CN104938466B - A kind of environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method - Google Patents
A kind of environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104938466B CN104938466B CN201510349108.6A CN201510349108A CN104938466B CN 104938466 B CN104938466 B CN 104938466B CN 201510349108 A CN201510349108 A CN 201510349108A CN 104938466 B CN104938466 B CN 104938466B
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Abstract
A kind of environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method, it is therefore an objective to kill harmful microorganism and pest in soil, improve greenhouse Disinfection Effect, reduce chemical agent use；The present invention is during greenhouse lies fallow, and greenhouse is closed, and soil moisture is maintained at 70% or more；8 15 side's composite bacterial fertilizers are applied per acre, and composite bacterial fertilizer includes without decomposed chicken manure and beneficial microbial bacterial agent, which includes bacterium 1010CFU/g, actinomyces 108CFU/g, saccharomycete 108CFU/g and mould 108CFU/g；Additive amount of the microbial bacterial agent in chicken manure is the side 500g/；Greenhouse floor is all covered with transparent plastic film；The soil moisture is set to be increased to 50 DEG C or more using solar irradiation, to achieve the purpose that kill harmful microorganism and pest in soil；The soil treatment time will reach 30 days or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of greenhouse soil disinfection methods of novel environment friendly high-efficiency, belong to green agriculture production neck
Domain.
Background technology
The degree of Facility Agriculture Development becomes the one of the important signs that for weighing a country agricultural modernization level.
China's industrialized agriculture passes through fast development in more than 30 years, and national greenhouse area is about 45,000,000 mu, is ranked first in the world.
The vegetable and fruit of northern area, greenhouse production has become one of the important foodstuffs source in consumer's winter.Since greenhouse is big
Canopy is chronically at high temperature, high humidity and relatively closed environment in Growing season, is easy to grow various pest and disease damages, and these pathogens
It can cause to continue to endanger and increasingly aggravate with accumulation of the worm's ovum in soil and air and procreation so that continuous cropping is not simply failed to,
And the growth of succession crop can be influenced.Therefore, greenhouse pest and disease damage, which increasingly aggravates to have become, influences China's industrialized agriculture
The important bottleneck of soil resource Sustainable and highly-efficient use.With the increase of protected crop Cultivation time, due to largely using chemical fertilizer agriculture
Medicine and continuous crop often cause change and the soil texture of microbial populations in soil in addition Soil suppressiveness is improper
The generation of destruction and secondary salinization and nutrient obstruction, causes assessing index, pest and disease damage to take place frequently, and pesticide residue is excessive, sternly
Home environment and agricultural product quality and safety are affected again.Vegetables in greenhouse booth Major Diseases have droop, bacterial wilt, epidemic disease, white
Powder disease, gray mold, samping off, virosis, root knot nematode disease, downy mildew etc..Primary pest have aphid, diamondback moth, prodenia litura,
Beet armyworm, pathogenicity test, Americal rice leaf miner, red spider etc..Traditional disinfection methods are to carry out crop rotation and directly utilize at solar heat
Reason, these methods can not effectively kill pathogen and worm's ovum in soil.Greenhouse sterilization method widely used at present
It is chemical agent sterilization, lime nitrogen is such as applied into deep ploughing soil layer disinfection in canopy（CN200510012204.8）Or use is with two sulphur
Cyano methane is that the disinfectant of primary raw material carries out fumigation（CN 200410014346.3）.Although these methods can have
Effect kills pathogen and worm's ovum in soil, but material toxicity is big, if lime nitrogen belongs to inorganic Poison, to animal skin and mucous membrane
(conjunctiva, the upper respiratory tract）There is stimulation, may be dissolved in sweat or mucosal secretion, erythema can occur for the people for contacting lime nitrogen
Property dermatitis；Dithiocyano-methane sucks and eats toxic, has serious irritation to eyes, can cause skin allergy.These are all
The produced vegetable and fruit chemical agent residue problem of greenhouse can be caused serious, endanger food security.
Invention content
Purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, provide one kind can kill harmful microorganism and pest in soil,
It improves greenhouse Disinfection Effect, reduce the environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method that chemical agent uses.
The method of the present invention is：
（1）During greenhouse lies fallow, greenhouse is closed, and soil moisture is maintained at 70% or more；
（2）The side's 8-15 composite bacterial fertilizer is applied per acre, and composite bacterial fertilizer includes without decomposed chicken manure and beneficial microbial bacteria
Agent, the microbial bacterial agent include bacterium 1010CFU/g, actinomyces 108CFU/g, saccharomycete 108CFU/g and mould 108CFU/g；It is micro-
Additive amount of the bacteria agent in chicken manure is the side 500g/；
（3）Greenhouse floor is all covered with transparent plastic film；The soil moisture is set to be increased to 50 DEG C using solar irradiation
More than, to achieve the purpose that kill harmful microorganism and pest in soil；The soil treatment time will reach 30 days or more.
In view of high-temperature process will also kill most of profitable strains, thus by above-mentioned steps processing after the completion of, then apply
With the composite bacterial fertilizer of same amount, profitable strain in soil is established with help.
