06-04 2016-10-26 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 High-latitude area cassava seed stem simple storage method
CN106034578B (en) * 2016-06-04 2018-06-12 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 High latitude area cassava seed stems simplicity storage practice
CN106359578A (en) * 2016-08-25 2017-02-01 祥云吉才农业科技有限公司 Chestnut storage method being capable of effectively preventing pests and reducing mildewing rate
CN110338215A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-10-18 湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所 A kind of storage practice of jerusalem artichoke stem tuber room temperature

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