CN105075601A - Planting method beneficial to improve yield of potatoes - Google Patents
Planting method beneficial to improve yield of potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105075601A CN105075601A CN201510486539.7A CN201510486539A CN105075601A CN 105075601 A CN105075601 A CN 105075601A CN 201510486539 A CN201510486539 A CN 201510486539A CN 105075601 A CN105075601 A CN 105075601A
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- potato
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method beneficial to improve yield of potatoes. The planting method beneficial to improve yield of potatoes comprises steps: 1 soil preparation, a soil plough layer is deep, flat in terrain and convenient to drain and irrigate, 2500-2800 kg farmyard manure and 15-30kg nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium mixed fertilizer are fertilized in each per mu after deep ploughing, and are finely tilled and leveled; 2 the potatoes are cut into 30-40 chips, each potato chip should keep at least a crown, the crowns are vertically cut to be potato chips, and are germinated after wounds heal, dual rows are planted in a ridge, the ridging spacing is 95cm, the small spacing is 25cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and the distances from seed tubers to ridge surfaces are 15-18cm when seeding; 3 topdressing; 4 field management; and 5 recovery. The planting method beneficial to improve yield of the potatoes optimizes seeding method, manuring method and filed management method of the potatoes aiming to the demands of growth regularity and nutrients of the potatoes, and obviously improves yield of the potatoes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of crops, particularly a kind of implantation methods being beneficial to raising potato yield.
Background technology
Potato (formal name used at school: SolanumtuberosumL., English: Potato) to have another name called potato, potato, potato, potato, Dutch potato etc., belonging to Solanaceae Solanum tuber crops, is the important grain dish dual-purpose type crops of China, its strong adaptability, output is high, nutritious, have the title of " gold egg " of " underground apple ", " the second bread ", farmer richness, is a kind of Main Foods on the world grain market, and be the important raw material of industry, there is great Development volue.
But the potato yield of planting out by traditional planting technology on average every mu at about 3000 kilograms, there is the problems such as damage by disease and insect is many, quality is not good with the potato that existing implantation methods is planted in addition, cause potato yield to be difficult to obtain new breakthrough.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: provide a kind of and be beneficial to the implantation methods improving potato yield.This implantation methods comprises wholely, sow, topdress and field management.The present invention, by optimizing the type of seeding of potato, topdressing method and field management method etc., significantly improves the output of potato.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The implantation methods of potato of the present invention, comprises wholely, sows, topdresses and field management, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) wholely: soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, execute farmyard manure 2500 ~ 2800kg for every mu after deep ploughing, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15 ~ 30kg, carefully ploughs, leveling;
(2) potato is cut into the fritter of 30-40g, each potato block at least should retain a terminal bud, and wherein terminal bud rip cutting is divided into potato block; Vernalization is carried out after wound healing; Carry out a ridge duplicate rows plantation, row spacing 95cm, little line-spacing 25cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, during sowing, kind block pushes up 15 ~ 18cm to ridge;
(3) topdress: be 0.8:0.5:1.8 according to the weight ratio of N P and K three, topdress at least one times;
(4) field management: light irrigation water 1 time after the neat seedling of potato, emerges and finally pours water afterwards 1 time for 60 ~ 70 days;
(5) gather: after potato maturation, gather in time.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprise following technical characteristic, in described step (1), the degree of depth of soil deeptillage is 30 ~ 40cm.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprising following technical characteristic, in described step (2), the potato block cut being placed on moistening, shady and cool, ventilation and tedding.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprise following technical characteristic, in described step (2), the time of tedding is 7-8h.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprise following technical characteristic, tedding temperature in described step (2) is 20 ~ 25 DEG C.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprise following technical characteristic, in described step (2), vernalization is stacked layer by layer by potato block, piles high 15-25cm.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprising following technical characteristic, can pour water according to precipitation and soil regime in described step (4) field management, and carry out pest control in time in field management process.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprise following technical characteristic, in the middle field management of described step (4), weeds are with seeing with removing.
Further, in order to better realize the present invention, also comprise following technical characteristic, at the potato florescence in described step (3), every mu imposes superphosphate 18 ~ 20kg again.
Find through test of many times, according to soil fertility situation, be that 0.8:0.5:1.8 topdresses at least 1 time according to the weight ratio of N P and K three, the output of potato can be significantly improved.Potato typically likes potassium plant, therefore should many potassium applications at potato raw long period.At the potato florescence, every mu imposes superphosphate 18 ~ 20kg again, can improve the output of potato further.
