CN105052452A - Intercropping method of osmanthusfragrans trees, tea trees and ginkgo trees - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an intercropping method of osmanthusfragrans trees, tea trees and ginkgo trees. According to the invention, osmanthusfragrans trees, tea trees and ginkgo trees are intercropped, wherein theosmanthusfragrans trees are green all the year; leaves of the tea trees fall in autumn and winter; and the osmanthusfragrans trees and the ginkgo trees shade the tea trees against sun and protect the leaves of the tea trees against fierce sun, so quality of tea in the next year can be ensured and microelements are not liable to get lost. The leaves of the ginkgo trees fall in autumn and winter while the osmanthusfragrans trees remain green, so on one hand, the fallen leaves can be used as fertilizer, and on the other hand, parts of the tea trees can be exposed to sunlight and requirements on growing can be satisfied.

Description

Sweet osmanthus gingko green tea interplanting method

Technical field

The present invention relates to planting technology field, be specifically related to a kind of sweet osmanthus gingko green tea interplanting method.

Background technology

Sweet osmanthus is the representative species of Osmanthus, and its cultivation history has reached more than thousand.Sweet osmanthus is China's tradition one of ten large famous flowers, and it has dense fougere gas and throughout the year green and be that people like and enjoy great prestige of all times with flower, and therefore sweet osmanthus is cultivated and holds out broad prospects.Thus be instant cause to the scale of Production of sweet osmanthus, Base environment, intensive cultivating due to extensive market.But because space between osmanthus fragrans is large, particularly between the sweet osmanthus several years trees of just planting, space is especially big, and these spaces are very easily weedy, and the manpower that all need is very large every year carries out intertill and clean tillage work.In order to make full use of the ground, space in the middle of osmanthus fragrans lour woods, in order to reduce the workload of intertill and clean tillage, more in order to produce larger overall economic efficiency in limited land resources, a kind of stereo cultivation technology of interplanting low bar crop tea tree in long-stalked crop osmanthus fragrans lour woods of special proposition.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of good in economic efficiency, the sweet osmanthus gingko green tea interplanting method that land utilization rate is high.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:

A kind of sweet osmanthus gingko green tea interplanting method, comprises following method step:

1) in the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, selecting the more plot of the deep humus of soil property to open up wasteland, is good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil; Between the First Year 7-8 month, first weed a garden on the ground to plough deeply afterwards and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, vegetable soil, Second Year February, ridging on the line-spacing every 1-1.5 rice, ridge is dug shallow ridges and plants that annual clone cuttage is numerous plants tea tree seedling, its spacing in the rows is 20-25 centimetre;

2) in March, the 3rd, open zanjon, zanjon is digged pit between tea tree ridge, same zanjon being cheated spacing carving is 1.5-2 rice, interval plantation osmanthus fragrans seedling and ginkgo seedling in hole;

3) in mid-September, the 3rd is to early October, between tea tree and sweet osmanthus, ginkgo, dig the dark shallow ridges of 10cm, imposes in the ranks, execute the even bar of organic selenium fertilizer after fermentation rear earthing, need not water; Selenium element and other micro-organic element can be provided for tea tree, osmanthus fragrans and ginkgo by using the rear organic selenium fertilizer of fermentation, making the tealeaves of follow-up harvesting, sweet osmanthus and ginkgo nut and ginkgo leaf be rich in selenium element; Follow-up annual fertilising once;

4) follow-uply pruning is carried out to osmanthus fragrans, tea tree and ginkgo manage.

The present invention adopts osmanthus fragrans, tea tree and ginkgo to interplant, osmanthus fragrans is evergreen throughout the year, the ginkgo autumn and winter fall leaves, summer osmanthus fragrans and ginkgo can be tea plant sun-shading, tea free is avoided to be subject to the acute irradiation of the sun, can provide the quality of tealeaves in the coming year, mainly trace element not easily runs off; And autumn and winter season, ginkgo is fallen leaves, and the leaf falling on the one hand can as fertilizer, and on the other hand, ginkgo leaf has fallen, and osmanthus fragrans is still evergreen, makes tea tree can obtain a part of solar radiation, meets growth needs.

