CN104938466A - Environment-friendly greenhouse disinfection method - Google Patents
Environment-friendly greenhouse disinfection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104938466A CN104938466A CN201510349108.6A CN201510349108A CN104938466A CN 104938466 A CN104938466 A CN 104938466A CN 201510349108 A CN201510349108 A CN 201510349108A CN 104938466 A CN104938466 A CN 104938466A
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Abstract
An environment-friendly greenhouse disinfection method aims at killing harmful microbes and insects in soil, improving the disinfection effect of greenhouses and reducing the use of chemical agents. The greenhouses are closed during the idle period of the greenhouses, and the soil humidity is kept at 70% or higher; 8 cubic meters to 15 cubic meters of composite bacterial fertilizer is applied per mu, wherein the composite bacterial fertilizer comprises chicken manure which is not thoroughly decomposed and a beneficial microbial agent, the microbial agent comprises bacteria 1010 CFU/g, actinomycete 108 CFU/g, yeast 108 CFU/g and mould 108 CFU/g; the addition amount of the microbial agent in the chicken manure is 500 grams per cubic meter; the grounds of the greenhouses are completely covered with transparent plastic thin films; the temperature of soil is raised to 50 DEG C or higher through sunshine radiation, and the aims of killing harmful microbes and insects in the soil are achieved; the time for soil treatment has to be 30 days or longer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of green house soil disinfection method of novel environment friendly high-efficiency, belong to green agriculture production field.
Background technology
The degree of Facility Agriculture Development becomes one of important symbol of a measurement country agricultural modernization level.China's industrialized agriculture was through the fast development of more than 30 years, and national green house area is about 4,500 ten thousand mu, ranks first in the world.At northern area, one of the vegetable and fruit that green house is produced important foodstuffs source having become consumer winter.Because green house is in high temperature, high humidity and relative airtight environment for a long time at Growing season, easily grow various damage by disease and insect, and these pathogens and the Cumulate Sum procreation of worm's ovum in soil and air can cause and continue harm and day by day increase the weight of, making not only cannot continuous cropping, and can affect the growth of succession crop.Therefore, green house damage by disease and insect increases the weight of to have become the important bottleneck affecting the resource continuous efficiency utilization of China's facility agricultural soil day by day.Along with the increase of protected crop Cultivation time, owing to using fertilizer and pesticide and continuous crop in a large number, add that Soil suppressiveness is improper, often cause the change of microbial populations in soil, and the generation of the destruction of soil structure and secondary salinization and nutrient obstruction, cause assessing index, damage by disease and insect takes place frequently, residue of pesticide are excessive, had a strong impact on home environment and agricultural product quality and safety.Vegetables in greenhouse booth Major Diseases has fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt, epidemic disease, powdery mildew, gray mold, damping off, virus disease, root knot nematode disease, downy mildew etc.Primary pest has aphid, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura, beet armyworm, pathogenicity test, Americal rice leaf miner, two spotted spider mite etc.Traditional disinfection methods carries out crop rotation directly utilize solar heat process, and these methods effectively can not kill pathogen in soil and worm's ovum.The green house sterilization method extensively adopted at present is chemical agent sterilization, and soil layer of deep ploughing as applied in canopy by calcium cyanamide sterilization (CN200510012204.8) or use are that the disinfectant of primary raw material carries out fumigation (CN 200410014346.3) with dithiocyano-methane.Although these methods effectively can kill pathogen in soil and worm's ovum, but material toxicity is large, as calcium cyanamide belongs to inorganic Poison, spread effect is had to animal skin and mucous membrane (conjunctiva, the upper respiratory tract), may be dissolved in sweat or Mucosal secretions, can there is erythematous dermatitis in the people of contact calcium cyanamide; Dithiocyano-methane sucks and eats poisonous, has serious excitant, can cause allergic to eyes.These all can cause green house to produce vegetable and fruit chemical agent residue problem seriously, harm food security.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the deficiency overcoming prior art, provide a kind of and kill the environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method that in soil, harmful microorganism and insect, raising green house Disinfection Effect, minimizing chemical agent use.
