CN104876734A - Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104876734A CN104876734A CN201510267067.6A CN201510267067A CN104876734A CN 104876734 A CN104876734 A CN 104876734A CN 201510267067 A CN201510267067 A CN 201510267067A CN 104876734 A CN104876734 A CN 104876734A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic fertilizer which is composed of fresh tree branches, animal manure, human excrements, yoghourt, calcium hydroxide, grain stillage, mixed peels, mixed strains, a biological leavening agent and a soil conditioner, wherein the animal manure is composed of duck manure, chicken manure and cattle manure; the mixed peels comprise air-dried banana peels, air-dried apple peels, air-dried pear peels and air-dried orange peels; the mixed strains comprise saccharomycetes, actinomyces and nitrifying bacteria. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the organic fertilizer. According to the invention, organic wastes such as the animal manure, the grain stillage, the mixed peels and the like are fully used, resources are reasonably used, the cost is lowered, ecologic protection is facilitated, the organic fertilizer provided by the invention is treated through repeatedly decomposition, is rich in various trace elements and organic matters, can well improve agricultural product quality and can improve soil structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of society, the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, also more and more higher to the requirement of agricultural-food, but now in order to improve output and the output value of agricultural-food, peasant household still can apply a large amount of chemical fertilizer to farm crop, but a large amount of applyings of chemical fertilizer can cause soil compaction, and the physical structure of soil also can be destroyed, cause its water conservation, fertilizer conservation, poor air permeability, be difficult to the actual growth needs meeting farm crop; And chemical fertilizer much all can flow into river along with farmland flowing water, go down for a long time and not only can cause destruction in various degree to agriculture production environment and farmland ecological environment, also can the health and safety of the crisis mankind; And the now domestic fertilizer shortcoming that all ubiquity effect is single, price is high, be difficult to apply.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof; it makes full use of the organic wastes such as excrement of animals, vinasse, mixing pericarp; not only effectively improve the nutrient content such as silicon, calcium, magnesium of fertilizer; improve the water-absorbing-retaining ability of fertilizer; make rational use of resources; both reduced cost, be conducive to ecological protection again, and the advantage will illustrated at least was below provided.
A further object of the invention is that soil nutrient lacks, harden airtight problem by using the soil improvement agent of homemade green non-pollution to improve to soil quality, effectively improves soil product thus further increases the quality and yield of agricultural-food.
In order to realize according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, the invention provides a kind of fertilizer, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: the fresh branch of 10-12 part, 8-10 part excrement of animals, 3-5 part human excrement, 0.3-0.5 part Yoghourt, 0.3-0.5 part calcium hydroxide, 2-3 part vinasse, the mixing of 1-3 part pericarp, 0.2-0.3 part mixed strains, 0.6 part of bio-fermentation agent and 0.2-0.4 part soil improvement agent;
Described excrement of animals is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 3-5 part duck ight soil, 2-3 part chicken manure just and 2-4 part cow dung just;
Described mixing pericarp is made up of the material of following parts by weight: the air-dry Pericarpium Musae of 2-3 part, the air-dry Pericarpium Mali pumilae of 3-4 part, 1-3 part air-dry pear skin and the air-dry orange peel of 1-3 part;
Described mixed strains is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 2-3 part yeast, 1-2 part actinomycetes and 2-3 part nitrobacteria.
Preferably, in described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is through steps of processing: leave standstill 24-36 hour at described Yoghourt is placed in 30 DEG C, then by Yoghourt and water in mass ratio example 1: 2 carry out dilution process, then be placed in microwave oven microwave treatment 6-8 hour.
Preferably, in described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is the natural yogurt exceeding the quality guaranteed period 3-4 month.
Preferably, in described fertilizer, described soil improvement agent, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 6-8 part zeolite, 7-9 part bamboo slag, 0.6-0.8 part tensio-active agent, 2-4 part air-drying fish bone, 6-8 part swine excrement, 0.3-0.6 part mixed strains;
Wherein, described mixed strains by mass percent be respectively the cellulose-decomposing bacterium of 35%, the root nodule bacterium of 35% and 30% enzymatic microorganism form;
Described tensio-active agent is bio-surfactant or chemical surfactant;
Described chemical surfactant is the one in sodium soap, sodium alkyl sulfate or glycerin fatty acid ester;
Described bio-surfactant is the one in saponin, subtilyne or lipid acid.
Preferably, in described fertilizer, the preparation process of described soil improvement agent is as follows:
S1: zeolite, air-drying fish bone are pulverized respectively and obtained the powder that particle diameter is 1-1.5mm, gained powder is mixed, obtains the first powder materials;
S2: by bamboo slag dry 4-6 hour at 35-45 DEG C, and pulverizing obtains the second powder materials that particle diameter is 1-1.5mm, by described first powder materials and described second powder materials Homogeneous phase mixing, obtains the 3rd powder materials;
S3: by described 3rd powder materials and swine excrement Homogeneous phase mixing; at 30-38 DEG C of lower seal fermentation 24-28 hour; by the fermentation material obtained and water in mass ratio example be to mix at 2: 1; obtain fermentation material solution; and by fermentation material solution and tensio-active agent Homogeneous phase mixing, dry at being placed in 45-60 DEG C, by dried fermentation material and described mixed strains pre-mixing 2-3 hour; carry out granulation with tablets press again, obtain the soil improvement agent that particle diameter is 0.5-0.8mm.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, additionally providing a kind of preparation method of fertilizer, in turn include the following steps:
Step one: the segment by above-mentioned weight part, fresh branch being cut into 2-3mm, dry 24-30 hour at 40-45 DEG C, drop in pulverizer to pulverize and obtain the branch powder that particle diameter is 0.6-1.0mm, pericarp will be mixed by above-mentioned weight part, vinasse are pulverized respectively and obtained particle diameter is 0.4-0.8mm, the pericarp powder of 0.5-0.8mm and vinasse powder, by the branch powder of gained, pericarp powder and vinasse powder carry out mixing and obtain mixed powder material, spray 0.15 part of bio-fermentation agent to described mixed powder material and carry out aerobic fermentation, stir, again together with water Homogeneous phase mixing, the water content of the mixed powder material mixed is made to remain on 38%-48%, fermentation time is 3-5 days, maintenance envrionment temperature is 35-45 DEG C, 2-3 hour is kept after compost temperature is more than 58 DEG C, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.6 hour, obtain the first tunning,
Step 2: by above-mentioned weight part by excrement of animals, human excrement, Yoghourt and the first tunning Homogeneous phase mixing, and the water content being mixed to mixture that adds water remains on 40%-55%, spray 0.2 part of bio-fermentation agent, obtain fermentation raw material, be 1-1.4cm at fermentation raw material surface coverage thickness, porosity is that the hessian cloth of 32%-38% carries out aerobic fermentation, within every 18-24 hour, carry out a turning, within every 12 hours, above fermentation raw material, carry out air blast process with air-blast device, fermentation time is 6-8 days, maintenance envrionment temperature is 38-43 DEG C, within every 24 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.5 hour, obtain the second tunning,
Step 3: by above-mentioned weight part by calcium hydroxide and water in mass ratio 100: 1 Homogeneous phase mixing obtain aqua calcis, in described second tunning, add described aqua calcis and mix, until obtain the mix products that water content is 38%-52%, 0.25 part of bio-fermentation agent is sprayed to mix products, stir and obtain fermentation heap, carry out anaerobically fermenting, maintenance envrionment temperature is 40-45 DEG C, within every 18 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.4 hour, until it is the mycelia of 4-6mm that fermentation heap surface produces length, stop turning, and be the transparent plastic film of 3-5mm at fermentation heap surface coverage thickness, in fermentation heap, the nitrogen that flow velocity is 0.6-1.0ml/min is passed into by ventilation plant, maintenance envrionment temperature is 40-45 DEG C, until all materials become thoroughly decomposed, obtain the 3rd tunning,
Step 4: the 3rd tunning is pulverized, obtain the 3rd tunning particle that particle diameter is 4-7mm, at 45 DEG C-55 DEG C, carry out freeze-day with constant temperature, then carry out with the mixed strains be equipped with by above-mentioned weight part, soil improvement agent mixing, granulation, obtaining particle diameter is 8-12mm organic fertilizer particles.
Preferably, in the preparation method of described fertilizer, described turning adopts self-propelled stack turning machine process.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect: make full use of the organic wastes such as excrement of animals, vinasse, mixing pericarp, not only effectively improve the nutrient content such as silicon, calcium, magnesium of fertilizer, improve the water-absorbing-retaining ability of fertilizer, make rational use of resources, both reduce cost, be conducive to ecological protection again; Improving to soil quality by using the soil improvement agent of homemade green non-pollution, soil nutrient lacks, harden airtight problem, effectively improves soil quality, thus further increases the quality and yield of agricultural-food.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
The invention provides a kind of fertilizer, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of fresh branches, 8 parts of excrements of animals, 3 parts of human excrement, 0.3 portion of Yoghourt, 0.3 part of calcium hydroxide, 2 parts of vinasse, 1 part of mixing pericarp, 0.2 part of mixed strains, 0.6 part of bio-fermentation agent and 0.2 part of soil improvement agent; Make full use of the organic wastes such as excrement of animals, vinasse, mixing pericarp, human excrement, not only effectively improve the nutrient contents such as the silicon of fertilizer, calcium magnesium, improve the water-absorbing-retaining ability of fertilizer, both made rational use of resources, reduce cost, be conducive to ecological protection again; Improving to soil quality by using soil improvement agent, soil nutrient lacks, harden airtight problem, effectively improves soil quality, thus further increases the quality and yield of agricultural-food.
Described excrement of animals is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 3 parts of duck ight soil, 2 parts of chicken manures just and 2 parts of cow dungs just; Chicken and duck ox is modal livestock poultry in life, and just and cow dung just wide material sources, and wherein content is the proteins,vitamins,minerals element of digestion and the carbohydrate of some amount in a large number for duck ight soil, chicken manure.
Described mixing pericarp is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 2 parts of air-dry Pericarpium Musaes, 3 parts of air-dry Pericarpium Mali pumilaes, 1 part of air-dry pear skin and 1 part of air-dry orange peel; Pericarp Middle nutrition enriches, and containing a large amount of Mierocrystalline cellulose, VITAMIN etc., are conducive to improving soil quality.
