CN113615538A - Substrate applied to Hangzhou white chrysanthemum cultivation and preparation method - Google Patents
Substrate applied to Hangzhou white chrysanthemum cultivation and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000009604 Chrysanthemum X morifolium Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000723353 Chrysanthemum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009661 flower growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007866 Chamaemelum nobile Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000042664 Matricaria chamomilla Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007232 Matricaria chamomilla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017784 Mespilus germanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000182216 Mimusops elengi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000560 Mimusops elengi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007837 Vangueria infausta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019605 sweet taste sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation, which comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of organic fertilizer, 20-25 parts of citrus peel residues, 15-20 parts of wormcast, 5-10 parts of plant ash and 5-10 parts of vermiculite; also discloses a preparation method of the matrix. The matrix is suitable for flower growth, particularly for Compositae plants, can effectively reduce the loss of water in potted plants, has good water retention and water retention effects, reduces the transpiration of the external environment on the matrix, and can replace chemical fertilizers to provide required nutrient substances for the plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural and horticultural cultivation substrates, in particular to a substrate applied to chrysanthemum morifolium ramat cultivation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hangzhou white chrysanthemum is also called chamomile, is a traditional cultivated medicinal plant in China, is one of eight major medicinal materials in Zhejiang province, namely Zhejiang province, and is also the best variety of chrysanthemum tea. Hangzhou chrysanthemum has a long cultivation history in China, is perennial herbaceous plant and is collected in autumn. The chrysanthemum can be used for medicine, tea boiling, wine brewing and the like besides tea, and can also be made into dried flowers for pillow or indoor use, the fragrance is fresh, and the aftertaste is long. Hangzhou chrysanthemum is mainly produced in Zhejiang Tongxiang and other places, has the best quality, has large flowers and wide petals, is white or yellowish white, has yellow center, has faint scent and sweet and slightly bitter taste, and is particularly suitable for being used as tea at home. The chrysanthemum morifolium ramat is fleshy, has pure, mellow and sweet taste, is particularly suitable for being drunk after being brewed with tea, can enhance the effect of nourishing the liver and improving the eyesight when being taken together with the medlar, and is a good eye protection prescription for office workers accompanied with computers all day long.
Due to the characteristic that Hangzhou white chrysanthemum is pleased with light and fertilizer, the environment for soil growth needs to be faintly acid, no trees need to be shielded during planting, and the soil is too moist to be beneficial to the growth of the Hangzhou white chrysanthemum.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the background technology, the invention discloses a medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium ramat cultivation, which contains various medium and trace elements and provides necessary nutrients for the growth and development of the chrysanthemum morifolium ramat so that the chrysanthemum morifolium ramat can adapt to the soil environment; also discloses a preparation method of the matrix.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation, which comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of organic fertilizer, 20-25 parts of citrus peel residues, 15-20 parts of wormcast, 5-10 parts of plant ash and 5-10 parts of vermiculite.
The organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of kitchen waste, 20 parts of waterweed, 5 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of garden waste, 10 parts of straw and 10 parts of rapeseed cake residues.
The preparation method of the medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating the kitchen waste, including removing impurities, separating three phases after leaching to remove grease and salt, then adding water plants and sawdust to mix, stirring and fermenting in a drying integrated machine, and obtaining a primary fermented material with water content of 65-70% after 2-3 days;
s2, mixing the primary fermentation material with garden waste, straw and rapeseed cake residue, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-35 and the water content to 55-60%, and performing high-temperature aerobic composting to obtain a thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer;
s3, mixing the organic fertilizer, the citrus peel residues, the wormcast, the plant ash and the vermiculite according to a ratio to obtain the substrate.
Wherein, S1 Chinese food kitchen waste is sorted, leached, filter-pressed and dehydrated.
Further, the aquatic plants in the S1 are dried and dehydrated before being mixed.
Furthermore, the pH value of the sawdust in S1 is 7.02-7.23, the EC value is 0.96-1.07mS/cm, and the particle size is 2-3 mm.