The inventive method is:
(1) between green house time out, green house is airtight, soil moisture remains on more than 70%;
(2) use 8-15 side's composite bacterial fertilizer for every mu, composite bacterial fertilizer comprises without the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed and useful microbial bacterial agent, and this microbial bacterial agent comprises bacterium 10
10cFU/g, actinomycetes 10
8cFU/g, saccharomycete 10
8cFU/g and mould 10
8cFU/g; The addition of microbial bacterial agent in chicken manure is 500g/ side;
(3) with transparent plastic film, greenhouse floor is all covered; Solar irradiation is utilized to make soil temperature be elevated to more than 50 DEG C, to reach the object killing harmful microorganism and insect in soil; The soil treatment time will reach more than 30 days.
Consider that high temperature treatment also will kill most of profitable strain, after therefore completing by above-mentioned steps process, then use the composite bacterial fertilizer of same amount, to help to set up profitable strain in soil.
Described bacterium comprises bacillus and pseudomonad, and bacillus and pseudomonad mix according to the ratio of volume ratio 7:3 after cultivating respectively.
It is the mulch film of 0.008mm that transparent plastic film adopts the thickness of light transmission and high insulating effect to be the canopy film of 0.1mm or thickness.Soil temperature should adopt laying underground heat pipeline or supplementary light to improve gentle prolongation the in ground and heat the time when not reaching 50 DEG C.Between green house time out usually in annual late May to late August.
The present invention utilizes solar radiation and supplementary physical measure, in conjunction with using suitable animal dung and beneficial microbe, soil temperature is raised to reach the object killing harmful microorganism and insect in soil, improve green house Disinfection Effect, reduce the use of chemical agent, ensure agricultural product quality and safety, promote increasing peasant income growth of agricultural efficiency.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1; In late July, 2014 is carry out following experiment in the greenhouse of strawberry at front stubble:
(1) water permeable rear airtight to greenhouse to soil, soil moisture remains on more than 70%;
(2) be provided with respectively use chicken manure (T in soil
1), composite bacterial fertilizer (chicken manure adds microbial bacterial agent) (T
2), only execute microbial bacterial agent (T
3) three kinds of processing modes, and the blank not carrying out any process is set.Microbial bacterial agent bacterium, actinomycetes, saccharomycete, the large mushroom of mould four mix by weight the ratio of 5:2:1:2, effective active bacterium number total amount>=10 in microbial inoculum
9cfu/g.Wherein bacterium comprises bacillus and pseudomonad, mixes after cultivating respectively according to 7:3 volume ratio.
(3) with transparent plastic film, greenhouse floor is all covered; Utilize solar irradiation to make soil temperature be elevated to more than 50 DEG C, the soil treatment time should reach more than 30 days.
