CN104926440A - Rice seedling culturing matrix applicable to machine-transplanted-seedling paddy rice and preparation method of rice seedling culturing matrix - Google Patents

Rice seedling culturing matrix applicable to machine-transplanted-seedling paddy rice and preparation method of rice seedling culturing matrix Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104926440A
CN104926440A CN201510289216.9A CN201510289216A CN104926440A CN 104926440 A CN104926440 A CN 104926440A CN 201510289216 A CN201510289216 A CN 201510289216A CN 104926440 A CN104926440 A CN 104926440A
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rice
seedling raising
applicable
ground substance
paddy rice
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CN104926440B (en
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雷武生
杨宝林
戴金平
陈啸寅
蔡善亚
胡德龙
刘进华
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Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
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Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention discloses a rice seedling culturing matrix applicable to machine-transplanted-seedling paddy rice and a preparation method of the rice seedling culturing matrix. A secondary product wheat bran generated when wheat is used for milling flour is used as a main raw material; vinasse is added into the secondary product wheat bran; the stacking fermentation decomposition treatment is carried out for 15 to 20 days by adopting a high-temperature decomposition agent; an obtained product is dried and pulverized; afterwards, the dried and pulverized product is mixed with a worm cast, a vermiculite and a sodium silicate in proportion to prepare a composite rice seedling culturing matrix for the paddy rice. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple; components are rich in resources; the prepared matrix is light in volume weight, favorable in ventilation and water-retention performance coordination, and abundant in nutrients; the application of a fertilizer is not needed during a whole rice seedling culturing period; the operation is labor-saving and effort-saving; the cultured rice seedlings are tidily emerged, and are invisible green in leaf color, high in root vigor, and short in rejuvenation period, and can be widely applied to the technical field of factory-like rice seedling culture of the paddy rice.

Description

A kind ofly be applicable to seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to food crop production technical field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method being applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice.
Background technology
Rice mechanization transplanting is the main development direction of rice high efficient cultivation technique, also be the important means improving Rice Production efficiency, but because rice mechanization is transplanted high for the requirement of rice shoot, high-quality and to meet the seedling cultivation of the machine transplanting of rice difficult, become one of principal element affect rice mechanization transplanting.The key of cultivating high-quality rice shoot is seedling raising ground substance, conventional earth (Nutrition Soil) seedling is large owing to there is the labour intensity that fetches earth, cause the destruction of plough horizon and the loss of nutrient, rice shoot heavily carries the series of problems such as intensity is large, the seedling block chance water capacity is fugitive simultaneously, has been difficult to the requirement meeting industrial sprout cultivation.Current production has utilizes the materials such as stalk, bacterium slag, rice husk as seedling raising ground substance, the report of relation of research matrix and Seedling Quality in Rice, output, and the research of preparing about light-duty seedling raising ground substance and patent less, and have no announcement with the patent that wheat bran organic substrate is mixed with the method for seedling raising ground substance for cardinal principle.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of seedling raising ground substance being applicable to transplanting paddy rice.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method being applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice.
Technical scheme: in order to solve above-mentioned first object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of seedling raising ground substance being applicable to transplanting paddy rice, be prepared from by base matrix and other additives, wherein base matrix comprises by volume: wheat bran 50%-60%, vinasse 10%-15%, wormcast 10%-30%, vermiculite 10%-20%, other additives comprise high temperature decomposing agent, micro-silicon and dwarfing agent, and the addition of high temperature decomposing agent is every cubic metre of base matrix 0.25kg; The addition of trace element silicon is every cubic metre of base matrix 7kg; The 0.2%-0.3% of matrix weight based on the addition of dwarfing agent.
Further, described wheat bran is wheat processing milling by products, is sheet or powdery.
In some embodiments, the volume ratio of described wheat bran and vinasse is 5:1.
In some embodiments, described high temperature decomposing agent is that the yeast of 30%-35%:65%-75% and milk-acid bacteria form by mass percent ratio.
Further, the content of described high temperature decomposing agent effective active bacterium is 10 11-10 12cfu/mL.
In some embodiments, described micro-silicon is with Na 2siO 39H 2the form of O is added.
Further, described dwarfing agent is paclobutrazol 1000 times of liquid.
In order to solve the second above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of preparation method being applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of machine wiping seedling paddy rice, in comprising the following steps:
(1) wheat bran of aequum is mixed with vinasse;
(2) stirred by the mixture that step (1) obtains, even spray water while stirring, makes mixture water content reach 50%-60%, stacking, add the high temperature decomposing agent of aequum, sealing normal temperature anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time is 15-20d;
(3) mixture step (2) fermented heat at 80 DEG C is ground into end after drying 2h;
(4) pulverize the wormcast and the vermiculite that add aequum in the powder materials obtained to step (3), mix and save backup;
(5) when rice seedling raising ground substance uses, get the mixture that step (4) is for subsequent use, add micro-silicon and the dwarfing agent of aequum, stir, namely can be made into described rice seedling raising ground substance.
Take into full account a series of requirement such as unit weight, porosity, nutrient demand, acid or alkali environment of rice seedling to seedling raising ground substance, in some embodiments, the unit weight of the above-mentioned rice seedling raising ground substance be prepared from is 0.2-0.35g/cm 3, total porosity is 60-65%, water content≤55%, organic content>=50%, and pH is 5.5-6.
For ensureing that the effect of matrix can obtain maximum performance, in some embodiments, the pulverizing in above-mentioned steps (3) is of a size of 40-60 order.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) main raw material aboundresources, cost is low: as the wheat bran of seedling raising ground substance main component, China's annual output is at 1,200 ten thousand more than t, the batching schlempe of assisted fermentation, China's annual production at 1,000 ten thousand more than t, wherein extra dry white wine vinasse more than 400 ten thousand more than t, dry beer vinasse output more than 600 ten thousand t, available resources are very abundant, and materials price is also very cheap; Greatly reduce the preparation cost of matrix.
(2) turn waste into wealth, seedling raising ground substance is nutritious: wheat bran is directly used in fodder industry as the product after wheat deep processing, little recycling, economic worth is not high, but nutrient content enriches, containing nutrients such as rich in protein, fat, oligose, phytic acid, amino acid, vinasse are steam the tunning stayed after wine as vinasse, containing a large amount of protein, fat, VITAMIN, organic acid, amino acid, nucleic acid and various trace elements, nutrition is abundanter.
The present invention utilizes wheat bran as main raw material, be to the organic waste based on wheat bran at utmost, recycling the most thoroughly, not only solve the problem of environmental pollution of wheat bran, vinasse, turn waste into wealth, also create economic benefit and social benefit, have market outlook widely.
(3) matrix composition simplifies, and unit weight is comparatively light, is easy to industrialized development: because matrix unit weight is lighter, be convenient to transport, little to rice transplanting mechanical load, thus mechanical wear is light, speed of planting is fast, rice field rate of being short of seedling is low, and preparation method of the present invention simplifies traditional preparation method's step, reduces step such as nursery such as fertilising grade, reduce cost, be convenient to the specialized seedling of batch production, promote the industrialized development of rice planting technology, accelerate ecological villages and small towns and new countryside construction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the embodiment of the present invention and conventional fertilizers control group affect schematic diagram to rice shoot root/shoot ratio;
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention and conventional fertilizers control group affect schematic diagram to rice shoot seedling vigorous index.
Embodiment
The present invention is elaborated below in conjunction with embodiment.
1) test conditions
Within 2013, the Jiangsu agriculture and forestry science and technology Demonstration Garden in Chen Wu town, Jurong City of Jiangsu Province carries out, and is military fortune No. 24, round-grained rice for examination rice varieties, thousand seed weight 25.48g, percentage of germination 87.9%.Adopt plastics seedling-cultivation plate, coil long 58cm, width 28cm, height 3cm.
2) test raw material prepares
The raw material sources of the embodiment of the present invention: wheat bran (commercially available), vermiculite (commercially available), wormcast (commercially available); Wherein the base matrix of embodiment 1-3 adopts the corresponding proportioning of table 1, and wherein the volume ratio of wheat bran and vinasse is 5:1, and other additive high temperature decomposing agents are that the yeast of 33%:70% and milk-acid bacteria form by mass percent ratio, and the content of effective active bacterium is 10 11-10 12cfu/mL, addition is every cubic metre of base matrix 0.25kg, Na 2siO 39H 2the addition of O is every cubic metre of base matrix 7kg; Based on the addition of paclobutrazol 1000 times of liquid matrix weight 0.25%.Control group is the matrix (commercially available matrix) of rice and fuel river, Huaian, Jiangsu matrix fertilizer company limited development.
Table 1: embodiment 1-3 and control group base matrix proportioning
Prepare raw material according to table 1, carry out according to following steps the preparation that embodiment 1-3 mono-kind is applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice:
(1) wheat bran of aequum is mixed with vinasse;
(2) stirred by the mixture that step (1) obtains, even spray water while stirring, makes mixture water content reach 55%, stacking, adds the high temperature decomposing agent of aequum, sealing normal temperature anaerobic fermentation, and fermentation time is 18d;
(3) mixture step (2) fermented heat at 80 DEG C is ground into end after drying 2h, is specially 50 orders;
(4) pulverize the wormcast and the vermiculite that add aequum in the powder materials obtained to step (3), mix and save backup;
(5) when rice seedling raising ground substance uses, get the mixture that step (4) is for subsequent use, add micro-silicon and the dwarfing agent of aequum, stir, namely can be made into described rice seedling raising ground substance.
The unit weight of the rice seedling raising ground substance be wherein prepared from is 0.2-0.35g/cm 3, total porosity is 60-65%, water content≤55%, organic content>=50%, and pH is 5.5-6.
3) test method
3.1 seed treatment: select force fortune No. 24, the round-grained rice got ready, bask seeds before seed soaking 1-2 days; With salt (proportion is 1.08-1.12) seed selection, eluriate clean with clear water, add 25% and soak seed 48 hours with prochloraz paddy rice seed soaking agent, vernalization 24 hours, broken chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and often bud paddy 180g broadcast by dish.
3.2 sowings and management
After planting, vertical witheredly only carry out matrix sterilization in conjunction with water spray with 1000 times, then with the matrix covering of mixing thoroughly, be advisable not reveal seed.Seedling frame in seedling greenhouse tiles seedling dish, and horizontally-arranged two row of every frame, tile successively, closely come into line.Rice shoot is the emphasis of management from 1 leaf 1 heart to 2 leaf 1 heart, observes the change of rice shoot every day, and as found, rice shoot is without guttation or the timely moisturizing of leaf roll phenomenon.
3.3 measure project and method
Seedling quality: broadcast latter 16 days, get representative plant 10 strain measure height of seedling (measuring with ruler), Ye Tinggao (measuring with ruler), radical (artificial counting), leaf area (LI-3000A type leaf area Instrument measuring), chlorophyll content (with reference to the method for Li Hesheng), improving activity of root system (TTC method); Stem foot wide (wide with vernier caliper measurement 50 strain stem foot, to measure 3 times, ask every strain mean number); Often coil in addition and get the strain of representative rice shoot 100 again, be divided into 2 groups, rinse well, respectively overground part and underground part are separated, complete at plant being placed in temp. controllable air dry oven 105 DEG C 30min, then dry to constant weight at 80 DEG C, overground part and dry matter weight of hypogeal parts weighed respectively.
4) data processing
Routine data process and mapping are carried out in Excel2010, and variance analysis is carried out in SPSS20.0.