In above-mentioned field management method, the extermination of disease and insect pest should be carried out to potato in time.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
Implantation methods of the present invention, for the growth rhythm of potato and the demand of nutrient component, is optimized the type of seeding of potato, topdressing method and field management method, significantly improves the output of potato.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
Described in the present embodiment, the implantation methods of potato is as follows:
(1) wholely: soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, deep ploughing 40cm, execute farmyard manure 2500kg for every mu, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15kg, in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the weight ratio of N P and K three is 0.8:0.5:1.8;
(2) potato is cut into the fritter of 30g, each potato block at least should retain terminal bud, and wherein 2 or 3 potato blocks are all assigned in terminal bud rip cutting; The potato block cut is put in moistening, shady and cool, ventilation airing 8h in time, and airing temperature is 20 DEG C, after wound healing, carry out vernalization; During vernalization, potato block is stacked layer by layer, pile high 15cm, under temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 60% condition, carry out vernalization to length 0.4cm; Carry out a ridge duplicate rows plantation, row spacing 95 centimetres, little line-spacing 25 centimetres, spacing in the rows 30 centimetres, during sowing, kind block pushes up 15cm to ridge;
(3) topdressing: according to soil fertility situation, can be that 0.8:0.5:1.8 topdresses 1 time according to the weight ratio of N P and K three; At the potato florescence, every mu imposes superphosphate 18kg again.
(4) field management: light irrigation water 1 time after the neat seedling of potato, emerges and finally pours water afterwards 1 time for 60 days, pour water during field management according to precipitation and soil moisture situation, and weeds with seeing with removing, and should carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest in time;
(5) gather: after potato maturation, gather in time.
In implantation methods described in the present embodiment, potato average yield per mu 4510 kilograms.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment provides the implantation methods of a kind of potato, comprises the following steps:
(1) wholely: soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, deep ploughing 40cm, execute farmyard manure 2700kg for every mu, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15kg, in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the weight ratio of N P and K three is 0.8:0.5:1.8;
(2) potato is cut into the fritter of 40g, each potato block at least should retain terminal bud, and wherein 2 or 3 potato blocks are all assigned in terminal bud rip cutting; The potato block cut is put in moistening, shady and cool, ventilation airing 7h in time, and airing temperature is 25 DEG C, after wound healing, carry out vernalization; During vernalization, potato block is stacked layer by layer, pile high 25cm, under temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 60% condition, carry out vernalization to length 0.4cm; Carry out a ridge duplicate rows plantation, row spacing 95 centimetres, little line-spacing 25 centimetres, spacing in the rows 30 centimetres, during sowing, kind block pushes up 15cm to ridge;
(3) topdressing: according to soil fertility situation, can be that 0.8:0.5:1.8 topdresses 2 times according to the weight ratio of N P and K three; At the potato florescence, every mu imposes superphosphate 19kg again.
(4) field management: light irrigation water 1 time after the neat seedling of potato, emerges and finally pours water afterwards 1 time for 65 days, pour water during field management according to precipitation and soil moisture situation, and weeds with seeing with removing, and should carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest in time;
(5) gather: after potato maturation, gather in time.
In implantation methods described in the present embodiment, potato average yield per mu 4380 kilograms.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment provides a kind of implantation methods improving potato yield, comprises the following steps:
(1) wholely: soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, deep ploughing 40cm, execute farmyard manure 2800kg for every mu, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15kg, in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the weight ratio of N P and K three is 0.8:0.5:1.8;
(2) potato is cut into the fritter of 35g, each potato block at least should retain terminal bud, and wherein 2 potato blocks are all assigned in terminal bud rip cutting; The potato block cut is put in moistening, shady and cool, ventilation airing 7h in time, and airing temperature is 20 DEG C, after wound healing, carry out vernalization; During vernalization, potato block is stacked layer by layer, pile high 15cm, under temperature 23 DEG C, humidity 60% condition, carry out vernalization to length 0.5cm; Carry out a ridge duplicate rows plantation, row spacing 95 centimetres, little line-spacing 25 centimetres, spacing in the rows 30 centimetres, during sowing, kind block pushes up 15cm to ridge;
(3) topdressing: according to soil fertility situation, can be that 0.8:0.5:1.8 topdresses 1 time according to the weight ratio of N P and K three; At the potato florescence, every mu imposes superphosphate 19kg again.
(4) field management: light irrigation water 1 time after the neat seedling of potato, emerges and finally pours water afterwards 1 time for 70 days;
(5) gather: after potato maturation, gather in time.
In implantation methods described in the present embodiment, potato average yield per mu 4570 kilograms.
Comprehensive above-described embodiment 1-3, implantation methods of the present invention can make the per mu yield of potato reach 4350 ~ 4570 kilograms.
Comparative example 1:
(1) wholely: soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, first crop crop is lower wheat, are advisable in barley, soybean, rape plot; Deep ploughing 40cm, execute farmyard manure 2500kg for every mu, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 20kg, in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the weight ratio of N P and K three is 1:1:2; Thin cultivated, leveling;
(2) potato is cut into the fritter of 30 ~ 40g, each potato block at least should retain a middle bud or terminal bud, and wherein 2 ~ 4 potato blocks are all assigned in terminal bud rip cutting; The potato block cut is put in moistening, shady and cool, ventilation airing 8h in time, and airing temperature is 20 DEG C, after wound healing, carry out vernalization; During vernalization, potato block is stacked layer by layer, pile high 20cm, under temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 60% condition, carry out vernalization to length 0.5 centimeter; Carry out a ridge duplicate rows plantation, row spacing 85 centimetres, little line-spacing 20 centimetres, spacing in the rows 28 centimetres, during sowing, kind block pushes up 12cm to ridge;
(3) topdressing: according to soil fertility situation, can be that 1:0.4:2 topdresses 2 times according to the weight ratio of N P and K three; At the potato florescence, every mu imposes superphosphate 18kg again.
(4) field management: light irrigation water 1 time after the neat seedling of potato, emerges and finally pours water afterwards 1 time for 60 days, pour water later according to precipitation and soil moisture situation; Weeds are with seeing with removing; The extermination of disease and insect pest should be carried out in time;
(5) gather: after potato maturation, gather in time.
In implantation methods described in this comparative example, potato average yield per mu 4030 kilograms.
From this comparative example; when in described step (1) nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the weight ratio of N P and K three is 1:1:2; namely, not in the scope of claim request protection, the output of potato can be affected, make the per mu yield of potato reduce by 480 kilograms.
Comparative example 2:
(1) wholely: soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, first crop crop is lower wheat, are advisable in barley, soybean, rape plot; Deep ploughing 40cm, execute farmyard manure 2500kg for every mu, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 20kg, in described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the weight ratio of N P and K three is 2.5:1:6; Thin cultivated, leveling;
(2) potato is cut into the fritter of 30 ~ 40g, each potato block at least should retain a middle bud or terminal bud, and wherein 2 ~ 4 potato blocks are all assigned in terminal bud rip cutting; The potato block cut is put in moistening, shady and cool, ventilation airing 8h in time, and airing temperature is 20 DEG C, after wound healing, carry out vernalization; During vernalization, potato block is stacked layer by layer, pile high 20cm, under temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 60% condition, carry out vernalization to length 0.5 centimeter; Carry out a ridge duplicate rows plantation, row spacing 85 centimetres, little line-spacing 20 centimetres, spacing in the rows 28 centimetres, during sowing, kind block pushes up 12cm to ridge;
(3) topdressing: according to soil fertility situation, can be that 1:0.4:2 topdresses 2 times according to the weight ratio of N P and K three.
(4) field management: light irrigation water 1 time after the neat seedling of potato, emerges and finally pours water afterwards 1 time for 60 days, pour water later according to precipitation and soil moisture situation; Weeds are with seeing with removing; The extermination of disease and insect pest should be carried out in time;
(5) gather: after potato maturation, gather in time.
In implantation methods described in this comparative example, the per mu yield of potato is 3820 kilograms.
From this comparative example, the potato florescence does not impose superphosphate in step (3), significantly can reduce the output of potato, make the per mu yield of potato reduce by 690 kilograms.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not do any pro forma restriction to the present invention, every any simple modification, equivalent variations done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. be beneficial to the implantation methods improving potato yield, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) wholely: soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, execute farmyard manure 2500 ~ 2800kg for every mu after deep ploughing, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 15 ~ 30kg, carefully ploughs, leveling;
(2) potato is cut into the fritter of 30-40g, each potato block at least should retain a terminal bud, and wherein terminal bud rip cutting is divided into potato block; Vernalization is carried out after wound healing; Carry out a ridge duplicate rows plantation, row spacing 95cm, little line-spacing 25cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, during sowing, kind block pushes up 15 ~ 18cm to ridge;
(3) topdress: be 0.8:0.5:1.8 according to the weight ratio of N P and K three, topdress at least one times;
(4) field management: light irrigation water 1 time after the neat seedling of potato, emerges and finally pours water afterwards 1 time for 60 ~ 70 days;
(5) gather: after potato maturation, gather in time.
2. a kind of implantation methods being beneficial to raising potato yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (1), the degree of depth of soil deeptillage is 30 ~ 40cm.
3. a kind of being beneficial to according to claim 1 improves the implantation methods of potato yield, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), the potato block cut is placed on moistening, shady and cool, ventilation and teds.
4. a kind of being beneficial to according to claim 3 improves the implantation methods of potato yield, it is characterized in that: described in the time of tedding be 7 ~ 8h.
5. a kind of being beneficial to according to claim 3 improves the implantation methods of potato yield, it is characterized in that: described in ted temperature be 20 ~ 25 DEG C.
6. a kind of implantation methods being beneficial to raising potato yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), vernalization is stacked layer by layer by potato block, piles high 15 ~ 25cm.
7. a kind of implantation methods being beneficial to raising potato yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that: can pour water according to precipitation and soil regime in described step (4) field management, and carry out pest control in time in field management process.
8. a kind of implantation methods being beneficial to raising potato yield according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the middle field management of described step (4), weeds are with seeing with removing.
9. a kind of implantation methods being beneficial to raising potato yield stated according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that: at the potato florescence in described step (3), every mu imposes superphosphate 18 ~ 20kg again.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105724014A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-07-06 | 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 | High-yield planting method for potatoes |
| CN106034592A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-26 | 安徽省丰蓼农业开发有限公司 | Ecological plantation method for potatoes |
| CN106550748A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-04-05 | 覃忠强 | A kind of implantation methods of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi |
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| CN105724014A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2016-07-06 | 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 | High-yield planting method for potatoes |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |