CN104835735A - 一种沟槽igbt器件的制造方法 - Google Patents

一种沟槽igbt器件的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN104835735A
CN104835735A CN201510228626.2A CN201510228626A CN104835735A CN 104835735 A CN104835735 A CN 104835735A CN 201510228626 A CN201510228626 A CN 201510228626A CN 104835735 A CN104835735 A CN 104835735A
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igbt device
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永福
红梅
沈华
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STARPOWER SEMICONDUCTOR LTD.
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JIAXING STARPOWER MICROELECTRONICS CO Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66007Multistep manufacturing processes
    • H01L29/66075Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
    • H01L29/66227Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
    • H01L29/66234Bipolar junction transistors [BJT]
    • H01L29/66325Bipolar junction transistors [BJT] controlled by field-effect, e.g. insulated gate bipolar transistors [IGBT]
    • H01L29/66333Vertical insulated gate bipolar transistors
    • H01L29/66348Vertical insulated gate bipolar transistors with a recessed gate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/70Bipolar devices
    • H01L29/72Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals
    • H01L29/739Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals controlled by field-effect, e.g. bipolar static induction transistors [BSIT]
    • H01L29/7393Insulated gate bipolar mode transistors, i.e. IGBT; IGT; COMFET
    • H01L29/7395Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT
    • H01L29/7396Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions
    • H01L29/7397Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions and a gate structure lying on a slanted or vertical surface or formed in a groove, e.g. trench gate IGBT

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)

Abstract

一种沟槽IGBT器件的制作方法,它包括如下步骤:a)首先在N型外延硅衬底或者区熔片上进行P阱光刻,形成所需的P阱;b)光刻刻蚀沟槽,生长栅极氧化层,淀积多晶硅材料填充沟槽;然后光刻刻蚀多晶硅形成顶层MOS结构的栅极;c)光刻N型源区注入N型杂质,然后淀积氧化层或者氮化硅等绝缘材料并退火致密,光刻接触孔,刻蚀绝缘层裸露出之前形成的所有元胞的P阱区和N型源区硅表面;d)溅射顶层金属,光刻刻蚀顶层金属,淀积钝化层,光刻刻蚀钝化层,完成顶层MOS结构的制作;e)硅片背面减薄到特定的厚度,背面注入P型杂质通过低温退火或者激光退火形成IGBT集电区,最后通过溅射或者蒸发的方法淀积背面金属完成整个IGBT器件的制作过程。

