CN108566873A - A kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108566873A CN108566873A CN201810605884.1A CN201810605884A CN108566873A CN 108566873 A CN108566873 A CN 108566873A CN 201810605884 A CN201810605884 A CN 201810605884A CN 108566873 A CN108566873 A CN 108566873A
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- soilless culture
- culture matrix
- vegetable soilless
- rapeseed meal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix, which includes the raw material of following parts by weight, 50 82.5 parts of coffee shell, 2.5 15 parts of rapeseed meal, 5 20 parts of turf, 5 15 parts of perlite, 0.001 0.005 parts of plant growth regulator；Fermented complex micro organism fungicide is added in the coffee shell and rapeseed meal after mixing and function microbial inoculum carries out secondary fermentation processing.The vegetable soilless culture matrix of the present invention, preferably coffee shell can be utilized, reduce the pollution of coffee shell waste, simultaneously, this matrix low production cost can effectively facilitate the growth of vegetables, reduce vegetable disease, yield of vegetables is improved, vegetable soilless culture is suitable for or is used as vegetable seedling substrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant growth mediums, and in particular to a kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix and its application.
Background technology
Coffee is one of three big beverages in the world, and in plantation extensively all over the world, 2015, China's coffee cultivated area reached
1800000 mu, the Main By product that coffee bean produces has coffee fresh fruit skin, coffee shell and coffee cherry, and (we unite in this patent
Referred to as coffee shell), annual by-product is up to more than 560,000 tons.Most of coffee by-product is dropped, and is caused to environment larger
It influences.Currently, coffee by-product is mainly used in animal feed, fertilizer, fuel, cellulose plate etc., but coffee by-product exists
Application in terms of these has shortcoming.It, cannot as animal feed additive amount since coffee by-product contains tannin
More than the 20% of Day feeding amount.It is then since it is not easy to crush as fertilizer, product appearance is plain, is not easy to sell.Coffee shell
Lignin, content of cellulose are high, density is low, time that will be for a long time in the decomposed digestion of nature, and composting is easy to grow worm more long afterwards
Fly and bacterium, and have stink, harmful effect is caused to environment, at the same time, coffee bean production process carries out a series of operation
Afterwards, various products mix, and moisture is higher, are not easy to dry, and are not easy to crush, these disadvantages are unfavorable for being widely used in
Fertilizer production.
Therefore, it is a problem for being badly in need of solving how coffee by-product to be carried out more effective recycling.In recent years
Come, with the rise of cultivation technique without soil, substrate culture can effectively solve the problem that bare place soil is unavailable, soil in protected field is sour because of it
Change, secondary salinization and the unbalanced problem of nutrient, and significantly improve the yield of crop, promote quality, reduce soil-borne disease, gram
Continuous cropping obstacle is taken, purification planting environment, expands the advantages that application range and there is vast potential for future development.The present invention will study one
Kind vegetable soilless culture matrix reduces dirt of the coffee by-product to environment to improve vegetable soilless culture yield and quality
Dye.
In the prior art, there is presently no effective ways to solve the above problems.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, present invention aims at a kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix is provided, to improve vegetables without soil
Cultivation yield and quality, while reducing pollution of the coffee shell to environment.The present invention also provides the vegetable soilless culture matrix
Preparation method and application.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix, feature exist
In the matrix contains the raw material of following parts by weight：50-82.5 parts of coffee shell, 2.5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 5-20 parts of turf, perlite
5-15 parts, 0.001-0.005 parts of plant growth regulator；Compoiste fermented micro- life is added in the coffee shell and rapeseed meal after mixing
Object microbial inoculum and function microbial inoculum carry out secondary fermentation processing.
Preferably, which contains the raw material of following parts by weight：55-80 parts of coffee shell, 5-12 parts of rapeseed meal, turf 7-18
Part, 7-12 parts of perlite, 0.002-0.004 parts of plant growth regulator.
