CN104973926A - Biomass-charcoal-enveloped microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Biomass-charcoal-enveloped microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104973926A
CN104973926A CN201510223803.8A CN201510223803A CN104973926A CN 104973926 A CN104973926 A CN 104973926A CN 201510223803 A CN201510223803 A CN 201510223803A CN 104973926 A CN104973926 A CN 104973926A
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parts
fertilizer
water
binding agent
sodium
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周浩
陈永山
尹翊
吴德清
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Maanshan Kebang Eco Fertilizer Co Ltd
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Maanshan Kebang Eco Fertilizer Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass-charcoal-enveloped microbial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is prepared from the raw materials of, by weight, 45-60 parts of crop straw, 6-12 parts of soil beneficial microbe, 15-20 parts of brown sugar residue, 20-25 parts of starch, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate, 16-22 parts of urea, 15-20 parts of potassium permanganate, 1-3 parts of sodium selenite, 18-25 parts of ammonium monoydrogen phosphate, 5-7 parts of a binding agent and a proper amount of water. Specifically, a crop straw charring product is prepared into a cheap and highly efficient controlled-release fertilizer with the binding agent, such that a crop straw treatment problem is solved, and a highly efficient sustained-release enveloping material is provided. Charred straw is different from active carbon, and has large particles and loose pores. As a result of tests, the charred straw has a significant effect when used as a fertilizer envelope. Also, the beneficial microbial strains are enveloped, and an organic ecological environment can be provided for soil.

Description

A kind of biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Slow release fertilizer can not only improve utilization rate of fertilizer, can also reduce the negative impact of fertilising to environment, cause the extensive concern of scholar in recent years.The research of current coated slow release fertilizer mainly concentrates on the selection of coated fertilizer and researches and develops, and organic high molecular polymer coated slow release fertilizer can slow down nutrients release, improves fertilizer utilization efficiency, has obtained general approval.
But it mostly uses lipid-soluble substance in process of production, use rear easily to environment, the reason such as expensive, limits applying of this kind of fertilizer in addition.Therefore, seek environmental friendliness, mould material that is cheap, had good sustained release effect becomes the study hotspot in this field.Biomass charcoal has the pore texture of height, can increase soil porosity and strengthen retention capacity of soil, reducing soil bulk density, favourable plant root growth; Simultaneously containing the nutritive element needed for a large amount of plant, promote soil nutrient circulation and plant-growth; Also have higher biological stability, the ability of stronger opposing microbial decomposition, can strengthen the carbon solidification effect of soil, reduces the release of carbon to air.If biomass charcoal is prepared coated slow releasing fertilizer as mould material, fertilizer nutrient release rate can not only be slowed down, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, and good ecological environment benefit can be brought.Therefore, carbonization rice husk is utilized to prepare the coated slow releasing fertilizer of 3 kinds of different thickness for main membrane material herein, emphasis has inquired into the thickness of biomass charcoal to the impact of the Nutrient Release of coated slow releasing fertilizer, to providing foundation for the research and development of China's environment-friendly type slow release fertilizer and application.
Summary of the invention
A kind of biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: agricultural crop straw 45 ~ 60, soil beneficial microorganism bacterium 6 ~ 12, brown sugar slag 15 ~ 20, starch 20 ~ 25, sodium alginate 3 ~ 5, urea 16 ~ 22, potassium permanganate 15 ~ 20, Sodium Selenite 1 ~ 3, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 18 ~ 25, binding agent 5 ~ 7 and appropriate water;
Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: polyvinyl alcohol 10 ~ 15, limestone powder 3 ~ 5, coal tar 4 ~ 7, sodium bicarbonate 1 ~ 2, chitin 2 ~ 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1 ~ 2.5, tributyl phosphate 0.5 ~ 1, ethanol 6 ~ 10 and water 50; Preparation method is in a kettle., by ethanol and water mixed diluting, then coal tar, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium bicarbonate and tributyl phosphate is added, be heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, constant temperature stirs 30 ~ 40min with 350 ~ 600r/min rotating speed, to leave standstill after 20min to lather collapse under keeping warm mode, be finally blended into polyvinyl alcohol, limestone powder and chitin, under 60 ~ 75 DEG C of conditions, be stirred to uniform emulsion and get final product.
