CN104799111A - Nutrition composition capable of enhancing ammonia nitrogen stress resistance of gills and feed - Google Patents
Nutrition composition capable of enhancing ammonia nitrogen stress resistance of gills and feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104799111A CN104799111A CN201510236962.1A CN201510236962A CN104799111A CN 104799111 A CN104799111 A CN 104799111A CN 201510236962 A CN201510236962 A CN 201510236962A CN 104799111 A CN104799111 A CN 104799111A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrition composition capable of enhancing ammonia-nitrogen stress resistance of gills and a feed. The nutrition composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.85 to 1.67 parts of lysine, 0.66 to 1.85 parts of isoleucine, 0.04 to 0.18 part of choline and 0.00023 to 0.0083 part of copper. The fishing nutrition components in the range are added into the nutrition composition, so that the nutrition composition is capable of effectively preventing congestion and rot of the gill caused by ammonia and nitrogen in water, reducing the congestion of the gills, reducing the occurrence of the rotted gills, ensuring the health of the gills and fish bodies, promoting the growth of fish and improving the feed efficiency. The nutrition composition has the advantages of convenience in use and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish culture field, concrete, relate to and a kind ofly strengthen the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the fish gill, prevent because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the congested and nutrition prescription of gill rot in fish gill portion and the feed containing this prescription.
Background technology
Because aquatic products are rich in high-quality protein, several kinds of mineral elements and vitamin, become and improve consumer's diet structure, improve one of important meat of human health level.Along with consumer is to the cognition gradually of its health benefit, its consumption figure increases fast, and in current China pre-capita consumption meat total amount product, fishery-ies product has accounted for nearly 30%.Ever-increasing consumption demand amount can only rely on modern high density intensive culture to ensure, cultivation fishery-ies product provides the fishery-ies product consumption figure of 60% at present.But high density intensive feeding is while increasing substantially cultured output, also bringing breeding water body ammonia-nitrogen content increases rapidly, causes ammonia nitrogen severe overweight in breeding water body.In water, ammonia nitrogen exceeds standard is cause cultivating the principal element that the fish gill is congested, gill rot occurs.In water, ammonia nitrogen enters fish body, and the impact of zygobranchiate tissue cellularity is remarkable, and be embodied in the hyperemia of gill portion, gill rot, cause fish gill physiological function impaired, expiratory dyspnea, reduce fish growth speed, cause fish kills, year, economic loss was up to more than 6,000,000,000 yuan.Therefore, how to prevent the fish gill hyperemia because ammonia nitrogen in water causes, gill rot is technology needs the most urgent during current fish culture is produced.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide and a kind ofly strengthens the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the fish gill, prevents the fishing nutrition prescription because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the congested and gill rot in fish gill portion to occur and the feed containing this prescription.
The present invention's adopted technical scheme that solves the problem is, a kind of fishing nutrition prescription is provided, comprises the component of following weight portion: lysine 0.85-1.67 weight portion, isoleucine 0.66-1.85 weight portion, choline 0.04-0.18 weight portion, copper 0.00023-0.0083 weight portion.
A kind of fishing nutrition prescription, is made up of the component of following weight portion: lysine 0.85-1.67 weight portion, isoleucine 0.66-1.85 weight portion, choline 0.04-0.18 weight portion, copper 0.00023-0.0083 weight portion.
Preferably, in described fishing nutrition prescription, the weight portion of each component is: lysine 1.31-1.67 weight portion, isoleucine 1.26-1.85 weight portion, choline 0.04-0.076 weight portion, copper 0.00053-0.0083 weight portion.
Preferably, in described fishing nutrition prescription, the weight portion of each component is: lysine 1.67 weight portion, isoleucine 1.85 weight portion, choline 0.04 weight portion, copper 0.0083 weight portion.
Wherein, described lysine is fish essential amino acids, and lysine can improve the oxidation resistance of the Organ and tissues such as fish intestines, liver pancreas and muscle, improves fish growth performance and digestion and absorption function.
