KR100976033B1 - Use of plant extracts as antifungicides and insecticides - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A bactericidal composition containing pine needle is provided to ensure bactericidal and pesticidal activities and to use as a natural agricultural chemical. CONSTITUTION: A bactericidal composition contains pine needle extract as an active ingredient. The pine needle extract has an antifungal and prevention activity to plant pathogenic bacteria or vegetable pest. The composition additionally contains Lacca Sinica Exsiccata, Pharbitidis semen, or Evodia officinalis extract. The composition further contains UV protector or tackifier to pine needle extract or plant extract.

Description

Use of plant extracts as antifungicides and insecticides}

The present invention relates to a sterilizing and insecticidal composition comprising pine needle extract as an active ingredient and a method for disinfecting and killing by spraying the same.

Chemical pesticides have greatly contributed to the control of diseases and pests that occur when grown for the purpose of increasing crop productivity. Chemical pesticides have gained the trust of farmers with accurate and rapid medicinal effects, and it has been recognized that all pest problems can be solved with pesticides. This has resulted in the use of more pesticides or exceeding the appropriate concentrations.

However, the use of chemical pesticides behind these effects has caused many problems. First, the damage of farmers using chemical pesticides was significant. Many farmers are most concerned about farming and spraying pesticides. Even with protective equipment, the risk of damage when spraying is very high. Second, chemical pesticides not only kill germs, pests, and weeds that are the targets of pesticides, but also damage insects such as natural enemies, silkworms, and bees, as well as invade rivers and rivers, and damage aquatic insects and fish. Indeed, the ecosystems around orchards, facility complexes, and golf courses are being transformed significantly by continuous use of pesticides. Furthermore, pesticide residues in agricultural products damage the human body through food, as well as chronic ecosystems of pesticides accumulated in soil and other organisms. Cause side effects. Third, pathogens or pests that survived the application of chemical pesticides are resistant to pesticides, rather, diseases and pests increase. In addition, as a common phenomenon, new diseases, pests or weeds, which have not been a problem before, may appear, which may cause more difficult situations than before.

On the other hand, since the 1992 UN Environmental Development Conference Rio Declaration, efforts to protect the environment have continued, and as the WTO was established, international trade multilateral negotiations linking the environment and trade, the Green Round, began in earnest. In the case of agriculture, the need to switch to environmentally friendly agriculture is urgent. As part of this, in the field of crop protection, the development and dissemination of low-toxic, low-dose products or biopesticides is urgent by limiting the use of chemical pesticides and strengthening the residual allowance. In Korea, the government has been implementing the Environmental Agriculture Promotion Act since December 1997. Recently, the five-year plan to promote eco-friendly agriculture was established to reduce the amount of chemical pesticides by 30%. Ambitious plans are being made to expand the agricultural cultivation area to 10,000 hectares to realize eco-friendly agriculture. Development and dissemination of pollution-free and non-toxic biological pesticides is essential for this plan to be effective.

Biopesticides are the commercialization of pathogens, host resistant microorganisms, natural pesticides and natural enemies collected in the natural environment to control pests, pathogenic microorganisms and weeds of crops. Its history was imported from Califonia in 1888 by importing Australian Vedalia beetle and succeeding in controlling citrus locust beetle. In the UK, greenhouse powdered beetle was imported in 1920s to control tomato greenhouse powder. In the 1960s, European spruce sawfly (leaf beetle) was used as a virus and moths were used as Bacillus thueringiensis. In 1991, plant resistance induced microorganisms were developed as microbial seed treatment agents. It reached a level that caused resistance and inhibited the development of plant diseases. Currently, there are 145 kinds of biopesticides, which are classified into microorganisms, biochemical pesticides including pheromones, plant pesticides, natural enemies and others (Biopesiticide Manual, 1998). In Korea, in the 1930s, after successful control of apple worms using apple worm beetles, there was an example of ruby worms in Jeju citrus. In 1897, we developed baicon to control ginseng root rot. Several types of antagonistic microorganisms have been developed and introduced, including the development of AC-1 for late blight control. Since the first product was registered in March 2003, as of December 2008, a total of 31 drugs were officially registered as microbial pesticides. Separately, more than a hundred kinds of microbial materials are being sold in the domestic eco-friendly agricultural materials market, which claims to have the effect of pesticides.

