CN104926440B - It is a kind of suitable for seedling raising ground substance of transplanting rice and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
It is a kind of suitable for seedling raising ground substance of transplanting rice and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104926440B CN104926440B CN201510289216.9A CN201510289216A CN104926440B CN 104926440 B CN104926440 B CN 104926440B CN 201510289216 A CN201510289216 A CN 201510289216A CN 104926440 B CN104926440 B CN 104926440B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of suitable for seedling raising ground substance of transplanting rice and preparation method thereof, using the byproduct wheat bran of wheat processing flour as primary raw material, add vinasse, carry out banking up fermentation maturity using high temperature decomposing agent and handle 15 20 days, mix wormcast, vermiculite, sodium metasilicate after drying and crushing in proportion again and be configured to compound rice seedling raising ground substance.Preparation method of the present invention is simple, component aboundresources, the matrix unit weight prepared is light, ventilation water retention property is coordinated good, nutrient and enriched, it is not required to apply fertilizer during whole seedling, operation saves labor, and institute's seedling raising emergence is neat, leaf color is dark green, root activity is high, and seedling-slowing stage is short, can be widely applied to rice industrial sprout cultivation technical field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cereal crops production technical field, more particularly to a kind of seedling raising ground substance suitable for transplanting rice
And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Rice mechanization transplanting is the main direction of development of rice high efficient cultivation technique, and improves Rice Production efficiency
Important means, but because rice mechanization transplants the requirement height for rice shoot, seedling cultivation that is high-quality and meeting the machine transplanting of rice is difficult,
One of principal element for influenceing rice mechanization transplanting is turned into.The key for cultivating high-quality rice shoot is seedling raising ground substance, conventional
Soil (Nutrition Soil) seedling due to there is the labor intensity that fetches earth is big, causing the destruction of plough horizon and the loss of nutrient,
Rice shoot carries a series of problems, such as intensity is big, the seedling block chance water capacity is fugitive again simultaneously, has been difficult to the requirement for meeting industrial sprout cultivation.
At present seedling raising ground substance, research matrix and Seedling Quality in Rice, production are used as in production by the use of materials such as stalk, bacteria residue, rice husks
The report of the relation of amount, and the research and patent prepared on light-duty seedling raising ground substance are less, and be main using wheat bran organic substrate
The patent that principle is configured to the method for seedling raising ground substance has no announcement.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the first object of the present invention is that providing one kind is applied to machine
The seedling raising ground substance of rice transplanting rice.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the seedling raising ground substance suitable for transplanting rice.
Technical scheme：In order to solve above-mentioned first purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind is applied to the machine transplanting of rice
The seedling raising ground substance of seedling rice, it is prepared by base matrix and other additives, wherein base matrix includes by volume：Wheat bran
50%-60%, vinasse 10%-15%, wormcast 10%-30%, vermiculite 10%-20%, it is decomposed that other additives include high temperature
Agent, micro- silicon and dwarfing agent, the addition of high temperature decomposing agent is every cubic metre of base matrix 0.25kg；Micro- silicon
Addition be every cubic metre of base matrix 7kg；The 0.2%-0.3% of matrix weight based on the addition of dwarfing agent.
Further, the wheat bran is wheat processing milling by products, is sheet or powdery.
In some embodiments, the volume ratio of the wheat bran and vinasse is 5:1.
In some embodiments, the high temperature decomposing agent is 30%-35% by mass percent ratio:65%-75%
Saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria composition.
Further, the content of the high temperature decomposing agent effective active bacterium is 1011-1012cfu/mL。
In some embodiments, the micro- silicon is with Na2SiO3·9H2O form addition.
Further, the dwarfing agent is 1000 times of liquid of paclobutrazol.
In order to solve the second above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind is applied to machine and wipes seedling rice
Seedling raising ground substance preparation method, in comprising the following steps：
(1) the desired amount of wheat bran is well mixed with vinasse；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is stirred, uniform spray water while stirring, makes mixture aqueous
Amount reaches 50%-60%, stacking, adds the desired amount of high temperature decomposing agent, seals normal temperature anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time 15-
20d；
(3) mixture for completing step (2) fermentation heat at 80 DEG C dries ground into end after 2h；
(4) crushed to step (3) in obtained powder materials and add the desired amount of wormcast and vermiculite, be well mixed and preserve
It is standby；
(5) in rice seedling raising ground substance in use, take the standby mixture of step (4), the desired amount of micro- silicon is added
And dwarfing agent, stir, you can the rice seedling raising ground substance is made.
