CN104012799B - Application of the taurine in fresh water predacious fish feed - Google Patents
Application of the taurine in fresh water predacious fish feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104012799B CN104012799B CN201410254745.0A CN201410254745A CN104012799B CN 104012799 B CN104012799 B CN 104012799B CN 201410254745 A CN201410254745 A CN 201410254745A CN 104012799 B CN104012799 B CN 104012799B
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- taurine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses application of the taurine in the blue or green fish feed of low fish meal is prepared and in the anti-crowded stress agent of preparation black carp use, by low fish meal（Fish meal 5 10%）The taurine of addition 0.1%~0.4% in feed, can make fish meal content reduction by 10% or so in predacious fish feed, and can improve the anti-crowded stress ability of fish, and its feed cost can reduce by more than 300 yuan/ton.
Description
Technical field
Invention belongs to aquatic feeds technical field, is related to application of the taurine in predacious fish, in particular to
Taurine is preparing the application of the blue or green fish feed of low fish meal.
Background technology
Fish meal is because palatability is good, grazing rate is high, essential fatty acid and amino acid content are abundant, and ANFs is few, amino
Sour Compositional balance, unknown somatomedin rich content is always indispensable high-quality protein source in aquatic feeds, in recent years
Come, because fishery resources are increasingly in short supply, fish meal prices rise steadily, and cause formulation cost to raise, aquaculture cost rises, so that sternly
The development of culture fishery is constrained again.Therefore, how to develop low fish-meal becomes feed formula teacher problem of interest.But
In predacious fish, vegetable protein is largely substituted after fish meal, can be because palatability, ANFs and amino acid are uneven
Weighing apparatus, can cause aquatic livestock growth decline, and immunocompetence is reduced, the negative effect such as anti-stress ability difference.
Taurine, also known as taurine, Taurine, cholaic acid, are distributed widely in animal tissue cell, are a kind of important
Nutriment, with food calling, promotes the effect such as growth and metabolism, enhancing immunity of organisms and raising anti-oxidation function, it is in fish
Comparision contents are high in powder, and lack in vegetable protein.Existing research report shows, ox sulphur is added in marine fish feed formula
Acid, can improve the rate of body weight gain and feed efficiency of lefteye flounder, cobio, Huang tail Yellowtail and turbot, its addition between 0.5-1%,
Xu Qiyou（2007）In the high fish meal content of fresh-water fishes carnivorous fish rainbow trout（66% fish meal）0.05-0.15% ox is added in feed
Sulfonic acid, the growth-promoting effect to rainbow trout is not found, studies have found that grinding on ominivore-fish crucian, pseudorasbora parva, loach yet
Study carefully and show that taurine has good anti-anoxia ability.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are directed in existing fresh water predacious fish after a large amount of vegetable protein uses,
Caused fish growth declines, immunocompetence reduction, and the negative effect such as anti-stress ability difference is there is provided a kind of taurine in low fish meal
Addition or the black carp application resisted in crowded stress agent in black carp feed, and the blue or green fish feed of the low fish meal containing taurine,
The present invention can prevent in fresh water predacious fish after a large amount of vegetable protein uses that caused fish growth declines, immunocompetence drop
Low, the counter productive of anti-stress ability difference reduces feed cost.
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is：Taurine uses anti-in the blue or green fish feed of low fish meal is prepared or preparing black carp
Application in crowded stress agent.
The present invention also provides a kind of low fish meal blue or green fish feed, is added with taurine in the feed, by weight percentage
Meter, the addition of the taurine is 0.1%~0.4%, preferably 0.1%.
The blue or green fish feed of described low fish meal, by weight percentage, the feed includes following raw materials according：Fish meal 5%~
10%th, dregs of beans 25~35%, cotton dregs 10~20%, rapeseed meal 10~15%, rice bran 5~10%, wheat-middlings 20%~25%, soya-bean oil 1~2%, courage
It is alkali 0.2~0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1~1.5%, premix 1~1.2%, taurine 0.1%~0.4%, antioxidant 0.01%, anti-
Mould dose 0.03%, all raw materials add up to 100%.
Preferably, the blue or green fish feed of described low fish meal, by weight percentage, fish meal 10%%, dregs of beans 32%, cotton dregs
16%th, rapeseed meal 10%, rice bran 5%, wheat-middlings 22.36%, soya-bean oil 1.5%, choline 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, premix 1%, ox sulphur
Acid 0.1%, antioxidant 0.01%, mould inhibitor 0.03%.
The blue or green fish feed of described low fish meal, wherein the addition of the taurine is that expansion, Ran Houtian are first mixed with wheat-middlings
Plus mixed with other raw materials, stir evenly, pelletize.
