CN104920506B - A kind of botanical pesticide and its application - Google Patents

A kind of botanical pesticide and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104920506B
CN104920506B CN201510266031.6A CN201510266031A CN104920506B CN 104920506 B CN104920506 B CN 104920506B CN 201510266031 A CN201510266031 A CN 201510266031A CN 104920506 B CN104920506 B CN 104920506B
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China
Prior art keywords
botanical pesticide
raw material
plant
agricultural chemicals
application
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CN201510266031.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104920506A (en
Inventor
梁国强
梁亚楠
钱曙光
廖海峰
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Tangshan Dingchen Food Co ltd
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Jiangsu Lvzhiyun Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

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  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of botanical pesticide and its application, and the agricultural chemicals obtains by the following method:(a)After botanical pesticide raw material is crushed, 3 5h are soaked in light-coloured vinegar, the raw material includes kuh-seng, Chinese prickly ash, capsicum, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, Phytolacca acinosa and bog pondweed;(b)Raw material after immersion is placed at a temperature of 90 100 DEG C and heats 30min, is then cooled to 60 70 DEG C, heats 90min;(c)After the solution left standstill cooling after heating, filtering, that is, obtain botanical pesticide;The botanical pesticide is directly prepared using plant as raw material, and to environment, person poultry harmless, and its raw material is frequently seen plants, abundance, and the effect of desinsection may be up to 90~95%, can be effectively protected crop and not encroached on by insect.

