CN111005720A - Mining method for combined application of multiple apertures of medium-thickness ore body inclined to gentle dip - Google Patents
Mining method for combined application of multiple apertures of medium-thickness ore body inclined to gentle dip Download PDFInfo
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- CN111005720A CN111005720A CN201911153540.2A CN201911153540A CN111005720A CN 111005720 A CN111005720 A CN 111005720A CN 201911153540 A CN201911153540 A CN 201911153540A CN 111005720 A CN111005720 A CN 111005720A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
Abstract
The invention provides a mining method for a plurality of combined application of apertures of a medium-thickness ore body inclined to a gentle dip, which comprises the following steps: s1 delineating the ore body; constructing a rock drilling chamber at the middle section of S2; and S3 distributing holes. The method adopts multiple sections from bottom to top to carry out rock drilling and blasting on the medium-thickness ore body inclined to the gentle inclination, so that the delineation of the ore body is more consistent with the real state; the drilling chamber is more reasonably arranged, so that the construction amount of the chamber is reduced; the control of the large block rate in the blasting process is facilitated; the stope structure is more flexible in arrangement, and the loss rate of ores in the stope can be controlled; the waste rock penetrated by the holes is less, the waste holes are reduced, and the dilution rate of the ore is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a mining method for the combined application of multiple apertures of a medium-thickness ore body inclined to a gentle dip.
Background
In the prior art, the mining difficulty of the medium-thickness ore body inclined to the gentle inclination is high, the mining is usually carried out by a method of subsequent filling of a large-diameter deep hole stage ore room at present, a large-diameter deep hole (phi 165mm) is directly used for rock drilling, vertical deep holes are arranged, in the rock drilling process, a large amount of waste rocks penetrate through a top plate waste rock layer to a bottom plate ore layer directly, the waste hole rate is as high as 60%, and the exposed area of a top plate is large; a rock drilling chamber for drilling the top plate is arranged, the length of the corresponding chamber is mostly in waste rocks, and in order to meet the working requirement of a deep hole drilling machine, the length and the width of the rock drilling chamber are required to be lengthened; in the blasting engineering, in order to form a descending slope angle, the waste rock needs to be blasted, so that a large amount of waste rock is mixed into the ore, and the dilution rate of the ore is increased.
The invention provides a new solution for solving the problems of high waste porosity, large exposed area of a top plate, large excavation amount of a chamber and high ore dilution rate of an exploitation method of a medium-thick ore body inclined to a gentle inclination in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mining method for the combined application of multiple apertures of a medium-thickness ore body inclined to a gentle dip.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
a mining method using a combination of multiple apertures for a medium-thickness ore body inclined to a gentle dip, the method comprising the steps of:
s1 delineating ore body
Constructing a first section from a top rock drilling layer, the first section comprising: a first communication channel, a first drilling chamber; during the construction process of the first subsection, a geological technician tracks the change of an ore body and adjusts the specification and the position of the first drilling chamber in time; meanwhile, a mine removal access and a trench are constructed on the mine removal layer at the bottom, and the rock drilling layer ore body is delineated from the top rock drilling layer and the mine removal layer at the bottom;
s2 construction of middle section rock drilling chamber
According to the ore body form of delineating, when confirming the ore body for inclining to the gentle slope medium thickness ore body, construct the second subsection at the suitable height of interlude, the second subsection includes: a second communication channel and a second drilling chamber; during the construction process of the second section, a geological technician tracks the change of an ore body and adjusts the specification and the position of the second drilling chamber in time; the second drilling chamber is a deep-hole drilling chamber;
s3 cloth holes
Constructing a cutting well between adjacent sections by adopting a deep hole well-forming technology; according to the boundary line of the ore body defined after tracking, drilling a first deep hole downwards from the first drilling chamber, wherein the first deep hole just punctures the ore body; drilling a second borehole downwardly from the first drilling chamber, said second borehole just penetrating the ore body; the aperture of the first deep hole and the aperture of the second deep hole are set to be 90 mm.
Preferably, the sectional height of deep hole drilling is controlled within thirty meters, namely the height difference of two adjacent layers of drilling chambers does not exceed thirty meters;
preferably, the section specifications of the first drilling chamber and the second drilling chamber are set to the specifications of a deep-hole (aperture phi 90mm) drilling chamber, namely 3.6 meters wide and 3.3 meters high.