Often kind of processing mode establishes four repetitions.Gather ground temperature (earth's surface 20 cm) and temperature record every day, thermograph adopts essence wound RC-4 moisture recorder.Then the regression coefficient changed with temperature (independent variable) at fair weather ground temperature (dependent variable y) is added up.It the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1. fertilizer treatment and temperature affect greenhouse ground temperature
Ck(control group), T 1(adds chicken manure), T2(bacterium adds chicken manure), T3(bacterium)
| Acquisition time | Room temperature (x) | Ck ground temperature (y 0） | T1 ground temperature (y 1） | T2 ground temperature (y 2） | T3 ground temperature (y 3） |
| 8.1-13.05 | 60 | 48.3 | 49.3 | 52.1 | 49 |
| 8.2-14.05 | 59.4 | 47.6 | 48.3 | 50.9 | 47.4 |
| 8.3-12.35 | 60.06 | 48.3 | 49 | 51.8 | 49 |
| 8.9-13.35 | 57.5 | 43.5 | 44.1 | 47 | 43.5 |
| 8.10-14.35 | 56.5 | 43.5 | 44 | 46.6 | 43.1 |
| 8.11-13.05 | 58.5 | 44 | 44.6 | 47.2 | 44.3 |
| 8.13-12.35 | 50.9 | 37.8 | 38.4 | 39.2 | 38.7 |
| 8.14-13.35 | 59.5 | 44.6 | 44.8 | 48.3 | 46.6 |
| 8.15-14.35 | 58.2 | 46 | 45.8 | 49.2 | 46 |
| Regression equation | y 0=1.07x-17.05 | y 1=1.077x-16.94 | y 2=1.275x-25.8 | y 3=1.079x-17.1 |
In table 1: x is room temperature, y
0-3for ground temperature, standard deviation=1.12; According to above regression equation, if, x=65:y
0=52.5, y
1=53.07, y
2=57.08, y
3=53.04;
x = 70： y
0= 57.85，y
1= 58.45，y
2= 63.42，y
3= 58.4；
x = 75： y
0= 63.2，y
1= 63.84，y
2= 69.8，y
3= 63.8。
These results suggest that, in this experiment when warm indoor temperature reaches 60 DEG C, the contrast soil temperature not adding process can reach about 48 DEG C, and the process ground temperature only adding chicken manure or microbial bacterial agent can reach about 49 DEG C; And the ground temperature using chicken manure and microbial bacterial agent process can reach about 52 DEG C simultaneously.And according to regression equation calculation, if make greenhouse temperature reach 70-75 DEG C, ground temperature can rise to about 63-69 DEG C.This temperature will be enough to kill most phytopathogen and insect and worm's ovum.And chicken manure fast decoupled under beneficial microorganism effect can produce a large amount of ammonias and water soluble ammonium ion, can kill root-knot nematode.
Embodiment 2: the treatment effect that sunning sterilization grows replanted strawberry.
(1) water permeable rear airtight to greenhouse to soil, soil moisture remains on more than 70%; Be plant strawberry in the green house of strawberry at front stubble, kind is red Charlie.
(2) control group and three processed group are set with embodiment 1: control group is untreated soil; Soil and microbial bacterial agent are mixed thoroughly by processed group 1; Chicken manure and microbial bacterial agent are joined mixing in soil and mix thoroughly by processed group 2 jointly; Chicken manure spreads in soil by processed group 3, and mixing is mixed thoroughly.The strawberry survival rate of statistics different disposal and output, plot area is 30m
2, each processed group repeats 4 times.
(3) with transparent plastic film, greenhouse floor is all covered; Utilize solar irradiation to make soil temperature be elevated to more than 50 DEG C, the soil treatment time is more than 30 days.
Table 2. different disposal is on the impact of strawberry survival rate and output
| Average survival (%) | Gross yield (Kg) | Than CK volume increase (%) | |
| CK | 40．1±0.05b | 12.4b | |
| Process 1 | 58.9±0.03a | 26.1a | 110.4 |
| Process 2 | 61.2±0.02a | 28.0a | 125.8 |
| Process 3 | 61.8±0.08a | 27.0a | 117.7 |
After data different letter different represent significant difference between process (
p<0.05).
From output, the planting percent of three processed group and output are all apparently higher than control group, and volume increase is all more than 100%.
More than in experiment, processed group compares with contrast on strawberry planting percent and output that all there were significant differences, illustrates that really effectively alleviate continuous cropping obstacle, the soil-borne disease of strawberry is effectively prevented through processing the soil conditions changing continuous cropping strawberry.Between three kinds of process, difference is remarkable, although singly add chicken manure soil, singly add microbial bacterial agent and both the process that combines on planting percent and Yield of Strawberry, have certain difference, its difference does not reach significance level.