The preparation of above-mentioned organic selenium fertilizer is put into as follows:

(1) take by following parts by weight, farmyard manure 50 parts, 15 parts, surface dust, calcined kaolin 5 parts, sodium selenite 5 parts, 12 parts, rice husk, saw foam 5 parts, EM bacterial classification 2 parts, Se-enriched yeast 2 parts, molasses fermented liquid 3 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, green tea slag 2 parts, glutinous rice chaff 5 parts, mountain spring water 20 parts; Preparation method is as follows:

(2) first by farmyard manure, Se-enriched yeast, molasses fermented liquid, EM bacterial classification and mountain spring water mixing and stirring, then add sodium selenite, rice husk, saw foam, marine alga micro mist, green tea slag and glutinous rice chaff successively, more fully stir;

(3) raw material be stirred in step (2) is put into fermentation vat, sealing and fermenting, fermentation period 100 days;

Fermentation period divides initial stage, mid-term and late period, and the fermentation initial stage is 30 days, and ferment middle is 40 days, and late period of fermenting is 30 days;

The fermentation initial stage, to be sealed into master, ensures the fermentation temperature of 28-25 DEG C, because sealing is the prerequisite of fermentation, if entered air, just reduce fermentation temperature, material is easily corrupt;

Ferment middle, to seal stirring, keeps fermentation temperature 28-32 DEG C, notes fermentation change, fully stirs once, make fermentation more thorough by 15 days.

Ferment late period, the change of main attention fermentation color, the color fermented is bright, thoroughly, because the fertilizer fermented, in loose shape,

(4) through the fermentation of 100 days, then raw material stirred and dries, adding that calcined kaolin and surface dust fully stir, make material reach loose, tightly, then granulate and get final product.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that osmanthus flower tea prepared by green tea utilizing above-mentioned interplanting method to pluck, and step is as follows:

1) osmanthus flowers prepares: pluck at sweet osmanthus season of flowers, the period between when artificial plucking time is 7-14 every day, the florescence is 3-6 days, the fresh sweet osmanthus vacuum packaging bag vacuum packaging after harvesting, sends into refrigerating chamber refrigeration; Temperature in refrigerating chamber controls at 6-8 DEG C, and relative moisture is at 40-65%;

2) green tea prepares: select bud-leaf complete, size uniformity, does not freshly crush, organic fresh green tea of anosis worm leaf, purple leaf; Fresh leaf is thin in time after choosing to be spread out in room ventilation, clean, dry thin bamboo strip dish, and thickness 2-3 centimetre, spreads 2-4 hour, waits for that moisture is appropriateness when 70-72%;

3) complete: get step 1) in the osmanthus flowers of refrigeration and step 2) in the mixing of organic fresh green tea, add 3 grams of osmanthus flowers by every 500 grams of organic fresh green tea; The feeding equipment of completing carries out the process that completes, and the temperature that completes is at 155-165 DEG C, and fixation time is generally at 5-8 minute, and blue or green gas is disappeared, and tea perfume (or spice) sheds, and weight-loss ratio is 12-14%, obtains semi-finished product sweet osmanthus green tea;

4) dry: semi-finished product sweet osmanthus green tea is sent into steam drying machine and carries out drying and processing, transpiring moisture reaches to foot dry, prevents deterioration, and warm air drier dries drawer temperature and reaches 55-65 DEG C, and hand pinches tea bar powdered, and water content reaches 7.5%;

5) pack: carry out moisture content detection by the requirement of moisture content characterization processes, pack after qualified, fresh-keeping storage.