A preparation method for biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(1) added water to by agricultural crop straw and just do not have total material, soak vibration 8 ~ 10h, ball milling 10 ~ 15min becomes homogenate, dry to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 5 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;
(2) mixed soil beneficial microorganism bacterium, brown sugar slag, starch and sodium alginate, add 5 ~ 8 times to the water of total amount, be heated to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, stir 30 ~ 40min to mixing completely, then under 1200 ~ 1800r/min condition, centrifugal 5 ~ 10min embeds, and is ground into pulvis after lower sediment being dried;
(3) mixing urea, potassium permanganate, Sodium Selenite, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and other following remaining component do not related to, be crushed to 40 mesh sieves, add the pulvis of (2), add water adjustment water content to 40% in right amount, makes the particle of 3 ~ 4mm particle diameter;
(4) binding agent is added in the carbonizing production of (1), add water and be modulated into water content 70 ~ 80% and stick with paste uniformly, then the particle described in (3) is put into coating machine and be preheating to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, on particle, thickener is sprayed at interval, 2 ~ 3 times repeatedly, finally logical hot-air seasoning.
The peplos composition coated carbamide that the present invention adopts the crude active charcoal components matching binding agent of charring rice husk to make, then probes into the release conditions of coated carbamide in soil.
Supply examination soil to be cinnamon soil, it is 46.2% that urea adopts oarse-grained diameter to be 3.0 ~ 4.0mm nitrogen content, and binding agent is the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of concentration 5.0%.
Encapsulation tool is the agent of rotary drum sugar-coat coating, high-pressure spray-painted rifle.Step is that the granular urea taking 1.0kg uniform particle sizes is poured in transferring shares of rotation, be heated to about 40 DEG C, according to the consumption of every kilogram of fertilizer 50ml binding agent, binding agent is sprayed on granular urea, a certain amount of charring rice husk is joined in rotary drum, sprays binding agent simultaneously, make material rolling granulating, repeatedly several times, until wrap up complete.Finally obtain lapping consumption account for be wrapped weight of fertilizer 10%, 15%, 20% ratio, altogether prepare 3 kinds of coated slow releasing fertilizers, be expressed as SRF10, SRF15, SRF20.
Adopt 200 object plastics filter clothes to internal diameter 4.72cm, high 15.24 pvc pipe back cover make drip washing post, take soil as drip washing medium, fertilizer amount adds in the ratio of N 0.6g/kg wind desiceted soil the coated slow releasing fertilizer developed voluntarily; Contrast (use the urea without parcel, CK represents) and blank totally 5 process are set simultaneously, each process repetition 3 times.The earth pillar having fertilizer to be mixed into first loads when loading the wind desiceted soil that 50g is not mixed into fertilizer, reinstalls in pvc pipe, a little quartz sand in its upper berth after remaining wind desiceted soil and test fertilizer fully mix.
Earth pillar is made rear 100ml distilled water and slowly and is in multiple times dripped earth pillar and make soil fully wetting, but unlikely excessive water oozes out from earth pillar, starts first time drip washing after leaving standstill 24h.When drip washing adds water, the volumetric flask that 100ml distilled water is housed is inverted in soil surface, makes water layer earth pillar being formed thick about 1.0cm, ensure that drip washing head is constant.Receive leacheate with triangular flask, each drip washing terminates rear thorn foraminate plastics film grave mound post mouth, and is placed in 30 DEG C of incubators and cultivates.After 3 days, take out earth pillar, carry out drip washing next time, altogether drip washing 8 times, leacheate azotometer (FOSS Kjeltec TM 8100) measures total nitrogen content.
The nutrients release process of coated slow releasing fertilizer can describe with Logistic curve, and the expression formula of this curve is such as formula (l).Y=k/1+e a-Rt, y is Nitrogen Accumulation release rate, and k is nitrogen cumulative maximum burst size (generally getting k=l00%), a and R is constant, t be the drip washing time (my god).The Nitrogen Accumulation release rate of coated slow releasing fertilizer and control treatment is that the full nitrogen cumulative release amount of each fertilizer treatment accounts for the per-cent of each fertilizer treatment nitrogen total amount with the difference of the full nitrogen cumulative release amount of non-fertilizer treatment, the results are shown in Figure 1.
As can be seen from Figure 1, CK fertilizer just had the nutrients release of 50% at first 3 days, released the nutrient of about 90% the 10th day time.This accumulation Nitrogen releasing amount in time change procedure can be expressed with following formula: y=ke b/t(k>0, b<0)
(2), in formula, k is the maximum Nitrogen Accumulation burst size of fertilizer; B is release rate constant.Carrying out numerical fitting result by the accumulation Nitrogen releasing amount of (2) formula to non-coated urea is: y=0.91165e -0.9633/t, the relation conefficient of this formula is 0.95, reaches P<0.01 significant correlation level.
3 kinds of coated slow releasing fertilizers are compared with CK fertilizer, and Nitrogen Accumulation dispose procedure is relatively milder, and is about 80% in cultivation about the 30th day nutrients accumulation burst size, illustrates that this coated slow releasing fertilizer is applicable to the nutritional needs of shorter crop breeding time.