Also can find out from above test, sunning sterilization effect should depend primarily on soil temperature.And temperature, light radiation amount and soil physico-chemical property in soil temperature and greenhouse and biological condition height correlation.Therefore multiple method can be adopted to improve soil temperature, comprising improving the light transmission of greenhouse film and heat insulating ability, raising mulch film light transmission and heat insulating ability, suitably increasing feces of livestock and poultry usage amount, probiotic strain that screening fermentability is strong, burying ground hot line, proper extension light application time underground and increase intensity of illumination in soil, lighting can be set up if desired.
After having processed, then use the composite bacterial fertilizer of same amount, that is: use 8-15 side without the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed in chicken manure, add useful microbial bacterial agent for every mu, this microbial inoculum comprises bacterium 10
10cFU/g, actinomycetes 10
8cFU/g, saccharomycete 10
8cFU/g and mould 10
8the mix bacterium agent of CFU/g tetra-kinds of mushrooms; Addition in chicken manure is 500g/ side.
Claims (6)
1. an environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method, is characterized in that:
(1) between green house time out, green house is airtight, soil moisture remains on more than 70%;
(2) use 8-15 side's composite bacterial fertilizer for every mu, composite bacterial fertilizer comprises without the chicken manure become thoroughly decomposed and useful microbial bacterial agent, and this microbial bacterial agent comprises bacterium 10
10cFU/g, actinomycetes 10
8cFU/g, saccharomycete 10
8cFU/g and mould 10
8cFU/g; The addition of microbial bacterial agent in chicken manure is 500g/ side;
(3) with transparent plastic film, greenhouse floor is all covered; Solar irradiation is utilized to make soil temperature be elevated to more than 50 DEG C, to reach the object killing harmful microorganism and insect in soil; The soil treatment time will reach more than 30 days.
2. environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that transparent plastic film adopts the thickness of light transmission and high insulating effect to be the canopy film of 0.1mm or thickness is the mulch film of 0.008mm.
3. environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that soil temperature should adopt laying underground heat pipeline or supplementary light to improve gentle prolongation the in ground and heat the time when not reaching 50 DEG C.
4. environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, to it is characterized in that between green house time out usually in annual late May to late August.
5. environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that the composite bacterial fertilizer using same amount after processing is completed again, to help to set up profitable strain in soil.
6. environment-friendly type greenhouse disinfection method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described bacterium comprises bacillus and pseudomonad, bacillus and pseudomonad mix according to the ratio of volume ratio 7:3 after cultivating respectively.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069057A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 徐华龙 | A kind of Litsea mollifolia cutting seedling mating system |
| CN106879404A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-23 | 漳州市金銮园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse Chinese rose mite pest prevents and treats new method |
| CN109566205A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-05 | 云南祥云圣龙农业庄园有限公司 | A kind of efficient insect prevention fungi-proofing method being suitable for vegetables and fruits seedling growth greenhouse |
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| CN1732773A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-02-15 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of soil disinfection method of facility for prevention and control soil-borne diseases of vegetable |
| CN101954100A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-26 | 西北农林科技大学 | Greenhouse vegetable soil sunlight disinfection method |
| CN102613165A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Soil disinfection method for soil-borne diseases of greenhouse vegetables |
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2015
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN1732773A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-02-15 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of soil disinfection method of facility for prevention and control soil-borne diseases of vegetable |
| CN101954100A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-26 | 西北农林科技大学 | Greenhouse vegetable soil sunlight disinfection method |
| CN102613165A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Soil disinfection method for soil-borne diseases of greenhouse vegetables |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069057A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 徐华龙 | A kind of Litsea mollifolia cutting seedling mating system |
| CN106879404A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-23 | 漳州市金銮园艺有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse Chinese rose mite pest prevents and treats new method |
| CN109566205A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-05 | 云南祥云圣龙农业庄园有限公司 | A kind of efficient insect prevention fungi-proofing method being suitable for vegetables and fruits seedling growth greenhouse |
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