In June 2000, the registration standards and methods of microbial pesticides were announced in Korea, and the system of biological micropesticides was established in order to provide products that are recognized as sterilizing and insecticidal among soil microbial agents. A chance to fold was prepared.

As mentioned above, microbial pesticides have some success stories in the field of soil treatment, but considering the drug persistence and pesticidal activity range, they are only in the pioneering stage, and no great success cases have been reported in the field of foliar spraying. On the other hand, the most important thing in commercialization is to produce the product in an easy state of production, storage, and processing in consideration of the efficacy, commercial viability, economic feasibility, and the amount and price of additives advantageous for pest control.

Therefore, the present inventors tested the bactericidal and insecticidal activity of 200 extracts of herbal medicines and medicinal plants in order to develop a bactericidal / insecticide using natural products. The present invention was completed by confirming that the present invention can be applied to environmentally friendly biopesticides.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a sterilizing and insecticidal composition using pine needle extract as an active ingredient and a method for disinfecting and killing by spraying the same.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a bactericidal / insecticidal composition comprising pine needle extract as an active ingredient.

The "pine needles" are the leaves of pine and the main components of pine needles are chlorophyll and vitamin A, vitamin C. In addition to the crude protein (粗脂肪) and phosphorus, iron, enzymes, minerals and a lot of special active ingredients.

Preferably in the group consisting of dried pine needles, cow, and sesame oil extract to the pine needle extract It may further comprise one or more plant extracts.

"Dried lacquer" is a deciduous arborescent of the family Sumac, reaching about 7m in height, and leaves are 4 ~ 7 pairs of long oval-shaped leaflets. In early summer, yellow flowers bloom and the fruit is round. It is called raw chil (fresh lacquer), and it is called dried dry. Its composition is ursiol, rubbery, small amount of mannite.

The "wooge" refers to dried morning glory seeds, the seeds of green or red morning glory are called black axis, and the seeds of white morning glory are called white axis. Resin glycoside parbitine. Parbitin is an ester bond of an acid glycoside, called parbitinic acid, to a binding sugar, such as tiglilic acid, methyl-ethylacetic acid, nitric acid, and the like. The parbitinic acid is glucose or lamnose attached to the hydroxyl group of the purulic acid. In addition to parbitin, it also contains oils of olein, palmitine and stearin. Ungrown seeds include the plant growth hormone gibetatelin and its glycosides.

The "sewage milk" refers to the dried and harvested green and brown fragrance. Dicotyledonous plant, native to Midwestern China. Young branches have hairs and the leaves face each other. Odd one-time quills. Small leaves are oval-shaped eggs or oval, and hairs are dense on the back. Flowers are yellowish yellow, monotonous, divalent.

The plant extract of the present invention may be prepared according to a method for preparing various plant extracts known in the art, for example, by shaking extraction, cold extraction, warm extraction, heat extraction or reflux extraction, but is not limited thereto. no. It can be used as an extraction solvent by selecting from the group consisting of water, C1-4 alcohols, ethyl acetate, nucleic acids and mixtures thereof. When the extraction solvent is water, it may be by hot water extraction, and when the extraction solvent is alcohol, it may be by reflux extraction. In addition, the extract extracted with the solvent may further perform a fractionation process with a solvent selected from the group consisting of nucleic acids, methylene chloride, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and mixtures thereof after performing the extraction process, the solvent during the fractionation Can be used more than one type. The extract preparation temperature may be 4 to 120 ℃, but is not limited to this, the extraction time is not particularly limited, but may be 10 minutes to 300 minutes, but is not limited thereto. The extraction process may be performed using a conventional extraction device, an ultrasonic mill extractor or a fractionator, but is not limited thereto. The prepared extract may then be concentrated by filtration under reduced pressure or drying to remove the solvent, filtration and drying under reduced pressure, and the filtration under reduced pressure may be carried out by low pressure vacuum concentration using a vacuum concentrator. It may be performed by a lyophilization method, but is not limited thereto.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the plant extract is filtered and concentrated to extract the extract obtained by shaking the plant by adding ethanol.

