CN104969762A - Method for planting panax notoginseng based on Chinese fir woodland - Google Patents

Method for planting panax notoginseng based on Chinese fir woodland Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104969762A
CN104969762A CN201510417076.9A CN201510417076A CN104969762A CN 104969762 A CN104969762 A CN 104969762A CN 201510417076 A CN201510417076 A CN 201510417076A CN 104969762 A CN104969762 A CN 104969762A
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China
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pseudo
forest land
ginseng
china fir
planting
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罗先权
陈灵
饶红欣
彭静
王萍
龚舟
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FOREST BOTANICAL GARDEN HUNAN PROV
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FOREST BOTANICAL GARDEN HUNAN PROV
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

Abstract

The invention provides a method for planting panax notoginseng based on a Chinese fir woodland. The method has following beneficial effects: an environmental condition for the growth of panax notoginseng is provided by the Chinese fir woodland instead of setting up a shade frame, thereby greatly reducing cost of planting panax notoginseng and improving output of panax notoginseng; and furthermore, firs can provide nutrients for the growth of panax notoginseng after fallen leaves thereof decay in autumn and winter in order to reduce artificial fertilization, decrease production cost and obtain better economic benefit. Therefore, the method for planting panax notoginseng based on the Chinese fir woodland helps to solve the problem that planting cost is high because a shading facility is necessarily set up for plantation of panax notoginseng.

Description

A kind of method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, more specifically, relate to a kind of method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng.
Background technology
Pseudo-ginseng another name pseudo-ginseng, ginseng seven, invaluable etc., the raw product of pseudo-ginseng have hemostasis, effect of the fall apart stasis of blood, detumescence, analgesic therapy, and the ripe product of pseudo-ginseng have effect of blood circulation promoting and enriching.Recently, China's medicine scholar also finds that pseudo-ginseng has antifatigue, resist oxygen lack, establishing-Yang, anti-ageing, hypoglycemic and improve many-sided effect such as body's immunity.
Along with the fast development of Chinese Medicine Industry, tcm clinical practice medication and health products, cosmetics increase considerably pseudo-ginseng demand, the contradiction between the area under cultivation that pseudo-ginseng is limited and market demand.At present, the cultivation method of pseudo-ginseng adopts facility cultivation method usually, before pseudo-ginseng is transplanted, namely uses sunshade net to set up into cool canopy, then transplant the method for pseudo-ginseng.Concrete notoginseng planting method mainly comprises following content: select the gentle slope ground of draining well, containing organic humus soil, soil pH value is 5.5-7.0; Repeatedly turn over dark 15-20 centimetre in the autumn and winter, apply fertilizer after ploughing for the last time, and shine native 7-10 days after turning over plough, pseudo-ginseng needs to flatten cultivated spy's furrow before transplanting; From the fruit of ripe pseudo-ginseng, get kind, and use drug disinfection process; Seed is with seeding row spacing 5-6 centimetre program request, and evenly spread one deck mixing fertilizer, furrow cover one deck straw, waters permeable; Transplant after seedling cultivation and one-year, during transplanting, limit lifting, Bian Xuanmiao, limit are transplanted; Cover fire soil after transplanting or fine earth mixes farmyard manure, then spread careless or pine tag covering furrow face, mountain that one deck pulverized; Field management, often will spray trickle and keep furrow face moistening, want timely draining during rainy season during arid, and in good time weeding, topdresses and prevention and elimination of disease and pests; Plant after 3 years, annual October (not reserving seed for planting) and December (reserving seed for planting) gather, and after cleaning, dry or dry, then collide polishing and to get product pseudo-ginseng.
Because pseudo-ginseng often plants one batch, the intermediate demand interval time of 10 years just can plant again, and notoginseng planting needs to set up booth, make Land_use change limited, and production cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng, need to build give shade facility, problem that cost is high to solve plantation pseudo-ginseng described in background technology.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
Based on a method for China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng, the described method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng comprises the following steps:
S01: select height above sea level 300-2000 rice, year-round average temperature 10-13 DEG C, more than 240 days frost-free season, annual precipitation 1400-1600 millimeter, relative air humidity more than 75%, away from pollution source, be rich in organic matter, loose fertile, soil pH value 4.5-6.5, heavy metal content in soil meets the China fir forest land that standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-2008) requires;
S02: selection crown density are 0.5-0.8, the forest land gradient is the China fir forest land of 5-50 °;
S03: remove forest land shrub and foreign material, hoe digs, fertilising, hoe digs and in small, broken bits, leveling again, sterilization, bedding;
S04: rub with the hands and remove seed coat, then press seeding row spacing 5*6 centimetre program request, evenly spreads one deck mixing fertilizer after program request completes, furrow face Chinese fir fallen leaves cover, and water permeable;
S05: transplant after seedling cultivation and one-year, sterilization before transplanting, after sterilization, seedling bud head is planted to declivity, covers the fine earth being mixed with farmyard manure, water permeable, then cover one deck China fir leaf after transplanting.
Preferably, described in step S03, fertilising comprises: execute decomposed dung 4500-6000 kilogram for every mu, cake fertilizer 45-60 kilogram.
Preferably, described in step S03, sterilization comprises: spray the happy many thimerosals of ripple to disinfecting soil.
Preferably, rub with the hands described in step S04 after going seed coat to comprise to load seed with the sack of permeable, the resistance to rubbing of quality, crumple in the container be filled with water, then rinsing removing seed coat.
Preferably, to mix fertilizer described in step S04 be decomposed dung with farmyard manure mix fertilizer.
Preferably, the decomposed dung in described mixing fertilizer and farmyard manure are respectively according to mass percent: decomposed dung is 20-70%, and farmyard manure is 30-80%.
Preferably, covering the thickness being mixed with the fine earth of farmyard manure described in step S05 is 3 centimetres.
Preferably, before transplanting described in step S05, sterilization comprises: use 300 times of zineb to carry out disinfection to pseudo-ginseng before transplanting.
Preferably, the described method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng also comprises: pseudo-ginseng of not reserving seed for planting all will be extractd at fine day when there is flower a kind of sedge; Notoginseng planting was gathered after 3 years, described in gather point not reserve seed for planting to gather and reserve seed for planting and gather, the described picking time of gathering of not reserving seed for planting is October; The described picking time of gathering of reserving seed for planting is January in December to next year; Gather and cut off acrial part, fine day digging in first 10 days, pluck stem after digging out and clean, Exposure to Sunlight repeatedly, to rub, and to control pseudo-ginseng water content be 12-13%.
Preferably, the planting area in China fir forest land covers the planting area of pseudo-ginseng.
Method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng provided by the invention, according to the ecological characteristics of cultivation under woods crop, utilizes the natural dark conditions of lanceolata forest to carry out notoginseng planting.The altitude conditions of China fir plantation, the condition needed for plantation of weather conditions and soil condition and pseudo-ginseng are basically identical, China fir must experience germinate spring in process of growth, summer comes into leaves, the process that autumn and winter, leaf fell, and the crown density in China fir forest land can reach 0.8 when summer, during winter, the crown density in China fir forest land can reach 0.5, this fully meets the requirement of Panax notoginseng Growth to illumination condition, more existingly set up the growth demand that cool canopy more meets pseudo-ginseng, the output of effective raising pseudo-ginseng, and significantly reduce the cost set up because sheltering from heat or light needed for cool canopy.Meanwhile, lanceolata forest as the fertilizer of pseudo-ginseng, thus can reduce the fertilizing amount for people after the leaf that autumn and winter season comes off rots, and then saves production cost.In addition, between China fir forest land, plant pseudo-ginseng, the availability in soil can be improved, reduce the consumption of wild resource, increase self-employed tree cultivator's income, preserve the ecological environment.Therefore, the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng provided by the invention can solve plantation pseudo-ginseng needs construction to give shade facility, cost high problem.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
A kind of method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng that the embodiment of the present invention provides, solving plantation pseudo-ginseng needs construction to give shade facility, cost high problem.
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, and enable the above-mentioned purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that the present invention is based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng, shows the implantation methods process of pseudo-ginseng based on China fir forest land.When based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng, the cultivated area of pseudo-ginseng is less than the cultivated area in China fir forest land, to ensure that the China fir in China fir forest land can provide the crown density that can meet Panax notoginseng Growth.
