CN106761756B - A kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method - Google Patents
A kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method, a segmentations（c）Height for 6~8 m, and each is segmented（c）It is divided into higher slice（c1）, lower leaf（c2）, in higher slice（c1）Ore body lower wall side arrangement lower wall arteries and veins in connection roadway along the pulse（3）, in lower leaf（c2）Ore body on connection roadway along the pulse in the upper disk arteries and veins of disk side arrangement（4）；Along the pulse connection roadway in lower wall arteries and veins（3）As higher slice（c1）The ore removal connection roadway of back production, connection roadway along the pulse in upper disk arteries and veins（4）As lower leaf（c2）The ore removal connection roadway of back production；Disk main haulage roadway on stage casing（2）By filling Kuang Chuanmailian lanes（12）With stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway（1）It communicates, connection roadway along the pulse in lower wall arteries and veins（3）Ramp is got in touch with by Slice stoping（7）With stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway（1）It communicates, so as to form a complete transportation system.Production capacity of the present invention is high, adopts that quasi- quantities is small, simple for process, stope support is at low cost, it can be achieved that two steps are continuously exploited.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates on a kind of to the stope structure of route slicing and filling mining codes arrangement, especially suitable for unstable rock
The underground mine filling mining of layer, can be wide in the exploitation of the layering all-tailing cemented filling of the Underground Metallic Mines such as black, coloured
General application.
Background technology
As the mankind are continuously increased mineral products demand, mineral resources become fewer and fewer.How rationally, efficient, warp
Ji safely carries out mineral resource development and utilization, reduces the loss of resource, reduces the dilution of ore, improves the quality of ore, be
Exploitation of mineral resources person's questions of common interest.The advantages of method of mining by the way of filling is with its high-recovery, the low rate of dilution is higher exploiting
Breakthrough is achieved in the difficulty mining bed of value, trackless mechanization cemented filling method occurs, puts column mining with stowing
Method, sublevel cut and fill method, large aperture stage open stope afterwards cementing (lumpy rock cementing) method of mining by the way of filling of tailings etc..
On to route stratified filling method be it is a kind of from bottom to top, slicing and the mining side filled in a manner of the route of tunnel
Method.The method has the advantages that back production safety, the rate of recovery are high, dilution is low, is primarily adapted for use in：1. ore-rock is built on the sand or ore is opposite
Firm mineral deposit；2. Ore body morphology is irregular, thickness change is big, the compound mostly mineral deposit containing horsestone of branch；3. earth's surface needs to protect
The mineral deposit of shield.
The characteristics of method is slicing from bottom to top, the back production of each layering be after layered-liaison tunnel is tunneled, with point
Layer overall height across pitch or capwise divide route, spacing admission passage mining.One step drift stoping finishes Tight filling immediately, so
Afterwards again back production and fill two step routes, after the drift stoping sand off being entirely layered, then on drift stoping one layering.
The method is most used early in the mine of Sweden part, China from 1984 Jinchuan deposit Ⅱ area Experiment in Introduction this method success since,
It is promoted and applied in many mines, such as Shandong Gold Shandong Jiaojia, middle areas in Shandong Province mining industry Zhang Jia mining areas, Northern Huaihe River Anhui mining area.
The method is there are still certain limitation at present, such as：It is limited by stope arrangement and operating condition, can not realize big rule
Mould is exploited；Mining technology is complicated, and it is big to adopt quasi- quantities；Two step mineral building back production must carry out in the obturation of a step back production
Quasi- construction is adopted, security reliability is poor；Using two step back production, mine continuously exploitation etc. can not be realized；Stope Parameters are steady by ore-rock
The restriction of solidity, stope support are of high cost；Charge stratifying height is small, can not realize big production capacity filling, and filling cost is high.
For example,《Gold》" slicing and filling mining codes are in the application and development of Shandong Jiaojia " intermediary of the publication of in September, 1999
The application to have continued in mechanization to route slicing and filling mining codes in Shandong Jiaojia.The advantages of method is:(1) stope work surface
It is more, it may be achieved to adopt, go out, fill parallel operations；(2) not pillar, loss late, the rate of dilution are smaller, generally the % of 8 %~10 with
Under；(3) Drift span is small, and top plate exposure duration is short, is aided with roof bolting, meets engineering geological condition and mining is adopted, soon soon
Go out, the requirement of fast charge, safety greatly improves；(4) ore removal method is more flexible, big being communicated with ramp and segmentation tunnel
Stope (mainly mother-lode), generally uses scraper ore removal.The method also exposes following shortcoming:(1) IV class particularly poor to rock
Rock mass still can not back production, even if tight supporting of meeting head on dig up mine successfully, but loss, the rate of dilution and mining cost all will be very high.Therefore,
Industry ore body (mainly in -70~-100m stage casings) to the north of 80 line of Shandong Jiaojia, except lower in addition to practical nugget, does not have substantially
Make more back production.(2) it crosses because of mother-lode dilation and with " people " font that 3 feel the pulse, when orebody thickness increases more,
Script is often made to be placed in the drainage sump of ore body lower wall in the middle part of stope, can not just be continuing with, cause when stope mining is to half
Part stope sill ponding is so that obturation softens, and generation falls into vehicle and bottom plate adopts lower scattered ore deposit loss.（3）Production capacity of mining field is low,
Generally only 80t/d.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention aiming at it is upper at present to route stratified filling method production capacity it is low, adopt quasi- quantities greatly, work
The problems such as skill is complicated, stope support is of high cost and two steps can not realize continuous exploitation, it is proposed that one kind is complete for Upward slicing
The stope structure of tailing fill method, it is intended to realize high-efficiency and continuous large scale mining, reduce cost of winning.
Above-mentioned purpose to realize the present invention, a kind of stope knot for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method of the invention
Structure, using following technical scheme：It is arranged according to stope, along orebody trend direction, every 45~60m is divided into a stope, one
Stope arranges 9~12 routes, and the width of route is 4.5~5.5m；Disk drop shaft on being arranged outside the arteries and veins of disk on ore body, in ore body
Lower wall drop shaft is arranged outside lower wall arteries and veins, stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway is arranged in outside the mineral ore of ore body lower wall, disk main haulage roadway on stage casing
It is arranged on ore body outside the mineral ore of disk, upper stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway is arranged in outside the mineral ore of a stage casing ore body lower wall.With
Traditionally to route stratified filling method stope structure the difference lies in：The height of one segmentation in the stage casing is 6~8 m,
And each is divided into higher slice, lower leaf, the connection roadway along the pulse in the arrangement lower wall arteries and veins of the ore body lower wall side of higher slice,
The connection roadway along the pulse in disk arteries and veins in the arrangement of disk side on the ore body of lower leaf；In lower wall arteries and veins along the pulse connection roadway as higher slice back production
Ore removal connection roadway, ore removal connection roadway of the connection roadway as lower leaf back production along the pulse in upper disk arteries and veins；Disk main haulage roadway leads on stage casing
It crosses dress Kuang Chuanmailian lanes to communicate with stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway, connection roadway gets in touch with ramp by Slice stoping along the pulse in lower wall arteries and veins
It is communicated with stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway, so as to form a complete transportation system；Each stope lower wall centre position arrangement one
Item filling and the ventilation shaft of stope return air, as filling piping arrangement and the main thoroughfare of stope return air.
Above-mentioned 7~8 m of height being each segmented is preferred, wherein higher slice, lower leaf 3.5~4 m of height be advisable.
Preferably stope structure parameter of the invention is：Along orebody trend direction, a stope is divided into per 50m, one is adopted
Field 10 routes of arrangement, the width of route is 5m；The height being each segmented is 7~8m, and higher slice height is 3.5m, and lower leaf is high
It spends for 3.5~4.5m.
A kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method of the invention is adopted using after following technical scheme
Mining type becomes：
1）A segmentation exploitation is merged into higher slice, lower leaf, a step is exploited higher slice, divided on higher slice first
After layer drift stoping, supporting is first carried out, then exploit lower leaf to higher slice top plate or tunneling boring according to ore stability
Route ore body；
2）According to the stability of ore in same panel horizontal direction, select the mode of one stop panel or two stop panel into
Row back production after the completion of a step higher slice mineral building, lower leaf mineral building back production, carries out consolidated fill, it is strong that obturation reaches maintenance
The back production of adjacent mineral building is carried out after degree immediately, realizes continuous exploitation, one is segmented after the completion of complete extraction, and the unified layer that rises carries out
Slice drift actual mining to reduce the quasi- quantities of adopting of two step pillar recoveries, improves back production efficiency, reduces mining cost.
Higher slice uses the horizontal rock drilling of drill jumbo, and such as Boomer281 Fully-hydraulic drilling rigs, lateral aperture falls ore deposit；Lower point
For layer drift stoping using lower to upright opening rock drilling drawing back, lateral caving, layer height can increase to 4.5m, reduce primary
Topmast shield is protected, and the lower leaf back production explosion scope of freedom is more, improve blasting efficiency, reduce construction cost.Rendrock is selected
Emulsion, detonation is using nonel tube segmentation detonation.
It is more than the nugget of 15m, the vertical orebody trend arrangement of stope for horizontal breadth, length of stope is the horizontal thickness of ore body
Degree；When ore body horizontal breadth is excessive, multiple panels should be divided by the principle no more than 60m.
A kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method of the invention, is layered on traditional to route
Stope structure parameter optimization has been carried out on the basis of cemented filling mining method, has simplified mining technique, has reduced stope support work
Journey amount and quasi- quantities is adopted, so as to reduce mining cost, filling height of lift is increased to 7~8m by 3 traditional~5m, improves
Pack effectiveness and mining production efficiency have ensured mining safety and the rate of extraction, reduce ore dilution rate.
Compared with being traditionally layered cemented-method to route, the present invention is a kind of to be used for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling
The stope structure of method is suitable for opposite route Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method, it can be achieved that two steps are continuously exploited, and has
Advantages below：
（1）Stope structure parameter is optimized, upper and lower two layerings merge back production, and higher slice height is 3.5m, under
Layer height is 3.5~4.5m；Sublevel fill stoping highly reaches 7.0-8.0m；Route width is still 5m, can be according to ore-rock stability
The appropriate parameter that increases is to 6~7m.
（2）Mining technology is simple, and higher slice uses the horizontal rock drilling of drill jumbo, and lower leaf is adopted using lower to vertical rock drilling
Miner's skill is simpler, and Stope chute is arranged in outside arteries and veins, convenient for mine management.
（3）Production capacity of mining field increases substantially.Higher slice back production is on to route layering consolidated fill process for stoping one
It causes, lower leaf back production is using lower to vertical rock drilling drawing back, and back production efficiency is higher, and production capacity has obtained larger carry
Height by consolidated fill, realizes continuous exploitation, can greatly improve the production capacity in mine, accomplish scale production.
（4）Quasi- quantities is adopted to reduce.After a step mineral building back production terminates filling, obturation is stood after reaching curing strength
The back production of adjacent mineral building is carried out, realizes continuous mining technology, reduce two step mineral building back production adopts quasi- quantities, adopts quasi- work
Journey amount, which is compared to route layering cemented-method, reduces about 1/3rd.
（5）Stope support cost is greatly reduced.It is of the invention to merge exploitation using upper and lower two layerings, divide in first back production
Layer protect after topmast shield, and back production lower leaf ore body does not need to carry out shield top again, according to stope structure parameter, every 7m~
8m carries out primary shield topmast shield, and support engineering amount, which is compared to route slicing and filling, reduces about 40%, greatly reduce supporting into
This.
（5）The rate of extraction greatly improves.Stope chute is arranged in the outer rock of arteries and veins, arranges a Tiao Chuanmai lanes with adopting every 50m
The contact of drop shaft need to only reserve Chuan Mai lanes bottom structure, and realize continuous mining technology, be not required to reserved studding and fore-set, can be with
Greatly improve the mining rate of extraction.