Wherein, described isoleucine is the required branched-chain amino acid of fish, and isoleucine can improve the rate of body weight gain of fish, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio, PER, reduces feed coefficient.
Wherein, described choline is the nutriment maintaining fish normal growth, and choline can promote fish growth, improves efficiency of feed utilization; Promote blood lipid metabolism and the synthesis of fish body protein; Strengthen body to the resistance of pathogen.
Wherein, described copper is the essential trace element of fish, and copper can promote growing of fish liver pancreas and enteron aisle, improves the abilities of digestive and absorption of fish; Strengthen the activities of antioxidant enzymes of fish tissue and the content of non-enzymatic polyphenoils, improve body and support antiradical activities, reduce oxidative damage; Improve specificity and non-specific immunity.
As mentioned above, those skilled in the art will know that: above-mentioned each independent nutriment has certain effect for the healthy tool of the growing of fish body, muscle and enteron aisle, but but effectively can not strengthen the ability that the fish gill resists ammonia nitrogen stress, and the increase of intensive, water body ammonia-nitrogen content along with cultivation, the congested and gill rot of the gill caused badly influences fish culture.Present inventor is found by the scientific experiment of system: by above-mentioned independent nutriment to be used as nutrition prescription after specific ratio mixing, the ability that the fish gill resists ammonia nitrogen stress in water can be significantly improved, minimizing causes the generation of the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot due to ammonia nitrogen in water, ensures the healthy development of the fish gill.It is not only the inherent requirement that China culture fishery develops in a healthy way, be also ensure Safety of Aquatic Products in the urgent need to.
Fishing nutrition prescription of the present invention can effectively prevent because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the generation of the congested and gill rot in fish gill portion, and gill hyperemia and gill rot incidence do not use the situation of this nutrition prescription to reduce more than 86.8% and 66.1% respectively.
A kind of feed containing described fishing nutrition prescription.
Wherein, in the feed of 100 weight portions, the nutrition prescription of the fishing containing 1.6-3.5wt%.
Wherein, the basal feed in feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the basal feed that those skilled in the art commonly use is all available, concrete as fish meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, secondary powder, fish oil, soya-bean oil, wheat bran, rice bran etc.
Fishing nutrition prescription of the present invention and the feed containing this fishing nutrition prescription are applicable to the cultured freshwater fish such as grass carp, carp, are particularly useful for grass carp.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. by adding the nutrition prescription of scope of the present invention, effectively can prevent the fish gill portion hyperemia because ammonia nitrogen in water causes and gill rot, reduce the fish gill congested, reduce gill rot and occur, ensure that the fish gill is healthy, gill hyperemia and gill rot incidence reduce more than 86.8% and 66.1% respectively;
2. improve fish growth speed and feed efficiency, there is easy to use, low cost and other advantages.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The traditional test methods that performance test in the present invention adopts those skilled in the art to commonly use.
Embodiment 1:
Get lysine 1.31 weight portion, isoleucine 1.26 weight portion, choline 0.076 weight portion, copper 0.00053 weight portion, obtained fishing nutrition prescription S1 after mixing.
In order to verify effect of the present invention, fishing nutrition prescription of the present invention be applied in Sichuan, Chongqing, 12 plants in Guangxi grass carp upper (body weight is at 250-260g) test.Test fish is divided into test group and control group two groups, and each processed group establishes 3 repetitions, and each repetition 430 tail fish, between group, original body mass is without significant difference.The daily ration of test group is the fish meal adding above-mentioned fishing nutrition prescription S1 according to the 2.6wt% of fish meal gross weight; The daily ration of control group is the fish meal of the identical weight of not adding fishing nutrition prescription S1.Two processed group fishes are thrown something and fed 4 times every day, and each feeding volume is according to the actual situation and determining of ingesting.Duration of test regularly carries out routine disinfection sterilization.Weigh after feeding 56 days, eachly repeat selection 30 tail fish and sample, carry out ammonia nitrogen stress experiment, experimental group and control group 15ppm NH
4 +coerce 72 hours, period not feeding and change water.After stress experiment terminates, the fish tail number of the hyperemia of the statistics gill and gill rot, and be recorded in following table 1.