In the process of plantation pseudo-ginseng, during arid season, frequent shower water, to keep furrow face moistening, can not sprinkle pouring; During rainy season, particularly when raining heavyly, timely draining, to prevent subterraneous root maize ear rot and other diseases; During Panax notoginseng Growth want in good time weeding, topdress, controlling disease; To earth up in time when the rhizome of pseudo-ginseng and root basset, all extract at fine day, to increase substantially the output of pseudo-ginseng when flower a kind of sedge appears in pseudo-ginseng of not reserving seed for planting; The pseudo-ginseng of reserving seed for planting is thinning out colored a kind of sedge of 1/3rd, just can obtain satisfied pseudo-ginseng output.
Pseudo-ginseng can be gathered after 3 years in plantation, be divided into picking time gather October and January in December to next year gather, the pseudo-ginseng of gathering October is the pseudo-ginseng of not reserving seed for planting, and the pseudo-ginseng of gathering January in December to next year is the pseudo-ginseng of reserving seed for planting.Within 10 days before gathering, cut off acrial part, and select fine day digging.Pluck stem, reed head and coring etc. after taking pseudo-ginseng and clean up, Exposure to Sunlight repeatedly, to rub, to make pseudo-ginseng solid.If meet overcast and rainy, can dry below 50 DEG C.The pseudo-ginseng water content control dried or dry is at 12-13%.Pseudo-ginseng is placed in the gunnysack with chaff or paddy to come and go and collides shinny to surface and in brownish black, the pseudo-ginseng of finished product can be obtained.
Embodiment 1
Method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
S101: select height above sea level 300 meters, year-round average temperature 10 DEG C, more than 240 days frost-free season, annual precipitation 1600 millimeters, relative air humidity more than 75%, away from pollution source, be rich in organic matter, loose fertile, soil pH value 5.0, heavy metal content in soil meets the China fir forest land that standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-2008) requires;
S102: select crown density to be 0.5, the forest land gradient is the China fir forest land of 5 °;
S103: shrub and the foreign material of removing forest land, China fir forest land is dug to without bulk soil without the region hoe of long-term cropping, execute decomposed dung 4500 kilograms and 45 kilograms, cake fertilizer for every mu, after turning over hoe, airing is carried out to soil, hoe digs and makes soil in small, broken bits again, flatten soil in small, broken bits, spray the happy many thimerosals of ripple to disinfecting soil, then according to landform bedding;
S104: Panax notoginseng seeds is positioned in the permeable and resistance to sack rubbed, and the sack that Panax notoginseng seeds is housed is put into the container be filled with water crumple, crumple to seed coat disengaging seed, finally by seed rinsing to remove seed coat, then according to line-spacing 5*6 centimetre of program request Panax notoginseng seeds, that evenly spreads one deck decomposed dung and farmyard manure after program request completes mixes fertilizer, wherein the mass fraction of decomposed dung is 20%, the mass fraction of farmyard manure is 80%, furrow face China fir fallen leaves cover, and water permeable, with keep furrow face moistening and suppress weeds;
S105: transplant after seedling cultivation and one-year, use 300 times of zineb to carry out disinfection to pseudo-ginseng before transplanting, after sterilization, seedling bud head is planted to declivity, covers the fine earth being mixed with farmyard manure of 3 cm thicks, water permeable, then cover one deck Chinese fir leaf after transplanting.
