CN104871955A - Method for spraying field exogenous hormone for improving vigor of hybrid rice seeds - Google Patents
Method for spraying field exogenous hormone for improving vigor of hybrid rice seeds Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for spraying field exogenous hormone for improving the vigor of hybrid rice seeds. The method comprises the following five steps of firstly, planting parents and carrying out artificial supplementary pollination; secondly, preparing an exogenous hormone spraying agent; thirdly, determining the dosage of the spraying agent and the spraying area ratio; fourthly, determining the spraying date; and fifthly, spraying the exogenous hormone. When the method is used for carrying out exogenous hormone spraying treatment on female rice ears of hybrid rice at the grain filling stage, the vigor of the F1-generaiton seeds of the hybrid rice is effectively improved, and meanwhile the yield of the hybrid rice is also increased, so that grains are to be harvested in the next year. The method is simple and convenient, short in period, low in cost and rapid in taking effects and can also be used as a supplementary means for breed improvement to a certain extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing method in a kind of crop seed production of hybrid seeds process, what be specifically conducive to improving Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice carries out to field plant the method that exogenous hormone sprays.
Background technology
Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area world rankings the 2nd, the Zong Chan world of China the 1st is Rice Production big country; In China cereal crops, paddy rice accounts for 35% of cultivated area, 45% of gross yield, Lie Ju 1, China be first by hybrid rice large-area applications in produce country, hybrid rice account for that national rice makes area more than 51%, account for that national paddy always produces 58%, play a part very important to China's grain-production.
Within the quite long phase of history time, China excessively emphasizes the seed selection of improved seeds and ignores the production of high quality seed, greatly have impact on the performance of breeding effect.Along with external seeds company cracks the China market one after another, China just recognizes the importance that high quality seed is produced gradually.High vigor seed is the important guarantee obtaining high yield, stable yields, shows soon and neat when carrying out field emergence.Seed vitality, as the most important proterties of sowing material, germ plasm resource, is the important indicator of examining the quality of seeds.The height of seed vitality governs sprouting and the Emergence of seed, also directly affects the growth of seedling and resists the ability of extraneous poor environment, finally affecting the output of crop.
It is reported, hormone is to the division of plant and growth, tissue and Organ Differentiation, Florescence and seed set, ripe and old and feeble, the aspect such as Dormancy and bourgeon and excised cotyledon, the growth of regulating plant, grow and have remarkable impact with differentiation etc., Rice Production and the upper various hormone of research are also all widely used, for the impact of hormone on rice paddy seed, all concentrate on research at present on the impact of rice yield or by the impact of HORMONE TREATMENT research on seed vitality after results, " Agriculture in Jiangxi journal " 2012, 24 (2): 1-5, in " exogenous hormone built agent is on the impact of early rice grain filling characteristics " literary composition that Zhang Wenxue etc. write, to introduce after fringe phase early rice beginning and neat fringe foliage-spray 4 kinds of exogenous hormone built agent (gibberellin in a week, 6-BA, brassin combines), all improve kernel grouting speed, facilitate sucrose inversion, starch accumulation, improve ripening rate, circularity and output.As can be seen here, this article is only studied from the final angle improving output, does not relate to seed quality problem.The application selects a kind of exogenous hormone to spray around the pustulation period in breeding of hybrid rice process to improve seed vitality, and promotes the raising of hybrid seed yield, and at home and abroad there is not been reported for this.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of field exogenous hormone spraying method improving Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice.
Solve the problems of the technologies described above and adopt following technical scheme:
The field exogenous hormone spraying method of this raising Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice carries out as follows:
(1) parent's plantation and artificial supplementary pollination: select the high-quality measured parental seed of purity, seedling respectively after presoaking and germinating, father, female parent press certain row than planting; Heading flowering period selects fair weather to carry out artificial supplementary pollination, continuously pollination 5-7 days;
(2) preparation of exogenous hormone spray:
Using the exogenous hormone aqueous solution as spray, the mass volume ratio concentration of its hormone and clean water is respectively:
1. gibberellic acid (GA
3) spray concentration is 0.025-25mg/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) spray concentration is 10-20 μm of ol/L,
Two kinds of exogenous hormone sprays are chosen any one kind of them;
(3) spray consumption with spray the determination of area ratio: according to the amount spraying spray actual in the area of experimental field, extrapolate 667-1000L/ mu;
(4) determination on date is sprayed: after artificial supplementary pollination 5-20 days is the important period of rice milking stage, it is the period that development of fertilized ova forms embryo, fertilization polar core develops into endosperm, also be the critical period affecting seed vitality and hybrid seed yield, spray in 5-20 days after selecting artificial supplementary pollination;
(5) spray: after artificial supplementary pollination terminates in 5-20 days, select the weather of sunny calm or gentle breeze, any one exogenous hormone in step (2) is evenly sprayed to maternal spike of rice.
The concentration of two kinds of sprays described in step (2) is respectively:
1. gibberellic acid 2.5mg/L, 2. heteroauxin 15 μm of ol/L.
The consumption of every mu of spray described in step (3) is 833L.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this method is simple to operate, be easy to grasp, cycle extremely short, instant effect, it is convenient to apply.For example, through comparative trial, spraying concentration is the GA of 2.5mg/L
3process Spring Hybrid Rice excellent 84, compared with the control, germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index and hybrid seed yield improve 9.0%, 43.7%, 30.2%, 23.1%, 34.1% respectively, the raising of visible seed vitality and the effect of increasing production of current year's production seed all very remarkable.This method can also as of a genetic improvement method means of supplementing out economy application, and greatly reduce production cost to a certain extent, not only can improve hybrid seed yield, what is more important improves seed quality, for grain good harvest in the coming year is laid a solid foundation.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment: the field exogenous hormone spraying method of this raising Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice carries out as follows:
(1) parent's plantation and artificial supplementary pollination: select the high-quality measured parental seed of purity, seedling respectively after presoaking and germinating, father, female parent press certain row than planting; Heading flowering period selects fair weather to carry out artificial supplementary pollination, continuously pollination 5-7 days;
(2) preparation of exogenous hormone spray:
Using the exogenous hormone aqueous solution as spray, the mass volume ratio concentration of its hormone and clean water is respectively:
1. gibberellic acid (GA
3) spray concentration is 0.025-25mg/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) spray concentration is 10-20 μm of ol/L,
Two kinds of exogenous hormone sprays are chosen any one kind of them;
(3) spray consumption with spray the determination of area ratio: according to the amount spraying spray actual in the area of experimental field, extrapolate 667-1000L/ mu;
(4) determination on date is sprayed: after artificial supplementary pollination 5-20 days is the important period of rice milking stage, it is the period that development of fertilized ova forms embryo, fertilization polar core develops into endosperm, also be the critical period affecting seed vitality and hybrid seed yield, spray in 5-20 days after selecting artificial supplementary pollination;
(5) spray: after artificial supplementary pollination terminates in 5-20 days, select the weather of sunny calm or gentle breeze, any one exogenous hormone in step (2) is evenly sprayed to maternal spike of rice.
Described hybrid rice seeds is 30-50 days results after artificial supplementary pollination, naturally dry or below mechanical drying to safe moisture, preserve for subsequent use at 4 DEG C.
The concentration of two kinds of sprays described in step (2) is respectively:
1. gibberellic acid 2.5mg/L, 2. heteroauxin 15 μm of ol/L.
The consumption of every mu of spray described in step (3) is 833L.
The applicant has done series of contrast, to confirm and to confirm the feasibility of this method, is now described below:
1. foreword
Improve output and the quality of paddy rice, seed quality is key factor, and the very important index determining seed quality is exactly seed vitality.Seed vitality is under field condition widely, determining that seed is neatly emerged rapidly and grows up to the general name of normal seedling potential ability, is an overall target of seed sprouting and emergence rate, regularity, the potentiality of growth of seedling, plant anti-adversity ability and productive potential etc.Therefore how to improve seed vitality by different approaches, be not only the problem highly inquired in field of biology, and be also of great practical significance in agricultural production.