The bacterium includes bacillus and pseudomonad, bacillus and pseudomonad cultivate respectively after according to volume ratio
7:3 ratio mixing.
It for the canopy film of 0.1mm or thickness is 0.008mm that transparent plastic film, which uses translucency and the good thickness of heat insulation effect,
Mulch.When the soil moisture should be heated using laying underground heat pipeline or supplementary light to improve the mild extension in ground when being not achieved 50 DEG C
Between.Usually in annual late May to late August during greenhouse leisure.
The present invention makes soil using sunlight and supplement physical measure in conjunction with appropriate animal dung and beneficial microbe is applied
Earth temperature is increased to achieve the purpose that kill harmful microorganism and pest in soil, improves greenhouse Disinfection Effect, reductionization
The use of medicament is learned, ensures agricultural product quality and safety, promotes increasing peasant income growth of agricultural efficiency.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1；In late July, 2014 carries out following experiment in the greenhouse that preceding stubble is strawberry：
（1）Closed to greenhouse after being sprinkled profoundly water to soil, soil moisture is maintained at 70% or more；
（2）It is respectively provided with and applies chicken manure in the soil（T1）, composite bacterial fertilizer（Chicken manure adds microbial bacterial agent）（T2）, only apply
Microbial bacterial agent（T3）Three kinds of processing modes, and the blank control without any processing is set.Microbial bacterial agent bacterium, unwrapping wire
Bacterium, saccharomycete, four big mushroom of mould are by weight 5:2:1:2 ratio mixes, and effective active bacterium number total amount in microbial inoculum >=
109cfu/g.Wherein bacterium includes bacillus and pseudomonad, according to 7 after cultivating respectively:3 volume ratios mix.
（3）Greenhouse floor is all covered with transparent plastic film；The soil moisture is set to be increased to 50 DEG C using solar irradiation
More than, the soil treatment time should reach 30 days or more.
Each processing mode sets four repetitions.Acquisition ground temperature daily（20 cm of earth's surface）And temperature record, thermograph use
Essence wound RC-4 moisture recorders.Then it counts in fair weather ground temperature（Dependent variable y）The recurrence system changed with temperature (independent variable)
Number.The result is shown in tables 1.
1. fertilizer treatment of table and temperature influence greenhouse ground temperature
Ck（Control group）, T 1（Add chicken manure）, T2（Bacterium adds chicken manure）, T3（Bacterium）
| Acquisition time | Room temperature（x） | Ck ground temperature（y0） | T1 ground temperature（y1） | T2 ground temperature（y2） | T3 ground temperature（y3） |
| 8.1-13.05 | 60 | 48.3 | 49.3 | 52.1 | 49 |
| 8.2-14.05 | 59.4 | 47.6 | 48.3 | 50.9 | 47.4 |
| 8.3-12.35 | 60.06 | 48.3 | 49 | 51.8 | 49 |
| 8.9-13.35 | 57.5 | 43.5 | 44.1 | 47 | 43.5 |
| 8.10-14.35 | 56.5 | 43.5 | 44 | 46.6 | 43.1 |
| 8.11-13.05 | 58.5 | 44 | 44.6 | 47.2 | 44.3 |
| 8.13-12.35 | 50.9 | 37.8 | 38.4 | 39.2 | 38.7 |
| 8.14-13.35 | 59.5 | 44.6 | 44.8 | 48.3 | 46.6 |
| 8.15-14.35 | 58.2 | 46 | 45.8 | 49.2 | 46 |
| Regression equation | y0=1.07x-17.05 | y1=1.077x-16.94 | y2=1.275x-25.8 | y3=1.079x-17.1 |
In table 1：X is room temperature, y0-3For ground temperature, standard deviation=1.12；According to the above regression equation, if, x=65： y0 =
52.5 y1=53.07, y2=57.08, y3= 53.04；
x = 70： y0=57.85, y1=58.45, y2=63.42, y3= 58.4；
x = 75： y0=63.2, y1=63.84, y2=69.8, y3 = 63.8。
It these results suggest that, in this experiment when warm indoor temperature reaches 60 DEG C, do not add the control soil moisture of processing
Up to 48 DEG C or so, only plus the processing ground temperature of chicken manure or microbial bacterial agent is up to 49 DEG C or so；And chicken manure and micro- life is administered simultaneously
The ground temperature of object microbial inoculum processing is up to 52 DEG C or so.And according to regression equation calculation, if greenhouse temperature is made to reach 70-75 DEG C, ground
Temperature can rise to 63-69 DEG C or so.This temperature will be enough to kill most phytopathogens and pest and worm's ovum.Moreover, chicken
Excrement fast decoupled under beneficial microorganism effect can generate a large amount of ammonia and water soluble ammonium ion, can kill root knot line
Worm.
Embodiment 2：The treatment effect that sunning sterilization grows replanted strawberry.
（1）Closed to greenhouse after being sprinkled profoundly water to soil, soil moisture is maintained at 70% or more；In the greenhouse that preceding stubble is strawberry
Strawberry is planted in greenhouse, kind is red Charlie.