It is furthermore preferred that the matrix contains the raw material of following parts by weight：70 parts of coffee shell, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of turf, pearl
10 parts of rock, 0.003 part of plant growth regulator.
Preferably, the fermented complex micro organism fungicide living bacteria count is 10,000,000,000/g of bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum
The usage amount of 3000000000/g, the fermented complex micro organism fungicide are 0.2%.The function microbial inoculum living bacteria count is solution starch bud
1,000,000,000/g of spore bacillus, 2.5 hundred million/g of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 2.5 hundred million/g of Paecilomyces lilacinus, the function microbial inoculum usage amount are 2%.
The plant growth regulator includes Nafusaku, butyric acid potassium, compound sodium nitrophenolate, and ratio by weight is 2: 1:
2。
Further, the coffee shell and rapeseed meal secondary fermentation processing method are：The coffee shell and rapeseed meal are uniformly mixed
Fermented complex micro organism fungicide is added afterwards and carries out fermentation maturity, function microbial inoculum, which is added, into decomposed object after decomposed carries out secondary hair
Ferment obtains secondary fermentation product.
Further, the coffee shell and rapeseed meal secondary fermentation processing method are：The coffee shell and rapeseed meal are after mixing
Moisture is adjusted to 50%-60%, heap is 1.0-1.5 meters high, stack retting 10-20 days；The turning when fermentation heap central temperature is more than 55 DEG C,
Wait for that fermentation heap color turns black, while fermentation heap temperature is down to 40 DEG C hereinafter, terminating to ferment when water content is below 40% to obtain the final product
Then decomposed object function microbial inoculum is added into decomposed object and carries out secondary fermentation, after fermentation 5-10 days, moisture is down to 35% or so
When can stop fermenting, obtain the product after secondary fermentation.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned vegetable soilless culture matrix, special
Sign is：The coffee shell and rapeseed meal are added fermented complex micro organism fungicide and carry out fermentation maturity after mixing, past after decomposed
Function microbial inoculum is added in decomposed object and carries out secondary fermentation；Product after secondary fermentation and turf, perlite, plant growth regulator
After mixing up to soilless culture substrate.
The present invention also provides a kind of application of vegetable soilless culture matrix in vegetable growing.
Strain needed for the present invention can be bought from mechanism, and bacillus subtilis number is ACCC11025, Trichoderma harzianum is numbered
It is ACCC10619 to be numbered for ACCC31307, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Rhodopseudomonas palustris number is ACCC10649, pale purple
Paecilomyces varioti number is ACCC30673.Wherein bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris production method are shown in disclosure
Patent《A kind of legume special microorganism organic fertilizer and its preparation method and application》, patent publication No.：106495841A.Solution
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens method is shown in publication《A kind of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation process in high density and its bacterial preparation process》,
Patent publication No.：106701619A.Paecilomyces lilacinus production method is shown in publication《Prevent root-knot nematode biological organic fertilizer and its
Preparation method and application》, patent publication No.：107619308A.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that：
Coffee shell that the present invention uses, rapeseed meal can provide nutriment and amino acid for vegetable growth, and coffee shell is organic
Matter is more than 90%, N P and K total nutrient and is more than 6%, can provide growing nutrient for soilless culture crop, and at the same time, coffee shell is logical
Permeability is good, and water-absorbing-retaining performance is strong, is conducive to plant growth；The function bacterium of secondary fermentation can generate secondary metabolite, prevent from making
Rotten of object promotes plant growth simultaneously；Plant growth regulator can promote crop to take root, enhance crop absorption nutritional capacity, promote
Into crop yield.Vegetable growing is carried out using the matrix of the present invention, vegetables economical character can be effectively improved, utilize the matrix kind
Plant Brassica rapa L single plant vegetable crop output increased 22.44%, obvious effect of increasing production.The present invention not only reduces coffee shell to environment
Pollution, while producing preferable economic benefit.