Take into full account that rice seedling is a series of to the unit weight of seedling raising ground substance, porosity, nutrient demand, acid or alkali environment etc. to want
Ask, in some embodiments, the unit weight of the above-mentioned rice seedling raising ground substance being prepared is 0.2-0.35g/cm3, total porosity
For 60-65%, water content≤55%, content of organic matter >=50%, pH 5.5-6.
To ensure that the effect of matrix can obtain the performance of maximum, in some embodiments, the crushing in above-mentioned steps (3)
Size is 40-60 mesh.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
(1) primary raw material aboundresources, cost are low：As the wheat bran of seedling raising ground substance main component, China's annual output exists
12000000 more than t, the dispensing schlempe of assisted fermentation, China's annual production in 10,000,000 more than t, the wherein t of extra dry white wine vinasse more than 400 ten thousand with
On, the t of dry beer vinasse yield more than 600 ten thousand, available resources very abundant, materials price is also very cheap；Matrix greatly reduces
Preparation cost.
(2) turn waste into wealth, seedling raising ground substance is nutritious：Wheat bran is directly used in feed work as the product after wheat deep processing
Industry, seldom recycle, economic value is not high, but nutrient content enriches, containing abundant protein, fat, oligosaccharide, phytic acid,
The nutrients such as amino acid, vinasse contain substantial amounts of protein, fat, dimension life as the tunning that vinasse are that steaming wine leaves later
Element, organic acid, amino acid, nucleic acid and various trace elements, nutrition are relatively abundanter.
The present invention by the use of wheat bran as primary raw material, be to the organic waste based on wheat bran at utmost, it is most thorough
Recycling, not only solve the problem of environmental pollution of wheat bran, vinasse, turn waste into wealth, also create economic benefit and society
Meeting benefit, there is extensive market prospects.
(3) prepared by matrix simplifies, and unit weight is lighter, is easy to industrialized development：Because matrix unit weight is lighter, it is readily transported, it is right
Rice transplanting mechanical load is small, thus mechanical wear is light, plants that speed is fast, and rice field is short of seedling, and rate is low, and preparation method of the invention simplifies
Traditional preparation method step, the nursery steps such as fertilising are reduced, reduce cost, be easy to batch production specialization seedling, promote water
The industrialized development of rice transplanting, accelerate ecological villages and small towns and new countryside construction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention and influence schematic diagram of the conventional fertilizers control group to rice shoot root/shoot ratio；
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention and influence schematic diagram of the conventional fertilizers control group to rice shoot seedling vigorous index.
Embodiment
The present invention is elaborated with reference to embodiment.
1) experimental condition
Jiangsu agriculture and forestry science and technology Demonstration Garden in Jurong City of Jiangsu Province Chen Wu towns in 2013 is carried out, and is transported for examination rice varieties to be military
Round-grained rice No. 24, mass of 1000 kernel 25.48g, germination percentage 87.9%.Using plastics seedling-cultivation plate, the long 58cm of disk, width 28cm, height 3cm.
2) test raw material prepares
The raw material sources of the embodiment of the present invention：Wheat bran (commercially available), vermiculite (commercially available), wormcast (commercially available)；Wherein embodiment
1-3 base matrix is matched accordingly using table 1, and wherein the volume ratio of wheat bran and vinasse is 5:1, other additive high temperature are decomposed
Agent is 33% by mass percent ratio:70% saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria composition, the content of effective active bacterium is 1011-
1012Cfu/mL, addition are every cubic metre of base matrix 0.25kg, Na2SiO3·9H2O addition is every cubic metre of basic base
Matter 7kg；The 0.25% of matrix weight based on the addition of 1000 times of liquid of paclobutrazol.Control group is Jiangsu Huaian rice and fuel river matrix
The matrix (commercially available matrix) that fertilizer Co., Ltd develops.
Table 1：Embodiment 1-3 matches with control group base matrix
Prepare raw material according to table 1, follow the steps below a kind of seedling bases suitable for transplanting rice of embodiment 1-3
The preparation of matter：
(1) the desired amount of wheat bran is well mixed with vinasse；
(2) mixture that step (1) obtains is stirred, uniform spray water while stirring, makes mixture aqueous
Amount reaches 55%, stacking, adds the desired amount of high temperature decomposing agent, seals normal temperature anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time 18d；
(3) mixture for completing step (2) fermentation heat at 80 DEG C dries ground into end, specially 50 mesh after 2h；
(4) crushed to step (3) in obtained powder materials and add the desired amount of wormcast and vermiculite, be well mixed and preserve
It is standby；
(5) in rice seedling raising ground substance in use, take the standby mixture of step (4), the desired amount of micro- silicon is added
And dwarfing agent, stir, you can the rice seedling raising ground substance is made.