（6）The rate of dilution substantially reduces.Using route slicing and filling, continuously exploitation can greatly reduce the incorporation rate of barren rock, drop
The rate of dilution of low ore.
（7）Mining safety improves.The present invention can realize continuous exploitation, reduce the safety wind of two step mineral building back production
Danger.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of stope structure side view for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of stope structure vertical view for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method.
Fig. 3 is a kind of stope structure front view for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method.
Reference numeral is：1- stage casings lower wall main haulage roadway；Disk main haulage roadway on 2- stage casings；It is got in touch with along the pulse in 3- lower wall arteries and veins
Lane；Along the pulse connection roadway in the upper disk arteries and veins of 4-；The upper stage casing lower wall main haulage roadways of 5-；6- wears arteries and veins transportation roadway ore pillar；7- Slice stopings are got in touch with
Ramp；8- lower wall drop shafts；The upper disk drop shafts of 9-；10- higher slice stopes；11- lower leaf stopes；12- fills ore deposit
Chuan Mailian lanes；13- stope filling ventilation shafts；14- obturations；15- bodies to be dug up mine；16- lower leaf back production blastholes；S- stopes；b-
Route；C- is segmented；c1Higher slice；c2Lower leaf.
Specific embodiment
To further describe the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Central China submarine volcano sections mineral deposit, mine engineering complicated geology, the grade of ore is low, and ore body inclines in slow
Tiltedly, tilt distribution and ore interlayer is more, ore body are in direct contact that roof and floor country rock stability is poor, and upper disk roof fall is more serious, and
Mining area periphery is mostly village and farmland, and surrounding enviroment are complicated.
Mine is used to the exploitation of route stratified filling method, Two step mining early period, per slice drift one stop panel, production
Ability is about 3000t/d, is influenced and operating condition limits due to being arranged by stope, can not realize large scale mining, and every
Layer is changed after slicing and filling immediately, causes two step mineral building back production difficulty larger.
In view of the above problems, the present invention carries out technological improvement to former mining methods, it is complete opposite route Upward slicing has been invented
Tailing cemented filling mining codes.
A kind of stope structure vertical view for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 is simultaneously tied
Close Fig. 2, Fig. 3 find out, the present invention use stope structure parameter, adopt quasi- engineering, process for stoping is respectively：
（1）Stope structure parameter：It is arranged according to stope, along orebody trend direction, is divided into a stope S per 50m, one
Stope S arranges 10 route b, and the width of route b is 5m, and 7 m are the height of a segmentation c；By each segmentation c point for upper point
Layer c1, lower leaf c2, divide higher slice and the opposite drift stoping of lower leaf, higher slice c1, lower leaf c2Height be all 3.5m.
（2）Adopt quasi- engineering：Disk drop shaft 9 on being arranged outside the arteries and veins of disk on ore body, arranges lower wall drop shaft outside ore body lower wall arteries and veins
8, stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway 1 is arranged in outside the mineral ore of ore body lower wall, and disk main haulage roadway 2 is arranged in the ore deposit of disk on ore body on stage casing
Outside arteries and veins, upper stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway 5 is arranged in outside the mineral ore of a stage casing ore body lower wall.In higher slice c1Ore body lower wall
Along the pulse connection roadway 3 in the arrangement lower wall arteries and veins of side, in lower leaf c2Ore body on connection roadway 4 along the pulse in the upper disk arteries and veins of disk side arrangement；
Connection roadway 3 is used as higher slice c along the pulse in lower wall arteries and veins1The ore removal connection roadway of back production, connection roadway 4 is used as lower leaf along the pulse in upper disk arteries and veins
c2The ore removal connection roadway of back production；Dress Kuang Chuanmailian lanes 12 are arranged in the lower section for wearing arteries and veins transportation roadway ore pillar 6, disk main haulage roadway on stage casing
2 are communicated by filling Kuang Chuanmailian lanes 12 with stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway 1, and connection roadway 3 is joined by Slice stoping along the pulse in lower wall arteries and veins
Network ramp 7 is communicated with stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway 1, so as to form a complete transportation system；Among each stope lower wall
One filling of location arrangements and the ventilation shaft 13 of stope return air, as filling piping arrangement and the main thoroughfare of stope return air.
（3）Process for stoping：By higher slice c1, lower leaf c2A segmentation c exploitation is merged into, a step is exploited point first
Layer c1, in higher slice higher slice c1After drift stoping, first higher slice top plate or tunneling boring are carried out according to ore stability
Supporting, then exploit lower leaf c2Route ore body；According to the stability of ore in same panel horizontal direction, select one stop panel or
The mode of person's two stop panel carries out back production, in a step higher slice c1Mineral building, lower leaf c2After the completion of mineral building back production, carry out cementing
Filling, obturation reach the back production for carrying out adjacent mineral building after curing strength immediately, realize continuous exploitation, a segmentation complete extraction
After the completion, the unified layer that rises carries out higher slice drift stoping work.
Higher slice c1Using the horizontal rock drilling of drill jumbo, lateral aperture falls ore deposit；Lower leaf c2Drift stoping is using lower to upright opening
Rock drilling drawing back, lateral caving.
Process for stoping is specially：
A. driling explosion：Using Boomer281 Fully-hydraulic drilling rigs, seven teeth drill bits of D45mm, drill steel model are selected
R38/T38-H35-R32, length 3.7m, higher slice c1Ore deposit, borehole depth 3.7m are fallen using lateral aperture.Lower leaf c2Under
To vertical parallel hole-lower leaf back production blasthole 16, hole depth 3.5m, lateral caving, drawing back once collapses 4 rounds, about 6m.
Rendrock selects emulsion, and detonation is using nonel tube segmentation detonation, and it is one section to fall ore deposit eye, and periphery control eye is two
Section.Higher slice c1Divide 5 sections of detonations, wherein single order keyhole and second order keyhole is respectively one section, and reliever is divided to two sections of detonations, periphery
One section of eye.Lower leaf c2Back production, side eye and falls ore deposit blasthole and is divided to two sections of detonations, and adjacent stope or obturation is protected not to be destroyed,
Strengthen the stability of stope and reduce the rate of dilution.
B. stope ventilation：Pressure differential is formed using mine ventilation system to complete.It is fresh distinguished and admirable through stage casing lower wall fortune
Disk main haulage roadway 2, dress Kuang Chuanmailian lanes 12, Slice stoping contact ramp 7 enter stope in defeated main entry 1, stage casing, divide in cleaning
Waste air after layer stope 10, lower leaf stope 11, upper stage casing return air system is discharged to through stope filling ventilation shaft 13
In system.
C. roof control：Divide higher slice c in one segmentation c1, lower leaf c2Two opposite back production of layering, higher slice c1Back production
When, anchor pole or anchor net tunneling boring supporting must be carried out to Stope roof.Far from tomography or country rock in stope, using anchor pole branch
Shield uses bolting with wire mesh mode at tomography or country rock.Lower leaf c2The observation to top plate is strengthened in back production before each ore removal,
Deform or supporting destroy when should carry out consolidation process immediately.
D. ore drawing in stope：Stope broken ore is discharged into lower wall through dress Kuang Chuanmailian lanes 12 after being filled by WJD-2 scrapers mechanical shovel and slips
Well 8 is directly discharged into direct route drop shaft in the arteries and veins in stope, then the vibration ore dumping machine from being located at drop shaft bottom leads to mine car ore drawing
It crosses locomotive haulage and is transported to main shaft.To reduce impact of the ore to vibrating bottom ore drawing machine and drop shaft, lower wall drop shaft 8, upper disk slip
Well 9 should remain full of state.Each panel is equipped with a scraper, and the ore that stope is fallen is filled by scraper mechanical shovel, is worn through filling ore deposit
Mai Lian lanes 12 are transported to lower wall drop shaft 8 and unload.The control of ore removal lumpiness, hereinafter, more than 400mm, carries out two in 400mm in stope
Separate explosion processing.