The rule of coated slow releasing fertilizer Nitrogen releasing can be described well with Logistic curve, for namely the Nitrogen Accumulation burst size fit equation differentiate of 2.2 slow release fertilizer release rate of nitrogen features to coated slow releasing fertilizer shown in Fig. 1 and CK be release rate of nitrogen curve, the results are shown in Figure 2.SRF20 initial stage release rate is significantly less than other two kinds of fertilizer, namely fertilizer integument is thicker, fertilizer is less at the nitrogen release rate of first day, illustrate and can be considered poroid material between integument particle and particle, water molecules is dissipated to fertilizer core by these holes, integument thickness increases, and it is long that moisture enters the fertile heart time, causes SRF20 to discharge nitrogen and causes initial stage nitrogen release rate minimum time lag.SRF10, SRF15, SRF20 nitrogen rate of release every day maximum value is respectively 1.95%, 1.96%, 1.95%, appear at respectively drip washing start after the 8th, 12 and 18 day.3 kinds of fertilizer rate of release maximum value differences are not obvious, but occur that the time of maximum value increases along with integument thickness and obviously extends.
(1) constant temperature indoor soil-column drip washing analog reslt shows, biomass charcoal (carbonization rice husk) is utilized to be lapping, the coating agent bundled slow-releasing fertilizer that binding agent prepared by the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of 5.0% coordinates biomass charcoal to make is feasible, nutrient releasing speed thickens along with integument and diminishes, and can select suitable Jacket thickness according to the nutrient demand of different crops simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention utilizes the straw charring product of farm crop, binding agent is coordinated to make a kind of high-efficiency sustained-release fertilizer of cheapness, not only solve the process problem of agricultural crop straw, additionally provide a kind of efficient release-controlled coated material, the stalk after charing is different from gac, and its particle is larger, loosen in space, coated film for fertilizer confirms Be very effective through test, and simultaneously the useful microbial strains of coating, provides soil ecological organic environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is coated slow releasing fertilizer Nitrogen Accumulation release rate (amount) curve over time;
Fig. 2 is the release rate of nitrogen curve over time of coated slow releasing fertilizer;
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): agricultural crop straw 45, soil beneficial microorganism bacterium 8, brown sugar slag 15, starch 20, sodium alginate 3, urea 20, potassium permanganate 15, Sodium Selenite 1, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 25, binding agent 5 and appropriate water;
Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: polyvinyl alcohol 14, limestone powder 3, coal tar 5, sodium bicarbonate 1, chitin 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1, tributyl phosphate 0.5, ethanol 8 and water 50; Preparation method is in a kettle., by ethanol and water mixed diluting, then coal tar, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium bicarbonate and tributyl phosphate is added, be heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, constant temperature stirs 30 ~ 40min with 350 ~ 600r/min rotating speed, to leave standstill after 20min to lather collapse under keeping warm mode, be finally blended into polyvinyl alcohol, limestone powder and chitin, under 60 ~ 75 DEG C of conditions, be stirred to uniform emulsion and get final product.
A preparation method for biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:
(1) added water to by agricultural crop straw and just do not have total material, soak vibration 8 ~ 10h, ball milling 10 ~ 15min becomes homogenate, dry to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 5 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;
(2) mixed soil beneficial microorganism bacterium, brown sugar slag, starch and sodium alginate, add 5 ~ 8 times to the water of total amount, be heated to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, stir 30 ~ 40min to mixing completely, then under 1200 ~ 1800r/min condition, centrifugal 5 ~ 10min embeds, and is ground into pulvis after lower sediment being dried;
(3) mixing urea, potassium permanganate, Sodium Selenite, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and other following remaining component do not related to, be crushed to 40 mesh sieves, add the pulvis of (2), add water adjustment water content to 40% in right amount, makes the particle of 3 ~ 4mm particle diameter;
(4) binding agent is added in the carbonizing production of (1), add water and be modulated into water content 70 ~ 80% and stick with paste uniformly, then the particle described in (3) is put into coating machine and be preheating to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, on particle, thickener is sprayed at interval, 2 ~ 3 times repeatedly, finally logical hot-air seasoning.
Biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer of the present invention is used for plant common agricultural experiment; select 5 mu of planting bases; use fertilizer of the present invention; as experimental group; common fertilizer is executed in 5 mu of bases of control group routinely planting requirement; other condition is identical, and experiment proves, when using identical amount fertilizer; the farm crop of experimental group plantation; its stalk and branches and leaves more sturdy, growing way is obviously better than control group, and output obviously promotes; save labour simultaneously; protection of the environment, soil probiotics content exceeds nearly 4 times, and economy comparatively improves 24.6% former years.

Claims (2)

1. a biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: agricultural crop straw 45 ~ 60, soil beneficial microorganism bacterium 6 ~ 12, brown sugar slag 15 ~ 20, starch 20 ~ 25, sodium alginate 3 ~ 5, urea 16 ~ 22, potassium permanganate 15 ~ 20, Sodium Selenite 1 ~ 3, ammonium hydrogen phosphate 18 ~ 25, binding agent 5 ~ 7 and appropriate water;
Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: polyvinyl alcohol 10 ~ 15, limestone powder 3 ~ 5, coal tar 4 ~ 7, sodium bicarbonate 1 ~ 2, chitin 2 ~ 4, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1 ~ 2.5, tributyl phosphate 0.5 ~ 1, ethanol 6 ~ 10 and water 50; Preparation method is in a kettle., by ethanol and water mixed diluting, then coal tar, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium bicarbonate and tributyl phosphate is added, be heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, constant temperature stirs 30 ~ 40min with 350 ~ 600r/min rotating speed, to leave standstill after 20min to lather collapse under keeping warm mode, be finally blended into polyvinyl alcohol, limestone powder and chitin, under 60 ~ 75 DEG C of conditions, be stirred to uniform emulsion and get final product.
2. the preparation method of a kind of biomass charcoal Enveloped microorganism fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:
(1) added water to by agricultural crop straw and just do not have total material, soak vibration 8 ~ 10h, ball milling 10 ~ 15min becomes homogenate, dry to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 5 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;
(2) mixed soil beneficial microorganism bacterium, brown sugar slag, starch and sodium alginate, adding 5 ~ 8 times to the water of total amount, be heated to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, stirring 30 ~ 40min to mixing completely, then under 1200 ~ 1800r/min condition, centrifugal 5 ~ 10min embeds, and is ground into pulvis after lower sediment being dried;
(3) mixing urea, potassium permanganate, Sodium Selenite, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and other following remaining component do not related to, be crushed to 40 mesh sieves, added the pulvis of (2), and add water adjustment water content to 40% in right amount, makes the particle of 3 ~ 4mm particle diameter;
(4) binding agent is added in the carbonizing production of (1), add water and be modulated into water content 70 ~ 80% and stick with paste uniformly, then the particle described in (3) is put into coating machine and be preheating to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, on particle, thickener is sprayed at interval, 2 ~ 3 times repeatedly, finally logical hot-air seasoning.
CN201510223803.8A 2015-05-05 2015-05-05 Biomass-charcoal-enveloped microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN104973926A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105294263A (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-02-03 全椒县琪悦家庭农场 Nitrogen-fixing microorganism compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105802636A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-07-27 农杰 Seepage-proof water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof
CN105925269A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-09-07 农杰 Soil water-retention agent and preparation method thereof
CN105948897A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-09-21 农杰 Nourishing water retaining agent and preparation method thereof
CN106008076A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-10-12 安徽永冠农业科技有限公司 Natural mineral fertilizer for pumpkins and preparation method of fertilizer
CN107759322A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-06 浙江省农业科学院 A kind of charcoal base microbe composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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CN104446935A (en) * 2014-11-20 2015-03-25 中国水稻研究所 Production method of biological carbon coated controlled-release fertilizer
CN104478536A (en) * 2014-10-23 2015-04-01 合肥智上农业开发有限公司 A microorganism composite ecological fertilizer and a preparing method thereof

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JP2012126843A (en) * 2010-12-16 2012-07-05 Hatsuno Kenzai Kogyo Kk Cleaning agent for hexavalent chromium and method for cleaning hexavalent chromium in hexavalent chromium-containing material
CN103755452A (en) * 2013-12-20 2014-04-30 当涂县科辉商贸有限公司 Slow-release fertilizer containing multiple nutrient elements and preparation method thereof
CN103772021A (en) * 2014-01-14 2014-05-07 凤台县珠莹葡萄种植专业合作社 Disease and pest preventive EM (Effective Microorganism) fermented compound fertilizer for seedless grape
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105294263A (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-02-03 全椒县琪悦家庭农场 Nitrogen-fixing microorganism compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN105802636A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-07-27 农杰 Seepage-proof water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof
CN105925269A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-09-07 农杰 Soil water-retention agent and preparation method thereof
CN105948897A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-09-21 农杰 Nourishing water retaining agent and preparation method thereof
CN106008076A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-10-12 安徽永冠农业科技有限公司 Natural mineral fertilizer for pumpkins and preparation method of fertilizer
CN107759322A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-06 浙江省农业科学院 A kind of charcoal base microbe composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20151014