Research and production practices show: GA
3consumption controls at 15.0 ~ 22.5g/hm
2, and use in cut phase or fringe phase beginning and be conducive to improving the thousand kernel weight of paddy rice, fringe examples explain and ripening rate, shorten the time fringe, and then improve output, strengthen GA
3process can improve the regularity of Rice Panicle layer, but the former can affect the grouting of seed, reduces thousand kernel weight.The research of Chang Erhua etc. shows: 6-BA mainly plays a driving role to the increase that the speed of kernel grouting and grain weigh in grouting early stage, then mainly plays a part delay seed aging and extend the pustulation period in the grouting intermediary and later stages.The research of leaf aster etc. shows: IAA can improve relevant enzymic activity, improves the speed of source organ's photosynthesis synthesis assimilation substance, promotes Translocation of Assimilates, improve storage capacity active, thus strengthen kernel grouting.It can thus be appreciated that external source applies IAA can improve kernel grouting situation.The research of Wang Feng etc. shows, the Main Function of ethene in rice milking stage process is for promoting that seed stops grouting, maturation.The research of Zhang Lijun etc. shows: may be conducive to seed in grouting high IAA, GA and ABA level in early stage and be in the milk fast, and the low ABA level in early stage and the high ABA in later stage, low GA level may be conducive to extending the pustulation period, the content of endogenous hormone and changing pattern during can Grain Filling of Rice being changed by crossbreeding means in addition.
According to the characteristic of two parahormones, the exogenous hormone solution of variable concentrations is utilized to spray the maternal spike of rice of hybrid rice in the pustulation period, determine the optimum concentration that can improve Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice by the vigour-testing method tested based on standard germination, the foundation of producing key technology system for high vigor hybrid rice seeds provides scientific basis.
2. materials and methods
2.1 material
, Y two excellent 7954 for examination hybrid rice variety II is excellent 689, spring excellent 84 parents, within 2013, carries out hybrid seeding test in Zhejiang Nong Kezhong industry Co., Ltd Yuhang seed breeding base.
2.2 method
2.2.1 hybrid rice field processing method
Gibberellic acid (GA
3), heteroauxin (IAA) be analyze pure, molecular weight is respectively 346.37,175.19.According to the characteristic of two kinds of hormones, the maternal spike of rice of different cultivars hybrid rice after artificial supplementary pollination is sprayed to the exogenous hormone of variable concentrations, to analyze the impact of each exogenous hormone on Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice and hybrid seed yield, concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) hormone concentration:
Experimental cultivar hormone spraying concentration
(2) compound method:
Test hormone: 90% gibberellic acid GA
3, 98%IAA.Owing to being spray in field, carrying times liquid being mixed with each hormone for convenience, dilute by upper table.
Take the GA of 0.28g
3, after adding the dissolving of a small amount of distilled water, constant volume, to 10mL, is mixed with the GA of 25mg/L
3spray 1000 times of solution.
Take the IAA of 0.894g, adding distil water dissolves, and constant volume, to 1L, is mixed with IAA spray 1000 times of liquid of 5 μm of ol/L.
(3) spray area and consumption: 3 repetitions are established in test, adopt the group arrangement of random district, each hormone spraying agent concentration test area is 1.0m × 0.6m, every 0.2m
2experimental plot sprays 200-300ml exogenous hormone spray.
(4) time is sprayed: II excellent 7954, Y two is excellent 689, spring excellent 84 female parents 15d after artificial supplementary pollination sprays.
(5) spraying method:
Spraying in process, selecting the weather of sunny calm or gentle breeze, a kind of exogenous hormone is evenly sprayed to maternal spike of rice.
(6) results are with dry:
After artificial supplementary pollination, 30-50 days results, naturally dry to the safe moisture of moisture content≤13% and preserve for subsequent use at 4 DEG C.
2.2.2 hybrid seed yield measures
After artificial threshing, utilize winnower winnowing machine to remove impurity, obtain its hybrid seed yield with one of percentage balance precise.
2.2.3 standard germination measures
Random selecting 100 seeds from each kind, repeat, are undertaken, sprout under 20 DEG C of dark 16h, 30 DEG C of illumination 8h conditions by GB/T 3543.4 for 3 times.After emerging, every day adds up germinative number, and 14d weighs 30 seedling weights.Period is noted preventing the moisturizing of paper bed because arid causes data error.