Description

A kind of botanical pesticide and its application
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of biological pesticide, particularly a kind of botanical pesticide and its application.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, the hm of the long-term occurring area of diseases and pests of agronomic crop about 400,000,0002, need to produce and make every year With 800,000 tons of agricultural chemicals, agricultural chemicals turns into indispensable factor in agricultural production, but agricultural chemicals widely uses, although to production Development serves important function, but the resistance problems of such as insect pest, disease also occurs(resistance), dirt to environment Dye and residual and accumulation problem in agricultural and animal products(residue), injure natural enemy, destroy balance of nature, cause insect Rampant problem again(resurgence)Deng, from 1 day January in 2007, completely forbid acephatemet, parathion, parathion-methyl, long Effect 5 kinds of high-toxic organic phosphorus agricultural chemicals such as phosphorus and phosphamidon agriculturally using, especially into 2l centuries since, people are for protection ring Border, the cry of emphasis food security are increasingly surging, and harmless boilogical agricultural chemicals industry and field of biological control research obtain seldom Opportunity to develop.
Compared with traditional chemical agricultural chemicals, the plant source active component of botanical pesticide is easy in the presence of microorganism and sunlight Decompose, residual is low, and environmental pollution is small, especially suitable for veterinary antibiotics and tealeaves etc. by the directly edible crop of the mankind, to making Thing does not also produce poisoning;Its mechanism of action and conventional chemical agricultural chemicals difference are big, and active component is complicated, can act on insect Multiple tracts, be advantageous to overcome pest resistance to insecticide;It does not produce direct lethal effect to pest natural enemy, to non-target life Thing is safer;For most plants insecticide to feeding vertebrate without overt toxicity, preventing and treating spectrum is narrower, has obvious selection Property;Most plants insecticide can stimulate the growth of crop, promote volume increase, and at present, botanical pesticide has turned into pollution-free food and given birth to The preferable agricultural chemicals of production, can be ensured food safety engineering construction from the source that agricultural product produce, and botanical pesticide is widely applied Using, will the strong production for promoting China's non-polluted farm product and pollution-free food, reduce production cost, improve agricultural output and Quality, the competitive power of agricultural products is improved, reduce the dosage of high poison chemical pesticide, preserve the ecological environment, ensure food safety, it is right China's agricultural sustainable development and food security engineering construction have far-reaching social influence.The main exploitation way of botanical pesticide Footpath has two kinds:First, produce botanical pesticide by raw material of pesticide activity resource plant;Second, new agricultural chemicals is found from plant Active lead compound, carries out bio-mimetic syntheses, and research filters out the novel pesticide plant pesticide with commercialization value and refers to utilize Agricultural chemicals made of pest and disease damage poisonous plants or its active ingredient to other plants, still, botanical pesticide are most structure Complexity, effective active composition are not easily purified, and presently commercially available botanical pesticide is predominantly effectively living by being extracted in single plant Property composition, mainly using solvent method, extracted, then extracted with ether, filtered with alcohol heat reflux, be configured to agent, this purification side Method is relative complex to equipment, and the single broad spectrum activity of raw material is poor, and partial solvent is to human health;It is and direct by raw material of plant Botanical pesticide is produced, although can be compounded by various plants, suffers from production technology, raw material sources, season, the limit of region System, agricultural chemicals is difficult to prepare or be difficult to preserve for a long time throughout the year, as disclosed in the Chinese patent of Application No. 201210174605.3 With tobacco leaf, tealeaves compound botanical pesticide, there is preferable killing action to aphid, but its only tobacco leaf and tealeaves are boiled after mistake Filter, active material is difficult to keep drug effect for a long time, it is necessary to instant match somebody with somebody, therefore, to develop a kind of answering for holding time length in filtrate It is always this area technical barrier urgently to be resolved hurrily with botanical pesticide.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provide it is a kind of nontoxic to people and animals, it is environmentally friendly, it is alternative to use at present The botanical pesticide that chemical pesticide uses, what the present invention was realized in:
A kind of botanical pesticide, it is obtained by the following method:
(a)100 mesh sieves are crossed after botanical pesticide raw material is crushed, are then immersed in light-coloured vinegar, soak 24-48h;
The raw material includes, by percentage to the quality:Kuh-seng 24%, Chinese prickly ash 14%, capsicum 14%, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 14%, Phytolacca acinosa 20%, surplus is bog pondweed;
(b)30min is heated at a temperature of raw material after immersion is placed in into 90-100 DEG C, is then cooled to 60-70 DEG C, heating 90min;
(c)After the solution left standstill cooling after heating, filtering, adjustment filtrate volume concentration is 40-50%, i.e., described in acquisition Botanical pesticide.
A kind of application of botanical pesticide as described herein in plant pest is prevented and treated.
Further, for botanical pesticide in the application in preventing and treating plant disease pest, the plant is leaf vegetables as described herein Class, Solanaceae class or rattan class vegetables.
Further, application of the botanical pesticide in plant disease pest is prevented and treated as described herein, it is described in preventing and treating phytopathy Application in insect pest refers to:After botanical pesticide is watered into 40-60 times of dilution, sprays and be in aboveground vegetation part, the amount of spraying 400-500ml/ mu botanical pesticides.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)Botanical pesticide provided by the present invention is directly prepared using plant as raw material, to environment, Ren Xuwu Evil;
(2)Botanical pesticide raw material of the present invention is frequently seen plants, and abundance can large area plantation;
(3)Botanical pesticide of the present invention is directly sprayed on vegetables, the branch of fruit tree, leaf, on cane, can be also embedded in after can diluting In soil, drive, murder worm, through on probation, the effect of desinsection may be up to 90~95%, can be effectively protected crop and not invaded by insect Evil.
(4)Step of the present invention is simple, take it is short, can wide popularization and application, substitute chemical agent.
Embodiment
By percentage to the quality, by raw material kuh-seng 24%, Chinese prickly ash 14%, capsicum 14%, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 14%, Phytolacca acinosa 20%, surplus For bog pondweed;100 mesh sieves are at least crossed after raw material is crushed, are then immersed in light-coloured vinegar, soak 24-48h;
30min is heated at a temperature of raw material after immersion is placed in into 90-100 DEG C, is then cooled to 60-70 DEG C, heating 90min;
After the solution left standstill cooling after heating, filtering, adjustment filtrate volume concentration is 40-50%, that is, obtains the plant Property agricultural chemicals.
The botanical pesticide toxotest of embodiment 2
Use the rat 20,180~200g of body weight of health, male and female half and half.
Experimental condition:22 ± 2 DEG C, relative humidity 40-70% of environment temperature, the botanical pesticide that embodiment 1 is obtained 40 times are diluted with sterilized water.
It is oral using 40 times of dilutions of botanical pesticide with 5000mg/kg.b.wt. dosage after Rat Fast is stayed overnight Gavage, after gavage 6 hours to food, 2 weeks observation periods.Obvious poisoning manifestations are had no after male and female rat oral gavage, in the observation period Without animal dead.
Embodiment 3
40 times and 60 times dilutions of botanical pesticide that Example 1 obtains respectively(Diluted with sterilized water)50ml, it is placed in In culture dish after sterilizing, numbering 1,2,10 cabbage leaves are respectively put into, soak 30min, taking-up is dried;Take cabbage caterpillar Each 20 with rice and diamondback moth third-instar larvae, with the blade feeding after drying, while control group is set up with sterilized water, each processing It is repeated 3 times, averages, experimental result is as shown in table 1.
The botanical pesticide desinsection of table 1 is tested
Sequence number Cabbage caterpillar is dead(Only) Diamondback moth third-instar larvae is dead(Only)
1 18 18
2 16 17
Control group 1 2
From table 1, the botanical pesticide has preferable insecticidal effect.
Embodiment 4
After the botanical pesticide sealing bottling sealing that embodiment 1 is obtained, under normal temperature(20-30℃)Lucifuge stores.
Experimental group is divided into three groups:
1st, 40 times of dilutions of botanical pesticide that embodiment 1 obtains;
2nd, 40 times of dilutions after the botanical pesticide that embodiment 1 obtains stores one month;
3rd, 40 times of dilutions after the botanical pesticide that embodiment 1 obtains stores three months;
Control group:Sterilized water;
Aphid is put into culture dish, 20/ware, sprays each group solution, 10ml/ wares, every group of weight into culture dish respectively It is multiple 3 times, average, culture dish is placed and cultivated at room temperature, after 2h, 12h, 36h, aphid death condition is checked, as a result such as table Shown in 2:
Table 2 sprays active testing
Group It is dead(Only)/2h It is dead(Only)/12h It is dead(Only)/36h
1 7 19 20
2 5 18 18
3 4 16 16
Control group 0 1 3
As shown in Table 2, the botanical pesticide has higher killing effect to aphid, substantially dead in 12h, and the agricultural chemicals Effective active composition is basicly stable in three months, has longer shelf life.
, can as the case may be, after the botanical pesticide is diluted into 40-60 times, by 400- in specific implementation process 500ml/ mu botanical pesticides(Counted before dilution)The amount of spraying, directly sprayed in vegetables, melon and fruit, tealeaves, Chinese medicine with sprayer On leaf, root, stem Deng plant, kill software, joint flash, duricrust, the insect such as creep, in force, notably avoid before rain and apply, otherwise Insecticide effect can be weakened.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of botanical pesticide, it is characterised in that the agricultural chemicals obtains by the following method:
(a)100 mesh sieves are crossed after botanical pesticide raw material is crushed, are then immersed in light-coloured vinegar, soak 24-48h;
The raw material is, by percentage to the quality:Kuh-seng 24%, Chinese prickly ash 14%, capsicum 14%, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 14%, Phytolacca acinosa 20%, surplus For bog pondweed;
(b)30min is heated at a temperature of raw material after immersion is placed in into 90-100 DEG C, is then cooled to 60-70 DEG C, heats 90min;
(c)After the solution left standstill cooling after heating, filtering, adjustment filtrate volume concentration is 40-50%, that is, obtains the plant Property agricultural chemicals.
2. application of the botanical pesticide as claimed in claim 1 in insect pest of the plant is prevented and treated;The plant is leaf vegetables, Solanaceae class Or rattan class vegetables.
3. application as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the application in insect pest of the plant is prevented and treated refers to:By vegetalitas After agricultural chemicals is watered 40-60 times of dilution, spray in aboveground vegetation part, the amount of spraying is 400-500ml/ mu botanical pesticides.
CN201510266031.6A 2015-05-22 2015-05-22 A kind of botanical pesticide and its application Expired - Fee Related CN104920506B (en)