The present invention also provides a kind of described low fish meal method that blue or green fish feed feeds black carp, and this method is raised with described
Material is respectively at the daily morning 8：00 and afternoon 4：00 carries out feeding black carp, and day feeding volume is the 2%~5% of fish body weight
The blue or green fish feed of low fish meal of the present invention or a kind of immunopotentiator of anti-Crowding Stress.
The content that low fish meal black carp of the present invention typically refers to fish meal in feed with feed is lower by 10% than normal need
Left and right.
The invention has the advantages that：
Feed of the present invention is used in fresh water predacious fish, compared with normal fish meal commercial feed, growth will not be reduced
Speed, and can effectively alleviate the negative shadow that a large amount of protein sources are declined using caused immunity and resisting stress in predacious fish
Ring, can effectively reduce fish meal usage amount in predacious fish formula, reduce feed cost.Present invention demonstrates that the addition of taurine
Related to breeding environment and feeding daily ration composition, in carnivorous low fish meal content feed, addition taurine has preferable growth-promoting
Long effect, when reducing fish meal content 10% or so, does not interfere with the growth result of fish, and can effectively prevent low fish-meal
Caused immunity and resisting stress decline negative effect, can effectively reduce feed cost, it is possible to decrease more than 300 yuan/ton of cost.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment detailed description come the present invention is furture elucidated, but be not to the present invention limit
System, is only illustrated.
Raw material used etc., unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained in following embodiments.
Example one：Taurine influences on black carp growth performance
Test material：Taurine（It is purchased from biochemical reagents company）, purity is 99%, white powder.
Test site：Agricultural University Of Hunan's aquaculture base
Test feed and packet：Choose average weight（0.62±0.01）The g healthy and strong tail of black carp 360 of the same age, gives 4 at random
Individual processing, respectively normal fish meal control group（Processing one and processing two）, in the case of low fish meal taurine addition be 0.0%,
0.1% treatment group（It is processing three and processing four respectively）, processing four is feed group of the present invention.Every group of three repetitions, it is each to repeat
30 tail fishes.
The basal feed of table 1 is constituted and trophic level
During test preparation feed, every kind of feedstuff is crushed to all by 40 mesh sieves, and 60 mesh oversizes are less than 20%,
It is mixed and stirred for uniformly, the grit of diameter 1.5mm particle diameters being made in proportion, -20 DEG C of freezer storages are standby after air-drying at room temperature
With.
Test method：Experiment grass carp is raised in 300L indoor culture systems, by a definite date eight weeks respectively.Respectively at the daily morning 8：
00 and afternoon 4：00 is fed, and day feeding volume is the 2%~5% of fish body weight, is observed and is recorded ingesting and activity for test fish
Situation.During experiment, irregularly net cage is cleaned, interference of the extraneous factor to result of the test is excluded as far as possible.
After feeding experiment terminates, stop eating 24 hours, caryophyllus oil anesthesia is weighed in units of case, sampled.
Result of the test：It was found from table 2 below, black carp is after fish meal reduction by 10%, and rate of body weight gain reduces 14.79%, with the addition of
The effect of normal fish meal group has been reached after taurine, and in normal fish meal group（20% fish meal）Taurine is added in group to growth
Do not make significant difference.
Influence (mean+SD, n=3) of the taurine of table 2 to black carp juvenile growth
Example two：Taurine to black carp juvenile growth performance, biochemical indicator, digestive ferment and it is anti-it is crowded stress influence
Test material, place, test feed and feeding experiment method are with described in example one.
Experiment packet：Choose average weight（5.90±0.03）The g healthy and strong tail of black carp 450 of the same age, gives at 5 at random
Taurine addition is 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4% processing in the case of reason, respectively high fish meal control group, low fish meal
Group (I0Represent 0% group of addition, I0.1Represent 0.1% group of addition, I0.2Represent 0.2% group of addition, I0.40.4% group of addition is represented, under
Together).Every group of three repetitions, it is each to repeat 30 tail fishes.
Treat feeding experiment（Eight weeks）After end, according to growing state, representational 4 groups are selected, control group, be not added with ox
Sulfonic acid group I0, growth preferably organize I0.1With high-level taurine addition group I0.4, with reference to bright Jian Hua and Rachid Ganga side
Method, carries out the acute Crowding Stress experiments of 100g/L, 2 repetitions of every group of setting.Before stress tests start, every group of each aquarium choosing
In the fish for taking 15 tail specifications basically identical, the Plastic Drum that a diameter of 25cm is transferred to respectively, every barrel of addition 1L water makes its density
100g/L, carries out continuous 24h Crowding Stress.Normal water temperature is kept during experiment.Dissolved oxygen, not bait throwing in during experiment reduces people
For interference, keep quite, additionally stress prevent.