The unit weight for the rice seedling raising ground substance being wherein prepared is 0.2-0.35g/cm3, total porosity 60-65%, contain
Water≤55%, content of organic matter >=50%, pH 5.5-6.
3) test method
3.1 seed treatment：From the military fortune round-grained rice 24 got ready, basked seeds before seed soaking 1-2 days；With salt (proportion 1.08-
1.12) choose seeds, eluriated totally with clear water, add 25% to be soaked seed 48 hours with Prochloraz paddy rice seed soaking agent, vernalization 24 hours, break chest dew
In vain, often disk broadcasts bud paddy 180g.
3.2 sowings and management
After planting, with reference to water spray with 1000 times it is vertical it is withered it is net carry out matrix sterilization, then with the matrix covering mixed thoroughly, not reveal seed
It is advisable.Tile seedling disk in seedling frame in seedling greenhouse, every horizontally-arranged two row of frame, tiles, closely comes into line successively.Rice shoot is from 1 leaf 1
The heart to the heart of 2 leaf 1 is the emphasis of management, observes the change of rice shoot daily, such as finds rice shoot without guttation or the timely moisturizing of leaf roll phenomenon.
3.3 measure projects and method
Seedling quality：16 days after broadcasting, representative plant 10 plants of measure heights of seedling (being measured with ruler), Ye Tinggao are taken (to use ruler
Measurement), radical (artificial counting), leaf area (LI-3000A type leaf areas Instrument measuring), chlorophyll content be (with reference to Li Hesheng
Method), root activity (TTC methods)；Stem foot is wide (, measure 3 time wide with 50 plants of stem foots of vernier caliper measurement, to ask every plant averagely
Number)；Often disk takes representative 100 plants of rice shoot again in addition, is divided into 2 groups, rinses well, respectively separates overground part and underground part,
Plant is placed at 105 DEG C of temperature controllable air dry oven the 30min that finishes, then dried to constant weight at 80 DEG C, respectively by overground part and
Dry matter weight of hypogeal parts is weighed.
4) data processing
Routine data processing and mapping are carried out in Excel2010, and variance analysis is carried out in SPSS20.0.
Influence of the Different Raising Seedling substrate composition of table 2 to rice seedling plugged in by machine quality
Note：Significant difference (P between same column difference lowercase numerical value in table<0.05)
5) interpretation of result：
5.1 different substrates are with the influence for comparing rice shoot aerial part
From table 2 it can be seen that embodiment 1-3 processing is in height of seedling, Ye Tingchang, stem foot are wide, leaf area, ground dry weight, Ye Lv
The indexs such as cellulose content, chlorophyll a/b are superior to control treatment；Wherein height of seedling, the Ye Tingchang significant difference between processing, other indexs
Difference is not notable between processing.
Specifically, height of seedling, Ye Tingchang, stem foot are wide, the sequence of leaf area, ground dry weight index is control group<Embodiment 3<
Embodiment 1<Embodiment 2；The index of chlorophyll a/b is ordered as embodiment 2<Embodiment 1<Embodiment 3<Control group；Embodiment 1-3
And height of seedling, Ye Tingchang, the stem foot of control group processing are wide respectively between 12-14cm, 5-6cm, 0.4-0.6cm, meet strong seedling
Standard, can meet the requirement of the mechanization transplanting of rice；In addition, different disposal institute seedling raising chlorophyll content is without obvious poor
It is different, but embodiment 1-3 handles educated rice shoot chlorophyll a/b and is less than control group, specifically, chlorophyll b proportion is higher, leaf
Piece can absorb the blue violet light in diffused light, and so as to strengthen photosynthetic capacity, above-mentioned data show that embodiment 1-3 handles educated seedling
Seedling is suitable for different photoenvironments than CK.
To sum up, in embodiment 1-3, the seedling raising indices performance of the processing of embodiment 2 institute is optimal, wherein height of seedling, Ye Ting
Length, stem foot are wide, notable with other processing differences in ground dry weight, chlorophyll a/b index；Comprehensive analysis, the rice shoot of each processing
Aerial part performance embodiment 2 is optimal, is followed successively by embodiment 1, embodiment 3, control group.
5.2 different substrates are with the influence for comparing rice shoot root system
The quality of root system is Seedling Quality in Rice and its important index, from table 2 it can be seen that embodiment 1-3 handles institute
The underground dry weight for the rice shoot educated, root/shoot ratio, root activity dramatically increase than control group, significant difference between each embodiment；No
It is followed successively by with the underground dry weight between processing, root/shoot ratio, root activity order：Control group<Embodiment 3<Embodiment 1<Embodiment
2nd, control group<Embodiment 1<Embodiment 2<Embodiment 3, control group<Embodiment 3<Embodiment 1<Embodiment 2, specific embodiment 1-3
It can intuitively be shown from Fig. 1 with the root/shoot ratio index of control group, can to sum up be drawn, embodiment 1-3 processing institute seedling raising
Root system fundamental property is considerably better than control group institute seedling raising.
