CN104973933A - Biomass-charcoal-enveloped soybean special-purposed controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biomass-charcoal-enveloped soybean special-purposed controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104973933A CN104973933A CN201510225114.0A CN201510225114A CN104973933A CN 104973933 A CN104973933 A CN 104973933A CN 201510225114 A CN201510225114 A CN 201510225114A CN 104973933 A CN104973933 A CN 104973933A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass-charcoal-enveloped soybean special-purposed controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is prepared from the raw materials of, by weight, 10-15 parts of wheat straw, 20-24 parts of peanut shell, 2-5 parts of a soybean rhizobium inoculant, 3-6 parts of an azospirllum lipoferum inoculant, 2-3 parts of an azotobacter chroococcum inoculant, 30-40 parts of bean-curd residue, 20-26 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 20-25 parts of potassium nitrate, 4-7 parts of zinc sulfate, 5-8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10-18 parts of a phosphorus fertilizer, 5-7 parts of a binding agent, and a proper amount of water. According to the invention, the soybean rhizobium inoculant, the azospirllum lipoferum inoculant and the like beneficial for soybean growth are mixed and cultured; the strains are acclimated and attached to an organic material; the mixture is dried, and can be added into a fertilizer core provided by the invention. With a high-efficiency controlled-release enveloping material, the strains and the chemical fertilizer are prevented from loss, such that cost is greatly saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Slow release fertilizer can not only improve utilization rate of fertilizer, can also reduce the negative impact of fertilising to environment, cause the extensive concern of scholar in recent years.The research of current coated slow release fertilizer mainly concentrates on the selection of coated fertilizer and researches and develops, and organic high molecular polymer coated slow release fertilizer can slow down nutrients release, improves fertilizer utilization efficiency, has obtained general approval.
But it mostly uses lipid-soluble substance in process of production, use rear easily to environment, the reason such as expensive, limits applying of this kind of fertilizer in addition.Therefore, seek environmental friendliness, mould material that is cheap, had good sustained release effect becomes the study hotspot in this field.Biomass charcoal has the pore texture of height, can increase soil porosity and strengthen retention capacity of soil, reducing soil bulk density, favourable plant root growth; Simultaneously containing the nutritive element needed for a large amount of plant, promote soil nutrient circulation and plant-growth; Also have higher biological stability, the ability of stronger opposing microbial decomposition, can strengthen the carbon solidification effect of soil, reduces the release of carbon to air.If biomass charcoal is prepared coated slow releasing fertilizer as mould material, fertilizer nutrient release rate can not only be slowed down, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, and good ecological environment benefit can be brought.Therefore, carbonization rice husk is utilized to prepare the coated slow releasing fertilizer of 3 kinds of different thickness for main membrane material herein, emphasis has inquired into the thickness of biomass charcoal to the impact of the Nutrient Release of coated slow releasing fertilizer, to providing foundation for the research and development of China's environment-friendly type slow release fertilizer and application.
Summary of the invention
A kind of biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: wheat stalk 10 ~ 15, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 20 ~ 24, soybean nodulation bacteria agent 2 ~ 5, raw fat vinelandii microbial inoculum 3 ~ 6, azotobacter chroococcum microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, residue from beans after making 30 ~ 40, bicarbonate of ammonia 20 ~ 26, saltpetre 20 ~ 25, zinc sulfate 4 ~ 7, magnesium sulfate 5 ~ 8, phosphate fertilizer 10 ~ 18, binding agent 5 ~ 7 and appropriate water;
Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: polyvinyl alcohol 10 ~ 15, limestone powder 3 ~ 5, coal tar 4 ~ 7, sodium bicarbonate 1 ~ 2, chitin 2 ~ 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1 ~ 2.5, tributyl phosphate 0.5 ~ 1, ethanol 6 ~ 10 and water 50; Preparation method is in a kettle., by ethanol and water mixed diluting, then coal tar, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium bicarbonate and tributyl phosphate is added, be heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, constant temperature stirs 30 ~ 40min with 350 ~ 600r/min rotating speed, to leave standstill after 20min to lather collapse under keeping warm mode, be finally blended into polyvinyl alcohol, limestone powder and chitin, under 60 ~ 75 DEG C of conditions, be stirred to uniform emulsion and get final product.