（2）One control group and three processing groups are set with embodiment 1：Control group is untreated soil；Processing
Group 1 mixes soil and microbial bacterial agent thoroughly；Chicken manure and microbial bacterial agent are added to mixing in soil and mixed thoroughly by processing group 2 jointly；
Chicken manure is spread in soil by processing group 3, and mixing is mixed thoroughly.Count different disposal strawberry survival rate and yield, plot area be
30m2, each processing group is repeated 4 times.
（3）Greenhouse floor is all covered with transparent plastic film；The soil moisture is set to be increased to 50 DEG C using solar irradiation
More than, the soil treatment time was at 30 days or more.
Influence of 2. different disposal of table to strawberry survival rate and yield
| Average survival（%） | Total output（Kg） | Increase production than CK（%） | |
| CK | 40.1 ± 0.05b | 12.4b | |
| Processing 1 | 58.9±0.03a | 26.1a | 110.4 |
| Processing 2 | 61.2±0.02a | 28.0a | 125.8 |
| Processing 3 | 61.8±0.08a | 27.0a | 117.7 |
Significant difference between the different expressions processing of different letter after data (P<0.05)。
From the point of view of yield, the planting percent and yield of three processing groups increase production obviously higher than control group 100%
More than.
In the above experiment, processing group compare with control it is equal on strawberry planting percent and yield there were significant differences, illustrate process
Processing changes the soil conditions of continuous cropping strawberry, continuous cropping obstacle has been effectively relieved really, the soil-borne disease of strawberry obtains effectively
Prevent.At three kinds, difference is not notable between processing, single plus chicken manure soil, single plus microbial bacterial agent and both place combined
Although reason has certain difference on planting percent and yield of strawberry, its difference is not up to the level of signifiance.
It can also be seen that, sunning sterilization effect should depend primarily on the soil moisture from the above experiment.And the soil moisture and temperature
Indoor temperature, light radiation amount and soil physico-chemical property and biological condition are highly relevant.Therefore a variety of methods may be used
The soil moisture is improved, including the translucency and heat insulating ability for improving greenhouse film, improves mulch translucency and heat insulating ability, appropriate
When increasing the strong probiotic strain of feces of livestock and poultry usage amount, screening fermentability, burying ground hot line in the soil, illumination is appropriately extended
Between and increase intensity of illumination, lighting can be added when necessary.
After the completion of processing, then using the composite bacterial fertilizer of same amount, i.e.,：Per acre apply the side 8-15 without decomposed chicken manure and
Beneficial microbial bacterial agent is added in chicken manure, the microbial inoculum be include bacterium 1010CFU/g, actinomyces 108CFU/g, saccharomycete
108CFU/g and mould 108The mix bacterium agent of tetra- kinds of mushrooms of CFU/g；Additive amount in chicken manure is the side 500g/.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method, it is characterized in that：
（1）During greenhouse lies fallow, greenhouse is closed, and soil moisture is maintained at 70% or more；
（2）Per acre apply the side's 8-15 composite bacterial fertilizer, composite bacterial fertilizer include without decomposed chicken manure and beneficial microbial bacterial agent,
The microbial bacterial agent includes bacterium 1010CFU/g, actinomyces 108CFU/g, saccharomycete 108CFU/g and mould 108CFU/g；It is micro-
Additive amount of the bacteria agent in chicken manure is the side 500g/；The bacterium include bacillus and pseudomonad, bacillus and
Pseudomonad cultivate respectively after according to volume ratio 7:3 ratio mixing；
（3）Greenhouse floor is all covered with transparent plastic film；The soil moisture is set to be increased to 50 DEG C or more using solar irradiation,
To achieve the purpose that kill harmful microorganism and pest in soil；The soil treatment time will reach 30 days or more, and the soil moisture reaches
When less than 50 DEG C the time should be heated to improve mild extend in ground using underground heat pipeline or supplementary light is laid with；After processing is completed
The composite bacterial fertilizer for applying same amount again, to help to establish profitable strain in soil.
2. the environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that transparent plastic film using translucency and
The mulch that the canopy film or thickness that the good thickness of heat insulation effect is 0.1mm are 0.008mm.
3. the environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that greenhouse leads to during lying fallow
Often in the annual last ten-days period in the last ten-days period in May to August.
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| CN106069057A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 徐华龙 | A kind of Litsea mollifolia cutting seedling mating system |
| CN106879404A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-23 | 漳州市金銮园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse Chinese rose mite pest prevents and treats new method |
| CN109566205A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-05 | 云南祥云圣龙农业庄园有限公司 | A kind of efficient insect prevention fungi-proofing method being suitable for vegetables and fruits seedling growth greenhouse |
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| CN100426962C (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2008-10-22 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Soil disinfection method for controlling soil-borne disease of protective vegetable |
| CN101954100A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-26 | 西北农林科技大学 | Greenhouse vegetable soil sunlight disinfection method |
| CN102613165A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Soil disinfection method for soil-borne diseases of greenhouse vegetables |
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