Result of the test refers to table 3 and table 4.
Influence (mean+SD, n=3) of the different concentration of taurine of table 3 to black carp growth performance
As known from Table 3, compared with control group, black carp is after fish meal reduction by 10%, I0Group end reduces 21.91% again,
I0.1Group is to I0.4Group with the addition of after taurine, the low fish-meal group I with not adding taurine0Than I0.1To I0.4Rate of body weight gain
12.03%~24.52% is risen, wherein, I0.1Group is not notable with high fish meal group growth differences, and feed of the present invention is for low fish meal
In the case of the fish growth that cultivates have notable growth-promoting effect.
Influence (mean+SD, n=3) of the different concentration of taurine of table 4 to black carp digestive ferment index
Table 4 shows, in the case of low fish meal, and addition taurine amylase activity improves 44.37%~59.08%, lipase
Vigor improves 21.32%~74.04%, and trypsase vigor improves 7.07%~8.09%, when taurine addition is 0.1%, digestion
Enzyme activity reaches the level of high fish meal control group.
Influence (mean+SD, n=3) of the taurine of table 5 to associated serum index before the acute Crowding Stress of black carp
Influence (mean+SD, n=3) of the taurine of table 6 to associated serum index after the acute Crowding Stress of black carp
Table 5 and table 6 show, are contrasted before and after stress, and taurine resists acute Crowding Stress items stress index to black carp juvenile fish
Elevated trend is presented;Before stress, I0.1Group, I0.4Group serum glucose, serum lysozyme, C3, GSH add group with control group without aobvious
Sex differernce is write, with I0Group is compared, and blood glucose reduction, serum lysozyme, serum complement C3, SOD in serum, serum GSH rises;After stress
Each index is also to have similar trend compared with control group, illustrates the ability that feed of the present invention is improved immunity, is answered with anti-
Sharp ability.
Acute Crowding Stress test result indicates that fish meal content for 10% feed base on, addition concentration be 01% or
0.4% taurine can improve the stress level of black carp juvenile fish, meanwhile, strengthen the nonspecific immunity power and oxidation resistance of body,
So as to strengthen the ability of the anti-Crowding Stress of body.
Claims (3)
1. taurine uses the application in resisting crowded stress agent in the blue or green fish feed of low fish meal is prepared as black carp, wherein being raised in fish
Taurine is added with material, by weight percentage, the feed includes following raw materials according：Fish meal 5%~10%, dregs of beans 25~35%,
Cotton dregs 10~20%, rapeseed meal 10~15%, rice bran 5~10%, wheat-middlings 20%~25%, soya-bean oil 1~2%, choline 0.2~0.5%, phosphoric acid
Calcium dihydrogen 1~1.5%, premix 1~1.2%, taurine 0.1%~0.4%, antioxidant 0.01%, mould inhibitor 0.03%, Suo Youyuan
Material adds up to 100%,
The addition of wherein described taurine is that expansion is first mixed with wheat-middlings, and then addition is mixed with other raw materials, is stirred evenly, and is pelletized.
2. application as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fish meal 10%, dregs of beans 32%, cotton dregs 16%, rapeseed meal 10%, rice bran
5%th, wheat-middlings 22.36%, soya-bean oil 1.5%, choline 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, premix 1%, taurine 0.1%, antioxidant
0.01%th, mould inhibitor 0.03%.
3. application as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：With the feed respectively at the daily morning 8：00 and afternoon
4：00 carries out feeding black carp, and day feeding volume is the 2%~5% of fish body weight.
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| CN201410254745.0A CN104012799B (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2014-06-10 | Application of the taurine in fresh water predacious fish feed |
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| CN104012799B true CN104012799B (en) | 2017-11-07 |
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| CN109845918A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-06-07 | 珠海市德海生物科技有限公司 | Low meal compound feed of a kind of largemouth bass and preparation method thereof |
| CN114938832A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-26 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Composite feed for relieving long-term density stress of triangular breams |
| CN115316563B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-04-02 | 浙江新和成股份有限公司 | Feed composition for fish |
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| CN101653207A (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-02-24 | 江苏海辰科技集团 | Compound feed for black carp |
| CN102771671B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-07-30 | 湖州师范学院 | Efficient environment-friendly black carp extrusion compound feed and production method thereof |
| CN103636947B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 浙江大学 | For feed addictive and the production method thereof of high protein, the aquatic product matched feed of low fish meal |
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