CN104806244B - Filling mining method for slant middle-thick ore body - Google Patents
Filling mining method for slant middle-thick ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN104806244B CN104806244B CN201510158269.7A CN201510158269A CN104806244B CN 104806244 B CN104806244 B CN 104806244B CN 201510158269 A CN201510158269 A CN 201510158269A CN 104806244 B CN104806244 B CN 104806244B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010068052 Mosaicism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003765 sex chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a filling mining method for a slant middle-thick ore body. The method includes the following steps: (1) chamber division; (2) chamber stoping; specifically, each chamber is divided into two mining ranges respectively of a hanging side and a heading side, namely, a hanging side mining range stope and a heading side mining range stope, according to the connecting line between the hanging side vertex and the heading side bottom point for stoping; the heading side mining range stope is preferentially stoped, and then the hanging side mining range stope is stoped; in each stage, the stoping is carried out in the chambers one by one from bottom to top along the ore body; the stoping in both the heading side mining range stope and the hanging side mining range stope includes stope arrangement and three processes, namely, mining, stope ore drawing and chamber filling; the chambers are divided into two mining ranges, the hanging side mining range and the heading side mining range, for mining; the heading side mining range is firstly mined, and after the goaf is filled, the hanging side mining range is mined, so that full recovery of collapsed ores in the heading side mining range stope can be ensured, and untimely falling of the surrounding rock on the hanging side due to crush and mixing-in of a large number of barren rocks on the hanging side are avoided; the hanging side mining range stope is stoped after the goaf of the heading side mining range stope is filled in a high-concentration manner, so that stability of the stope surrounding rock body is improved; by partially controlling the ore drawing, ore piles are reserved in the stopes, so that the hanging side surrounding rock can be effectively supported, an extrusion condition is provided for next blasting, and the blasting effect is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground mining method, particularly a kind of double width for slant middle thick orebody divides to be adopted segmentation and fills
Fill out mining methods.
Background technology
For land burial mineral deposit inclination angle 30 °～55 °, thickness more than 10m slant middle thick orebody, domestic and international mine
Using main mining method have：（1）Low sub-level primary stoping, low ore deposit high sublevel ore removal mineral building method, breasting method, the Quan Mianfang of paragraphing
Post method.These methods be primarily suitable for country rock consolidate condition, in rock crusher, especially on ore body disk built on the sand when, then
There is production security poor, mine loss and dilution serious problems；（2）Upward horizontal slice filling method, Upward drift, under
To admission passage filling method.These method applicabilities are strong, but adopt that quasi- quantities is big, low production efficiency, production cost are high, especially in upper disk
Under the conditions of rock crusher, frequently, stope job safety degree is poor for ore-rock inbreak；In order to prevent inbreak, have in part mine
Reserved permanent in a large number studding in stope, and abandon to the recovery partly closely going up ore body at disk, thus causing ore loss ratio to increase
Plus；（3）Using Handling by blast force Pre-control roof medium-length hole afterwards filling mining methods.Such mining methods, mining technology is numerous and diverse, production
High cost, ore body bad adaptability.To sum up, such ore body due to inclination angle little, in exploitation process, broken ore cannot be by gravity
Realize nature to release, cause and produce a large amount of residuals in ore body lower wall, cause Ore to lose in a large number；Simultaneously as orebody thickness is inclined
Little, make limited by stope working space, generally fallen miner's skill using shallow bore hole, seriously constrain mine capacity, lead to such ore deposit
Bed selection of mining is difficult, adopt and cut that quantities is big, ore caving and ore handling are difficult, mechanization degree and working performance are low, produce
The series of technical such as cycle length, are the uneasily mining orebodies generally acknowledged both at home and abroad.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of solve slant middle thick orebody（Inclination angle is in 30 °～55 °, thickness in more than 10m）,
Especially go up disk rock crusher difficulty adopt under the conditions of safe and efficient mining methods.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A kind of slant middle thick orebody filling mining method is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
（1）Mineral building divides：Mineral building is arranged along orebody trend direction, and mineral building length is 30m ~ 40m；Height of lift 10-15m,
Each two segmentation divides a mineral building height into, and mineral building width is orebody thickness, and mineral building side section shape approximate parallelogram is pressed
Ore body division is several mineral buildings by aforesaid way；
（2）Mineral building back production：Each mineral building is divided into upper disk by upper disk summit and lower wall bottom point line and lower wall two is adopted
Width, that is, descend width stope mining（2.1）, upper width stope mining（2.2）；Stopping sequence is：First carry out lower width stope mining, treat lower width
After the completion of stope Filling mine-out area, then carry out upper width stope mining；
Described lower width stope mining, upper width stope mining all include stope arrangement and exploitation, ore drawing in stope, mineral building filling
Three processes.