The fish of ammonia nitrogen stress shows as floating head, and mouth opens very large, and show as severe depletion of oxygen, gill edge turns white.
Embodiment 2
Get lysine 1.67 weight portion, isoleucine 1.85 weight portion, choline 0.04 weight portion, copper 0.0083 weight portion, obtained fishing nutrition prescription S2 after mixing.
Embodiment 3
Get lysine 0.85 weight portion, isoleucine 0.66 weight portion, choline 0.18 weight portion, copper 0.00023 weight portion, obtained fishing nutrition prescription S3 after mixing.
Comparative example 1
Get lysine 0.37 weight portion, isoleucine 1.97 weight portion, choline 0.42 weight portion, copper 0.00017 weight portion, obtained fishing nutrition prescription DS1 after mixing.
Comparative example 2
Get lysine 1.85 weight portion, isoleucine 0.49 weight portion, choline 0.009 weight portion, copper 0.0103 weight portion, obtained fishing nutrition prescription DS2 after mixing.
The mode that above-described embodiment 2-3, comparative example 1-2 are identical with embodiment 1 is tested, and S2, S3, DS1, DS2 addition is respectively 3.5wt%, 1.6wt%, 3.5wt%, 1.6wt% of fish meal total amount.Every data respectively in testing example 2-3 and comparative example 1-2 also will the results are shown in following table 1.
Table 1
| Control group | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Initial weight (g/ tail) | 257 | 259 | 257 | 257 | 256 | 258 |
| End heavy (g/ tail) | 606 | 661 | 650 | 640 | 612 | 614 |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 136 | 155 | 153 | 149 | 139 | 138 |
| Feed efficiency (%) | 60 | 71 | 69 | 65 | 59 | 58 |
| Fish tail number (tail) | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 |
| Congested fish tail number (tail) of the gill | 59 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 62 | 60 |
| The congested rate (%) of the gill | 66.6 | 8.8 | 3.3 | 6.6 | 67.8 | 66.7 |
| Gill rot fish tail number (tail) | 68 | 23 | 16 | 22 | 65 | 67 |
| Gill rot rate (%) | 75.6 | 25.6 | 17.8 | 24.4 | 72.2 | 74.4 |
As can be seen from upper table 1, relative to control group, after adopting the nutrition prescription feeding cultivation fish of formula of the present invention, when ammonia nitrogen stress is tested, the fish generation gill of experimental group (embodiment 1-3) mantissa that is congested and gill rot declines to a great extent compared with there is gill fish tail number that is congested and gill rot in control group, the congested fish tail number of the gill of control group is about more than 7 times of experimental group, and the gill rot fish tail number of control group is about more than 3 times of experimental group.Show, the nutrition prescription of filling a prescription described in the application effectively can improve the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of cultivation fish, reduces the congested rate of the gill and the gill rot rate of cultivation fish.
And, compared by embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2, can find out, the content of each nutriment of composition nutrition prescription has larger impact for the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability cultivating fish, compared to the nutrition prescription adopted not in scope of the present invention, the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the cultivation fish adopting the nutrition prescription in scope of the present invention to feed is excellent, the congested incidence of the gill and gill rot rate decline significantly, the gill fish tail number that is congested and gill rot caused due to ammonia nitrogen significantly reduces, in ammonia nitrogen stress experiment, the congested incidence of the gill of cultivation fish can control below 9%, the gill rot rate of cultivation fish can control below 26%, and the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the cultivation fish adopting the nutrition prescription not in scope of the present invention to feed is improved not obvious, the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the cultivation fish that nutrition prescription also may do not adopted even to feed is poorer, in ammonia nitrogen stress experiment, the congested incidence of the gill of the cultivation fish of comparative example 1-2 can reach more than 66.7% and (compare the congested rate of the gill of 66.6% of control group, slightly raise), the gill rot rate of cultivation fish can reach more than 72.2% and (compare the gill rot rate of 75.6% of control group, improve not obvious), the congested fish tail number of the gill of comparative example 1-2 is about more than 7.5 times of embodiment 1-3, the gill rot fish tail number of comparative example 1-2 is about more than 2.8 times of embodiment 1-3.