A preparation method for biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(1) mix walnut and and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, add the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total amounts, soak vibration 8 ~ 10h, ball milling 20 ~ 30min becomes homogenate, dries to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 800 DEG C carries out heating charing 6 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;
(2) mixing soya beans Rhizobium Inoculant, raw fat vinelandii microbial inoculum, azotobacter chroococcum microbial inoculum and residue from beans after making, the tune that adds water mixes thickener, in the slow shaking culture of the constant incubators of 30 ~ 35 DEG C 4 ~ 6 days, is ground into pulvis after finally drying;
(3) mixed carbonic acid hydrogen ammonium, saltpetre, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, phosphate fertilizer and other following remaining component do not related to, be crushed to 40 mesh sieves, add the pulvis of (2), add water adjustment water content to 40% in right amount, makes the particle of 3 ~ 4mm particle diameter;
(4) binding agent is added in the carbonizing production of (1), add water and be modulated into water content 70 ~ 80% and stick with paste uniformly, then the particle described in (3) is put into coating machine and be preheating to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, on particle, thickener is sprayed at interval, 2 ~ 3 times repeatedly, finally logical hot-air seasoning.
The peplos composition coated carbamide that the present invention adopts the crude active charcoal components matching binding agent of charring rice husk to make, then probes into the release conditions of coated carbamide in soil.
Supply examination soil to be cinnamon soil, it is 46.2% that urea adopts oarse-grained diameter to be 3.0 ~ 4.0mm nitrogen content, and binding agent is the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of concentration 5.0%.
Encapsulation tool is the agent of rotary drum sugar-coat coating, high-pressure spray-painted rifle.Step is that the granular urea taking 1.0kg uniform particle sizes is poured in transferring shares of rotation, be heated to about 40 DEG C, according to the consumption of every kilogram of fertilizer 50ml binding agent, binding agent is sprayed on granular urea, a certain amount of charring rice husk is joined in rotary drum, sprays binding agent simultaneously, make material rolling granulating, repeatedly several times, until wrap up complete.Finally obtain lapping consumption account for be wrapped weight of fertilizer 10%, 15%, 20% ratio, altogether prepare 3 kinds of coated slow releasing fertilizers, be expressed as SRF10, SRF15, SRF20.
Adopt 200 object plastics filter clothes to internal diameter 4.72cm, high 15.24 pvc pipe back cover make drip washing post, take soil as drip washing medium, fertilizer amount adds in the ratio of N 0.6g/kg wind desiceted soil the coated slow releasing fertilizer developed voluntarily; Contrast (use the urea without parcel, CK represents) and blank totally 5 process are set simultaneously, each process repetition 3 times.The earth pillar having fertilizer to be mixed into first loads when loading the wind desiceted soil that 50g is not mixed into fertilizer, reinstalls in pvc pipe, a little quartz sand in its upper berth after remaining wind desiceted soil and test fertilizer fully mix.
Earth pillar is made rear 100ml distilled water and slowly and is in multiple times dripped earth pillar and make soil fully wetting, but unlikely excessive water oozes out from earth pillar, starts first time drip washing after leaving standstill 24h.When drip washing adds water, the volumetric flask that 100ml distilled water is housed is inverted in soil surface, makes water layer earth pillar being formed thick about 1.0cm, ensure that drip washing head is constant.Receive leacheate with triangular flask, each drip washing terminates rear thorn foraminate plastics film grave mound post mouth, and is placed in 30 DEG C of incubators and cultivates.After 3 days, take out earth pillar, carry out drip washing next time, altogether drip washing 8 times, leacheate azotometer (FOSS Kjeltec TM 8100) measures total nitrogen content.
The nutrients release process of coated slow releasing fertilizer can describe with Logistic curve, and the expression formula of this curve is such as formula (l).Y=k/1+e
a-Rt, y is Nitrogen Accumulation release rate, and k is nitrogen cumulative maximum burst size (generally getting k=l00%), a and R is constant, t be the drip washing time (my god).The Nitrogen Accumulation release rate of coated slow releasing fertilizer and control treatment is that the full nitrogen cumulative release amount of each fertilizer treatment accounts for the per-cent of each fertilizer treatment nitrogen total amount with the difference of the full nitrogen cumulative release amount of non-fertilizer treatment, the results are shown in Figure 1.
As can be seen from Figure 1, CK fertilizer just had the nutrients release of 50% at first 3 days, released the nutrient of about 90% the 10th day time.This accumulation Nitrogen releasing amount in time change procedure can be expressed with following formula: y=ke
b/t(k>0, b<0)
(2), in formula, k is the maximum Nitrogen Accumulation burst size of fertilizer; B is release rate constant.Carrying out numerical fitting result by the accumulation Nitrogen releasing amount of (2) formula to non-coated urea is: y=0.91165e
-0.9633/t, the relation conefficient of this formula is 0.95, reaches P<0.01 significant correlation level.