Described mixed strains is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 2 parts of yeast, 1 part of actinomycetes and 2 parts of nitrobacterias, yeast can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil potential of hydrogen, increase soil probiotics, activating soil, break and harden, fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempt from deep ploughing, do not harden, effectively improve soil quality; Actinomycetes can be degraded insoluble organic substance in soil, and transforming nitrite can be nitrate ion by nitrobacteria, makes it comparatively easily by soil absorption, and then is further improved soil quality.
In described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is through steps of processing: leave standstill 24 hours at described Yoghourt is placed in 30 DEG C, then by Yoghourt and water example 1 in mass ratio
:2 carry out dilution process, then are placed in microwave oven microwave treatment 6 hours, containing abundant nutrition material in Yoghourt, through microwave treatment, and can sterilization.
In described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is the natural yogurt exceeding March quality guaranteed period, can make full use of resource like this, avoid the wasting of resources.
In described fertilizer, described soil improvement agent, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 6 parts of zeolites, 7 parts of bamboo slags, 0.6 part of tensio-active agent, 2 parts of air-drying fish bones, 6 parts of swine excrements, 0.3 part of mixed strains;
Wherein, described mixed strains by mass percent be respectively the cellulose-decomposing bacterium of 35%, the root nodule bacterium of 35% and 30% enzymatic microorganism form;
Described tensio-active agent is bio-surfactant or chemical surfactant;
Described chemical surfactant is the one in sodium soap, sodium alkyl sulfate or glycerin fatty acid ester;
Described bio-surfactant is the one in saponin, subtilyne or lipid acid.
In described fertilizer, the preparation process of described soil improvement agent is as follows:
S1: zeolite, air-drying fish bone are pulverized respectively and obtained the powder that particle diameter is 1mm, gained powder is mixed, obtains the first powder materials;
S2: by bamboo slag at 35 DEG C dry 4 hours, and pulverize and obtain the second powder materials that particle diameter is 1mm, by described first powder materials and described second powder materials Homogeneous phase mixing, obtain the 3rd powder materials;
S3: by described 3rd powder materials and swine excrement Homogeneous phase mixing; ferment 24 hours at 30 DEG C of lower seals; by the fermentation material obtained and water in mass ratio example be to mix at 2: 1; obtain fermentation material solution; and by fermentation material solution and tensio-active agent Homogeneous phase mixing, dry at being placed in 45 DEG C, by dried fermentation material and described mixed strains pre-mixing 2 hours; carry out granulation with tablets press again, obtain the soil improvement agent that particle diameter is 0.5mm.
Soil improvement agent adopts zeolite, bamboo slag, air-drying fish bone, swine excrement the like waste as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and in soil improvement agent, also added cellulose-decomposing bacterium, root nodule bacterium and enzymatic microorganism, Mierocrystalline cellulose such as bamboo slag can be decomposed into cellobiose by cellulose-decomposing bacterium, decomposes further and obtains glucose, so that farm crop absorb; Root nodule bacterium effectively can promote that root system of plant absorbs the nitrogen in air, and then provide the nitrogen nutrition needed for growth for crop growth; Enzymatic microorganism can decompose the various organic matters such as farm crop, and the chemical composition such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals residual in soil can be decomposed, the mineral substance such as zeolite, shale can also be decomposed, it can generate the fermentation resultants such as multivitamin, nucleic acid, tropina in decomposing and fermenting process, and nutritive value is quite abundant.
A preparation method for fertilizer, in turn includes the following steps:
Step one: the segment by above-mentioned weight part, fresh branch being cut into 2mm, drying 24 hours at 40 DEG C, drop in pulverizer to pulverize and obtain the branch powder that particle diameter is 0.6mm, pericarp will be mixed respectively by above-mentioned weight part, vinasse are pulverized and obtained particle diameter is 0.4mm, the pericarp powder of 0.5mm and vinasse powder, by the branch powder of gained, pericarp powder and vinasse powder carry out mixing and obtain mixed powder material, spray 0.15 part of bio-fermentation agent to described mixed powder material and carry out aerobic fermentation, stir, again together with water Homogeneous phase mixing, the water content of the mixed powder material mixed is made to remain on 38%, fermentation time is 3 days, envrionment temperature is kept to be 35 DEG C, keep 2 hours after compost temperature is more than 58 DEG C, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.6 hour, obtain the first tunning, by fresh branch, mixing pericarp, vinasse carry out being ground into powder, be conducive to abundant mixing, so that the carrying out of fermentation, water content is too high or too low, all be unfavorable for the carrying out of fermenting, when compost temperature is too high, need to carry out turning, one surface temperature is too high, destroy nutritive ingredient, compost overlong time, also the carrying out of fermenting process is unfavorable for,
Step 2: by above-mentioned weight part by excrement of animals, human excrement, Yoghourt and the first tunning Homogeneous phase mixing, and the water content being mixed to mixture that adds water remains on 40%, spray 0.2 part of bio-fermentation agent, obtain fermentation raw material, be 1cm at fermentation raw material surface coverage thickness, porosity be 32% hessian cloth carry out aerobic fermentation, within every 18 hours, carry out a turning, within every 12 hours, above fermentation raw material, carry out air blast process with air-blast device, fermentation time is 6 days, envrionment temperature is kept to be 38 DEG C, within every 24 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.5 hour, obtain the second tunning,
Step 3: by above-mentioned weight part by calcium hydroxide and water in mass ratio 100: 1 Homogeneous phase mixing obtain aqua calcis, in described second tunning, add described aqua calcis and mix, until obtain the mix products that water content is 38%, add the acid-basicity that aqua calcis can regulate soil, thus reach the object improving soil quality, 0.25 part of bio-fermentation agent is sprayed to mix products, stir and obtain fermentation heap, carry out anaerobically fermenting, envrionment temperature is kept to be 40 DEG C, within every 18 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.4 hour, until it is the mycelia of 4mm that fermentation heap surface produces length, stop turning, and be the transparent plastic film of 3mm at fermentation heap surface coverage thickness, in fermentation heap, the nitrogen that flow velocity is 0.6ml/min is passed into by ventilation plant, pass into nitrogen, to make yeasting remain oxygen-free environment, guarantee effectively carrying out of anaerobically fermenting, envrionment temperature is kept to be 40 DEG C, until all materials become thoroughly decomposed, obtain the 3rd tunning,
Step 4: the 3rd tunning is pulverized, obtain the 3rd tunning particle that particle diameter is 4mm, at 45 DEG C, carry out freeze-day with constant temperature, then carry out with the mixed strains be equipped with by above-mentioned weight part, soil improvement agent mixing, granulation, obtaining particle diameter is 8mm organic fertilizer particles.
In the preparation method of described fertilizer, described turning adopts self-propelled stack turning machine process, and described turning adopts self-propelled stack turning machine process, and complete machine good rigidly, stress balance, performance safety are reliable, easily manipulation, strong to place suitability.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fertilizer, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 11 parts of fresh branches, 9 parts of excrements of animals, 4 parts of human excrement, 0.4 portion of Yoghourt, 0.4 part of calcium hydroxide, 2.5 parts of vinasse, 2 parts of mixing pericarps, 0.25 part of mixed strains, 0.6 part of bio-fermentation agent and 0.3 part of soil improvement agent; Make full use of the organic wastes such as excrement of animals, vinasse, mixing pericarp, human excrement, not only effectively improve the nutrient contents such as the silicon of fertilizer, calcium magnesium, improve the water-absorbing-retaining ability of fertilizer, both made rational use of resources, reduce cost, be conducive to ecological protection again; Improving to soil quality by using soil improvement agent, soil nutrient lacks, harden airtight problem, effectively improves soil quality, thus further increases the quality and yield of agricultural-food.
Described excrement of animals is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 4 parts of duck ight soil, 2.5 parts of chicken manures just and 3 parts of cow dungs just, chicken and duck ox is modal livestock poultry in life, just and cow dung just wide material sources, and wherein content is the proteins,vitamins,minerals element of digestion and the carbohydrate of some amount in a large number for duck ight soil, chicken manure.
Described mixing pericarp is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 2.5 parts of air-dry Pericarpium Musaes, 3.5 parts of air-dry Pericarpium Mali pumilaes, 2 parts of air-dry pear skins and 2 parts of air-dry orange peels; Pericarp Middle nutrition enriches, and containing a large amount of Mierocrystalline cellulose, VITAMIN etc., are conducive to improving soil quality.
Described mixed strains is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 2.5 parts of yeast, 1.5 parts of actinomycetes and 2.5 parts of nitrobacterias, yeast can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil potential of hydrogen, increase soil probiotics, activating soil, break and harden, fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempt from deep ploughing, do not harden, effectively improve soil quality; Actinomycetes can be degraded insoluble organic substance in soil, and transforming nitrite can be nitrate ion by nitrobacteria, makes it comparatively easily by soil absorption, and then is further improved soil quality.
In described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is through steps of processing: leave standstill 30 hours at described Yoghourt is placed in 30 DEG C, then by Yoghourt and water in mass ratio example 1: 2 carry out dilution process, be placed in microwave oven microwave treatment again 7 hours, containing abundant nutrition material in Yoghourt, through microwave treatment, can sterilization.
In described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is the natural yogurt exceeding 3.5 months quality guaranteed perioves, can make full use of resource like this, avoid the wasting of resources.
In described fertilizer, described soil improvement agent, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 6.5 parts of zeolites, 7.5 parts of bamboo slags, 0.7 part of tensio-active agent, 3 parts of air-drying fish bones, 7 parts of swine excrements, 0.4 part of mixed strains;
Wherein, described mixed strains by mass percent be respectively the cellulose-decomposing bacterium of 35%, the root nodule bacterium of 35% and 30% enzymatic microorganism form;
Described tensio-active agent is bio-surfactant or chemical surfactant;
Described chemical surfactant is the one in sodium soap, sodium alkyl sulfate or glycerin fatty acid ester;
Described bio-surfactant is the one in saponin, subtilyne or lipid acid.
In described fertilizer, the preparation process of described soil improvement agent is as follows:
S1: zeolite, air-drying fish bone are pulverized respectively and obtained the powder that particle diameter is 1.2mm, gained powder is mixed, obtains the first powder materials;
S2: by bamboo slag at 40 DEG C dry 5 hours, and pulverize and obtain the second powder materials that particle diameter is 1.2mm, by described first powder materials and described second powder materials Homogeneous phase mixing, obtain the 3rd powder materials;
S3: by described 3rd powder materials and swine excrement Homogeneous phase mixing; ferment 26 hours at 35 DEG C of lower seals; by the fermentation material obtained and water in mass ratio example be to mix at 2: 1; obtain fermentation material solution; and by fermentation material solution and tensio-active agent Homogeneous phase mixing, dry at being placed in 50 DEG C, by dried fermentation material and described mixed strains pre-mixing 2.5 hours; carry out granulation with tablets press again, obtain the soil improvement agent that particle diameter is 0.6mm.
Soil improvement agent adopts zeolite, bamboo slag, air-drying fish bone, swine excrement the like waste as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and in soil improvement agent, also added cellulose-decomposing bacterium, root nodule bacterium and enzymatic microorganism, Mierocrystalline cellulose such as bamboo slag can be decomposed into cellobiose by cellulose-decomposing bacterium, decomposes further and obtains glucose, so that farm crop absorb; Root nodule bacterium effectively can promote that root system of plant absorbs the nitrogen in air, and then provide the nitrogen nutrition needed for growth for crop growth; Enzymatic microorganism can decompose the various organic matters such as farm crop, and the chemical composition such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals residual in soil can be decomposed, the mineral substance such as zeolite, shale can also be decomposed, it can generate the fermentation resultants such as multivitamin, nucleic acid, tropina in decomposing and fermenting process, and nutritive value is quite abundant.
A preparation method for fertilizer, in turn includes the following steps:
Step one: the segment by above-mentioned weight part, fresh branch being cut into 2.5mm, drying 28 hours at 40-45 DEG C, drop in pulverizer to pulverize and obtain the branch powder that particle diameter is 0.8mm, pericarp will be mixed respectively by above-mentioned weight part, vinasse are pulverized and obtained particle diameter is 0.6mm, the pericarp powder of 0.6mm and vinasse powder, by the branch powder of gained, pericarp powder and vinasse powder carry out mixing and obtain mixed powder material, spray 0.15 part of bio-fermentation agent to described mixed powder material and carry out aerobic fermentation, stir, again together with water Homogeneous phase mixing, the water content of the mixed powder material mixed is made to remain on 38%-48%, fermentation time is 4 days, envrionment temperature is kept to be 40 DEG C, keep 2.5 hours after compost temperature is more than 58 DEG C, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.6 hour, obtain the first tunning, , by fresh branch, mixing pericarp, vinasse carry out being ground into powder, be conducive to abundant mixing, so that the carrying out of fermentation, water content is too high or too low, all be unfavorable for the carrying out of fermenting, when compost temperature is too high, need to carry out turning, one surface temperature is too high, destroy nutritive ingredient, compost overlong time, also the carrying out of fermenting process is unfavorable for,
Step 2: by above-mentioned weight part by excrement of animals, human excrement, Yoghourt and the first tunning Homogeneous phase mixing, and the water content being mixed to mixture that adds water remains on 48%, spray 0.2 part of bio-fermentation agent, obtain fermentation raw material, be 1.2cm at fermentation raw material surface coverage thickness, porosity be 5% hessian cloth carry out aerobic fermentation, within every 20 hours, carry out a turning, within every 12 hours, above fermentation raw material, carry out air blast process with air-blast device, fermentation time is 7 days, envrionment temperature is kept to be 40 DEG C, within every 24 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.5 hour, obtain the second tunning,
Step 3: by above-mentioned weight part by calcium hydroxide and water in mass ratio 100: 1 Homogeneous phase mixing obtain aqua calcis, add the acid-basicity that aqua calcis can regulate soil, thus reach the object improving soil quality, in described second tunning, add described aqua calcis and mix, until obtain the mix products that water content is 45%, 0.25 part of bio-fermentation agent is sprayed to mix products, stir and obtain fermentation heap, carry out anaerobically fermenting, envrionment temperature is kept to be 43 DEG C, within every 18 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.4 hour, until it is the mycelia of 5mm that fermentation heap surface produces length, stop turning, and be the transparent plastic film of 4mm at fermentation heap surface coverage thickness, in fermentation heap, the nitrogen that flow velocity is 0.8ml/min is passed into by ventilation plant, pass into nitrogen, to make yeasting remain oxygen-free environment, guarantee effectively carrying out of anaerobically fermenting, envrionment temperature is kept to be 42 DEG C, until all materials become thoroughly decomposed, obtain the 3rd tunning,
Step 4: the 3rd tunning is pulverized, obtain the 3rd tunning particle that particle diameter is 5mm, at 50 DEG C, carry out freeze-day with constant temperature, then carry out with the mixed strains be equipped with by above-mentioned weight part, soil improvement agent mixing, granulation, obtaining particle diameter is 10mm organic fertilizer particles.
In the preparation method of described fertilizer, described turning adopts self-propelled stack turning machine process, and described turning adopts self-propelled stack turning machine process, and complete machine good rigidly, stress balance, performance safety are reliable, easily manipulation, strong to place suitability.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fertilizer, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 12 parts of fresh branches, 10 parts of excrements of animals, 5 parts of human excrement, 0.5 portion of Yoghourt, 0.5 part of calcium hydroxide, 3 parts of vinasse, 3 parts of mixing pericarps, 0.3 part of mixed strains, 0.6 part of bio-fermentation agent and 0.4 part of soil improvement agent; Make full use of the organic wastes such as excrement of animals, vinasse, mixing pericarp, human excrement, not only effectively improve the nutrient contents such as the silicon of fertilizer, calcium magnesium, improve the water-absorbing-retaining ability of fertilizer, both made rational use of resources, reduce cost, be conducive to ecological protection again; Improving to soil quality by using soil improvement agent, soil nutrient lacks, harden airtight problem, effectively improves soil quality, thus further increases the quality and yield of agricultural-food.
Described excrement of animals is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of duck ight soil, 3 parts of chicken manures just and 4 parts of cow dungs just; Chicken and duck ox is modal livestock poultry in life, and just and cow dung just wide material sources, and wherein content is the proteins,vitamins,minerals element of digestion and the carbohydrate of some amount in a large number for duck ight soil, chicken manure.
Described mixing pericarp is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 3 parts of air-dry Pericarpium Musaes, 4 parts of air-dry Pericarpium Mali pumilaes, 3 parts of air-dry pear skins and 3 parts of air-dry orange peels; Pericarp Middle nutrition enriches, and containing a large amount of Mierocrystalline cellulose, VITAMIN etc., are conducive to improving soil quality.
Described mixed strains is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 3 parts of yeast, 2 parts of actinomycetes and 3 parts of nitrobacterias, yeast can change soil zwitterion structure fast, balanced soil potential of hydrogen, increase soil probiotics, activating soil, break and harden, fertilizing soil, thoroughly exempt from deep ploughing, do not harden, effectively improve soil quality; Actinomycetes can be degraded insoluble organic substance in soil, and transforming nitrite can be nitrate ion by nitrobacteria, makes it comparatively easily by soil absorption, and then is further improved soil quality.
In described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is through steps of processing: leave standstill 36 hours at described Yoghourt is placed in 30 DEG C, then by Yoghourt and water in mass ratio example 1: 2 carry out dilution process, be placed in microwave oven microwave treatment again 8 hours, containing abundant nutrition material in Yoghourt, through microwave treatment, can sterilization.
In described fertilizer, described Yoghourt is the natural yogurt exceeding April quality guaranteed period, can make full use of resource like this, avoid the wasting of resources.
In described fertilizer, described soil improvement agent, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 8 parts of zeolites, 9 parts of bamboo slags, 0.8 part of tensio-active agent, 4 parts of air-drying fish bones, 6-8 part swine excrement, 0.6 part of mixed strains;
Wherein, described mixed strains by mass percent be respectively the cellulose-decomposing bacterium of 35%, the root nodule bacterium of 35% and 30% enzymatic microorganism form;
Described tensio-active agent is bio-surfactant or chemical surfactant;
Described chemical surfactant is the one in sodium soap, sodium alkyl sulfate or glycerin fatty acid ester;
Described bio-surfactant is the one in saponin, subtilyne or lipid acid.
In described fertilizer, the preparation process of described soil improvement agent is as follows:
S1: zeolite, air-drying fish bone are pulverized respectively and obtained the powder that particle diameter is 1.5mm, gained powder is mixed, obtains the first powder materials;
S2: by bamboo slag at 45 DEG C dry 6 hours, and pulverize and obtain the second powder materials that particle diameter is 1.5mm, by described first powder materials and described second powder materials Homogeneous phase mixing, obtain the 3rd powder materials;
S3: by described 3rd powder materials and swine excrement Homogeneous phase mixing; ferment 28 hours at 38 DEG C of lower seals; by the fermentation material obtained and water in mass ratio example be to mix at 2: 1; obtain fermentation material solution; and by fermentation material solution and tensio-active agent Homogeneous phase mixing, dry at being placed in 60 DEG C, by dried fermentation material and described mixed strains pre-mixing 3 hours; carry out granulation with tablets press again, obtain the soil improvement agent that particle diameter is 0.8mm.
Soil improvement agent adopts zeolite, bamboo slag, air-drying fish bone, swine excrement the like waste as raw material, both resource was taken full advantage of, improve environment, the nutrition of soil can be strengthened again, and in soil improvement agent, also added cellulose-decomposing bacterium, root nodule bacterium and enzymatic microorganism, Mierocrystalline cellulose such as bamboo slag can be decomposed into cellobiose by cellulose-decomposing bacterium, decomposes further and obtains glucose, so that farm crop absorb; Root nodule bacterium effectively can promote that root system of plant absorbs the nitrogen in air, and then provide the nitrogen nutrition needed for growth for crop growth; Enzymatic microorganism can decompose the various organic matters such as farm crop, and the chemical composition such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals residual in soil can be decomposed, the mineral substance such as zeolite, shale can also be decomposed, it can generate the fermentation resultants such as multivitamin, nucleic acid, tropina in decomposing and fermenting process, and nutritive value is quite abundant.
A preparation method for fertilizer, in turn includes the following steps:
Step one: the segment by above-mentioned weight part, fresh branch being cut into 3mm, drying 30 hours at 45 DEG C, drop in pulverizer to pulverize and obtain the branch powder that particle diameter is 1.0mm, pericarp will be mixed respectively by above-mentioned weight part, vinasse are pulverized and obtained particle diameter is 0.8mm, the pericarp powder of 0.8mm and vinasse powder, by the branch powder of gained, pericarp powder and vinasse powder carry out mixing and obtain mixed powder material, spray 0.15 part of bio-fermentation agent to described mixed powder material and carry out aerobic fermentation, stir, again together with water Homogeneous phase mixing, the water content of the mixed powder material mixed is made to remain on 48%, fermentation time is 5 days, envrionment temperature is kept to be 45 DEG C, keep 3 hours after compost temperature is more than 58 DEG C, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.6 hour, obtain the first tunning, by fresh branch, mixing pericarp, vinasse carry out being ground into powder, be conducive to abundant mixing, so that the carrying out of fermentation, water content is too high or too low, all be unfavorable for the carrying out of fermenting, when compost temperature is too high, need to carry out turning, one surface temperature is too high, destroy nutritive ingredient, compost overlong time, also the carrying out of fermenting process is unfavorable for,
Step 2: by above-mentioned weight part by excrement of animals, human excrement, Yoghourt and the first tunning Homogeneous phase mixing, and the water content being mixed to mixture that adds water remains on 55%, spray 0.2 part of bio-fermentation agent, obtain fermentation raw material, be 1.4cm at fermentation raw material surface coverage thickness, porosity be 38% hessian cloth carry out aerobic fermentation, within every 24 hours, carry out a turning, within every 12 hours, above fermentation raw material, carry out air blast process with air-blast device, fermentation time is 8 days, envrionment temperature is kept to be 43 DEG C, within every 24 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.5 hour, obtain the second tunning,
Step 3: by above-mentioned weight part by calcium hydroxide and water in mass ratio 100: 1 Homogeneous phase mixing obtain aqua calcis, add the acid-basicity that aqua calcis can regulate soil, thus reach the object improving soil quality, in described second tunning, add described aqua calcis and mix, until obtain the mix products that water content is 52%, 0.25 part of bio-fermentation agent is sprayed to mix products, stir and obtain fermentation heap, carry out anaerobically fermenting, envrionment temperature is kept to be 45 DEG C, within every 18 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.4 hour, until it is the mycelia of 6mm that fermentation heap surface produces length, stop turning, and be the transparent plastic film of 5mm at fermentation heap surface coverage thickness, in fermentation heap, the nitrogen that flow velocity is 1.0ml/min is passed into by ventilation plant, pass into nitrogen, to make yeasting remain oxygen-free environment, guarantee effectively carrying out of anaerobically fermenting, envrionment temperature is kept to be 45 DEG C, until all materials become thoroughly decomposed, obtain the 3rd tunning,
Step 4: the 3rd tunning is pulverized, obtain the 3rd tunning particle that particle diameter is 7mm, at 55 DEG C, carry out freeze-day with constant temperature, then carry out with the mixed strains be equipped with by above-mentioned weight part, soil improvement agent mixing, granulation, obtaining particle diameter is 12mm organic fertilizer particles.
In the preparation method of described fertilizer, described turning adopts self-propelled stack turning machine process, and described turning adopts self-propelled stack turning machine process, and complete machine good rigidly, stress balance, performance safety are reliable, easily manipulation, strong to place suitability.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification sheets and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (7)
1. a fertilizer, it is characterized in that, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: the fresh branch of 10-12 part, 8-10 part excrement of animals, 3-5 part human excrement, 0.3-0.5 part Yoghourt, 0.3-0.5 part calcium hydroxide, 2-3 part vinasse, the mixing of 1-3 part pericarp, 0.2-0.3 part mixed strains, 0.6 part of bio-fermentation agent and 0.2-0.4 part soil improvement agent;
Described excrement of animals is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 3-5 part duck ight soil, 2-3 part chicken manure just and 2-4 part cow dung just;
Described mixing pericarp is made up of the material of following parts by weight: the air-dry Pericarpium Musae of 2-3 part, the air-dry Pericarpium Mali pumilae of 3-4 part, 1-3 part air-dry pear skin and the air-dry orange peel of 1-3 part;
Described mixed strains is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 2-3 part yeast, 1-2 part actinomycetes and 2-3 part nitrobacteria.
2. fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Yoghourt is through steps of processing: leave standstill 24-36 hour at described Yoghourt is placed in 30 DEG C, then by Yoghourt and water in mass ratio example 1: 2 carry out dilution process, then be placed in microwave oven microwave treatment 6-8 hour.
3. fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described Yoghourt is the natural yogurt exceeding the quality guaranteed period 3-4 month.
4. fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described soil improvement agent, it is made up of the material of following parts by weight: 6-8 part zeolite, 7-9 part bamboo slag, 0.6-0.8 part tensio-active agent, 2-4 part air-drying fish bone, 6-8 part swine excrement and 0.3-0.6 part mixed strains;
Wherein, described mixed strains by mass percent be respectively the cellulose-decomposing bacterium of 35%, the root nodule bacterium of 35% and 30% enzymatic microorganism form;
Described tensio-active agent is bio-surfactant or chemical surfactant;
Described chemical surfactant is the one in sodium soap, sodium alkyl sulfate or glycerin fatty acid ester;
Described bio-surfactant is the one in saponin, subtilyne or lipid acid.
5. fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the preparation process of described soil improvement agent is as follows:
S1: zeolite, air-drying fish bone are pulverized respectively and obtained the powder that particle diameter is 1-1.5mm, gained powder is mixed, obtains the first powder materials;
S2: by bamboo slag dry 4-6 hour at 35-45 DEG C, and pulverizing obtains the second powder materials that particle diameter is 1-1.5mm, by described first powder materials and described second powder materials Homogeneous phase mixing, obtains the 3rd powder materials;
S3: by described 3rd powder materials and swine excrement Homogeneous phase mixing; at 30-38 DEG C of lower seal fermentation 24-28 hour; by the fermentation material obtained and water in mass ratio example be to mix at 2: 1; obtain fermentation material solution; and by fermentation material solution and tensio-active agent Homogeneous phase mixing, dry at being placed in 45-60 DEG C, by dried fermentation material and described mixed strains pre-mixing 2-3 hour; carry out granulation with tablets press again, obtain the soil improvement agent that particle diameter is 0.5-0.8mm.
6., as a preparation method for the fertilizer as described in arbitrary in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, in turn include the following steps:
Step one: the segment by above-mentioned weight part, fresh branch being cut into 2-3mm, dry 24-30 hour at 40-45 DEG C, drop in pulverizer to pulverize and obtain the branch powder that particle diameter is 0.6-1.0mm, pericarp will be mixed by above-mentioned weight part, vinasse are pulverized respectively and obtained particle diameter is 0.4-0.8mm, the pericarp powder of 0.5-0.8mm and vinasse powder, by the branch powder of gained, pericarp powder and vinasse powder carry out mixing and obtain mixed powder material, spray 0.15 part of bio-fermentation agent to described mixed powder material and carry out aerobic fermentation, stir, again together with water Homogeneous phase mixing, the water content of the mixed powder material mixed is made to remain on 38%-48%, fermentation time is 3-5 days, maintenance envrionment temperature is 35-45 DEG C, 2-3 hour is kept after compost temperature is more than 58 DEG C, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.6 hour, obtain the first tunning,
Step 2: by above-mentioned weight part by excrement of animals, human excrement, Yoghourt and the first tunning Homogeneous phase mixing, and the water content being mixed to mixture that adds water remains on 40%-55%, spray 0.2 part of bio-fermentation agent, obtain fermentation raw material, be 1-1.4cm at fermentation raw material surface coverage thickness, porosity is that the hessian cloth of 32%-38% carries out aerobic fermentation, within every 18-24 hour, carry out a turning, within every 12 hours, above fermentation raw material, carry out air blast process with air-blast device, fermentation time is 6-8 days, maintenance envrionment temperature is 38-43 DEG C, within every 24 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.5 hour, obtain the second tunning,
Step 3: by above-mentioned weight part by calcium hydroxide and water in mass ratio 100: 1 Homogeneous phase mixing obtain aqua calcis, in described second tunning, add described aqua calcis and mix, until obtain the mix products that water content is 38%-52%, 0.25 part of bio-fermentation agent is sprayed to mix products, stir and obtain fermentation heap, carry out anaerobically fermenting, maintenance envrionment temperature is 40-45 DEG C, within every 18 hours, carry out turning, each turning time is no more than 0.4 hour, until it is the mycelia of 4-6mm that fermentation heap surface produces length, stop turning, and be the transparent plastic film of 3-5mm at fermentation heap surface coverage thickness, in fermentation heap, the nitrogen that flow velocity is 0.6-1.0ml/min is passed into by ventilation plant, maintenance envrionment temperature is 40-45 DEG C, until all materials become thoroughly decomposed, obtain the 3rd tunning,
Step 4: the 3rd tunning is pulverized, obtain the 3rd tunning particle that particle diameter is 4-7mm, at 45 DEG C-55 DEG C, carry out freeze-day with constant temperature, then carry out with the mixed strains be equipped with by above-mentioned weight part, soil improvement agent mixing, granulation, obtaining particle diameter is 8-12mm organic fertilizer particles.
7. the preparation method of fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described turning adopts and walks the process of formula stack turner in vain.
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| CN107628873A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-26 | 盘泽昌 | The preparation method of the fertilizer disease-resistant for pear tree |
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| CN110373203A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-25 | 吉林省优禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of agricultural fruit ferment |
| CN115028494A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method for preparing organic fertilizer for improving soil of difficult-to-erect land of dry-hot valley by utilizing lac to process solid waste |
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