Above-mentioned steps 4) in the steam that adopts of steam drying machine be the steam of being heated through boiler by the self-control aqueous solution and producing, the described self-control aqueous solution is made up of the component of following parts by weight: mountain spring water 500 parts, 2 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 2 parts, peach blossom, pomegranate seed 2 parts, 2 parts, lotus leaf, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS 2 parts, purple French fries 2 parts, 2 parts, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, 10 parts, almond, jujube core 5 parts, semen litchi 5 parts, Chinese cassia tree 5 parts, leek seed 5 parts, cloves 3 parts, the root of Dahurain angelica 3 parts, fragrant 3 parts, sand, banana skin 5 parts, honeysuckle 5 parts, dried sweet-scented osmanthus 10 parts, loguat leaf 5 parts, 5 parts, water caltrop leaf, camellia 5 parts, rape flower 4 parts, fall certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 3 parts, during preparation, Chinese prickly ash, peach blossom, pomegranate seed, lotus leaf, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS, purple French fries, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, almond, jujube core, semen litchi, Chinese cassia tree, leek seed, cloves, the root of Dahurain angelica, fragrant sand, banana skin, honeysuckle, dried sweet-scented osmanthus, loguat leaf, water caltrop leaf, camellia, rape flower and certain herbaceous plants with big flowers that falls are immersed in mountain spring water, 15-30 days is soaked in sealing, and filtering solids thing obtains making the aqueous solution by oneself.The steam that this self-control aqueous solution produces has peat-reek, can assist and increase green tea to the absorption of sweet osmanthus fragrance, improve the natural fragrance of green tea.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt cultivation method of the present invention, the ground, space made full use of in the middle of tea tree can be realized, reduce the workload of intertill and clean tillage, conserve water and soil, reduce tea place embankment, limited land resources produces larger economic benefit.And directly can prepare osmanthus flower tea with the tealeaves that this cultivation method is plucked, do not bring the harmful substance in sweet osmanthus into, improve tea quality, save the tea making time, improve the market competitiveness, to the continuing of Tea Production, stablize, develop in a healthy way significant.

Embodiment

The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.

Embodiment 1

A kind of sweet osmanthus gingko green tea interplanting method, comprises following method step:

1) in the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, selecting the more plot of the deep humus of soil property to open up wasteland, is good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil; Between the First Year 7-8 month, first weed a garden on the ground to plough deeply afterwards and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, vegetable soil, Second Year February, ridging on the line-spacing every 1-1.5 rice, ridge is dug shallow ridges and plants that annual clone cuttage is numerous plants tea tree seedling, its spacing in the rows is 20-25 centimetre;

2) in March, the 3rd, open zanjon, zanjon is digged pit between tea tree ridge, same zanjon being cheated spacing carving is 1.5-2 rice, interval plantation osmanthus fragrans seedling and ginkgo seedling in hole;

3) in mid-September, the 3rd is to early October, between tea tree and sweet osmanthus, ginkgo, dig the dark shallow ridges of 10cm, imposes in the ranks, execute the even bar of organic selenium fertilizer after fermentation rear earthing, need not water; Selenium element and other micro-organic element can be provided for tea tree, osmanthus fragrans and ginkgo by using the rear organic selenium fertilizer of fermentation, making the tealeaves of follow-up harvesting, sweet osmanthus and ginkgo nut and ginkgo leaf be rich in selenium element; Follow-up annual fertilising once;

4) follow-uply pruning is carried out to osmanthus fragrans, tea tree and ginkgo manage.

The present invention adopts osmanthus fragrans, tea tree and ginkgo to interplant, osmanthus fragrans is evergreen throughout the year, the ginkgo autumn and winter fall leaves, summer osmanthus fragrans and ginkgo can be tea plant sun-shading, tea free is avoided to be subject to the acute irradiation of the sun, can provide the quality of tealeaves in the coming year, mainly trace element not easily runs off; And autumn and winter season, ginkgo is fallen leaves, and the leaf falling on the one hand can as fertilizer, and on the other hand, ginkgo leaf has fallen, and osmanthus fragrans is still evergreen, makes tea tree can obtain a part of solar radiation, meets growth needs.