Pine needle extract showed antibacterial activity against Tobacco bacterium bacterium, and dry, cow, and sewage extracts also showed antibacterial activity against Tobacco bacterium bacterium (Table 1). Preferably, the pine needles, dried, nut, and sewage extract are antibacterial activity of the bactericidal / insecticidal composition of the present invention is a bactericidal bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum.

In addition, the pine needle extract showed a specific insecticidal effect against spotted mite (Table 3) and Chinese cabbage moth (Table 4), in particular, showed a significant effect on the spotted mite eggs and Chinese cabbage moth. Dried lactose, cow, and sesame oil extracts also showed insecticidal effect. As a result of a pharmacological test of spotted mite and Chinese cabbage moth, the pine needles, dried, cow, and sesame oil extract showed a significant control (%).

The composition for sterilization and insecticide according to the present invention may further include a substance mixed with a conventional sterilization and insecticide, and it is more preferable to control according to the sterilization and insecticide formulation, the spraying place and the spraying method.

Any surfactant and any other inert ingredients known in the art, such as protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, preservatives, stabilizers, antifoams, in the pine needle extract alone or in other plant extract mixtures, Along with the cryoprotectant, the metal ion sequestrant, the dyes, the pigments, the colorants and the polymers, it may further comprise a solid and / or liquid carrier such as water. It may also further comprise a carrier of natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic material that facilitates plant, seed or soil application.

Preferably, the pine needle extract alone or other plant extract mixture may further comprise a bio substrate. The bio-substrate may include various components known in the art, but may be selected from the group consisting of an electrodeposition agent, a trace element, a sunscreen, and a weight agent.

The bactericidal / insecticidal composition according to the present invention may be prepared in a form capable of being applied to the plant by treatment and flow. It can be formulated into suspensions, microsuspensions, suspo emulsions, wettable powders, granule concentrates, microemulsions and the like. It can also be formulated as a concentrate and can be formulated as a thin formulation by the end user.

The bactericidal or insecticidal composition of the present invention may be used for biological pesticides, soil improving agents, composting agents, foliar spraying agents, irrigation spraying agents, etc., but is not limited thereto.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a sterilization and insecticidal method comprising spraying a bactericidal or insecticidal composition to Ralstonia solanacearum or vegetable pests.

The bactericidal or insecticidal composition according to the present invention may be used for the purpose of sterilization and insecticidal against various tobacco bactericidal blight (Ralstonia solanacearum) or vegetable pests, and may be applied by contact, fumigation, or digestive poisoning.

Since the present invention exhibits remarkable bactericidal and insecticidal activity, it can be used as an environmentally friendly natural product pesticide preparation, which is a very useful invention for the pesticide industry.

Hereinafter, it demonstrates in detail by an Example. However, the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

< Example  1> Plant Selection and Extraction Method

The extraction process of dried lacquer, cow, coriander, mingled wine, pine needles, hydrangea, cloves, yellow lotus and sewage oil is processed through the first grinding process using a mill (pin mill) to improve the extraction efficiency. 2L of 75% Et-OH was added to 1 Kg and extracted with shaking for 4 hours at 80 ° C. The extract obtained through the above process was filtered using paper filter paper (Watman), and then concentrated 5 to 6 times using a rotary vacuum evaporator (Eyela, Japan) to obtain respective concentrates.