Further, the garden waste, the straw and the rapeseed cake dregs in the S2 are sieved by a sieve of 8 cm.
Further, S3 Chinese herbal ash, citrus peel residue and wormcast are sieved by a 1cm sieve.
Further, vermiculite in S3 is sieved by a 1-3mm sieve.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the culture medium prepared by the invention is suitable for flower growth, particularly for Compositae plants, can effectively reduce the loss of water in potted plants, has good water retention and water retention effects, reduces the transpiration of external environment on the medium, and can replace chemical fertilizers to provide required nutrient substances for the plants; the prepared substrate can be recycled, is safe, realizes the repeated recycling of resources, improves the physiological properties of plants, increases the disease resistance and stress resistance of the plants, has less insect pests, does not need pesticide spraying, has no insect pests, saves manpower, is efficient, environment-friendly and low in cost and economy.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A substrate applied to Hangzhou white chrysanthemum cultivation is prepared by the following steps:
s1, pretreating the kitchen waste, including removing impurities, separating three phases after leaching to remove grease and salt, then adding water plants and sawdust to mix, stirring and fermenting in a drying integrated machine, and obtaining a primary fermented material with pH of 5.0, EC value of 3mS/cm and water content of 65% after 2 days.
S2, mixing the primary fermentation material, garden waste, straw and rapeseed cake dregs, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 25 and the water content to be 55%, piling the mixture into strips with the width of 1.2 meters and the height of 1.2 meters, wherein the strips are chopped, the weight of the strips is 2 tons, the strips are turned and piled once every three days, and the strips are set to be piled for 30 days for high-temperature aerobic composting to obtain the thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer.
Wherein, pasture and water: placing the fished Taihu lake float grass on the open ground for drying;
saw dust: the sawdust is taken from a wood factory, the pH of the residual wood after the production is 7.02, the EC value is 0.96mS/cm, the discharged sawdust needs to be crushed, and the particle size is 2 mm.
Straw: corn straws can be selected, and are also required to be crushed, and the corn straws are crushed to 8cm in particle size for later use;
the garden waste and the rapeseed cake dregs pass through a sieve of 8 cm.
The organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of kitchen waste, 20 parts of waterweed, 5 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of garden waste, 10 parts of straw and 10 parts of rapeseed cake residues.
S3, mixing organic fertilizer, citrus peel residues, wormcast, plant ash and vermiculite according to the following mass parts: 45 parts of organic fertilizer, 20 parts of citrus peel residues, 15 parts of wormcast, 5 parts of plant ash and 5 parts of vermiculite, stirring uniformly, mixing and bagging.
Wherein, the orange peel residue: drying and crushing the collected orange peel waste, and sieving the crushed orange peel waste by using a 8cm sieve for later use;
earthworm cast: the black, uniform and natural soil-flavored fine crushed substances have high porosity, good air permeability, good water holding capacity and large surface area, can improve the soil hardening problem and soften the soil;
plant ash: crushing the mixture, and sieving the crushed mixture by a sieve with the diameter less than 1cm for later use;
vermiculite: the vermiculite was sieved through a 1mm sieve for use.
Example 2
A substrate applied to Hangzhou white chrysanthemum cultivation is prepared by the following steps:
s1, pretreating the kitchen waste, including removing impurities, separating three phases after leaching to remove grease and salt, then adding water plants and sawdust to mix, stirring and fermenting in a drying integrated machine, preliminarily decomposing under the action of thermophilic microorganisms, and obtaining a fermented material with pH of 5.5, EC value of 4mS/cm and water content of 68% after 2.5 days.
S2, mixing the primary fermentation material, garden waste, straw and rapeseed cake dregs, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 30 and the water content to be 58%, piling the mixture into strips with the width of 1.2 meters and the height of 1.2 meters, the volume of the strips is 2.5 tons, turning the piles once every five days, arranging the piles for 30 days, and carrying out high-temperature aerobic composting to obtain the thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer.