The preparation of above-mentioned organic selenium fertilizer is put into as follows:

(1) take by following parts by weight, farmyard manure 50 parts, 15 parts, surface dust, calcined kaolin 5 parts, sodium selenite 5 parts, 12 parts, rice husk, saw foam 5 parts, EM bacterial classification 2 parts, Se-enriched yeast 2 parts, molasses fermented liquid 3 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, green tea slag 2 parts, glutinous rice chaff 5 parts, mountain spring water 20 parts; Preparation method is as follows:

(2) first by farmyard manure, Se-enriched yeast, molasses fermented liquid, EM bacterial classification and mountain spring water mixing and stirring, then add sodium selenite, rice husk, saw foam, marine alga micro mist, green tea slag and glutinous rice chaff successively, more fully stir;

(3) raw material be stirred in step (2) is put into fermentation vat, sealing and fermenting, fermentation period 100 days;

Fermentation period divides initial stage, mid-term and late period, and the fermentation initial stage is 30 days, and ferment middle is 40 days, and late period of fermenting is 30 days;

The fermentation initial stage, to be sealed into master, ensures the fermentation temperature of 28-25 DEG C, because sealing is the prerequisite of fermentation, if entered air, just reduce fermentation temperature, material is easily corrupt;

Ferment middle, to seal stirring, keeps fermentation temperature 28-32 DEG C, notes fermentation change, fully stirs once, make fermentation more thorough by 15 days.

Ferment late period, the change of main attention fermentation color, the color fermented is bright, thoroughly, because the fertilizer fermented, in loose shape,

(4) through the fermentation of 100 days, then raw material stirred and dries, adding that calcined kaolin and surface dust fully stir, make material reach loose, tightly, then granulate and get final product.

Embodiment 2

A preparation method for green tea osmanthus flower tea, step is as follows:

1) osmanthus flowers prepares: pluck at sweet osmanthus season of flowers, the period between when artificial plucking time is 7-14 every day, the florescence is 3-6 days, the fresh sweet osmanthus vacuum packaging bag vacuum packaging after harvesting, sends into refrigerating chamber refrigeration; Temperature in refrigerating chamber controls at 6-8 DEG C, and relative moisture is at 40-65%;

2) green tea prepares: select bud-leaf complete, size uniformity, does not freshly crush, organic fresh green tea of anosis worm leaf, purple leaf; Fresh leaf is thin in time after choosing to be spread out in room ventilation, clean, dry thin bamboo strip dish, and thickness 2-3 centimetre, spreads 2-4 hour, waits for that moisture is appropriateness when 70-72%;

3) complete: get step 1) in the osmanthus flowers of refrigeration and step 2) in the mixing of organic fresh green tea, add 3 grams of osmanthus flowers by every 500 grams of organic fresh green tea; The feeding equipment of completing carries out the process that completes, and the temperature that completes is at 155-165 DEG C, and fixation time is generally at 5-8 minute, and blue or green gas is disappeared, and tea perfume (or spice) sheds, and weight-loss ratio is 12-14%, obtains semi-finished product sweet osmanthus green tea;

4) dry: semi-finished product sweet osmanthus green tea is sent into steam drying machine and carries out drying and processing, transpiring moisture reaches to foot dry, prevents deterioration, and warm air drier dries drawer temperature and reaches 55-65 DEG C, and hand pinches tea bar powdered, and water content reaches 7.5%;

5) pack: carry out moisture content detection by the requirement of moisture content characterization processes, pack after qualified, fresh-keeping storage.

Above-mentioned steps 4) in the steam that adopts of steam drying machine be the steam of being heated through boiler by the self-control aqueous solution and producing, the described self-control aqueous solution is made up of the component of following parts by weight: mountain spring water 500 parts, 2 parts, Chinese prickly ash, 2 parts, peach blossom, pomegranate seed 2 parts, 2 parts, lotus leaf, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS 2 parts, purple French fries 2 parts, 2 parts, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, 10 parts, almond, jujube core 5 parts, semen litchi 5 parts, Chinese cassia tree 5 parts, leek seed 5 parts, cloves 3 parts, the root of Dahurain angelica 3 parts, fragrant 3 parts, sand, banana skin 5 parts, honeysuckle 5 parts, dried sweet-scented osmanthus 10 parts, loguat leaf 5 parts, 5 parts, water caltrop leaf, camellia 5 parts, rape flower 4 parts, fall certain herbaceous plants with big flowers 3 parts, during preparation, Chinese prickly ash, peach blossom, pomegranate seed, lotus leaf, Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd.et WilS, purple French fries, Fructus Hordei Germinatus, almond, jujube core, semen litchi, Chinese cassia tree, leek seed, cloves, the root of Dahurain angelica, fragrant sand, banana skin, honeysuckle, dried sweet-scented osmanthus, loguat leaf, water caltrop leaf, camellia, rape flower and certain herbaceous plants with big flowers that falls are immersed in mountain spring water, 15-30 days is soaked in sealing, and filtering solids thing obtains making the aqueous solution by oneself.The steam that this self-control aqueous solution produces has peat-reek, can assist and increase green tea to the absorption of sweet osmanthus fragrance, improve the natural fragrance of green tea.

Above-mentioned sweet osmanthus and green tea be from following methods plantation osmanthus fragrans and tea tree pluck:

1) in the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, selecting the more plot of the deep humus of soil property to open up wasteland, is good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil; Between the First Year 7-8 month, first weed a garden on the ground to plough deeply afterwards and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, vegetable soil, Second Year February, ridging on the line-spacing every 1-1.5 rice, ridge is dug shallow ridges and plants that annual clone cuttage is numerous plants tea tree seedling, its spacing in the rows is 20-25 centimetre;

2) in March, the 3rd, open zanjon, zanjon is digged pit between tea tree ridge, same zanjon being cheated spacing carving is 1.5-2 rice, interval plantation osmanthus fragrans seedling and ginkgo seedling in hole;

3) in mid-September, the 3rd is to early October, between tea tree and sweet osmanthus, ginkgo, dig the dark shallow ridges of 10cm, imposes in the ranks, execute the even bar of organic selenium fertilizer after fermentation rear earthing, need not water; Selenium element and other micro-organic element can be provided for tea tree, osmanthus fragrans and ginkgo by using the rear organic selenium fertilizer of fermentation, making the tealeaves of follow-up harvesting, sweet osmanthus and ginkgo nut and ginkgo leaf be rich in selenium element; Follow-up annual fertilising once;

4) follow-uply pruning is carried out to osmanthus fragrans, tea tree and ginkgo manage.

The present invention adopts osmanthus fragrans, tea tree and ginkgo to interplant, osmanthus fragrans is evergreen throughout the year, the ginkgo autumn and winter fall leaves, summer osmanthus fragrans and ginkgo can be tea plant sun-shading, tea free is avoided to be subject to the acute irradiation of the sun, can provide the quality of tealeaves in the coming year, mainly trace element not easily runs off; And autumn and winter season, ginkgo is fallen leaves, and the leaf falling on the one hand can as fertilizer, and on the other hand, ginkgo leaf has fallen, and osmanthus fragrans is still evergreen, makes tea tree can obtain a part of solar radiation, meets growth needs.

The preparation of above-mentioned organic selenium fertilizer is put into as follows:

(1) take by following parts by weight, farmyard manure 50 parts, 15 parts, surface dust, calcined kaolin 5 parts, sodium selenite 5 parts, 12 parts, rice husk, saw foam 5 parts, EM bacterial classification 2 parts, Se-enriched yeast 2 parts, molasses fermented liquid 3 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, green tea slag 2 parts, glutinous rice chaff 5 parts, mountain spring water 20 parts; Preparation method is as follows:

(2) first by farmyard manure, Se-enriched yeast, molasses fermented liquid, EM bacterial classification and mountain spring water mixing and stirring, then add sodium selenite, rice husk, saw foam, marine alga micro mist, green tea slag and glutinous rice chaff successively, more fully stir;

(3) raw material be stirred in step (2) is put into fermentation vat, sealing and fermenting, fermentation period 100 days;

Fermentation period divides initial stage, mid-term and late period, and the fermentation initial stage is 30 days, and ferment middle is 40 days, and late period of fermenting is 30 days;

The fermentation initial stage, to be sealed into master, ensures the fermentation temperature of 28-25 DEG C, because sealing is the prerequisite of fermentation, if entered air, just reduce fermentation temperature, material is easily corrupt;

Ferment middle, to seal stirring, keeps fermentation temperature 28-32 DEG C, notes fermentation change, fully stirs once, make fermentation more thorough by 15 days.

Ferment late period, the change of main attention fermentation color, the color fermented is bright, thoroughly, because the fertilizer fermented, in loose shape,

(4) through the fermentation of 100 days, then raw material stirred and dries, adding that calcined kaolin and surface dust fully stir, make material reach loose, tightly, then granulate and get final product.

More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. a sweet osmanthus gingko green tea interplanting method, is characterized in that, comprises following method step:

1) in the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, selecting the more plot of the deep humus of soil property to open up wasteland, is good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil; Between the First Year 7-8 month, first weed a garden on the ground to plough deeply afterwards and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, vegetable soil, Second Year February, ridging on the line-spacing every 1-1.5 rice, ridge is dug shallow ridges and plants that annual clone cuttage is numerous plants tea tree seedling, its spacing in the rows is 20-25 centimetre;

2) in March, the 3rd, open zanjon, zanjon is digged pit between tea tree ridge, same zanjon being cheated spacing carving is 1.5-2 rice, interval plantation osmanthus fragrans seedling and ginkgo seedling in hole;

3) in mid-September, the 3rd is to early October, between tea tree and sweet osmanthus, ginkgo, dig the dark shallow ridges of 10cm, imposes in the ranks, execute the even bar of organic selenium fertilizer after fermentation rear earthing, need not water; Follow-up annual fertilising once;

4) follow-uply pruning is carried out to osmanthus fragrans, tea tree and ginkgo manage;

The preparation of above-mentioned organic selenium fertilizer is put into as follows:

(1) take by following parts by weight, farmyard manure 50 parts, 15 parts, surface dust, calcined kaolin 5 parts, sodium selenite 5 parts, 12 parts, rice husk, saw foam 5 parts, EM bacterial classification 2 parts, Se-enriched yeast 2 parts, molasses fermented liquid 3 parts, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, green tea slag 2 parts, glutinous rice chaff 5 parts, mountain spring water 20 parts; Preparation method is as follows:

(2) first by farmyard manure, Se-enriched yeast, molasses fermented liquid, EM bacterial classification and mountain spring water mixing and stirring, then add sodium selenite, rice husk, saw foam, marine alga micro mist, green tea slag and glutinous rice chaff successively, more fully stir;

(3) raw material be stirred in step (2) is put into fermentation vat, sealing and fermenting, fermentation period 100 days;

Fermentation period divides initial stage, mid-term and late period, and the fermentation initial stage is 30 days, and ferment middle is 40 days, and late period of fermenting is 30 days;

The fermentation initial stage, to be sealed into master, ensures the fermentation temperature of 28-25 DEG C, because sealing is the prerequisite of fermentation, if entered air, just reduce fermentation temperature, material is easily corrupt;

Ferment middle, to seal stirring, keeps fermentation temperature 28-32 DEG C, notes fermentation change, fully stirs once, make fermentation more thorough by 15 days.

Ferment late period, the change of main attention fermentation color, the color fermented is bright, thoroughly, because the fertilizer fermented, in loose shape,

(4) through the fermentation of 100 days, then raw material stirred and dries, adding that calcined kaolin and surface dust fully stir, make material reach loose, tightly, then granulate and get final product.