Baekji, Sagunja, and Jinrang, without grinding, put 1Kg into 10L of water, and heat it at 80 ℃ for 12 ~ 24 hours to extract hot water. Secondly, 75% Et-OH of 6-9 L (6-fold) was added to 1-1.5 L of the extract obtained above, extracted at 80 ° C. for 6 hours, filtered through a filter paper (Watman), and a vacuum rotary concentrator. Each extract concentrate was obtained through.

Each concentrated solution obtained according to the extraction method was mixed in the same amount, and then adjusted to a volume of 30% Et-OH, filtered through a paper filter to obtain a concentrated plant extract showing final bactericidal and insecticidal activity.

< Example  2> Antifungal Activity Analysis of Plant Extracts

The antifungal activity of the plant extract obtained in Example 1 was analyzed. 9 species of plant pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani ( Pleasant Blight), Gibberella fujikuroi ( Ducky Leg Disease), Cercospora kikuchii ( Congja pattern disease), Phytophthora capsici (Pepper blight), Colletotrichum acutatum ( Chinese anthrax), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ( Anthurium Anthrax), Pyricularia grisea (Rice fever), Botryosphaeria dothidea (Apple rot) or Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum (Cucumber vine disease) and one phytopathogenic bacterium Ral stonia solanacearum.

The antifungal activity was examined by inoculating plant extracts by inoculating 6 mm diameter holes in PDA (Difco Co.) medium with pathogens and incubating at 30 ° C. for 2-3 days. As a result of investigating the antifungal activity of the plant extracts, the extracts of Clove, Jelly, and Rhododendron showed a broad spectrum of activity against all of the pathogenic fungi, while the other extracts showed specific antifungal activity.

In addition, for the bacteriobacterial bacterium bacterium Bacterial Bacteria, dried, dried cows, pine needles, sesame oil, cloves, and yellow lotus were active.

Antifungal Activity Spectrum of Plant Extracts against Plant Pathogens division Dry pine needles Dog Gosam pigweed Osuyu cloves Jinrang goldthread Rice long leg disease ○ ○ ○ Bean purple pattern disease ○ ○ ○ Chilli Plague ○ ○ ○ Chilli Anthrax ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Rice Blast ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Bean Anthrax ○ ○ ○ Ginger Leaf Blight ○ ○ ○ Apple Leaf Rot ○ ○ Phalaenopsis White Silk Disease ○ Cucumber slices ○ ○ ○ Tobacco bacterial blight ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Example 3 Insecticidal Activity Analysis of Plant Extracts

Insecticidal activity against 18 kinds of plant extracts was investigated against plant pests such as spotted mite (adult, egg) and Chinese cabbage moth. Both plant extracts (target drugs) were directly sprayed on the pests and tested by the residual method. The efficacy test was carried out at 25 ℃, 65% RH conditions and the insecticidal effect of the eggs were investigated after 48 hours, 72 hours.

As a result, eight plant extracts showing final insecticidal efficacy were selected.

< Experimental Example  1> Drug validation test for spotted mites

(1) spotted mites

Make 3 cm sections of healthy kidney beans. After soaking for 10 seconds in a chemical solution diluted 100-fold in sterile distilled water, put it on a wet cotton ball (4 × 4㎝) in Petri dish. After the wet chemical dries in the hood, inoculate 15 murine spots. 24, 48 hours after drug treatment, examine the livestock. Repeat the experiment three times.