Wherein, pasture and water: placing the fished Taihu lake float grass on the open ground for drying;
saw dust: the sawdust is taken from a wood factory, the residual wood after the product is manufactured has the pH value of 7.12 and the EC value of 1mS/cm, and the discharged sawdust needs to be crushed, and the particle size is 2.5 mm.
Straw: corn straws can be selected, and are also required to be crushed, and the corn straws are crushed to 8cm in particle size for later use;
the garden waste and the rapeseed cake dregs pass through a sieve of 8 cm.
The organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of kitchen waste, 20 parts of waterweed, 5 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of garden waste, 10 parts of straw and 10 parts of rapeseed cake residues.
S3, mixing organic fertilizer, citrus peel residues, wormcast, plant ash and vermiculite according to the following mass parts: 50 parts of organic fertilizer, 23 parts of citrus peel residues, 18 parts of wormcast, 8 parts of plant ash and 8 parts of vermiculite, stirring uniformly, mixing and bagging.
Wherein, the orange peel residue: drying and crushing the collected orange peel waste, and sieving the crushed orange peel waste by using a 8cm sieve for later use;
earthworm cast: the black, uniform and natural soil-flavored fine crushed substances have high porosity, good air permeability, good water holding capacity and large surface area, can improve the soil hardening problem and soften the soil;
plant ash: crushing the mixture, and sieving the crushed mixture by a sieve with the diameter less than 1cm for later use;
vermiculite: the vermiculite was sieved through a 2mm sieve for use.
Example 3
A substrate applied to Hangzhou white chrysanthemum cultivation is prepared by the following steps:
s1, pretreating the kitchen waste, including removing impurities, separating three phases after leaching to remove grease and salt, then adding water plants and sawdust to mix, stirring and fermenting in a drying integrated machine, preliminarily decomposing under the action of thermophilic microorganisms, and obtaining a fermented material with pH 6, EC value of 5mS/cm and water content of 70% after 3 days.
S2, mixing the primary fermentation material, garden waste, straw and rapeseed cake dregs, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 35 and the water content to 60%, piling into strips with the width of 1.2 meters and the height of 1.2 meters, the volume of the strips is 3 tons, turning over the piles once every five days, setting the piles for 30 days, and carrying out high-temperature aerobic composting to obtain the thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer.
Wherein, pasture and water: placing the fished Taihu lake float grass on the open ground for drying;
saw dust: the sawdust is taken from a wood factory, the residual wood after the product is manufactured has the pH value of 7.23 and the EC value of 1.07mS/cm, the discharged sawdust needs to be crushed, and the particle size is 3 mm.
Straw: corn straws can be selected, and are also required to be crushed, and the corn straws are crushed to 8cm in particle size for later use;
the garden waste and the rapeseed cake dregs pass through a sieve of 8 cm.
The organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of kitchen waste, 20 parts of waterweed, 5 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of garden waste, 10 parts of straw and 10 parts of rapeseed cake residues.
S3, mixing organic fertilizer, citrus peel residues, wormcast, plant ash and vermiculite according to the following mass parts: 55 parts of organic fertilizer, 25 parts of citrus peel residues, 20 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of plant ash and 10 parts of vermiculite, stirring uniformly, mixing and bagging.
Wherein, the orange peel residue: drying and crushing the collected orange peel waste, and sieving the crushed orange peel waste by using a 8cm sieve for later use;
earthworm cast: the black, uniform and natural soil-flavored fine crushed substances have high porosity, good air permeability, good water holding capacity and large surface area, can improve the soil hardening problem and soften the soil;
plant ash: crushing the mixture, and sieving the crushed mixture by a sieve with the diameter less than 1cm for later use;
vermiculite: the vermiculite was sieved through a 3mm sieve for use.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 the matrix formulation and method used was essentially the same as in example 1, except that: organic fertilizers are not included. Mixing the citrus peel residues, the wormcast, the plant ash and the vermiculite according to the proportion, and using the uniformly mixed substrate for cultivating the Hangzhou white chrysanthemum.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the matrix formulation and method used was essentially the same as in example 1, except that: citrus peel residue is not included. The organic fertilizer, the wormcast, the plant ash and the vermiculite are mixed according to the proportion, and the uniformly mixed substrate can be used for cultivating the Hangzhou white chrysanthemum.
The matrixes prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are tested by taking chrysanthemum morifolium and chrysanthemum morifolium as examples, and the test method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of cutting a seedling of chrysanthemum cultivated after the chrysanthemum morifolium ramat is tilled in the next year from a place which is 5cm away from the ground, removing fallen leaves, placing the seedling in a prepared substrate, compacting the seedling by the substrate to enable internodes of the seedling to root, and gradually growing chrysanthemum seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 10-15 cm height in about one month, digging out tender roots of the seedlings, removing weak seedlings, and transplanting the seedlings into a pot. Watering after planting to wet the matrix soil, and placing in an environment with sufficient illumination and temperature of 15-25 ℃. And applying water and fertilizer every 10-15 days in the growth stage of the chrysanthemum seedlings.
20 young seedlings are selected for each treatment, the height of each young seedling is measured at a position of 10cm, the height of each young seedling is measured once every fifteen days, the number of leaves is counted, the experimental time is 45 days, and the experimental results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Treatment of | Growth period (Tian) | Survival rate of seedling (%) | Number of blades | Plant height (cm) |
| Example 1 | 45 | 95 | 6 | 27.3 |
| Example 2 | 45 | 95 | 6 | 27.8 |
| Example 3 | 45 | 94 | 6 | 26.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 45 | 90 | 4 | 24.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 45 | 93 | 5 | 25.4 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the substrates disclosed in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are more effective as a result of rational formulation of the respective raw materials, and the substrates of comparative examples 1 to 2 are less effective, especially comparative example 1 lacking organic fertilizer.
Claims (9)
1. The medium applied to Hangzhou white chrysanthemum cultivation is characterized by comprising the following materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of organic fertilizer, 20-25 parts of citrus peel residues, 15-20 parts of wormcast, 5-10 parts of plant ash and 5-10 parts of vermiculite.
2. The medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 50 parts of kitchen waste, 20 parts of waterweed, 5 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of garden waste, 10 parts of straw and 10 parts of rapeseed cake residues.
3. The preparation method of the medium for chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation as claimed in claim 2, which comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating the kitchen waste, including removing impurities, separating three phases after leaching to remove grease and salt, then adding water plants and sawdust to mix, stirring and fermenting in a drying integrated machine, and obtaining a primary fermented material with water content of 65-70% after 2-3 days;
s2, mixing the primary fermentation material with garden waste, straw and rapeseed cake residue, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 25-35 and the water content to 55-60%, and performing high-temperature aerobic composting to obtain a thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer;
s3, mixing the organic fertilizer, the citrus peel residues, the wormcast, the plant ash and the vermiculite according to a ratio to obtain the substrate.
4. The preparation method of the medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: s1 the Chinese food kitchen waste is sorted, leached, pressed and dehydrated.
5. The preparation method of the medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: and (8) airing and dehydrating the aquatic weeds in the S1 before mixing.
6. The preparation method of the medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the pH value of the sawdust in S1 is 7.02-7.23, the EC value is 0.96-1.07mS/cm, and the particle size is 2-3 mm.
7. The preparation method of the medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: and in the S2, the garden waste, the straw and the rapeseed cake dregs pass through a sieve of 8 cm.
8. The preparation method of the medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: s3 sieving the Chinese herbal ash, the citrus peel residue and the wormcast by 1 cm.
9. The preparation method of the medium applied to chrysanthemum morifolium cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the medium comprises the following components in percentage by weight: and the vermiculite in the S3 passes through a 1-3mm sieve.
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