CN104823657A - Breeding method for glutinous coix - Google Patents
Breeding method for glutinous coix Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823657A CN104823657A CN201510215134.XA CN201510215134A CN104823657A CN 104823657 A CN104823657 A CN 104823657A CN 201510215134 A CN201510215134 A CN 201510215134A CN 104823657 A CN104823657 A CN 104823657A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding glutinous coix. The method comprises the following steps: selecting mature plump grains, hulling, cutting endosperm with a blade till the section of endosperm is exposed, dyeing with an iodine reagent for 5-30 minutes, flushing with clear water for 3-10 minutes, washing off flooding, and performing glutinousness identification on single grains; germination and seedling growing of seeds: after young seedlings grow to 3-10 leaves, transplanting the seedlings into a field, opening holes according to the row spacing 80cm*70cm for transplanting, and marking respectively, wherein one seeding is planted in each hole; bagging and harvesting: cutting off upper leaves of 1-6 single stems of each plant at the flowering stage, putting all trimmed single stems into an identical kraft bag in a sleeving way, fixing with a clip, and reserving lower leaves; harvesting stem segments in the bag at the maturation stage, and threshing for storage. By adopting the method, purification and rejuvenation and single plant breeding of glutinous coix seeds can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant breeding, relate to the selection of glutinous Job's tears.
Background technology
Job's tears (
coix lachryma-jobil.) for grass family (Gramineae) Coix (
coixlinn.) annual or herbaceos perennial is also a kind of medicinal and edible plants, and its dry benevolence of planting is called coix seed.Coix seed contains multiple unsaturated fatty acid, lipid, sterols, triterpenes, polysaccharose, amino acid, vitamin and multiple mineral element, has antitumor, hypoglycemic, Tumor suppression Angiogenesis and improves the pharmacological actions such as immunity; It can also be made into the foods such as congee, meal, cake, the long-term edible generation that can prevent and treat dry skin and fish skin disease, all-ages.Job's tears is the same with other cereal crops, and its seed also has waxy the dividing of round-grained rice, and waxy Job's tears has well glutinous viscosity, can be processed into the product of applicable different crowd, have and compare vast potential for future development according to its characteristic.And Job's tears belongs to alienation pollination crop (in is spent, when male flower is open, female flower is withered), very easily cause variet complexity, cause that the purification and rejuvenation difficulty of kind of matter strengthens, breed breeding and renewal process slow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that can realize the purification and rejuvenation of glutinous Job's tears kind matter and the glutinous Job's tears seed selection of individual plant selection.
The method of a kind of glutinous Job's tears seed selection of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) waxy indentification of seed: the seed choosing mature and plump, peels off shell, uses cut endosperm, exposes the cross section of endosperm.Adopt iodine reagent dyeing 5 ~ 30 min, clear water rinses 3 ~ 10 min, washes away loose colour, visually observes the color in cross section, and carry out round-grained rice waxy indentification by the single seed of the Color pair in cross section;
(2) sprouting of seed and nursery: culture matrix composition is humus soil and perlite, is humus soil by volume: perlite=(5 ~ 15): (1 ~ 10) Homogeneous phase mixing is formulated; Insert in plastic seeding culturing plate after matrix mixing, be filled to 2/3 place, irrigate that matrix is carried out disinfection with the carbendazim solution that mass fraction is 0 ~ 3%, 1 the waxy seed label identified are sowed in every hole, then on seed, sprinkle skim butt matter (covering seed) again, add a small amount of water moistening; Cultivating in 25 DEG C of greenhouses, illumination 12 h/ days, waters in centre in good time, keeps moistening being advisable with matrix;
(3) field-transplanting: transplant to land for growing field crops when seedling grows to 3 ~ 10 leaf age, by distance between rows and hills 80 cm
70 cm open cave and transplant, every cave 1 strain, and difference listing mark;
(4) bagging and results: in flowering stage, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 1 ~ 6 single stem, cut upper blade (packing into the part in sack), single stem of all prunings is packed in same kraft paper bag, clip is fixed, and lower blade retains (not packing into the part in sack); Stipes in maturing stage results sack, threshing is preserved.
The selection of above-mentioned a kind of glutinous Job's tears, wherein: seed cutting part is the endosperm of embryo end far away.
The selection of above-mentioned a kind of glutinous Job's tears, wherein: iodine reagent composition is potassium iodide (KI) 20 mg/mL, elemental iodine (I
2) 2 mg/mL.
The selection of above-mentioned a kind of glutinous Job's tears, wherein: the waxy seed cross section of color in cross section is brownish red, and non-waxy seed is black-and-blue.
The selection of above-mentioned a kind of glutinous Job's tears, wherein: culture matrix composition preferred volume ratio is humus soil: perlite=6:3.
The selection of above-mentioned a kind of glutinous Job's tears, wherein: matrix sterilization reagent to be mass fraction be 0.3% carbendazim solution.
The selection of above-mentioned a kind of glutinous Job's tears, wherein: transplant when preferably seedling grows to 4 ~ 6 leaf age.
The selection of above-mentioned a kind of glutinous Job's tears, wherein: every preferred 2 ~ 4, single stem of strain is pruned.