Table 2 Different Raising Seedling substrate composition is on the impact of rice seedling plugged in by machine quality
Note: significant difference (P<0.05) between same column different lowercase numerical value in table
5) interpretation of result:
5.1 different substrates proportionings are on the impact of rice shoot over-ground part
As can be seen from Table 2, the index such as embodiment 1-3 process, leaf area, on the ground dry weight, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b wide at height of seedling, Ye Tingchang, stem foot is all better than control treatment; Wherein height of seedling, Ye Tingchang significant difference between process, between other index process, difference is not remarkable.
Concrete, height of seedling, Ye Tingchang, stem foot are wide, leaf area, on the ground dry weight index sort and be control group < embodiment 3< embodiment 1< embodiment 2; The index sequence of chlorophyll a/b is embodiment 2< embodiment 1< embodiment 3< control group; The height of seedling of embodiment 1-3 and control group process, Ye Tingchang, stem foot are wide respectively between 12-14cm, 5-6cm, 0.4-0.6cm, all meet the standard of strong seedling, all can meet the requirement of the mechanization transplanting of paddy rice; In addition, different treatment institute seedling raising chlorophyll content no significant difference, but the rice shoot chlorophyll a/b that embodiment 1-3 process is educated is lower than control group, be specially, chlorophyll b proportion is higher, blade can absorb the royal purple light in diffused light, thus strengthens photosynthetic capacity, and the rice shoot that above-mentioned data presentation embodiment 1-3 process is educated more can adapt to different photoenvironments than CK.
To sum up, in embodiment 1-3, it is optimum that embodiment 2 processes the performance of institute seedling raising indices, wherein height of seedling, Ye Tingchang, stem foot wide, dry weight, chlorophyll a/b index process significant difference with other on the ground; Comprehensive analysis, the rice shoot over-ground part performance embodiment 2 of each process is optimum, is followed successively by embodiment 1, embodiment 3, control group.
5.2 different substrates proportionings are on the impact of rice shoot root system
The quality of root system is Seedling Quality in Rice and important index thereof, as can be seen from Table 2, and all remarkable than the control group increase of the underground dry weight of the rice shoot that embodiment 1-3 process is educated, root/shoot ratio, improving activity of root system, significant difference between each embodiment, underground dry weight between different treatment, root/shoot ratio, improving activity of root system order is followed successively by: control group < embodiment 3< embodiment 1< embodiment 2, control group < embodiment 1< embodiment 2< embodiment 3, control group < embodiment 3< embodiment 1< embodiment 2, the root/shoot ratio index of specific embodiment 1-3 and control group can show intuitively from Fig. 1, to sum up can draw, the root system essential property of embodiment 1-3 process institute seedling raising is significantly better than control group institute seedling raising.
3.3 different ratio composite interstitial substances are on the impact of rice shoot seedling vigorous index
Seedling vigorous index is one of important indicator evaluating seedling quality.Seedling vigorous index=(stem thick/plant height+root dry weight/overground part dry weight) X complete stool dry weight.As seen from Figure 2, the seedling vigorous index that embodiment 2 processes is maximum, is secondly embodiment 1 and embodiment 3, they increase by 16.2%, 8.6%, 4.6% than control group respectively, as can be seen here, the seedling vigorous index of embodiment 1-3 process is apparently higher than control group, and rice shoot is healthy and strong.
Can draw from above-mentioned data, a kind of seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice and preparation method thereof that is applicable to of the present invention is applied in raising rice seedlings test, the Seedling Quality in Rice that the more commercially available matrix of the Seedling Quality in Rice cultivated is cultivated is better, robust growth, and preparation method of the present invention is simple, component aboundresources, the matrix unit weight prepared is light, ventilation water retention property is coordinated good, nutrient enriches, fertilising is not needed during whole seedling, operation saves labor, institute's seedling raising is emerged neatly, leaf look dark green, improving activity of root system is high, seedling-slowing stage is short, rice industrial sprout cultivation technical field can be widely used in.