Influence of the 3.3 different ratio composite interstitial substances to rice shoot seedling vigorous index
Seedling vigorous index is one of important indicator for evaluating seedling quality.Seedling vigorous index=(stem is thick/plant height+root dry weight/ground
Portion's dry weight) X complete stool dry weights.As seen from Figure 2, the seedling vigorous index that embodiment 2 is handled is maximum, is secondly embodiment 1 and implementation
Example 3, they are respectively than control group increase by 16.2%, 8.6%, 4.6%, it can be seen that, the seedling vigorous index of embodiment 1-3 processing is bright
Aobvious to be higher than control group, rice shoot is healthy and strong.
It can be drawn from above-mentioned data, the present invention is a kind of should suitable for seedling raising ground substance of transplanting rice and preparation method thereof
In being tested for raising rice seedlings, the Seedling Quality in Rice for the more commercially available matrix cultivation of Seedling Quality in Rice cultivated is preferable, growth
Stalwartness, and preparation method of the present invention is simple, component aboundresources, the matrix unit weight prepared is light, ventilation water retention property coordination is good
Good, nutrient enriches, and is not required to apply fertilizer during whole seedling, and operation saves labor, and institute's seedling raising emergence is neat, and leaf color is dark green, root system
Vigor is high, and seedling-slowing stage is short, can be widely applied to rice industrial sprout cultivation technical field.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of seedling raising ground substance suitable for transplanting rice, it is characterised in that by base matrix and the preparation of other additives
Into wherein base matrix includes by volume：Wheat bran 50%-60%, vinasse 10%-15%, wormcast 10%-30%, vermiculite 10%-
20%, other additives include high temperature decomposing agent, micro- silicon and dwarfing agent, and the addition of high temperature decomposing agent is every cube
Rice base matrix 0.25kg, the addition of micro- silicon is every cubic metre of base matrix 7kg；Based on the addition of dwarfing agent
The 0.2%-0.3% of matrix weight；The volume ratio of the wheat bran and vinasse is 5:1；The high temperature decomposing agent is by mass percent ratio
Example is 30%-35%:65%-75% saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria composition；The content of the high temperature decomposing agent effective active bacterium is 1011-
1012 cfu/mL；The micro- silicon is with Na2SiO3·9H2O form addition；The dwarfing agent is 1000 times of liquid of paclobutrazol.
2. it is applied to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The wheat bran is small Meccah
Work milling by products, it is sheet or powdery.
A kind of 3. preparation method of seedling raising ground substance suitable for transplanting rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
（1）The desired amount of wheat bran is well mixed with vinasse；
（2）By step（1）Obtained mixture is stirred, and uniform spray water while stirring, reaches mixture water content
To 50%-60%, stacking, the desired amount of high temperature decomposing agent is added, seal normal temperature anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time 15-20d；
（3）By step（2）The mixture completed heat at 80 DEG C of fermenting dries ground into end after 2h；
（4）To step（3）Crush in obtained powder materials and add the desired amount of wormcast and vermiculite, it is standby to be well mixed preservation
With；
（5）In rice seedling raising ground substance in use, taking step（4）Standby mixture, add the desired amount of micro- silicon and short
Agent, stir, you can the rice seedling raising ground substance is made.
4. it is applied to the preparation method of the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting rice according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The system
The unit weight of the standby rice seedling raising ground substance formed is 0.2-0.35g/cm3, total porosity 60-65%, water content≤55%, organic matter
Content >=50%, pH 5.5-6.
5. it is applied to the preparation method of the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting rice according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly（3）In crushing size be 40-60 mesh.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105766504A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-20 | 柳培健 | Rice seedling cultivation method |
| CN106083288A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-11-09 | 史仕军 | A kind of transplanting special seedbed fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111820104A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | Rice seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof, organic acid soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN112753533A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-05-07 | 安徽农业大学 | Growth-promoting stress-resistant rice seedling raising base matrix, seedling raising matrix, preparation method of seedling raising matrix and seedling raising method |
| CN112997843A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-22 | 安徽绿福环保科技有限公司 | Special substrate for rice seedling raising and preparation method thereof |
| CN113261484A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-17 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Seedling raising substrate capable of reducing cadmium enrichment capacity of crops, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114190255A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 | Rice rapid seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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