Coffee by-product can be carried out recycling by Vegetable culture medium provided by the invention, meanwhile, the work(of addition
Energy bacterium and plant growth regulator have facilitation to the growth of crop, can improve crop yield, reduce disease.
Specific implementation mode
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Without departing substantially from spirit of that invention
In the case of essence, to modifications or substitutions made by the method for the present invention, step or condition, all belong to the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the conventional means that technological means used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art；
Unless otherwise specified, agents useful for same is commercially available in embodiment.
1 vegetable soilless culture matrix 1 of embodiment
70 parts of coffee shell, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of turf, 10 parts of perlite；0.003 part of plant growth regulator.
Coffee shell is with rapeseed meal pile fermentation method：Coffee shell and rapeseed meal adjust moisture to 50%-60% after mixing,
Heap is 1.0-1.5 meters high, stack retting 15 days；The turning when fermentation heap central temperature is more than 55 DEG C, moisturizing so that fermentation heap moisture maintains
50% or more；It operates repeatedly, waits for that fermentation heap color turns black, while fermentation heap temperature is down to 40 DEG C hereinafter, water content exists
Terminate to ferment when 40% or less up to decomposed object, function microbial inoculum is added at this time and carries out secondary fermentation, after 6 days, moisture is down to
It can stop fermenting when 35% or so, obtain product after secondary fermentation.
By product and turf, perlite, the plant growth regulator after secondary fermentation be uniformly mixed according to the above ratio to get
Vegetable soilless culture matrix.
2 vegetable soilless culture matrix 2 of embodiment
50 parts of coffee shell, 15 parts of rapeseed meal, 20 parts of turf, 15 parts of perlite；0.001 part of plant growth regulator；
Coffee shell fermentation process is with embodiment 1, after fermentation by product and turf, perlite, the plant after secondary fermentation
Object growth regulator is uniformly mixed to get vegetable soilless culture matrix according to the above ratio.
3 vegetable soilless culture matrix 3 of embodiment
80 parts of coffee shell, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 7 parts of turf, 8 parts of perlite；0.004 part of plant growth regulator.
Coffee shell fermentation process is with embodiment 1, after fermentation by product and turf, perlite, the plant after secondary fermentation
Object growth regulator is uniformly mixed to get vegetable soilless culture matrix according to the above ratio.
Test example vegetable soilless culture based assays effect
The vegetable soilless culture matrix is verified to vegetable cultivation effect.
1, test material：
Plant：Brassica rapa L.
Testing site:In the greenhouse of Changsha, Hunan Ministry of Agriculture plant nutrient and bio-feritlizer key lab.
2, experimental method
(1) matrix 1- matrix 3 is respectively vegetable soilless culture matrix made from implementation column 1-3.Control group 1 be perlite,
Turf 1:1 matrix mixed
(2) fertilising is carried out by normal production operation, is Huo Gelan nutrient solutions.
(3) (the index measurement time is the Chinese cabbage maturity period to index determining, and control group full growth period is on October 9th, 2017-
On November 13rd, 2017))
According to experimental result as can be seen that experimental group Chinese cabbage growth period is shorter than control group, each economical character is superior to pair
According to group, single plant yield is higher by 17.07%-22.44% than control group.Matrix stimulation effect using the present invention is more notable, energy
Generate preferable economic benefit.
Although above having used general explanation, specific implementation mode and experiment, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vegetable soilless culture matrix, which is characterized in that the matrix contains the raw material of following parts by weight：Coffee shell 50-
82.5 parts, 2.5-15 parts of rapeseed meal, 5-20 parts of turf, 5-15 parts of perlite, 0.001-0.005 parts of plant growth regulator；It is described
Fermented complex micro organism fungicide is added in coffee shell and rapeseed meal after mixing and function microbial inoculum carries out secondary fermentation processing.
2. vegetable soilless culture matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the matrix contains the original of following parts by weight
Material：55-80 parts of coffee shell, 5-12 parts of rapeseed meal, 7-18 parts of turf, 7-12 parts of perlite, plant growth regulator 0.002-0.004
Part.
3. vegetable soilless culture matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the matrix contains the original of following parts by weight
Material：70 parts of coffee shell, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of turf, 10 parts of perlite, 0.003 part of plant growth regulator.
4. according to claim 1-3 any one of them vegetable soilless culture matrix, it is characterised in that：Compoiste fermented micro- life
Object microbial inoculum living bacteria count be 10,000,000,000/g of bacillus subtilis, 3,000,000,000/g of Trichoderma harzianum, the fermented complex micro organism fungicide
Usage amount is 0.2%.
5. according to claim 1-3 any one of them vegetable soilless culture matrix it is characterized in that：The function microbial inoculum is effective
Viable count is 1,000,000,000/g of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 2.5 hundred million/g of Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 2.5 hundred million/g of Paecilomyces lilacinus, the function
Microbial inoculum usage amount is 2%.
6. according to claim 1-3 any one of them vegetable soilless culture matrix, it is characterised in that：The plant growth regulating
Agent includes Nafusaku, butyric acid potassium, compound sodium nitrophenolate, and ratio by weight is 2: 1: 2.
7. according to claim 1-3 any one of them vegetable soilless culture matrix, which is characterized in that the coffee shell and rapeseed meal
Secondary fermentation processing method is：Fermented complex micro organism fungicide is added in the coffee shell and rapeseed meal after mixing to ferment
It is decomposed, function microbial inoculum is added into decomposed object after decomposed and carries out secondary fermentation, obtains secondary fermentation product.
8. vegetable soilless culture matrix according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the coffee shell and rapeseed meal secondary fermentation
Processing method is：The coffee shell and rapeseed meal adjust moisture to 50%-60% after mixing, and heap is 1.0-1.5 meters high, stack retting 10-
20 days；The turning when fermentation heap central temperature is more than 55 DEG C waits for that fermentation heap color turns black, while fermentation heap temperature is down to 40
DEG C hereinafter, terminate to ferment when water content is below 40% up to decomposed object, be then added into decomposed object function microbial inoculum carry out it is secondary
Fermentation can stop fermenting when moisture is down to 35% or so, obtain the product after secondary fermentation after fermentation 5-10 days.
9. a kind of preparation method according to claim 1-8 any one of them vegetable soilless culture matrix, it is characterised in that：Institute
It states coffee shell and rapeseed meal and fermented complex micro organism fungicide progress fermentation maturity is added after mixing, add into decomposed object after decomposed
Enter function microbial inoculum and carries out secondary fermentation；Product and turf, perlite, plant growth regulator after secondary fermentation are after mixing
Up to soilless culture substrate.
10. a kind of method according to claim 1-8 any the vegetable soilless culture matrix or claim 9 is made
Application of the vegetable soilless culture matrix in vegetable growing.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109315265A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of chaetomium globosum biological seedling matrix |
| CN109937845A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-28 | 霍山岳衡茧丝绸有限公司 | A kind of production method improving Dendrobidium huoshanness alkaloid matrix |
| CN111133956A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-12 | 云南德行恒生物科技有限公司 | Coffee shell culture medium for edible fungi |
| CN112273189A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Organic ecotype functional matrix, module and application |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109315265A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of chaetomium globosum biological seedling matrix |
| CN109315265B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-12-04 | 山东农业大学 | Preparation method and application of chaetomium globosum biological seedling culture medium |
| CN109937845A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-28 | 霍山岳衡茧丝绸有限公司 | A kind of production method improving Dendrobidium huoshanness alkaloid matrix |
| CN111133956A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-12 | 云南德行恒生物科技有限公司 | Coffee shell culture medium for edible fungi |
| CN112273189A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Organic ecotype functional matrix, module and application |
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Application publication date: 20180925 |