Described lower width stope mining detailed process is as follows：
（2.1.1）Lower width stope arrangement and exploitation；Constructing along orebody trend direction apart from ore body lower wall 15-20m position
The outer haulage way of segmentation arteries and veins, apart from ore body lower wall 7-9m at, parallel to transporting width stope segmentation under lane construction outside segmentation arteries and veins
Rock drilling gallery, wears arteries and veins along sublevel drilling gallery every 5-8m driving ore removal, and the outer haulage way of UNICOM's segmentation arteries and veins is divided with lower width stope
Section rock drilling gallery, ore removal wears arteries and veins as the main thoroughfare of stope ore handling；In the outer haulage way of mineral building top the 3rd segmentation arteries and veins
The middle position of corresponding mineral building, along vertical orebody trend direction construction sublevel fill stoping gallery, the through upper disk ore-rock border in one end（I.e.
The upper disk summit of mineral building）；The middle position of corresponding mineral building in a sublevel drilling gallery, the lower width stope slot raise of construction, and
It is connected with the upper disk ore-rock boundary of sublevel fill stoping gallery；With slot raise as the scope of freedom, formed down using medium-length hole blasting
Width stope cutting groove；With cutting groove as the scope of freedom, in cutting groove both sides, along orebody trend with the construction of certain array pitch parallel on to fan
Shape medium-length hole, moves back from mediad both sides and adopts, every separate explosion 2-4 artillery salvo hole；
（2.1.2）Lower width ore drawing in stope：Using scraper ore removal, each broken ore is transported 20%-30%, quick-fried for next time
Broken corresponding compensation space is provided, remaining Ore persists stope and supports goaf, and after the completion of ore deposit for the treatment of all to fall, property is a large amount of again
Release；
（2.1.3）Lower width mineral building filling：After Ore goes out sky, block mining roadway mouth, from stope top section filling gallery
Set up filling piping, be 1 using cement-sand ratio:4 cement-barren rock-tailings material consolidated fill goaf；Body to be filled reaches set
After intensity, start to exploit width stope on mineral building.
Described upper width stope mining detailed process is as follows：
（2.2.1）Upper width stope arrangement and exploitation：After lower width mineral building back production sand off, have a common boundary in ore body lower wall ore-rock
Place（The i.e. lower wall bottom point of mineral building）, width stope sublevel drilling gallery in construction, in former ore removal Chuan Mai position, excavates obturator, connection
The outer haulage way of reduction of fractions to a common denominator section arteries and veins and sublevel drilling gallery；In the middle position of upper width stope sublevel drilling gallery, the lower width of next-door neighbour is adopted
Obturator, is constructed obliquely upper width slot raise with 55 ° of inclination angles, is connected with the 3rd sublevel fill stoping gallery, to cut well is
The scope of freedom forms width stope cutting groove；To fan shaped medium length hole on the cutting groove both sides Drilling being formed, with cutting groove as freedom
Face, moves back from mediad both sides and adopts, every separate explosion 2-4 row；
（2.2.2）Upper width ore drawing in stope：Using scraper ore removal, each broken ore is transported 20%-30%, quick-fried for next time
The corresponding compensation space of broken offer, remaining Ore persists support goaf in mineral building, and after the completion of ore deposit to be fallen, property is a large amount of again
Release；
（2.2.3）Upper width mineral building filling：After Ore goes out sky, set up filling piping from stope top section filling gallery, adopt
It is 1 with cement-sand ratio：8 cement-barren rock-tailing cemented filling goaf.
The present invention compared with prior art has advantages below：
(1) mineral building is divided into upper width and lower width two step is divided and adopted, first adopt lower width, after the completion for the treatment of goaf filling, then adopt
Upper width, on the one hand can ensure that the abundant recovery to broken ore for the lower width stope, it is to avoid too early due to upper disk rock crusher
Inbreak, causes being mixed in a large number of hangingwall waste；Meanwhile, under the high dense fill behind width stope goaf, width stope in back production,
The stability of face surrounding rock body can be improved；During upper width stope mining, by Partial controll ore removal, stope is made to retain ore deposit
Clitter, on the one hand can support armor rock, also provide extruding condition for lower separate explosion simultaneously, improve demolition effect；
(2) stope falls ore deposit：Arrange rock drilling lane in upper and lower width stope along orebody trend direction respectively, using fan shaped medium length hole
Fall ore deposit.Wherein, lower width stope rock drilling lane is disposed adjacent in the country rock of lower wall, and the lateral opening angle of medium-length hole controls more than 50 °, as far as possible
Reduce Rock dilution, effective releasing of lower wall broken ore will be ensured simultaneously；Upper width stope rock drilling lane is arranged in lower wall ore-rock and hands over
At boundary, the lateral opening angle of medium-length hole is 55 °.This arrangement one side efficiently solves for gently inclined orebody lower wall avalanche
Ore can not divide to adopt by upper and lower width stope and can ensure that upper disk high grade ore by the problem of deadweight releasing completely, meanwhile
Efficient recovery；
(3) divided using medium-length hole double width and adopt sublevel fill-mining method, reduce in lower wall Ore residual and raising effective
While the disk high grade ore response rate, due to workman's only operation in stope rock drilling lane, can avoid in exploitation process due to
The stope job safety sex chromosome mosaicism that upper disk rock crusher inbreak brings, realizes safe and efficient mining.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the work progress schematic diagram of mining methods of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the II-II sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the III-III sectional view of Fig. 1.