3 kinds of coated slow releasing fertilizers are compared with CK fertilizer, and Nitrogen Accumulation dispose procedure is relatively milder, and is about 80% in cultivation about the 30th day nutrients accumulation burst size, illustrates that this coated slow releasing fertilizer is applicable to the nutritional needs of shorter crop breeding time.
The rule of coated slow releasing fertilizer Nitrogen releasing can be described well with Logistic curve, for namely the Nitrogen Accumulation burst size fit equation differentiate of 2.2 slow release fertilizer release rate of nitrogen features to coated slow releasing fertilizer shown in Fig. 1 and CK be release rate of nitrogen curve, the results are shown in Figure 2.SRF20 initial stage release rate is significantly less than other two kinds of fertilizer, namely fertilizer integument is thicker, fertilizer is less at the nitrogen release rate of first day, illustrate and can be considered poroid material between integument particle and particle, water molecules is dissipated to fertilizer core by these holes, integument thickness increases, and it is long that moisture enters the fertile heart time, causes SRF20 to discharge nitrogen and causes initial stage nitrogen release rate minimum time lag.SRF10, SRF15, SRF20 nitrogen rate of release every day maximum value is respectively 1.95%, 1.96%, 1.95%, appear at respectively drip washing start after the 8th, 12 and 18 day.3 kinds of fertilizer rate of release maximum value differences are not obvious, but occur that the time of maximum value increases along with integument thickness and obviously extends.
(1) constant temperature indoor soil-column drip washing analog reslt shows, biomass charcoal (carbonization rice husk) is utilized to be lapping, the coating agent bundled slow-releasing fertilizer that binding agent prepared by the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of 5.0% coordinates biomass charcoal to make is feasible, nutrient releasing speed thickens along with integument and diminishes, and can select suitable Jacket thickness according to the nutrient demand of different crops simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: utilize the crude active charcoal composition after the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae and wheat stalk charing being rich in xylogen, use through huge profit, make a kind of slow release fertilizer envelope agent efficiently, make and be a kind ofly suitable for the slow-release fertilizer dedicated of soybeans they grow, by will the soybean nodulation bacteria agent of soybeans they grow be conducive to, the mixed culture such as raw fat vinelandii microbial inoculum, the bacterial classification made first adapts to and is attached in organic material, then drying is added in fertilizer inner core of the present invention, under efficient release-controlled coated material, bacterial classification and chemical fertilizer are all not easily run off, greatly cost-saving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is coated slow releasing fertilizer Nitrogen Accumulation release rate (amount) curve over time;
Fig. 2 is the release rate of nitrogen curve over time of coated slow releasing fertilizer;
Embodiment
Embodiment:
A kind of biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (kg): wheat stalk 14, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 22, soybean nodulation bacteria agent 4, raw fat vinelandii microbial inoculum 4, azotobacter chroococcum microbial inoculum 2, residue from beans after making 40, bicarbonate of ammonia 26, saltpetre 20, zinc sulfate 4, magnesium sulfate 6, phosphate fertilizer 15, binding agent 5 and appropriate water;
Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: polyvinyl alcohol 15, limestone powder 4, coal tar 5, sodium bicarbonate 1, chitin 2, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1.5, tributyl phosphate 0.6, ethanol 8 and water 50; Preparation method is in a kettle., by ethanol and water mixed diluting, then coal tar, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium bicarbonate and tributyl phosphate is added, be heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, constant temperature stirs 30 ~ 40min with 350 ~ 600r/min rotating speed, to leave standstill after 20min to lather collapse under keeping warm mode, be finally blended into polyvinyl alcohol, limestone powder and chitin, under 60 ~ 75 DEG C of conditions, be stirred to uniform emulsion and get final product.
A preparation method for biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(1) mix walnut and and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, add the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total amounts, soak vibration 8 ~ 10h, ball milling 20 ~ 30min becomes homogenate, dries to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 800 DEG C carries out heating charing 6 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;
(2) mixing soya beans Rhizobium Inoculant, raw fat vinelandii microbial inoculum, azotobacter chroococcum microbial inoculum and residue from beans after making, the tune that adds water mixes thickener, in the slow shaking culture of the constant incubators of 30 ~ 35 DEG C 4 ~ 6 days, is ground into pulvis after finally drying;
(3) mixed carbonic acid hydrogen ammonium, saltpetre, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, phosphate fertilizer and other following remaining component do not related to, be crushed to 40 mesh sieves, add the pulvis of (2), add water adjustment water content to 40% in right amount, makes the particle of 3 ~ 4mm particle diameter;
(4) binding agent is added in the carbonizing production of (1), add water and be modulated into water content 70 ~ 80% and stick with paste uniformly, then the particle described in (3) is put into coating machine and be preheating to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, on particle, thickener is sprayed at interval, 2 ~ 3 times repeatedly, finally logical hot-air seasoning.
Biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean of the present invention is used for the experiment of manufacturing soybean, select 5 mu of planting bases, use fertilizer of the present invention, as experimental group, common fertilizer is executed in 5 mu of bases of control group routinely planting requirement, other condition is identical, experiment proves, when using identical amount fertilizer, the soybean of experimental group plantation, its stalk and branches and leaves more sturdy, growing way is obviously better than control group, output obviously promotes, save labour simultaneously, protection of the environment, soil probiotics content exceeds nearly 4 times of control group, economy comparatively improves 21.9% former years, and the growth being highly advantageous to permanent development.
Claims (2)
1. a biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: wheat stalk 10 ~ 15, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 20 ~ 24, soybean nodulation bacteria agent 2 ~ 5, raw fat vinelandii microbial inoculum 3 ~ 6, azotobacter chroococcum microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, residue from beans after making 30 ~ 40, bicarbonate of ammonia 20 ~ 26, saltpetre 20 ~ 25, zinc sulfate 4 ~ 7, magnesium sulfate 5 ~ 8, phosphate fertilizer 10 ~ 18, binding agent 5 ~ 7 and appropriate water;
Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: polyvinyl alcohol 10 ~ 15, limestone powder 3 ~ 5, coal tar 4 ~ 7, sodium bicarbonate 1 ~ 2, chitin 2 ~ 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1 ~ 2.5, tributyl phosphate 0.5 ~ 1, ethanol 6 ~ 10 and water 50; Preparation method is in a kettle., by ethanol and water mixed diluting, then coal tar, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium bicarbonate and tributyl phosphate is added, be heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, constant temperature stirs 30 ~ 40min with 350 ~ 600r/min rotating speed, to leave standstill after 20min to lather collapse under keeping warm mode, be finally blended into polyvinyl alcohol, limestone powder and chitin, under 60 ~ 75 DEG C of conditions, be stirred to uniform emulsion and get final product.
2. the preparation method of a kind of biomass charcoal coating Slow-release fertilizer special for soybean according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:
(1) mix walnut and and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, add the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total amounts, soak vibration 8 ~ 10h, ball milling 20 ~ 30min becomes homogenate, dries to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 800 DEG C carries out heating charing 6 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;
(2) mixing soya beans Rhizobium Inoculant, raw fat vinelandii microbial inoculum, azotobacter chroococcum microbial inoculum and residue from beans after making, the tune that adds water mixes thickener, in the slow shaking culture of the constant incubators of 30 ~ 35 DEG C 4 ~ 6 days, is ground into pulvis after finally drying;
(3) mixed carbonic acid hydrogen ammonium, saltpetre, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, phosphate fertilizer and other following remaining component do not related to, be crushed to 40 mesh sieves, added the pulvis of (2), and add water adjustment water content to 40% in right amount, makes the particle of 3 ~ 4mm particle diameter;
(4) binding agent is added in the carbonizing production of (1), add water and be modulated into water content 70 ~ 80% and stick with paste uniformly, then the particle described in (3) is put into coating machine and be preheating to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, on particle, thickener is sprayed at interval, 2 ~ 3 times repeatedly, finally logical hot-air seasoning.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105732203A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-06 | 济南爱思医药科技有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicinal residue containing agricultural compound fertilizer special for peanuts |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103772021A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-05-07 | 凤台县珠莹葡萄种植专业合作社 | Disease and pest preventive EM (Effective Microorganism) fermented compound fertilizer for seedless grape |
| CN104446935A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-25 | 中国水稻研究所 | Production method of biological carbon coated controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN104478536A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-04-01 | 合肥智上农业开发有限公司 | A microorganism composite ecological fertilizer and a preparing method thereof |
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- 2015-05-05 CN CN201510225114.0A patent/CN104973933A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103772021A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-05-07 | 凤台县珠莹葡萄种植专业合作社 | Disease and pest preventive EM (Effective Microorganism) fermented compound fertilizer for seedless grape |
| CN104478536A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-04-01 | 合肥智上农业开发有限公司 | A microorganism composite ecological fertilizer and a preparing method thereof |
| CN104446935A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-25 | 中国水稻研究所 | Production method of biological carbon coated controlled-release fertilizer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105732203A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-06 | 济南爱思医药科技有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicinal residue containing agricultural compound fertilizer special for peanuts |
| CN105732203B (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2019-10-29 | 济南爱思医药科技有限公司 | It is exclusively used in the agricultural composite fertilizer containing Chinese medicine dreg of peanut |
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