（4）Stope filling：Admission passage filling can be carried out by proportioning after the completion of all filling preparations, continuously filled necessary
It is well-organized.Station filler reserve status is prepared according to earth's surface filling slurry and when admission passage filling volume determines continuously to fill
Between.One step adopts the 28d compression strength of admission passage filling body 14 not less than 1.0MPa, and two steps adopt route and carry out Non cemented filling, stope
First, two steps adopt route and carry out top dressing filling 28d compression strength not less than 1.5 MPa, face thickness 40cm are poured, in favor of higher slice
The walking of trackless equipment during back production.All admission passage fillings finish rear enclosed connecting taxiway, with same method charge stratifying connecting taxiway, system
One liter of layer carries out higher slice drift stoping work, the body to be dug up mine 15 on back production top.
Coordinate efficient mechanical rock drilling shovel dress equipment by improving process for stoping, mine is after using the method, production capacity
It being improved by original 3000t/d to 5000t/d, the rate of recovery improves 1%, and dilution reduces 2%, and production cost reduces about 20%,
Achieve extraordinary technology, economic effect.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method is arranged according to stope, along orebody trend side
To every 45~60m is divided into a stope（S）, stope (S) 9~12 routes of arrangement（b）, route（b）Width be
4.5~5.5m；Disk drop shaft on being arranged outside the arteries and veins of disk on ore body（9）, lower wall drop shaft is arranged outside ore body lower wall arteries and veins（8）, stage casing
Lower wall main haulage roadway（1）It is arranged in outside the mineral ore of ore body lower wall, disk main haulage roadway on stage casing（2）It is arranged in the mineral ore of disk on ore body
Outside, upper stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway（5）It is arranged in outside the mineral ore of a stage casing ore body lower wall, it is characterised in that：The stage casing
One segmentation（c）Height for 6~8 m, and each is segmented（c）It is divided into higher slice（c1）, lower leaf（c2）, at upper point
Layer（c1）Ore body lower wall side arrangement lower wall arteries and veins in connection roadway along the pulse（3）, in lower leaf（c2）Ore body on disk side arrangement on
Along the pulse connection roadway in disk arteries and veins（4）；Along the pulse connection roadway in lower wall arteries and veins（3）As higher slice（c1）The ore removal connection roadway of back production, upper disk
Along the pulse connection roadway in arteries and veins（4）As lower leaf（c2）The ore removal connection roadway of back production；Disk main haulage roadway on stage casing（2）It is worn by filling ore deposit
Mai Lian lanes（12）With stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway（1）It communicates, connection roadway along the pulse in lower wall arteries and veins（3）Slope is got in touch with by Slice stoping
Road（7）With stage casing lower wall main haulage roadway（1）It communicates, so as to form a complete transportation system；Each stope lower wall interposition
Put the ventilation shaft of one filling of arrangement and stope return air（13）, as filling piping arrangement and the main thoroughfare of stope return air.
2. a kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method as described in claim 1, feature exist
In：Each segmentation（c）Height for 7~8 m, wherein higher slice（c1）, lower leaf（c2）Height be 3.5~4 m.
3. a kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Each segmentation（c）Height for 7~8 m, wherein higher slice（c1）It is highly 3.5m, lower leaf（c2）Highly it is 3.5~4.5m.
4. a kind of stope structure for Upward slicing all-tailing cemented filling method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Along orebody trend direction, a stope is divided into per 50m（S）, stope (S) 10 routes of arrangement（b）, route（b）Width
It spends for 5m；The height being each segmented be 7~8m, higher slice（c1）It is highly 3.5m, lower leaf（c2）Highly it is 3.5~4.5m.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108708726B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2019-07-19 | 中南大学 | A kind of double-layer double-direction horizontal slices open stope afterwards filling mining methods |
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