As can be seen from embodiment 1-3, the gill of the embodiment 2 obvious comparatively embodiment 1 of fish tail number that is congested and gill rot and embodiment 3 are less, the congested fish tail number of the gill of embodiment 1 is about 2.6 times of embodiment 2, the congested fish tail number of the gill of embodiment 3 is 2 times of embodiment 2, the gill rot fish tail number of embodiment 1 and embodiment 3 is about 1.4 times of embodiment 2 respectively, therefore, the prescription of proportioning shown in nutrition prescription more preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Separately, it can also be seen that from upper table 1, the fish of experimental group grows and more excellent all compared with control group and comparative example 1-2 of feed efficiency.
In sum, fishing nutrition prescription of the present invention and the feed containing this nutrition prescription all can effectively prevent, because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot, to reduce the fish gill congested, and reduce gill rot and occur, the guarantee fish gill is healthy; Can fish growth be promoted simultaneously, improve feed efficiency.There is easy to use, low cost and other advantages.
Carry out identical test to other freshwater fishes in the same manner as example 1, all can obtain above-mentioned beneficial effect, effectively prevent because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot, the minimizing fish gill is congested, reduces gill rot generation, the guarantee cheek and fish body health.
As mentioned above, the present invention can be realized preferably.
Claims (6)
1. a fishing nutrition prescription, is characterized in that, comprises the component of following weight portion: lysine 0.85-1.67 weight portion, isoleucine 0.66-1.85 weight portion, choline 0.04-0.18 weight portion, copper 0.00023-0.0083 weight portion.
2. a fishing nutrition prescription, is characterized in that, is made up of the component of following weight portion: lysine 0.85-1.67 weight portion, isoleucine 0.66-1.85 weight portion, choline 0.04-0.18 weight portion, copper 0.00023-0.0083 weight portion.
3. fishing nutrition prescription according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described lysine is 1.31-1.67 weight portion, and described isoleucine is 1.26-1.85 weight portion, described choline is 0.04-0.076 weight portion, and described copper is 0.00053-0.0083 weight portion.
4. fishing nutrition prescription according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described lysine is 1.67 weight portions, and described isoleucine is 1.85 weight portions, and described choline is 0.04 weight portion, and described copper is 0.0083 weight portion.
5. one kind containing, for example the feed of fishing according to any one of Claims 1-4 with nutrition prescription.
6. feed according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in the feed of 100 weight portions, and the nutrition prescription of the fishing containing 1.6-3.5wt%.
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Citations (5)
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| CN101731474A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-16 | 苏州大学 | Health-care grass carp feed for expelling parasite |
| CN101836692A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-09-22 | 武汉市洪山吕墩氨基酸厂 | Amino acid biological fish fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103704533A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | Fish feed additive, application method, application and feed containing additive |
| CN103704535A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | Fish feed additive, application method, application and feed containing additive |
| CN104397457A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-11 | 四川农业大学 | Nutrition formula for improving gill barrier function, application and feed adopting nutrition formula |
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2015
- 2015-05-11 CN CN201510236962.1A patent/CN104799111A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101731474A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-16 | 苏州大学 | Health-care grass carp feed for expelling parasite |
| CN101836692A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-09-22 | 武汉市洪山吕墩氨基酸厂 | Amino acid biological fish fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103704533A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | Fish feed additive, application method, application and feed containing additive |
| CN103704535A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-09 | 四川农业大学 | Fish feed additive, application method, application and feed containing additive |
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Application publication date: 20150729 |