Preferably, when the height difference between the second section and the trench at the bottom is greater than thirty meters, and the inner roof of the trench is stable and does not collapse, the divergent middle hole is constructed upwards from the trench roof, the aperture of the middle hole is 65mm, the middle hole is connected with the second deep hole, and the rock drilling and blasting are performed on the slowly inclined medium-thickness ore body according to the sequence of the middle hole, the second deep hole and the first deep hole.
The invention has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the method adopts multiple sections from bottom to top to carry out rock drilling and blasting on the medium-thickness ore body inclined to the gentle slope, and has the following advantages:
(1) the ore body is delineated in multiple layers, and the delineation of the ore body is more in line with the real state;
(2) the drilling chamber is more reasonably arranged, so that the construction amount of the chamber is reduced;
(3) the height of the deep hole is not more than thirty meters, the precision required by the rock drilling equipment is reduced, and the control of the large block rate in the blasting process is facilitated;
(4) 3 stopes which are originally arranged in the vertical direction can be changed into 2 stopes; the stope structure is more flexible in arrangement, and the loss rate of ores in the stope can be controlled;
(5) the waste rock penetrated by the holes is less, the waste holes are reduced, and the dilution rate of the ore is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a stope according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a stope according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a mining method for a combination of multiple apertures of a medium-thickness ore body from inclined to gentle inclined, the method comprising the following steps:
s1 delineating ore body
Constructing a first section 10 from a top rock formation, said first section 10 comprising: a first communication channel 11, a first drilling chamber 12; during the construction of the first subsection 10, a geology technician tracks changes of ore bodies and adjusts the specification and the position of the first drilling chamber 12 in time; in this embodiment, the section specification of the first drilling chamber 12 is set to the specification of a deep-hole (aperture phi 90mm) drilling chamber, i.e. 3.6 meters wide and 3.3 meters high; meanwhile, a mine removal access 31 and a trench 32 are constructed on the mine removal layer at the bottom, and the rock drilling layer ore body is delineated from the top rock drilling layer and the mine removal layer at the bottom;
s2 construction of middle section rock drilling chamber
According to the shape of the delineated ore body, when the ore body is determined to be a moderate-inclination medium-thickness ore body, constructing a second subsection 20 at a proper height of the middle section, and controlling the subsection height of deep-hole drilling within thirty meters, namely the height difference of two adjacent layers of drilling chambers up and down does not exceed thirty meters; the second section 20 includes: a second communication channel 21, a second drilling chamber 22; during the construction of the second section 20, a geological technician tracks changes in the ore body and adjusts the specification and position of the second drilling chamber 22 in time; the second drilling chamber 22 is configured as a deep-hole drilling chamber;
s3 cloth holes
A deep hole well-forming technology is adopted between adjacent sections to construct a cutting well 40, so that the number of cutting wells (phi 1.4m) constructed by raise boring is reduced; according to the boundary line of the ore body defined after tracking, a first deep hole 13 is drilled downwards from the first drilling chamber 12, and the first deep hole 13 just punctures the ore body; drilling a second borehole 23 from the first drilling chamber 22 downwards, said second borehole 23 just penetrating the ore body; the diameter of the first deep hole 13 and the second deep hole 23 is set to be 90 mm.
The first and second connections 11 and 21 are set to 3.6m by 3.3m, and the moat 32 is set to 3.0m by 3.0 m.
The invention carries out rock drilling and blasting on the medium-thickness ore body inclined to the gentle inclination by multiple sections from bottom to top, and has the following advantages:
(1) the ore body is delineated in multiple layers, and on the section, the delineation of the ore body is more in line with the real state;
(2) the rock drilling chamber is more reasonably arranged, and the rock drilling chamber with the specification of a large-diameter hole (phi 165mm) in the prior art needs to meet the requirements of 4.5-5.5 meters in width and 3.5 meters in height; because the height of the sections of the invention is controlled within thirty meters, and deep holes (the aperture is phi 90mm) are adopted for blasting between the sections, the rock drilling chamber only needs to meet the requirements of 3.6 meters in width and 3.3 meters in height, thereby reducing the construction amount of the chamber;
(3) in the prior art, the large-diameter hole is high in required precision, the hole is inclined at a very small angle, and the deviation of the bottom of the hole is very large, so that the large block rate is high in the blasting process; the height of the deep hole does not exceed thirty meters, the precision required by the rock drilling equipment is reduced, and the control of the large block rate in the blasting process is facilitated;
(4) according to the stability analysis criterion of the Maries stope, the length of the stope is not more than 26 meters and the width of the stope is not more than 15 meters on the stope arranged along the trend; when the vertical direction is arranged, the length of the stope is not more than 15 meters, and the width of the stope is the horizontal thickness of the ore body. 3 stopes which are originally arranged in the vertical direction can be changed into 2 stopes which are arranged along the direction; the stope structure is more flexible in arrangement, and the loss rate of ores in the stope can be controlled;
(5) the waste rock penetrated by the holes is less, the waste holes are reduced, and the dilution rate of the ore is reduced.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, when the height difference between the second section 20 and the trench 32 at the bottom is greater than thirty meters, and the roof inside the trench 32 is stable and does not collapse, a divergent middle hole 33 is constructed upwards from the roof of the trench 32, the aperture of the middle hole 33 is 65mm, the middle hole 33 is connected with the second deep hole 23, and rock drilling and blasting are performed on the medium-thickness ore body inclined to the gentle slope according to the sequence of the middle hole 33, the second deep hole 23 and the first deep hole 13.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A mining method for a plurality of combined applications of apertures of a medium-thickness ore body inclined to a gentle dip is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1 delineating ore body
Constructing a first section (10) from a top rock drilling layer, the first section (10) comprising: a first communication channel (11), a first drilling chamber (12); during the construction process of the first subsection (10), a geological technician tracks changes of ore bodies and adjusts the specification and the position of the first drilling chamber (12) in time; meanwhile, a mine removal access (31) and a trench (32) are constructed on the mine removal layer at the bottom, and the rock drilling layer ore body is delineated from the top rock drilling layer and the mine removal layer at the bottom;
s2 construction of middle section rock drilling chamber
According to the shape of the delineated ore body, when the ore body is determined to be a middle-thickness ore body inclined to a gentle slope, a second section (20) is constructed at a proper height of the middle section, wherein the second section (20) comprises: a second communication channel (21), a second drilling chamber (22); during the construction process of the second section (20), a geological technician tracks the change of an ore body and adjusts the specification and the position of the second drilling chamber (22) in time; the second drilling chamber (22) is arranged as a deep-hole drilling chamber;
s3 cloth holes
A cutting well (40) is constructed between adjacent sections by adopting a deep hole well-forming technology; according to the boundary line of the ore body defined after tracking, a first deep hole (13) is drilled downwards from a first drilling chamber (12), and the first deep hole (13) just punctures the ore body; drilling a second borehole (23) from the first drilling chamber (22) downwards, said second borehole (23) just penetrating the ore body; the aperture of the first deep hole (13) and the second deep hole (23) is set to be 90 mm.
2. The mining method for the combined application of the multiple apertures of the inclined-to-gentle-dip medium-thickness ore body according to claim 1, wherein the mining method comprises the following steps: the sectional height of deep hole drilling is controlled within thirty meters, namely the height difference of two adjacent layers of drilling chambers does not exceed thirty meters.
3. The mining method for the combined application of the multiple apertures of the inclined-to-gentle-dip medium-thickness ore body according to claim 2, wherein the mining method comprises the following steps: the section specifications of the first drilling chamber (12) and the second drilling chamber (22) are set to the specifications of a deep hole (aperture phi 90mm) drilling chamber, namely 3.6 meters in width and 3.3 meters in height.
4. The mining method for the combined application of the multiple apertures of the inclined-to-gentle-dip medium-thickness ore body according to claim 1, wherein the mining method comprises the following steps: when the difference in height of trench (32) of second section (20) and bottom is greater than thirty meters, in trench (32) roof under the firm not collapsed condition, from trench (32) roof upward construction divergent shape mesopore (33), the aperture of mesopore (33) is 65mm, mesopore (33) links up with second deep hole (23), carries out the rock drilling blasting to the moderate-thickness ore body that inclines to the gentle slope according to the order of mesopore (33), second deep hole (23), first deep hole (13).
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113642071A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-12 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Stability determination method and device for rock drilling chamber and computer readable storage medium |
| CN113847028A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-12-28 | 安徽金日晟矿业有限责任公司 | Deep hole arrangement process for back stepping of broken ore body |
| CN114033373A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-11 | 武汉工程大学 | Raise boring machine-medium-length hole differential blasting cooperative one-time grooving method |
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Application publication date: 20200414 |