A. germination rate: 14d germinative number accounts for the percentage of the total grain number of seed;
B. germination vigor: rice paddy seed is the percentage that front 5d germinative number accounts for seed grain number from germinateing within peak period of germinateing, and its numerical value is larger, and germination vigor is stronger;
C. germination index (GI): GI=∑ Gt/Dt Gt: the seed number Dt that every day germinates: germinate number of days accordingly;
D. Average Germination Days (MGT): MGT=∑ Gt*Dt/ ∑ Gt;
E. vitality index (VI): VI=GI × S, S: seedling weight in the regular period.
2.2.4 data processing
More same hormone variable concentrations is on the impact of different hybrid rice variety seed vitality, hybrid seed yield, and hormon variable concentrations is on the impact of same rice varieties seed vitality, hybrid seed yield.Adopt all data of SPSS software and this experiment of Excel software process.
3. result and analysis
3.1 fields spray the impact of different exogenous hormone on Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice
3.1.1 field sprays exogenous hormone GA
3on the impact of Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice
As can be seen from table 1 below, exogenous hormone GA
3spraying concentration within the scope of 0.025 ~ 25mg/L, all have impact to the germination rate of three kinds of hybrid rice seeds, germination vigor, germination index and vitality index.For II excellent 7954, the spray concentration that each Motility Index is improved compared with the control is 0.025mg/L, for its optium concentration, now its germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index improve 9.9%, 10.4%, 9.8%, 14.0% compared with the control respectively.For Y two excellent 689, the spray concentration that each Motility Index is improved compared with the control is 2.5mg/L, for its optium concentration, now its germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index improve 8.8%, 9.0%, 11.9%, 22.4% compared with the control respectively.For the spring excellent 84, the spray concentration that each Motility Index is improved compared with the control is respectively 2.5mg/L, 25mg/L; Best spray concentration is 2.5mg/L, sprays the exogenous hormone GA of 2.5mg/L
3, its germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index improve 9.0%, 43.7%, 30.2%, 23.1% compared with the control respectively, and wherein there were significant differences compared with the control for germination vigor.In table 1, to be shown in difference in p < 0.05 level not remarkable for the identical lowercase alphabet of same row.
Table 1 field sprays GA
3, Y two excellent 7954 on hybrid rice II is excellent 689, the impact of spring excellent 84 seed vitalities
3.1.2 field sprays the impact of exogenous hormone IAA on Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice
As shown in Table 2, the concentration of exogenous hormone IAA all has impact to the germination rate of three kinds of hybrid rice, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index within the scope of 5 ~ 20 μm of ol/L.For II excellent 7954, the spray concentration that each Motility Index is improved compared with the control is 15 μm of ol/L, for its optium concentration, now its germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index improve 5.0%, 8.0%, 8.3%, 4.3% compared with the control respectively.For Y two excellent 689, the spray concentration that each Motility Index is improved compared with the control is respectively 15 μm of ol/L, 20 μm of ol/L; Best spraying concentration is 15 μm of ol/L, spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone IAA of 15 μm of ol/L, its germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index improve 4.1%, 6.4%, 12.8%, 15% compared with the control respectively, and wherein germination index and contrast difference reach significance level.For the spring excellent 84, the spray concentration that each Motility Index is improved compared with the control is 20 μm of ol/L, for its optium concentration, now its germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, vitality index improve 4.0%, 19.9%, 20.9%, 17.8% compared with the control respectively.In table 2, to be shown in difference in p < 0.05 level not remarkable for the identical lowercase alphabet of same row.
Table 2 field sprays that IAA is excellent 7954 on hybrid rice II, Y two is excellent 689, the impact of spring excellent 84 seed vitalities
3.2 fields spray the impact of different exogenous hormone on breeding of hybrid rice output
3.2.1 field sprays the impact of different exogenous hormone on excellent 7954 hybrid seed yields of hybrid rice II
Spray exogenous hormone GA
3, IAA all has impact to excellent 7954 hybrid seed yields of hybrid rice II.Spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone GA of 0.025mg/L, 0.25mg/L, 2.5mg/L, 25mg/L
3, test area is 0.2m
2community hybrid seed yield, by contrast 36.69g increase to 68.22g, 70.19g, 46.12g, 50.28g respectively, volume increase 25.7% ~ 91.3%, when spray concentration is 0.025mg/L, volume increase 85.9%, lower spray concentration has considerable volume increase; Spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone IAA of 5 μm of ol/L, 10 μm of ol/L, 15 μm of ol/L, and test area is 0.2m
2community hybrid seed yield, increase to 46.69g, 41.58g, 51.99g respectively by contrast 36.69g, volume increase 13.3% ~ 41.7%, spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone IAA of 20 μm of ol/L, the hybrid seed yield of II excellent 7954 with contrast no significant difference.
3.2.2 field sprays the impact of different exogenous hormone on excellent 689 hybrid seed yields of hybrid rice Y two
Spray exogenous hormone GA
3, the hybrid seed yield of IAA on hybrid rice Y two excellent 689 all have impact.The exogenous hormone GA of spraying concentration 0.025mg/L
3, its hybrid seed yield with contrast no significant difference, spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone GA of 0.25mg/L, 2.5mg/L, 25mg/L
3, test area is 0.2m
2community hybrid seed yield, by contrast 35.99g increase to 49.37g, 41.70g, 40.65g respectively, volume increase 12.9% ~ 37.2%; Spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone IAA of 5 μm of ol/L, 10 μm of ol/L, 15 μm of ol/L, 20 μm of ol/L, and test area is 0.2m
2community hybrid seed yield, by contrast 35.99g increase to 38.42g, 37.91g, 51.36g, 38.36g respectively, volume increase 5.3% ~ 42.7%.
3.2.3 field sprays the impact of different exogenous hormone on excellent 84 hybrid seed yields of Spring Hybrid Rice
Spray exogenous hormone GA
3, the hybrid seed yield of IAA on Spring Hybrid Rice excellent 84 all have impact.Spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone GA of 0.25mg/L, 2.5mg/L, 25mg/L
3, test area is 0.2m
2community hybrid seed yield, by contrast 9.16g increase to 13.31g, 12.28g, 10.98g respectively, volume increase 19.9% ~ 45.3%, when spray concentration is 0.025mg/L, its hybrid seed yield with contrast no significant difference; Spraying concentration is the exogenous hormone IAA of 5 μm of ol/L, 10 μm of ol/L, 15 μm of ol/L, 20 μm of ol/L, and test area is 0.2m
2community hybrid seed yield, by contrast 9.16g increase to 9.78g, 10.47g, 12.69g, 9.29g respectively, volume increase 1.4% ~ 38.5%.
Claims (3)
1. improve a field exogenous hormone spraying method for Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) parent's plantation and artificial supplementary pollination: select the high-quality measured parental seed of purity, seedling respectively after presoaking and germinating, father, female parent press certain row than planting; Heading flowering period selects fair weather to carry out artificial supplementary pollination, continuously pollination 5-7 days;
(2) preparation of exogenous hormone spray:
Using the exogenous hormone aqueous solution as spray, the mass volume ratio concentration of its hormone and clean water is respectively:
1. gibberellic acid spray concentration is 0.025-25mg/L,
2. heteroauxin spray concentration is 10-20 μm of ol/L,
Two kinds of exogenous hormone sprays are chosen any one kind of them;
(3) spray consumption with spray the determination of area ratio: according to the amount spraying spray actual in the area of experimental field, extrapolate 667-1000L/ mu;
(4) determination on date is sprayed: after artificial supplementary pollination 5-20 days is the important period of rice milking stage, it is the period that development of fertilized ova forms embryo, fertilization polar core develops into endosperm, also be the critical period affecting seed vitality and hybrid seed yield, spray in 5-20 days after selecting artificial supplementary pollination;
(5) spray: after artificial supplementary pollination terminates in 5-20 days, select the weather of sunny calm or gentle breeze, any one exogenous hormone in step (2) is evenly sprayed to maternal spike of rice.
2. the field exogenous hormone spraying method improving Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the concentration of two kinds of sprays described in step (2) is respectively:
1. gibberellic acid 2.5mg/L, 2. heteroauxin 15 μm of ol/L.
3. the field external source improving Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice as claimed in claim 1 swashs.
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| CN105638271A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-08 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Method for preventing field ears of hybrid rice seeds from sprouting |
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| CN107926348A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of vigor optimization agent for improving Seed Vigor of Hybrid Rice and application method |
| CN109496719A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-22 | 浏阳市杨阁湾生态农场 | A kind of eggplant implantation methods |
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| CN109496719A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-22 | 浏阳市杨阁湾生态农场 | A kind of eggplant implantation methods |
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