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105660727A (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-06-15 信宜市四海永丰现代种养场 Preparation method of biological disease and pest prevention medicine used for melon and fruit vegetables
CN108271822A (en) * 2018-02-10 2018-07-13 湖南超农农业发展有限公司 A kind of Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations and its preparation method and application of disinsection prophylaxis weeding

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1502243A (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-09 邓志宏 Broad-spectrum pesticide using plant composition as raw material and preparation process thereof
CN103609623A (en) * 2013-11-25 2014-03-05 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 Pesticidal bactericidal compound for organic vegetable planting and manufacturing method thereof
CN103843843A (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-11 青岛艾华隆生物科技有限公司 High-efficiency non-toxic pesticide and preparation method thereof
CN103988854A (en) * 2014-04-15 2014-08-20 李春德 Radix sophorae flavescentis and vinegar mixture for preventing and treating crop diseases
CN104430611A (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-03-25 刘晓 Insecticide special for vegetables and preparation method of insecticide

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1502243A (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-09 邓志宏 Broad-spectrum pesticide using plant composition as raw material and preparation process thereof
CN103843843A (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-06-11 青岛艾华隆生物科技有限公司 High-efficiency non-toxic pesticide and preparation method thereof
CN103609623A (en) * 2013-11-25 2014-03-05 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 Pesticidal bactericidal compound for organic vegetable planting and manufacturing method thereof
CN103988854A (en) * 2014-04-15 2014-08-20 李春德 Radix sophorae flavescentis and vinegar mixture for preventing and treating crop diseases
CN104430611A (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-03-25 刘晓 Insecticide special for vegetables and preparation method of insecticide

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Inventor after: Liang Guoqiang

Inventor after: Liang Yanan

Inventor after: Qian Shuguang

Inventor after: Liao Haifeng

Inventor before: Liang Yanan

Inventor before: Qian Shuguang

Inventor before: Song Lijun

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Effective date of registration: 20201216

Address after: Room 501, office building, Langchuan Avenue, Jianping Town, Langxi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

Patentee after: He Yonggang

Address before: 214247 Tangquan village, Xushe Town, Yixing City, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province

Patentee before: JIANGSU LVZHIYUN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

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Effective date of registration: 20211126

Address after: 063000 Kaiyue road Xidong magezhuang north, Kaiping District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province

Patentee after: Tangshan Dingchen Food Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Room 501, office building, Langchuan Avenue, Jianping Town, Langxi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

Patentee before: He Yonggang

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Granted publication date: 20180102

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee