A kind of bactericidal composition containing chitosan oligosaccharide and fluopicolide
The application is the divisional application of " a kind of bactericidal composition containing chitosan oligosaccharide " application for a patent for invention, original application day: on January 2nd, 2014, application number: 2014100012437.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chitosan oligosaccharide bactericidal composition, composition is used for preventing and treating the multiple diseases such as banded sclerotial blight, downy mildew, smut, anthracnose, late blight, leaf spot, scab.
Background technology
Come from organism and the great interest of the good compound of biodegradability has caused pesticide research person.In these compounds, have no side effect, the chitosan oligosaccharide of easily biological-degradable has very large potentiality, become the new medicament controlling disease.Chitosan oligosaccharide is as the important plant inducing anti-disease agent of a class, derive from the research of the oligosaccharide of plant, research shows, chitosan oligosaccharide is in the process resisting pathogen erosion, can induction plant be excited to produce a series of defense reaction, these defense reactions synergy stops propagation and the invasion of pathogen, reaches the effect of preventing and curing diseases.Meanwhile, chitosan oligosaccharide is also the plant hormone that a class is new, has the effects such as regulation and control growth and development of plants, and it can send the information regulating specified plant function, and these functions comprise growth promotion, cold-resistant, drought resisting etc.
Fluopicolide, thifluzamide, fluorine azoles bacterium aniline, fluorine azoles bacterium acid amides sterilization component are the emerging bactericide of pesticide market, and in chemical constitution, all contain amide groups, mechanism of action mainly suppresses pathogen succinate dehydrogenase, thus disturbs its respiration.For such medicament of Reasonable Protection, delay germ to the drug-fast generation of new medicament and the control efficiency improving medicament, be necessary to carry out rational composition research.Also there is no the report about chitosan oligosaccharide and above-mentioned sterilization component composition research at present.Inventor, by the research to the composite effect of bactericidal composition, has found some beyond thought effects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of chitosan oligosaccharide bactericidal composition, the sterilization component of two kinds of different structures, the different mechanism of action is carried out composite, be expanding prevention spectrum and the effective way improving drug effect, the more important thing is and avoid or delay the generation of disease to new composition resistance.The object of the invention is to be realized by following measures.
The invention provides a kind of bactericidal composition containing chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that said composition includes A and B two kinds of active components of effective amount, wherein A is chitosan oligosaccharide, and B is selected from the one in fluopicolide, thifluzamide, fluorine azoles bacterium aniline, fluorine azoles bacterium acid amides.
In above-mentioned bactericidal composition, the ratio of quality and the number of copies of A, B two between component is 1:10-10:1, and preferably, ratio of quality and the number of copies is 1:5-5:1.
In above-mentioned bactericidal composition, the quality sum of component A and B component accounts for the 1-60% of bactericidal composition gross mass percentage.
Above-mentioned composition of the present invention can be made into suspending agent, wetting powder, water dispersible granules, aqua, microemulsion, aqueous emulsion, for spraying, fills with root, seed dressing etc.
Present invention also offers above-mentioned composition for preventing and treating the purposes of crop pest, banded sclerotial blight, smut etc. that suitable disease of preventing and treating has Basidiomycotina to cause, the fungus-caused downy mildew of Mastigomycotina, epidemic disease, peronospora tabacina etc., the fungus-caused scab of Fungi Imperfecti, the fungus-caused anthracnose of Ascomycotina, leaf spot etc.Therefore, the present invention also comprises the purposes of various agricultural fungal diseases on above-mentioned composition control crop.
The present invention also finds, above-mentioned bactericidal composition is when respective active component uses total amount to reduce, and have excellent control efficiency to rice sheath blight disease, cucumber downy mildew, wheat smut, synergistic effect is obvious.
In the purposes of above-mentioned composition of the present invention, described crop is paddy rice, wheat, cucumber, capsicum, watermelon, apple, grape, oranges and tangerines, pears, lichee, flowers etc.
In the present invention, chitosan oligosaccharide is Glucosamine is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of 2-30 by the degree of polymerization that Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting, and mean molecule quantity is 1000-3000 dalton.Current chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of different polymer, be not that is the oligosaccharides form of the single degree of polymerization in chitosan oligosaccharide, but the chitosan oligosaccharide monose of often kind of degree of polymerization all may exist.So no matter by which kind of method prepared, or by the commercially available prod that above-mentioned preparation method prepares, as long as its be Glucosamine by the degree of polymerization that Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting be 2-30, mean molecule quantity be the mixture of the daltonian high molecular polymer of 1000-3000 is exactly chitosan oligosaccharide of the present invention.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, synergistic effect is obvious: composition shows good synergistic effect in certain ratio range, improves the protection effect of composition.
2, expanding prevention spectrum: composition can prevent and treat the multiple diseases in agricultural production.
3, use cost is reduced: because of composite, there is raising preventive effect, the increase of control spectrum, decrease access times, reduce use cost;
4, delay pesticide resistance: the composition of two kinds of different mechanism of action is composite, and pathogen not easily develops immunity to drugs, delay pathogen to the drug-fast generation of medicament.