Description

一种沟槽IGBT器件的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种沟槽IGBT器件的制造方法。
背景技术
    作为新型电力半导体器件的主要代表,IGBT被广泛用于工业、信息、新能源、医学、交通、军事和航空领域。目前,市场上的IGBT器件的耐压高达6500V,单管芯电流高达200A,频率达到300KHz。在高频大功率领域,目前还没有任何一个其它器件可以代替它。随着半导体材料和加工工艺的不断进步,采用沟槽技术的IGBT器件已成为主流产品。沟槽IGBT相比平面IGBT存在短路大的问题,为了克服沟槽技术高沟道密度带来的短路能力弱的问题,各个芯片厂家采用几种减少沟道密度的沟槽IGBT器件结构。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足,而提供一种制作工艺简单,方法可靠,采用减少单位面积的有效元胞数量,比如选择性的接触顶层MOS结构的源极或者栅极多晶硅横跨两个元胞结构,来降低沟道密度的沟槽IGBT器件的制造方法。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案来完成的,一种沟槽IGBT器件的制作方法,该制作方法包括如下步骤:
a)首先在N型外延硅衬底或者区熔片上进行P阱光刻,形成所需的P阱;然后通过局部氧化方法或者场氧化层刻蚀方法形成有源区;
b)光刻刻蚀沟槽,生长栅极氧化层,淀积多晶硅材料填充沟槽;然后光刻刻蚀多晶硅形成顶层MOS结构的栅极;
c)光刻N型源区注入N型杂质,然后淀积氧化层或者氮化硅等绝缘材料并退火致密,光刻接触孔,刻蚀绝缘层裸露出之前形成的所有元胞的P阱区和N型源区硅表面;注入P型杂质并激活,确保P阱区与顶层金属的欧姆接触;
d)溅射顶层金属,光刻刻蚀顶层金属,淀积钝化层,光刻刻蚀钝化层,完成顶层MOS结构的制作。
e)硅片背面减薄到特定的厚度,背面注入P型杂质通过低温退火或者激光退火形成IGBT集电区,最后通过溅射或者蒸发的方法淀积背面金属完成整个IGBT器件的制作过程。
所述的步骤b)中,选择性注入顶层MOS结构的N型源区来控制沟道密度。
所述的步骤c)中,通过接触孔接触顶层MOS结构所有元胞的P型阱区和N型源区,避免出现空穴电流集中现象。
所述的步骤e)中,IGBT器件背面金属是通过溅射或者蒸发的方式淀积的。
本发明针对沟槽结构的IGBT,采用在发射区选择性的注入N型杂质来降低顶层MOS器件沟道密度,通过接触每个元胞的P型阱区,使得空穴电流均匀分布在每个元胞的P阱上,提高器件抗闩锁能力;它具有制作工艺简单,方法可靠,采用减少单位面积的有效元胞数量,比如选择性的接触顶层MOS结构的源极或者栅极多晶硅横跨两个元胞结构,来降低沟道密度等特点。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中栅极多晶硅横跨两个元胞的沟槽IGBT结构图。
图2是现有技术中选择性接触顶层MOS结构的源极的沟槽IGBT结构图。
图3是本发明所述的选择性注入N型源区并接触所有元胞的沟槽IGBT结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作详细的介绍:一种沟槽IGBT器件的制作方法,该制作方法包括如下步骤:
a)首先在N型外延硅衬底或者区熔片上进行P阱光刻,形成所需的P阱;然后通过局部氧化方法或者场氧化层刻蚀方法形成有源区;
b)光刻刻蚀沟槽,生长栅极氧化层,淀积多晶硅材料填充沟槽;然后光刻刻蚀多晶硅形成顶层MOS结构的栅极;
c)光刻N型源区注入N型杂质,然后淀积氧化层或者氮化硅等绝缘材料并退火致密,光刻接触孔,刻蚀绝缘层裸露出之前形成的所有元胞的P阱区和N型源区硅表面;注入P型杂质并激活,确保P阱区与顶层金属的欧姆接触;
d)溅射顶层金属,光刻刻蚀顶层金属,淀积钝化层,光刻刻蚀钝化层,完成顶层MOS结构的制作。
e)硅片背面减薄到特定的厚度,背面注入P型杂质通过低温退火或者激光退火形成IGBT集电区,最后通过溅射或者蒸发的方法淀积背面金属完成整个IGBT器件的制作过程。
本发明优选的实施例是:所述的步骤b)中,选择性注入顶层MOS结构的N型源区来控制沟道密度。
本发明优选的实施例是:所述的步骤c)中,通过接触孔接触顶层MOS结构所有元胞的P型阱区和N型源区,避免出现空穴电流集中现象。
本发明优选的实施例是:所述的步骤e)中,IGBT器件背面金属是通过溅射或者蒸发的方式淀积的。

Claims (4)

1.一种沟槽IGBT器件的制作方法,其特征在于该制作方法包括如下步骤:
a)首先在N型外延硅衬底或者区熔片上进行P阱光刻,形成所需的P阱;然后通过局部氧化方法或者场氧化层刻蚀方法形成有源区;
b)光刻刻蚀沟槽,生长栅极氧化层,淀积多晶硅材料填充沟槽;然后光刻刻蚀多晶硅形成顶层MOS结构的栅极;
c)光刻N型源区注入N型杂质,然后淀积氧化层或者氮化硅等绝缘材料并退火致密,光刻接触孔,刻蚀绝缘层裸露出之前形成的所有元胞的P阱区和N型源区硅表面;注入P型杂质并激活,确保P阱区与顶层金属的欧姆接触;
d)溅射顶层金属,光刻刻蚀顶层金属,淀积钝化层,光刻刻蚀钝化层,完成顶层MOS结构的制作;
e)硅片背面减薄到特定的厚度,背面注入P型杂质通过低温退火或者激光退火形成IGBT集电区,最后通过溅射或者蒸发的方法淀积背面金属完成整个IGBT器件的制作过程。
2.根据权利要求1所述的沟槽IGBT器件的制作方法,其特征在于步骤b)中,选择性注入顶层MOS结构的N型源区来控制沟道密度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的沟槽IGBT器件的制作方法,其特征在于步骤c)中,通过接触孔接触顶层MOS结构所有元胞的P型阱区和N型源区,避免出现空穴电流集中现象。
4.根据权利要求1所述的沟槽IGBT器件的制作方法,其特征在于步骤e)中,IGBT器件背面金属是通过溅射或者蒸发的方式淀积的。
CN201510228626.2A 2015-05-07 2015-05-07 一种沟槽igbt器件的制造方法 Pending CN104835735A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105938798A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-09-14 上海道之科技有限公司 一种沟槽igbt器件结构的制作方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104008971A (zh) * 2014-01-13 2014-08-27 佛山芯光半导体有限公司 一种用于提升器件抗短路能力的沟槽igbt器件工艺

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104008971A (zh) * 2014-01-13 2014-08-27 佛山芯光半导体有限公司 一种用于提升器件抗短路能力的沟槽igbt器件工艺

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105938798A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-09-14 上海道之科技有限公司 一种沟槽igbt器件结构的制作方法

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