Claims (10)

1. one kind is applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice, it is characterized in that being prepared from by base matrix and other additives, wherein base matrix comprises by volume: wheat bran 50%-60%, vinasse 10%-15%, wormcast 10%-30%, vermiculite 10%-20%, other additives comprise high temperature decomposing agent, micro-silicon and dwarfing agent, the addition of high temperature decomposing agent is every cubic metre of base matrix 0.25kg, and the addition of micro-silicon is every cubic metre of base matrix 7kg; The 0.2%-0.3% of matrix weight based on the addition of dwarfing agent.
2. being applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described wheat bran is wheat processing milling by products, is sheet or powdery.
3. be applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the volume ratio of described wheat bran and vinasse is 5:1.
4. be applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high temperature decomposing agent is that the yeast of 30%-35%:65%-75% and milk-acid bacteria form by mass percent ratio.
5. be applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the content of described high temperature decomposing agent effective active bacterium is 10 11-10 12cfu/mL.
6. be applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described micro-silicon is with Na 2siO 39H 2the form of O is added.
7. be applicable to the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dwarfing agent is paclobutrazol 1000 times of liquid.
8. be a kind ofly as claimed in claim 1 applicable to the preparation method that the seedling raising ground substance of seedling paddy rice wiped by machine, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) wheat bran of aequum is mixed with vinasse;
(2) stirred by the mixture that step (1) obtains, even spray water while stirring, makes mixture water content reach 50%-60%, stacking, add the high temperature decomposing agent of aequum, sealing normal temperature anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time is 15-20d;
(3) mixture step (2) fermented heat at 80 DEG C is ground into end after drying 2h;
(4) pulverize the wormcast and the vermiculite that add aequum in the powder materials obtained to step (3), mix and save backup;
(5) when rice seedling raising ground substance uses, get the mixture that step (4) is for subsequent use, add micro-silicon and the dwarfing agent of aequum, stir, namely can be made into described rice seedling raising ground substance.
9. be applicable to the preparation method of the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described in the unit weight of rice seedling raising ground substance that is prepared from be 0.2-0.35g/cm 3, total porosity is 60-65%, water content≤55%, organic content>=50%, and pH is 5.5-6.
10. be applicable to the preparation method of the seedling raising ground substance of transplanting paddy rice according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the pulverizing in described step (3) is of a size of 40-60 order.
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CN106083288A (en) * 2016-06-02 2016-11-09 史仕军 A kind of transplanting special seedbed fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN111820104A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-10-27 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 Rice seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof, organic acid soil and preparation method thereof
CN112753533A (en) * 2021-02-06 2021-05-07 安徽农业大学 Growth-promoting stress-resistant rice seedling raising base matrix, seedling raising matrix, preparation method of seedling raising matrix and seedling raising method
CN112997843A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-22 安徽绿福环保科技有限公司 Special substrate for rice seedling raising and preparation method thereof
CN113261484A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-08-17 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 Seedling raising substrate capable of reducing cadmium enrichment capacity of crops, preparation method and application thereof
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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN106083288A (en) * 2016-06-02 2016-11-09 史仕军 A kind of transplanting special seedbed fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN111820104A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-10-27 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 Rice seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof, organic acid soil and preparation method thereof
CN112753533A (en) * 2021-02-06 2021-05-07 安徽农业大学 Growth-promoting stress-resistant rice seedling raising base matrix, seedling raising matrix, preparation method of seedling raising matrix and seedling raising method
CN112997843A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-22 安徽绿福环保科技有限公司 Special substrate for rice seedling raising and preparation method thereof
CN113261484A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-08-17 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 Seedling raising substrate capable of reducing cadmium enrichment capacity of crops, preparation method and application thereof
CN114190255A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-18 四川省农业科学院作物研究所 Rice rapid seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof

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