The present invention compared with prior art, has obvious beneficial effect, as can be known from the above technical solutions: the present invention, under the prerequisite ensureing Job's tears seed embryo vigor, cuts seed endosperm; According to waxy seed and the distinctive tissue reaction of iodine reagent, judge that the round-grained rice of single seed is waxy, by the method for this histochemical stain, waxy detection is carried out to the single seed of Job's tears and does not damage the vigor of embryo, only needed for 1 generation can select waxy strain, accelerate breeding process.Iodine reagent used is simple and easy to get, safety non-pollution, and technical operation is simple and easy to do.The present invention, by the waxy detection of Job's tears seed and the seed selection of waxy strain, can realize the purification and rejuvenation to glutinous Job's tears kind matter and individual plant selection.
Embodiment
embodiment 1:
Choose the Job's tears kind matter that source is different, each kind of matter selects the seed 100 ~ 300 of mature and plump, peels off shell and cuts the endosperm of embryo end far away, exposing the cross section of endosperm, and (composition is potassium iodide (KI) 20 mg/mL, elemental iodine (I to adopt iodine reagent
2) 2 mg/mL) dyeed 5 min in endosperm cross section, clear water washes 3 ~ 5 min, washes loose colour off, visually observes the color in cross section, chooses cross section and presents henna seed and carry out sprouting and nursery.Culture matrix composition is humus soil, perlite, is humus soil by volume: perlite=6:3 Homogeneous phase mixing is formulated; Insert in plastic seeding culturing plate after matrix mixing, be filled to 2/3 place, irrigate to carry out disinfection to matrix with the carbendazim solution that mass fraction is 0.3%, 1 seed is sowed and label in every hole, then on seed, sprinkle skim butt matter (covering seed) again, add a small amount of water moistening; Cultivating in 25 DEG C of greenhouses, illumination 12 h/ days, waters in centre in good time, and to keep, matrix is moistening is advisable, and transplant when growing to 4 leaf age, its planting percent is more than 85%.Choose hidding and sunny side, physical features be smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the plot of middle fertility, intensive cultivation carefully weeds, by distance between rows and hills 80 cm
70 cm open cave and transplant, every cave 1 strain, and every independent listing mark of strain.Field management comprises intertill and clean tillage, the rational application of fertilizer and the extermination of disease and insect pest etc.In flowering stage, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 1 single stem, cut upper blade (packing into the part in sack), packed in same kraft paper bag by single stem of all prunings, clip is fixed, and lower blade retains (not packing into the part in sack).Stipes in maturing stage results sack, threshing is preserved.
embodiment 2:
Choose the Job's tears kind matter that source is different, each kind of matter selects the seed 100 ~ 300 of mature and plump, peels off shell and cuts the endosperm of embryo end far away, and (composition is potassium iodide (KI) 20 mg/mL, elemental iodine (I to adopt iodine reagent
2) 2 mg/mL) dyeed 30 min in endosperm cross section, clear water washes 3 ~ 5 min, washes loose colour off, visually observes the color in cross section, chooses cross section and presents henna seed and carry out sprouting and nursery.Culture matrix composition is humus soil, perlite, is humus soil by volume: perlite=5:1 Homogeneous phase mixing is formulated; Insert in plastic seeding culturing plate after matrix mixing, be filled to 2/3 place, irrigate to carry out disinfection to matrix with the carbendazim solution that mass fraction is 3%, 1 seed is sowed and label in every hole, then on seed, sprinkle skim butt matter (covering seed) again, add a small amount of water moistening; Cultivating in 25 DEG C of greenhouses, illumination 12 h/ days, waters in centre in good time, and to keep, matrix is moistening is advisable, and transplant when growing to 3 leaf age, its planting percent is more than 85%.Choose hidding and sunny side, physical features be smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the plot of middle fertility, intensive cultivation carefully weeds, by distance between rows and hills 80 cm
70 cm open cave and transplant, every cave 1 strain, and every independent listing mark of strain.Field management comprises intertill and clean tillage, the rational application of fertilizer and the extermination of disease and insect pest etc.In flowering stage, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 2 single stems, cut upper blade (packing into the part in sack), packed in same kraft paper bag by single stem of all prunings, clip is fixed, and lower blade retains (not packing into the part in sack).Stipes in maturing stage results sack, threshing is preserved, in order to purifying further and seed selection.
