CN104884165B - 配体化合物、用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系及使用其的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法 - Google Patents
配体化合物、用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系及使用其的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104884165B CN104884165B CN201480004047.3A CN201480004047A CN104884165B CN 104884165 B CN104884165 B CN 104884165B CN 201480004047 A CN201480004047 A CN 201480004047A CN 104884165 B CN104884165 B CN 104884165B
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- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000003606 oligomerizing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XEHUIDSUOAGHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical group [Cr].CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O XEHUIDSUOAGHBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021556 Chromium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- YAVVGPBYBUYPSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;oxygen Chemical compound [O].C1=CC=CC=C1 YAVVGPBYBUYPSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960000359 chromic chloride Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 20
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical class CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-O tributylazanium Chemical compound CCCC[NH+](CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylphosphine Substances CP(C)C YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 3
- VKMQKNJWQNCEQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl)boron Chemical compound [B]C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 VKMQKNJWQNCEQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-O diethylammonium Chemical compound CC[NH2+]CC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentane Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritylium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YVSMQHYREUQGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyloxaluminane Chemical compound CC[Al]1CCCCO1 YVSMQHYREUQGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical group [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical group [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MJSNUBOCVAKFIJ-LNTINUHCSA-N chromium;(z)-4-oxoniumylidenepent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Cr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O MJSNUBOCVAKFIJ-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYBJXSAXGLILJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl(methyl)alumane Chemical compound CC[Al](C)CC MYBJXSAXGLILJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;chloride Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MWNKMBHGMZHEMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylalumanylium;ethanolate Chemical compound CCO[Al](C)C MWNKMBHGMZHEMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQBCXNQILNPAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(dimethyl)alumane Chemical compound [O-]C.C[Al+]C BQBCXNQILNPAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JYLPOJPHFDVWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-K oxolane;trichlorochromium Chemical class [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3].C1CCOC1 JYLPOJPHFDVWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- XPPWLXNXHSNMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboron Chemical compound [B]C1=CC=CC=C1 XPPWLXNXHSNMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMHHITPYCHHOGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylborane Chemical compound CCCCB(CCCC)CCCC CMHHITPYCHHOGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)CC ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihydridoboron Substances B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQPMDTQDAXRDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylalumane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Al](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JQPMDTQDAXRDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMPKTELQGVLZTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylborane Chemical compound CCCB(CCC)CCC ZMPKTELQGVLZTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDSSGQHOYWGIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylpropyl)borane Chemical compound CC(C)CB(CC(C)C)CC(C)C XDSSGQHOYWGIKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/1875—Phosphinites (R2P(OR), their isomeric phosphine oxides (R3P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof)
- B01J31/188—Amide derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
- B01J31/143—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron of aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
- B01J31/146—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron of boron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
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Abstract
本发明涉及可以以高催化活性和选择性使乙烯低聚的新配体化合物、包含其的用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系、以及使用其的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及配体化合物、用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系以及使用其的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法。
背景技术
线性α-烯烃是用作共聚单体、清洁剂、润滑剂、增塑剂等的重要材料,并且在工业上被广泛使用。特别地,1-己烯和1-辛烯被用作用于在制备线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)时控制聚乙烯的密度的共聚单体。
在LLDPE的常规制备方法中,进行与共聚单体如α-烯烃(例如,1-己烯和1-辛烯)的共聚反应,使得可在聚合物骨架中与乙烯一起形成分支以控制密度。
因此,为了制备具有高共聚单体含量的LLDPE,存在共聚单体的成本占生产成本大部分的问题。为了克服这个问题已进行了多种尝试。
由于α-烯烃根据种类不同具有不同的应用领域或市场领域,因此能够选择性生产特定烯烃的技术在商业上是重要的,并且最近,已对用于通过选择性乙烯低聚反应来以高选择性制备1-己烯和1-辛烯的铬催化剂技术进行了很多研究。
用于制备1-己烯和1-辛烯的现有商业方法包括壳牌化学(Shell Chemical)的SHOP法、雪佛龙菲利普斯(Chevron Philips)的齐格勒(Ziegler)法等,其可用于生产范围为C4-C20的宽分布的α-烯烃。
作为乙烯的三聚催化剂,提出了使用通式(R1)(R2)X-Y-X(R3)(R4)的配体的基于铬的催化剂。在该式中,X是磷、砷或锑,Y是连接基团如-N(R5)-,并且R1、R2、R3和R4中至少之一具有极性取代基或受电子取代基。
这样的配体的代表性实例是(邻-乙基苯基)2PN(Me)P(邻-乙基苯基)2,其是其中R1、R2、R3和R4中至少之一不具有极性取代基的化合物(Chem.Commun.,2002,858)。
然而,仍然需要开发在制备1-辛烯或1-己烯时具有持续不断的低聚反应活性和高选择性的配体。
现有技术文献
[非专利文献]
1.Chem.Commun.,2002,858
发明详述
[技术问题]
本发明的目的是提供可以以高催化活性和选择性使乙烯低聚的配体化合物、包含其的用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系以及使用其的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法。
[技术方案]
根据本发明一个方面的配体化合物可由以下化学式1表示。
[化学式1]
在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
根据本发明另一个方面的用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系可包含:由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂。
[化学式1]
在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
根据本发明又一个方面的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法可包括在用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系存在下使烯烃低聚的步骤,所述催化剂体系包含由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂。
[化学式1]