Embodiment 2
Method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
S201: select height above sea level 2000 meters, year-round average temperature 13 DEG C, more than 240 days frost-free season, annual precipitation 1400 millimeters, relative air humidity more than 75%, away from pollution source, be rich in organic matter, loose fertile, soil pH value 6.5, heavy metal content in soil meets the China fir forest land that standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-2008) requires;
S202: select crown density to be 0.8, the forest land gradient is the China fir forest land of 50 °;
S203: shrub and the foreign material of removing forest land, China fir forest land is dug to without bulk soil without the region hoe of long-term cropping, execute decomposed dung 5000 kilograms and 50 kilograms, cake fertilizer for every mu, after turning over hoe, airing is carried out to soil, hoe digs and makes soil in small, broken bits again, flatten soil in small, broken bits, spray the happy many thimerosals of ripple to disinfecting soil, then according to landform bedding;
S204: Panax notoginseng seeds is positioned in the permeable and resistance to sack rubbed, and the sack that Panax notoginseng seeds is housed is put into the container be filled with water crumple, crumple to seed coat disengaging seed, finally by seed rinsing to remove seed coat, then according to line-spacing 5*6 centimetre of program request Panax notoginseng seeds, that evenly spreads one deck decomposed dung and farmyard manure after program request completes mixes fertilizer, wherein the mass fraction of decomposed dung is 70%, the mass fraction of farmyard manure is 30%, furrow face China fir fallen leaves cover, and water permeable, with keep furrow face moistening and suppress weeds;
S205: transplant after seedling cultivation and one-year, use 300 times of zineb to carry out disinfection to pseudo-ginseng before transplanting, after sterilization, seedling bud head is planted to declivity, covers the fine earth being mixed with farmyard manure of 3 cm thicks, water permeable, then cover one deck Chinese fir leaf after transplanting.
Embodiment 3
Method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
S301: select height above sea level 1000 meters, year-round average temperature 12 DEG C, more than 240 days frost-free season, annual precipitation 1500 millimeters, relative air humidity more than 75%, away from pollution source, be rich in organic matter, loose fertile, soil pH value 6.0, heavy metal content in soil meets the China fir forest land that standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-2008) requires;
S302: select crown density to be 0.7, the forest land gradient is the China fir forest land of 30 °;
S303: shrub and the foreign material of removing forest land, China fir forest land is dug to without bulk soil without the region hoe of long-term cropping, execute decomposed dung 6000 kilograms and 60 kilograms, cake fertilizer for every mu, after turning over hoe, airing is carried out to soil, hoe digs and makes soil in small, broken bits again, flatten soil in small, broken bits, spray the happy many thimerosals of ripple to disinfecting soil, then according to landform bedding;
S304: Panax notoginseng seeds is positioned in the permeable and resistance to sack rubbed, and the sack that Panax notoginseng seeds is housed is put into the container be filled with water crumple, crumple to seed coat disengaging seed, finally by seed rinsing to remove seed coat, then according to line-spacing 5*6 centimetre of program request Panax notoginseng seeds, that evenly spreads one deck decomposed dung and farmyard manure after program request completes mixes fertilizer, wherein the mass fraction of decomposed dung is 40%, the mass fraction of farmyard manure is 60%, furrow face China fir fallen leaves cover, and water permeable, with keep furrow face moistening and suppress weeds;
S305: transplant after seedling cultivation and one-year, use 300 times of zineb to carry out disinfection to pseudo-ginseng before transplanting, after sterilization, seedling bud head is planted to declivity, covers the fine earth being mixed with farmyard manure of 3 cm thicks, water permeable, then cover one deck Chinese fir leaf after transplanting.
Embodiment 4
Method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
S401: select height above sea level 1500 meters, year-round average temperature 12 DEG C, more than 240 days frost-free season, annual precipitation 1500 millimeters, relative air humidity more than 75%, away from pollution source, be rich in organic matter, loose fertile, soil pH value 6.0, heavy metal content in soil meets the China fir forest land that standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-2008) requires;
S402: select crown density to be 0.7, the forest land gradient is the China fir forest land of 25 °;
S403: shrub and the foreign material of removing forest land, China fir forest land is dug to without bulk soil without the region hoe of long-term cropping, execute decomposed dung 5000 kilograms and 50 kilograms, cake fertilizer for every mu, after turning over hoe, airing is carried out to soil, hoe digs and makes soil in small, broken bits again, flatten soil in small, broken bits, spray the happy many thimerosals of ripple to disinfecting soil, then according to landform bedding;
S404: Panax notoginseng seeds is positioned in the permeable and resistance to sack rubbed, and the sack that Panax notoginseng seeds is housed is put into the container be filled with water crumple, crumples to seed coat and departs from seed, finally by seed rinsing to remove seed coat; Then according to line-spacing 5*6 centimetre of program request Panax notoginseng seeds, that evenly spreads one deck decomposed dung and farmyard manure after program request completes mixes fertilizer, wherein the mass fraction of decomposed dung is 50%, the mass fraction of farmyard manure is 50%, furrow face China fir fallen leaves cover, and water permeable, with keep furrow face moistening and suppress weeds;
S405: transplant after seedling cultivation and one-year, use 300 times of zineb to carry out disinfection to pseudo-ginseng before transplanting, after sterilization, seedling bud head is planted to declivity, covers the fine earth being mixed with farmyard manure of 3 cm thicks, water permeable, then cover one deck Chinese fir leaf after transplanting.