embodiment 3:
Choose the Job's tears kind matter that source is different, each kind of matter selects the seed 100 ~ 300 of mature and plump, peels off shell and cuts the endosperm of embryo end far away, and (composition is potassium iodide (KI) 20 mg/mL, elemental iodine (I to adopt iodine reagent
2) 2 mg/mL) dyeed 10 min in endosperm cross section, clear water washes 3 ~ 5 min, washes loose colour off, visually observes the color in cross section, chooses cross section and presents henna seed and carry out sprouting and nursery.Culture matrix composition is humus soil, perlite, is humus soil by volume: perlite=6:3 Homogeneous phase mixing is formulated; Insert in plastic seeding culturing plate after matrix mixing, be filled to 2/3 place, irrigate to carry out disinfection to matrix with the carbendazim solution that mass fraction is 0.3%, 1 seed is sowed and label in every hole, then on seed, sprinkle skim butt matter (covering seed) again, add a small amount of water moistening; Cultivating in 25 DEG C of greenhouses, illumination 12 h/ days, waters in centre in good time, and to keep, matrix is moistening is advisable, and transplant when growing to 10 leaf age, its planting percent is more than 85%.Choose hidding and sunny side, physical features be smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the plot of middle fertility, intensive cultivation carefully weeds, by distance between rows and hills 80 cm
70 cm open cave and transplant, every cave 1 strain, and every independent listing mark of strain.Field management comprises intertill and clean tillage, the rational application of fertilizer and the extermination of disease and insect pest etc.In flowering stage, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 6 single stems, cut upper blade (packing into the part in sack), packed in same kraft paper bag by single stem of all prunings, clip is fixed, and lower blade retains (not packing into the part in sack).Stipes in maturing stage results sack, threshing is preserved, and can standbyly purify further and seed selection.
More than describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, but this example just lifted for the ease of understanding, should not be considered as limitation of the scope of the invention.Equally, any described those skilled in the art all according to the description of technical scheme of the present invention and preferred embodiments thereof, can make various possible equivalent change or replacement, but these change or replace the protection domain that all should belong to claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a method for glutinous Job's tears seed selection, comprises the following steps:
(1) waxy indentification of seed: the seed choosing mature and plump, peel off shell, use cut endosperm, expose the cross section of endosperm, adopt iodine reagent dyeing 5 ~ 30 min, clear water rinses 3 ~ 10 min, washes away loose colour, visually observe the color in cross section, and carry out round-grained rice waxy indentification by the single seed of the Color pair in cross section;
(2) sprouting of seed and nursery: culture matrix composition is humus soil and perlite, is humus soil by volume: perlite=(5 ~ 15): (1 ~ 10) Homogeneous phase mixing is formulated; Insert in plastic seeding culturing plate after matrix mixing, be filled to 2/3 place, irrigate that matrix is carried out disinfection with the carbendazim solution that mass fraction is 0 ~ 3%, 1 the waxy seed label identified are sowed in every hole, then on seed, skim butt matter is sprinkled again, covering seed, adds a small amount of water moistening; Cultivating in 25 DEG C of greenhouses, illumination 12 h/ days, waters in centre in good time, keeps moistening being advisable with matrix;
(3) field-transplanting: transplant to land for growing field crops when seedling grows to 3 ~ 10 leaf age, by distance between rows and hills 80 cm
70 cm open cave and transplant, every cave 1 strain, and difference listing mark;
(4) bagging and results: in flowering stage, often select good strains in the field for seed and get 1 ~ 6 single stem, cut upper blade, and packed in same kraft paper bag by single stem of all prunings, clip is fixed, and lower blade retains; Stipes in maturing stage results sack, threshing is preserved.
2. the selection of a kind of glutinous Job's tears as claimed in claim 1, wherein: seed cutting part is the endosperm of embryo end far away.
3. the selection of a kind of glutinous Job's tears as claimed in claim 1, wherein: iodine reagent composition is potassium iodide 20 mg/mL, elemental iodine 2 mg/mL.
4. the selection of a kind of glutinous Job's tears as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waxy seed cross section of color in cross section is brownish red, and non-waxy seed is black-and-blue.
5. the selection of a kind of glutinous Job's tears as claimed in claim 1, wherein: culture matrix composition preferred volume ratio is humus soil: perlite=6:3.
6. the selection of a kind of glutinous Job's tears as claimed in claim 1, wherein: matrix sterilization reagent to be mass fraction be 0.3% carbendazim solution.
7. the selection of a kind of glutinous Job's tears as claimed in claim 1, wherein: transplant when preferably seedling grows to 4 ~ 6 leaf age.
8. the selection of a kind of glutinous Job's tears as claimed in claim 1, wherein: every preferred 2 ~ 4, single stem of strain is pruned.
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| CN201510215134.XA CN104823657B (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2015-04-30 | A kind of selection of glutinous Job's tears |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109463225A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 运城学院 | A method of screening drought-enduring coix lacryma-jobi kind |
| CN110521585A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A method of improving coix lacryma-jobi pollination self rate |
| CN111197106A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-05-26 | 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院 | PCR detection primer for coix seed wax gene mutation and application thereof |
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| CN101637121A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2010-02-03 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for fast selecting glutinous rice seed variety |
| CN104206134A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-12-17 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | Planting method of high-yield coix lacryma-jobi |
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| CN101637121A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2010-02-03 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Method for fast selecting glutinous rice seed variety |
| CN104206134A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-12-17 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | Planting method of high-yield coix lacryma-jobi |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109463225A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-15 | 运城学院 | A method of screening drought-enduring coix lacryma-jobi kind |
| CN110521585A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-03 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | A method of improving coix lacryma-jobi pollination self rate |
| CN111197106A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-05-26 | 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院 | PCR detection primer for coix seed wax gene mutation and application thereof |
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| CN104823657B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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