在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
有益效果
与现有的催化剂体系相比,通过使用包含根据本发明的配体化合物的催化剂体系可以以高选择性使乙烯低聚。
具体实施方式
虽然可对本发明进行多种变化并且本发明可具有多个实施方案,但是本说明书中将对具体实施方案进行解释。然而,应理解,本发明并不限于具体实施方案,而是涵盖在本发明精神和范围中的所有变化方案、等同方案和替代方案。如果断定关于相关已知技术的详细说明可能使本发明的主题模糊,将忽略该详细说明。
本发明提供了由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物。
[化学式1]
在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了催化剂体系,其包含由化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂。
根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了用于烯烃低聚反应的方法,其包括在用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系存在下使烯烃低聚的步骤,所述催化剂体系包含由化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂。
现有技术中用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂的问题在于其没有高的低聚反应活性和高选择性。因此,本发明人通过实验证实,如果使用包含新配体化合物的催化剂体系,则可在烯烃低聚反应中持续维持高的低聚反应活性和高选择性,并完成本发明。
下文中,将详细地描述根据本发明的配体化合物、用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系以及使用其的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法。
配体化合物
本发明的配体化合物可由以下化学式1表示。
[化学式1]
在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
更具体地,根据本发明的一个实施方案,由化学式1表示的配体化合物的实例可由以下结构式之一来表示,但不限于此。以下化合物可通过用于制备配体的常用方法来制备并将在下文的实施例中进行更详细的说明。
由化学式1所表示的化合物可通过以下方法来合成,但不限于此。
用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系
根据本发明的用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系可包含由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂。
[化学式1]
在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
在本发明的用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系中,“催化剂体系”意指在单体存在/不存在下由化学式1表示的化合物和助催化剂被同时或依次添加到任意合适的溶剂中并可作为活性催化剂组合物获得。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,铬源可以是铬或铬前体。铬或铬前体的具体实例可以是乙酰丙酮铬(III)、三(四氢呋喃)三氯化铬和2-乙基己酸铬(III),但不限于此。
用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系包含助催化剂。助催化剂是包含第13族金属的有机金属化合物并且一般不受特别限制,只要其在过渡金属催化剂存在下可用于烯烃低聚反应即可。
具体地,助催化剂可以是选自由以下化学式2至4表示的化合物中的至少一种,但不限于此。
[化学式2]
-[Al(R6)-O]c-
在化学式2中,R6是彼此相同或不同的,并且独立地是卤素基团、C1-C20烃基或被卤素取代的C1-C20烃基,并且c是等于或大于2的整数。
[化学式3]
D(R7)3
在化学式3中,
D是铝或硼,并且R7独立地是C1-C20烃基或被卤素取代的C1-C20烃基。
[化学式4]
[L-H]+[Q(E)4]-
在化学式4中,
L是中性路易斯碱,[L-H]+是布朗斯台德酸,Q是呈+3氧化态的硼或铝,并且E独立地是C6-C20芳基或C1-C20烷基,其至少一个氢未被取代或者被卤素、C1-C20烃基、烷氧基官能团或苯氧基官能团取代。
由化学式2表示的化合物的实例可包括:甲基铝氧烷(MAO)、乙基铝氧烷、异丁基铝氧烷、丁基铝氧烷等。
由化学式3表示的烷基金属化合物的实例可包括:三甲基铝、三乙基铝、三异丁基铝、三丙基铝、三丁基铝、二甲基氯化铝、二甲基异丁基铝、二甲基乙基铝、二乙基氯化铝、三异丙基铝、三仲丁基铝、三环戊基铝、三戊基铝、三异戊基铝、三己基铝、乙基二甲基铝、甲基二乙基铝、三苯基铝、三对甲苯基铝、二甲基铝甲醇盐、二甲基铝乙醇盐、三甲基硼、三乙基硼、三异丁基硼、三丙基硼、三丁基硼等。
由化学式4表示的化合物的实例可包括:三乙基铵四苯基硼、三丁基铵四苯基硼、三甲基铵四苯基硼、三丙基铵四苯基硼、三甲基铵四(对甲苯基)硼、三丙基铵四(对甲苯基)硼、三乙基铵四(邻,对-二甲苯基)硼、三甲基铵四(邻,对-二甲苯基)硼、三丁基铵四(对-三氟甲基苯基)硼、三甲基铵四(对-三氟甲基苯基)硼、三丁基铵四五氟苯基硼、N,N-二乙基苯铵四苯基硼、N,N-二乙基苯铵四苯基硼、N,N-二乙基苯铵四苯基硼、N,N-二乙基苯铵四五氟苯基硼、二乙基铵四五氟苯基硼、三苯基磷四苯基硼、三甲基磷四苯基硼、三乙基铵四苯基铝、三丁基铵四苯基铝、三甲基铵四苯基铝、三丙基铵四苯基铝、三甲基铵四(对甲苯基)铝、三丙基铵四(对甲苯基)铝、三乙基铵四(邻,对-二甲基苯基)铝、三丁基铵四(对-三氟甲基苯基)铝、三甲基铵四(对-三氟甲基苯基)铝、三丁基铵四五氟苯基铝、N,N-二乙基苯铵四苯基铝、N,N-二乙基苯铵四五氟苯基铝、二乙基铵四五氟苯基铝、三苯基磷四苯基铝、三甲基磷四苯基铝、三苯基碳四苯基硼、三苯基碳四(对-三氟甲基苯基)硼、三苯基碳四五氟苯基硼等。
优选地,可使用铝氧烷,并且更优选地,可使用烷基铝氧烷,例如甲基铝氧烷(MAO)。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系可包含由化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂。在本文中,为了增加对线性α-烯烃的选择性并增加低聚反应活性,配体化合物∶铬源∶助催化剂的摩尔比可以是约1∶1∶1至约10∶1∶10000,优选约1∶1∶100至约5∶1∶3000,但不限于此。
在包含由化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂的催化剂体系中,可在单体存在或不存在下,将催化剂体系的这三种组分同时或以任意顺序依次添加到任意合适的溶剂中,并作为活性催化剂获得。合适的溶剂可包括庚烷、甲苯、1-己烯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氯甲烷、氯仿、氯苯、甲醇、丙酮等,但不限于此。
通过使用根据本发明的催化剂体系,可提供反应活性和选择性改进的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法。
用于烯烃低聚反应的方法
根据本发明的用于烯烃低聚反应的方法可包括在用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系存在下使烯烃低聚的步骤,所述催化剂体系包含由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂。
[化学式1]
在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,烯烃低聚物可使用根据上述实施方案的催化剂体系以及常用装置和接触技术,在惰性溶剂存在或不存在下通过以下反应来制备:均相液相反应;其中一部分或全部催化剂体系不溶解的淤浆反应;两相液-液反应;或者其中产物烯烃充当主要介质的本体相反应;或者气相反应,但是均相液相反应是优选的。
烯烃低聚反应可在不与催化剂化合物和活性剂反应的任何惰性溶剂中进行。合适的惰性溶剂可包括苯、甲苯、二甲苯、枯烯、庚烷、环己烷、甲基环己烷、甲基环戊烷、己烷、戊烷、丁烷、异丁烯等,但不限于此。在本文中,根据本发明的一个实施方案,溶剂可用少量的烷基铝处理以除去少量的作为催化剂毒物起作用的水或空气等。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,烯烃低聚反应可在约5℃至约200℃,优选约30℃至约150℃的温度下进行。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,烯烃低聚反应可在约1巴至约300巴,优选约2巴至约150巴的压力下进行。
当使用催化剂体系进行烯烃低聚反应时,如果使用根据本发明的上述化合物或包含其的催化剂体系,则可实现对1-己烯和1-辛烯的高选择性。
下文中,将详细地解释本发明的优选实施例。然而,这些实施例仅是说明本发明,而本发明的范围不限于此。
<配体化合物的合成>
合成实施例
所有的反应都使用Schlenk技术或手套箱在氩气下进行。合成的配体使用Varian500MHz分光计通过1H(500MHz)和31P(202MHz)光谱进行分析。位移从TMS到低场以ppm来表示,并以残留溶剂峰作为参考。用H3PO4水溶液校准磷探针。在Ar下,将胺(10mmol)和三乙胺(胺的3至10当量)溶解于二氯甲烷(80mL)中。将烧瓶浸入水浴中的同时,向其中缓慢添加氯代二苯基膦(20mmol)并搅动过夜。在将溶剂真空蒸发后,向其中添加另外的溶剂(乙醚、四氢呋喃或己烷)并充分搅动,并用不含空气的玻璃过滤器除去三乙基氯化铵盐。从滤液中除去溶剂以获得产物。实施例和比较例中使用的用于制备配体的初始胺示于下表1中。
[表1]
<乙烯低聚反应>
实施例1
在氩气下,将Cr(acac)3(17.5mg,0.05mmol)和根据合成实施例1制备的配体1(0.1mmol)放入烧瓶中,添加10ml甲苯,并搅动混合物以制备5mM溶液。
将磁性搅拌棒放入100mL Parr反应器中并组装,然后使内部处于真空下(至少2小时)。用Ar替换内部后,注入46mL环己烷和2mL MAO(10重量%甲苯溶液,Al/Cr=300)。向反应器中注入2mL(10μmol)的5mM催化剂溶液(甲苯)。将反应器浸入加热至45℃的油浴中,并与乙烯供应连接。将乙烯的压力调节至45巴并以600rpm开始搅动。反应15分钟后,切断乙烯,将反应器取出并用干冰/丙酮浴冷却。在通气之后,打开反应器并向其中添加0.5mL壬烷(GC内标物)。取出约2mL的液体部分,用水淬灭,并用PTFE注射器式过滤器过滤有机部分以制备GC样品。用GC分析液体产物的分布。向剩余的反应溶液中添加300mL乙醇/HCl(10体积%),搅动溶液并过滤以获得聚合物。将聚合物在65℃真空烘箱中干燥过夜。
实施例2
通过与实施例1相同的方法进行乙烯低聚反应,除了使用根据合成实施例2制备的配体之外。
实施例3
通过与实施例1相同的方法进行乙烯低聚反应,除了使用根据合成实施例3制备的配体之外。
比较例1
通过与实施例1相同的方法进行乙烯低聚反应,除了使用根据合成实施例4制备的配体并使用甲基环己烷作为反应溶剂之外。
实施例1至3和比较例1的结果归纳于下表2中。
[表2]
如表2中所示,与比较例相比,在实施例中,对1-己烯和1-辛烯的选择性显著改进。
虽然已对本发明的特定部分进行了详细描述,但是对于本领域的普通技术人员明显的是,这些特定技术只是优选实施方案,并且本发明的范围不限于此。因此,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书及其等同方案限定。
Claims (12)
1.一种由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物:
[化学式1]
其中,在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的配体化合物,其中由化学式1表示的所述配体化合物选自:
3.一种用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系,包含:
由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物;
铬源;和
助催化剂:
[化学式1]
其中,在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的催化剂体系,其中由化学式1表示的所述配体化合物选自:
5.根据权利要求3所述的催化剂体系,其中所述铬源选自乙酰丙酮铬(III)、三(四氢呋喃)三氯化铬和2-乙基己酸铬(III)。
6.根据权利要求3所述的催化剂体系,其中所述助催化剂是选自由以下化学式2至4表示的化合物中的至少一种:
[化学式2]
-[Al(R6)-O]C-
其中在化学式2中,R6是彼此相同或不同的,并且独立地是卤素基团、C1-C20烃基或被卤素取代的C1-C20烃基,并且c是等于或大于2的整数;
[化学式3]
D(R7)3
其中在化学式3中,
D是铝或硼、R7独立地是C1-C20烃基或被卤素取代的C1-C20烃基;以及
[化学式4]
[L-H]+[Q(E)4]-
其中在化学式4中,
L是中性路易斯碱,[L-H]+是布朗斯台德酸,Q是呈+3氧化态的硼或铝,E独立地是C6-C20芳基或C1-C20烷基,其至少一个氢未被取代或者被卤素、C1-C20烃基、烷氧基官能团或苯氧基官能团取代。
7.根据权利要求3所述的催化剂体系,其中所述烯烃是乙烯。
8.一种用于烯烃低聚反应的方法,包括在用于烯烃低聚反应的催化剂体系存在下使烯烃低聚的步骤,所述催化剂体系包含由以下化学式1表示的配体化合物、铬源和助催化剂:
[化学式1]
其中在化学式1中,
X是R1-N、O或S,
R1是氢,或者是任选地包含选自N、O、F、S和P中的至少一个杂原子的C1-C20烷基、C6-C40芳基、C3-C30杂芳基、芳基烷基,
R2至R5独立地是C6-C40芳基,并且
R6和R7是H或C1-C20烷基。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述低聚反应的温度是5℃至200℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述低聚反应的压力是1巴至300巴。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中由化学式1表示的所述配体化合物选自:
12.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述烯烃是乙烯。
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