Insecticidal efficacy test results of plant extracts against adult insects Test drug Density before treatment (mari) Fresh water (mari) Control price (%) Dog 9.3 5.3 44.4 pigweed 10.0 4.7 51.9 A dead man 8.7 6.0 31.9 Cloves 12.7 8.3 33.8 No treatment 15.0 15 0.0

(2) spotted mite eggs

Place a cotton ball in a Petri dish and moisten it, and then cut the kidney bean leaf disc without spot mite at the bottom. Inoculate three adult females. After 24 hours, spotted mites are removed. The drug is diluted 100 times with sterile distilled water and treated by spraying. After three repetitions per drug, and after the drug treatment, the sprayed drug dries, and the Petri dish lid (1 cm mesh net) is closed to preserve humidity. Irradiation was investigated hatching milk / nymphs after 72, 96 hours after drug treatment.

Insecticidal Effect of Plant Extracts against Spotted Mite Eggs Test drug Before treatment
Density (mari) Fresh water (mari) Control price (%) Gun fill 16.7 6.3 64.9 Paternity 9.7 2.7 69.9 pigweed 20.3 6.7 62.9 White paper 20.0 10.7 44.9 Brush blade 13.3 6.0 49.4 Night soup 13.3 4.3 66.1 Cloves 19.0 0.0 100.0 Yellow lotus 16.0 5.0 67.8 No treatment 14.7 14.0 0.0

< Experimental Example  2> On Chinese cabbage moth  Drug efficacy test

After diluting the drug with 50 times of sterile water, the cabbage leaf slices were soaked for 30 seconds by dipping, and then the cabbage moth larvae were exposed by a brush. The exposure time was set to 1 day, and larvae were examined.

Insecticidal efficacy test results of plant extracts against Chinese cabbage moth Test drug Before treatment
Density (mari) Fresh water (mari) Control price (%) Paternity 10.0 7.0 30.0 High hemp 9.3 6.0 33.7 Night soup 9.3 5.3 39.5 Brush blade 13.3 6.0 49.4 Jin Lang 9.3 6.7 29.3 No treatment 14.7 14.0 0.0

<Example 4> Preparation of natural insecticides containing plant extracts exhibiting the insecticidal effect

The plant extracts exhibiting the insecticidal effect are selected and extracted and concentrated by herbal medicine. Each concentrated extract was mixed uniformly and then mixed with a bio-substrate containing an electrodeposition agent, trace element, sunscreen, extender and the like to prepare a natural or insecticide in the form of liquid or powder.

1 shows the process of manufacturing a composition for sterilization and insecticide containing a plant extract showing bactericidal and insecticidal activity.

Figure 2 shows the antifungal activity of phytopathogens of plant extracts

Each target phytopathogen is as follows.

A: antifungal activity of Clove extract against Botryosphaeria dothidea

B: antifungal activity against Cercospora kikuchii of rhubarb extract,

C: antifungal activity against Pyricularia grisea of cow's milk extract,

D: Antifungal activity of clove extract against Gibberella fujikuroi .

Figure 3 is a tobacco plant bactericidal blight of bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum ) shows antibacterial activity against.

Each plant extract is as follows.

A: Antimicrobial activity of Ralstonia solanacearum from pine needle extract,

B: Antimicrobial Activity against Ralstonia solanacearum

C: antimicrobial activity of cow's milk extract against Ralstonia solanacearum ,

D: Clove extract of Ralstonia antimicrobial activity against solanacearum ).

Claims (7)

A bactericidal and insecticidal composition comprising pine needle extract as an active ingredient characterized by antifungal or control against one or more phytopathogenic bacteria or plant pests selected from the group consisting of Ralstonia solanacearum, spotted mite and Chinese cabbage moth. . The method of claim 1, wherein the pine needles in the group consisting of dried, cow, and sewage extract Further comprising one or more selected plant extracts Sterilizing and insecticidal composition, characterized in that. delete delete The sterilizing and insecticidal composition according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of an electrodeposition agent, a sunscreen agent, and an extender in the pine needle extract or plant extract mixture. delete Sterilization and insecticidal comprising spraying the composition for disinfecting and insecticide according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 5 to Ralstonia solanacearum and vegetable pests such as spotted mite or Chinese cabbage moth Way.

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