Embodiment
Following examples further illustrate of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to composition in present embodiment and purposes.
Embodiment 1 chitosan oligosaccharide composition is to the control efficiency of rice sheath blight disease
Single compound or composition organic solvent dissolution are prepared into the mother liquor of 1000mg/L.According to biological activity determination trial test, a certain amount of above-mentioned mother liquor 0.1% Tween 80 is diluted, is mixed with the concentration of needs.During mensuration, first liquid medicine jet is imposed on the consistent and pot rice plant that growing way is consistent in vegetative period, often process after 7d and quantitatively spray hyphal suspension, moisturizing is placed in greenhouse and cultivates, measure the percentage that plant leaf surface infects after certain hour after cultivating 24h.Use Abbot formula, convert percentage to preventive effect.
The preventive effect of the active component A that x is working concentration when being a, the preventive effect of the active component B that y is working concentration when being b.Relatively theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergy of composition, for synergistic effect when being greater than theoretical preventive effect with actual preventive effect.The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 chitosan oligosaccharide composition is to the control efficiency of rice sheath blight disease
By potted plant test, as seen from Table 1, when composition proportioning is 1:5-5:1, the composition of the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+fluopicolide, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+thifluzamide, chitosan oligosaccharide+fluorine azoles bacterium aniline, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+fluorine azoles bacterium acid amides to the effect of rice sheath blight disease all higher than composition theoretical preventive effect.Obviously, chitosan oligosaccharide and the composite of above-mentioned Fungicidal compounds are synergy to rice sheath blight disease.
Embodiment 2 chitosan oligosaccharide composition is to the control efficiency of cucumber downy mildew
Single compound or composition organic solvent dissolution are prepared into the mother liquor of 1000mg/L.According to biological activity determination trial test, a certain amount of above-mentioned mother liquor 0.1% Tween 80 is diluted, is mixed with the concentration of needs.During test, cucumber plant, substantially in 4 leaf phases, investigates downy mildew incidence before the 1st medicine.Carried out cucumber downy mildew pot experiment by chitosan oligosaccharide composition, and established corresponding single dose and blank, adopt the conventional conventional spray of manual sprayer, every medicament sprays 10 strains, and the 7-10d after 1 time that sprays sprays 1 time again.10-14d investigation after 2nd dispenser, whole blade is investigated in every strain, and record investigation total number of sheets, the sick number of sheets, calculate disease index and preventive effect according to following stage division.
Blade staging:
0 grade: anosis
1 grade: the scab area that is connected accounts for less than 1% of whole leaf area;
3 grades: the scab area that is connected accounts for the 1%-10% of whole leaf area;
5 grades: the scab area that is connected accounts for the 11%-20% of whole leaf area;
7 grades: the scab area that is connected accounts for the 21%-50% of whole leaf area;
9 grades: the scab area that is connected accounts for more than 51% of whole leaf area;
The preventive effect of the active component A that x is working concentration when being a, the preventive effect of the active component B that y is working concentration when being b.Relatively theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergy of composition, for synergistic effect when being greater than theoretical preventive effect with actual preventive effect.The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 chitosan oligosaccharide composition is to the control efficiency of cucumber downy mildew
By chitosan oligosaccharide composition, the potted plant test of cucumber downy mildew is found, when composition proportioning is 1:5-5:1, the composition of the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+fluopicolide, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+thifluzamide, chitosan oligosaccharide+fluorine azoles bacterium aniline, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+fluorine azoles bacterium acid amides to the effect of cucumber downy mildew all higher than the theoretical preventive effect of correspondent composition.Obviously, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide and above-mentioned Fungicidal compounds is synergy to cucumber downy mildew.
Embodiment three: chitosan oligosaccharide composition is to wheat smut field trial
Carried out wheat smut field trial with composition, and established corresponding single dose and blank, community 20m established by every medicament
2.Every double centner seed medication 20-30 gram (active ingredient) seed dressing, in wheat milk ripe stage or maturing stage, every community adopts diagonal 5 sampling, gets 0.5m at often
2investigate total strain number and dust-brand diseased plant number, calculate diseased plant rate.
CK---blank district diseased plant rate;
PT---chemicals treatment district diseased plant rate;
The preventive effect of the active component A that x is working concentration when being a, the preventive effect of the active component B that y is working concentration when being b.Relatively theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergy of composition, for synergistic effect when being greater than theoretical preventive effect with actual preventive effect.The control efficiency of bactericidal composition containing chitosan oligosaccharide to wheat smut the results are shown in Table 3.
The bactericidal composition of table 3 containing chitosan oligosaccharide is to wheat smut field efficacy
By chitosan oligosaccharide composition, wheat smut test is found, when composition proportioning is 1:10-10:1,, the composition of the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+fluopicolide, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+thifluzamide, chitosan oligosaccharide+fluorine azoles bacterium aniline, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide+fluorine azoles bacterium acid amides to the effect of wheat smut all higher than the theoretical preventive effect of correspondent composition.Obviously, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide and above-mentioned Fungicidal compounds is synergy to wheat smut.