In figure：1- parallelogram mineral building；2- upper width stope；Width stope under 3-；The outer haulage drift of 4- segmentation arteries and veins；Width under 5-
Stope rock drilling gallery；6- ore removal wears arteries and veins；7- sublevel fill stoping gallery；Width stope slot raise under 8-；Width stope cutting groove under 9-；
10- upper width stope sublevel drilling gallery；11- upper width stope slot raise；12- blasthole.
Specific embodiment
A kind of slant middle thick orebody filling mining method, specific implementation process, as shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, sets level interval
60m, height of lift 10-30m, along orebody trend direction every 30-40m divide a mineral building, a height of two segmentation height of mineral building,
A width of ore body is entirely thick.Mineral building is divided into upper disk by upper disk summit and lower wall bottom point line and lower wall two is adopted width and gone up width（2）
With lower width（3）, first adopt lower width（3）After adopt width（2）.
Lower width stope（3）Exploitation process：In a segmentation apart from ore body lower wall 15-20m position along orebody trend direction, construct
The outer haulage way of segmentation arteries and veins（4）, at ore body lower wall 7-9m, construction is parallel to the lower width stope of the outer haulage way of segmentation arteries and veins
Sublevel drilling gallery（5）, wear arteries and veins every 5-8m driving ore removal（6）, haulage way and lower width stope segmentation chisel outside UNICOM's segmentation arteries and veins
Rock gallery, ore removal wears arteries and veins as the main thoroughfare of stope ore handling.Central position in the corresponding mineral building of mineral building top the 3rd segmentation
Put construction sublevel fill stoping gallery（7）, the vertical orebody trend of sublevel fill stoping gallery, the through upper disk ore-rock border in one end（I.e. mineral building
Upper disk summit）.In sublevel drilling gallery（5）The lower width stope slot raise of middle construction（8）, and with sublevel fill stoping gallery（7）It is connected
Logical.With slot raise as the scope of freedom, lower width stope cutting groove is formed using medium-length hole blasting（9）.Following width stope cutting groove（9）
For the scope of freedom, in cutting groove both sides, along orebody trend with the construction of certain array pitch parallel on to fan shaped medium length hole, from mediad both sides
Move back and adopt, every separate explosion 2-4 artillery salvo hole（12）.Using trackless ore removal equipment ore removal, in order to ensure the stability of stope, only transport every time
Go out the 20%-30% of broken ore, provide corresponding compensation space for lower separate explosion, remaining Ore persists stope and supports goaf,
Treat all to fall after the completion of ore deposit, property is released in a large number again.After Ore goes out sky, from stope top section filling gallery（7）Erection is filled
Fill out pipeline, be 1 using cement-sand ratio:4 cement-barren rock-tailings material consolidated fill goaf.Body to be filled reaches given strength
Afterwards, start to exploit width stope on mineral building.
Upper width stope（2）Exploitation process：After the completion of lower width stope mining filling, in lower wall ore-rock intersection（I.e. mineral building
Lower wall bottom point）Width stope sublevel drilling gallery in construction（10）, wear arteries and veins in former ore removal（6）Position, excavates obturator, UNICOM divides
The outer haulage way of section arteries and veins（4）With sublevel drilling gallery（10）.At width obturator under stope central authorities next-door neighbour's mineral building, from upper width stope
Sublevel drilling gallery（10）Constructed obliquely upper width slot raise with 55 ° of inclination angles（11）, it is connected with the 3rd sublevel fill stoping gallery,
Form upper width stope cutting groove to cut well for the scope of freedom.Similar to the recovery process of width under mineral building, in the cutting groove two being formed
To fan shaped medium length hole on sidetracking chisel, with cutting groove as the scope of freedom, move back from mediad both sides and adopt, every separate explosion 2-4 artillery salvo hole（12）,
Using trackless ore removal equipment ore removal, after explosion, only transport the 20% ~ 30% of each broken ore, remaining Ore persists in mineral building
Support goaf, after the completion of the ore deposit that all falls, remaining Ore is disposably released in a large number；Go out after sky after Ore, using cement-sand ratio be
1：:8 cement-barren rock-tailing cemented filling goaf.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of slant middle thick orebody filling mining method is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
（1）Mineral building divides：Mineral building is arranged along orebody trend direction, and mineral building length is 30m ~ 40m；Height of lift 10-15m, every two
Individual segmentation divides a mineral building height into, and mineral building width is orebody thickness, and mineral building side section shape approximate parallelogram, by above-mentioned
Ore body division is several mineral buildings by mode；
（2）Mineral building back production：Each mineral building is divided into upper disk by upper disk summit and lower wall bottom point line and lower wall two adopts width, that is,
Upper width stope and lower width stope；During back production, mineral building adopts substep back production, that is, descend width stope mining（2.1）, upper width stope mining
（2.2）；Stopping sequence is：First carry out lower width stope mining, after the completion for the treatment of lower width stope Filling mine-out area, then carry out upper width stope and return
Adopt；
Described lower width stope mining, upper width stope mining all include stope arrangement and exploitation, ore drawing in stope, mineral building filling three
Process.
2. a kind of slant middle thick orebody filling mining method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described lower width is adopted
Field back production detailed process is as follows：
（2.1.1）Lower width stope arrangement and exploitation；Apart from ore body lower wall 15-20m position along orebody trend direction construct segmentation
The outer haulage way of arteries and veins, apart from ore body lower wall 7-9m at, parallel to transporting width stope sublevel drilling under lane construction outside segmentation arteries and veins
Gallery, wears arteries and veins along sublevel drilling gallery every 5-8m driving ore removal, and the outer haulage way of UNICOM's segmentation arteries and veins is dug with lower width stope segmentation
Rock gallery, ore removal wears arteries and veins as the main thoroughfare of stope ore handling；Central position in the corresponding mineral building of mineral building top the 3rd segmentation
Put, sublevel fill stoping gallery of constructing, the vertical orebody trend of sublevel fill stoping gallery, the through upper disk ore-rock border in one end, that is, mineral building is upper
Disk summit；Width stope slot raise under constructing in sublevel drilling gallery, and be connected with sublevel fill stoping gallery；With slot raise
For the scope of freedom, lower width stope cutting groove is formed using medium-length hole blasting；Following width stope cutting groove is the scope of freedom, in cutting groove two
Side, along orebody trend with the construction of certain array pitch parallel on to fan shaped medium length hole, move back from mediad both sides and adopt, every separate explosion 2-4 row
Blasthole；
（2.1.2）Lower width ore drawing in stope：Using scraper ore removal, each broken ore is transported 20%-30%, remaining Ore persists
Support goaf in mineral building, provide corresponding compensation space for lower separate explosion, after the completion of ore deposit for the treatment of all to fall, property is a large amount of again
Release；
（2.1.3）Lower width mineral building filling：After Ore goes out sky, block mining roadway mouth, set up from stope top section filling gallery
Filling piping, is 1 using cement-sand ratio:4 cement-barren rock-tailing cemented filling goaf；Body to be filled reaches given strength
Afterwards, start to exploit width stope on mineral building.
3. a kind of slant middle thick orebody filling mining method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described upper width is adopted
Field back production detailed process is as follows：
（2.2.1）Upper width stope arrangement and exploitation；After lower width mineral building back production sand off, in ore body lower wall ore-rock intersection,
The i.e. lower wall bottom point of mineral building, width stope sublevel drilling gallery in construction, then in former ore removal Chuan Mai position, excavates obturator, connection
The outer haulage way of reduction of fractions to a common denominator section arteries and veins and sublevel drilling gallery；In stope central authorities, the lower width stope filling body of next-door neighbour, from upper width stope segmentation
Rock drilling gallery, is constructed obliquely upper width slot raise with 55 ° of inclination angles, is connected with the 3rd sublevel fill stoping gallery, to cut well is
The scope of freedom forms width stope cutting groove；To fan shaped medium length hole on the cutting groove both sides Drilling being formed, with cutting groove as freedom
Face, moves back from mediad both sides and adopts, every separate explosion 2-4 row；
（2.2.2）Upper width ore drawing in stope：Using scraper ore removal, each broken ore is transported 20%-30%, be that lower separate explosion carries
For corresponding compensation space, remaining Ore persists support goaf in mineral building, and after the completion of ore deposit to be fallen, property is put in a large number again
Go out；
（2.2.3）Upper width mineral building filling：After Ore goes out sky, set up filling piping from stope top section filling gallery, using ash
Sand is than for 1：8 cement-barren rock-tailing cemented filling goaf.
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