Above-described embodiment of the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any amendment done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. based on a method for China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng, it is characterized in that, the described method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng comprises the following steps:
S01: select height above sea level 300-2000 rice, year-round average temperature 10-13 DEG C, more than 240 days frost-free season, annual precipitation 1400-1600 millimeter, relative air humidity more than 75%, away from pollution source, be rich in organic matter, loose fertile, soil pH value 4.5-6.5, heavy metal content in soil meets the China fir forest land that standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-2008) requires;
S02: selection crown density are 0.5-0.8, the forest land gradient is the China fir forest land of 5-50 °;
S03: remove forest land shrub and foreign material, hoe digs, fertilising, hoe digs and in small, broken bits, leveling again, sterilization, bedding;
S04: rub with the hands and remove seed coat, then press seeding row spacing 5*6 centimetre program request, evenly spreads one deck mixing fertilizer after program request completes, furrow face Chinese fir fallen leaves cover, and water permeable;
S05: transplant after seedling cultivation and one-year, sterilization before transplanting, after sterilization, seedling bud head is planted to declivity, covers the fine earth being mixed with farmyard manure, water permeable, then cover one deck China fir leaf after transplanting.
2. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, is characterized in that, fertilising described in step S03 comprises: execute decomposed dung 4500-6000 kilogram for every mu, cake fertilizer 45-60 kilogram.
3. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sterilization described in step S03 comprises: spray the happy many thimerosals of ripple to disinfecting soil.
4. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, is characterized in that, rubs with the hands after going seed coat to comprise to load seed with the sack of permeable, the resistance to rubbing of quality, crumple in the container be filled with water described in step S04, then rinsing removing seed coat.
5. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, is characterized in that, to mix fertilizer described in step S04 be decomposed dung with farmyard manure mix fertilizer.
6. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the decomposed dung in described mixing fertilizer and farmyard manure are respectively according to mass percent: decomposed dung is 20-70%, and farmyard manure is 30-80%.
7. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, covering the thickness being mixed with the fine earth of farmyard manure described in step S05 is 3 centimetres.
8. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before transplanting described in step S05, sterilization comprises: use 300 times of zineb to carry out disinfection to pseudo-ginseng before transplanting.
9. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng also comprises: pseudo-ginseng of not reserving seed for planting all will be extractd at fine day when there is flower a kind of sedge; Notoginseng planting was gathered after 3 years, described in gather point not reserve seed for planting to gather and reserve seed for planting and gather, the described picking time of gathering of not reserving seed for planting is October; The described picking time of gathering of reserving seed for planting is January in December to next year; Gather and cut off acrial part, fine day digging in first 10 days, pluck stem after digging out and clean, Exposure to Sunlight repeatedly, to rub, and to control pseudo-ginseng water content be 12-13%.
10. the method based on China fir forest land plantation pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the planting area in China fir forest land covers the planting area of pseudo-ginseng.
CN201510417076.9A 2015-07-15 2015-07-15 Method for planting panax notoginseng based on Chinese fir woodland Pending CN104969762A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1418498A (en) * 2002-12-23 2003-05-21 黄立海 Method for three-dimensional interplanting of Radix Notoginseng together with chaenomeles fruit plants
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1418498A (en) * 2002-12-23 2003-05-21 黄立海 Method for three-dimensional interplanting of Radix Notoginseng together with chaenomeles fruit plants
CN101595796A (en) * 2009-07-09 2009-12-09 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 Spatial planting method of abandoned lands
CN103392472A (en) * 2013-07-09 2013-11-20 云南维和药业无量药谷种植有限公司 Method for planting panax notoginseng under forest
CN104396526A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-03-11 成都红柿子科技有限公司 Pseudo-ginseng planting method

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