CN103749985A - Additive for modifying meat quality of farmed fishes, application method, application and fish feed - Google Patents
Additive for modifying meat quality of farmed fishes, application method, application and fish feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103749985A CN103749985A CN201410042008.4A CN201410042008A CN103749985A CN 103749985 A CN103749985 A CN 103749985A CN 201410042008 A CN201410042008 A CN 201410042008A CN 103749985 A CN103749985 A CN 103749985A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an additive for modifying meat quality of farmed fishes, an application method, application and fish feed. The additive for modifying the meat quality of the farmed fishes comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.0003-0.0008 part of riboflavin, 0.18-0.39 part of tryptophan, 0.67-1.58 part of isoleucine, and 0.0029-0.0089 part of zinc. As the additive is added, the calcium content of fish muscles is increased, the water retaining property, the chewing degree and the pH value of the muscles are improved and increased, the cooking loss of the muscles is reduced, and the quality and taste of the fish meat are modified; the additive for modifying the meat quality of the farmed fishes has such advantages as convenience for use, low cost, no poison and safety.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fish-water Fish Farming field, particularly, relate to a kind of additive, using method, application and fish meal that improves cultivation meat quality of fish.
Background technology
Fishery-ies product has higher nutritive value, is to improve diet structure, improves one of important meat of human health level.Along with health perception strengthens day by day, consumer is more and more higher to the consumption demand amount of aquatic products.The freshwater fish such as grass carp, carp is the main cultured fishes of China, and its cultivation is with a long history, and cultured output is high, accounts for the 33-40% of fish culture total output, has met greatly the demand of people to animal protein.
But in recent years,, along with fish culture density constantly increases, when cultured output increases substantially, be but accompanied by the universal phenomenon that meat declines.Compared with nature wild fish or extensive style cultured product, high density is propagated fishery-ies product artificially and is had following problems: meat is loose, not resistance to chewing, and mouthfeel is poor.
Along with socioeconomic development, growth in the living standard, the requirement that people are higher to the proposition of fishery-ies product meat, this reduces and has formed huge contrast with the meat that mainly cultivates fresh water fishes.This may be to have caused freshwater fish product price depression, sluggish market, one of non-profit making major reason of breeding production person.Therefore, seek to improve cultured fishes meat quality, be not only consumer's requirement, especially the inherent requirement of China's culture fishery sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one can effectively improve the class meat that cultivates fresh water fishes, and has no side effect, free of contamination additive and the fish meal that contains this additive.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of using method and application of above-mentioned additive.
The present invention addresses the above problem adopted technical scheme, a kind of additive that improves cultivation meat quality of fish is provided, comprises the component of following weight portion: riboflavin 0.0003-0.0008 part, tryptophan 0.18-0.39 part, isoleucine 0.67-1.58 part, zinc 0.0029-0.0089 part.
An additive that improves cultivation meat quality of fish, is comprised of the component of following weight portion: riboflavin 0.0003-0.0008 part, tryptophan 0.18-0.39 part, isoleucine 0.67-1.58 part, zinc 0.0029-0.0089 part.
Preferably, in the additive of described improvement cultivation meat quality of fish, the weight portion of each component is: riboflavin 0.0005-0.0007 part, tryptophan 0.22-0.34 part, isoleucine 0.71-1.38 part, zinc 0.0032-0.0073 part.
Wherein, described riboflavin is the constituent of multiple indispensable enzyme in fish carbohydrate, fat, protein and nucleic acid metabolism process, is the essential nutrients that maintains the normal growth of fish and physiological metabolism.The inventor finds through test of many times, adds appropriate riboflavin and can significantly improve water-retaining property and the chewiness of fish muscle, improves meat taste.
Wherein, described tryptophan is the essential amino acid of fish, can promote fish digestive organs to grow, and improves fish abilities of digestive and absorption and disease resistivity.The inventor finds through test of many times, adds appropriate tryptophan and can improve fat and collagen content between fish muscle protein, flesh, strengthens muscle water holding capacity and chewiness, to improve meat quality.
Wherein, described isoleucine is the essential amino acid of fish, can promote muscle protein to increase, and saves muscle power consumption, to promote fish growth.The inventor finds through test of many times, adds appropriate isoleucine and can improve water-retaining property and the chewiness of fish muscle, to improve meat quality.
Wherein, described zinc is the essential mineral nutrients of fish, is composition or the activator of many enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamte dehydrogenase, normally extremely important to maintaining membrane structure and function.The inventor finds through test of many times, adds appropriate zinc and can improve fish muscle calcium content and collagen content, improves water-retaining property, chewiness and the pH of muscle, to improve meat and mouthfeel.
The applicant is through many experiments discovery, and additive of the present invention can improve fish muscle calcium content, improves muscle water-retaining property, chewability and pH, reduces muscle cooking loss, improves flesh quality and mouthfeel.In addition, can also promote fish growth to grow, improve food utilization efficiency.
Additive of the present invention can improve fish muscle calcium content more than 37%, and muscle cooking loss reduces more than 11.8%.
A using method for described additive, comprises the steps:
Described additive is joined in basal feed.
Wherein, the weight ratio of described additive and basal feed is 1:199-1:39.
Wherein, basal feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the conventional basal feed of those skilled in the art is all available, concrete as corn, dregs of beans, fish oil, wheat bran, rice bran etc.
Additive of the present invention and the fish meal that contains this additive are applicable to the freshwater aquiculture cyprinid fish such as grass carp, carp, are particularly useful for grass carp.
A kind of fish meal that contains described additive.
Wherein, in the feed of described 100 weight portions, the additive that contains 0.5-2.5wt%.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by adding the additive of component of the present invention and content, can improve fish muscle calcium content, improve muscle water-retaining property, chewability and pH, reduce muscle cooking loss, improve quality and the mouthfeel of the flesh of fish; In addition, can also promote fish growth, improve efficiency of feed utilization.There is easy to use, the advantage such as cost is low, non-toxic and safe.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is done to detailed description further, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Performance test in the present invention adopts the conventional conventionally test method of those skilled in the art, wherein,
Muscle cooking loss: first muscle is weighed, make it reach 5g left and right, be placed in 95-100 ℃ of boiling water and boil 5min, pull muscle out, cool and dry, take end heavy, calculate muscle cooking loss.Muscle cooking loss=(muscle weight before boiling-muscle weight after boiling)/muscle weight before boiling.
Refrigerate muscle pH value after 24 hours: adopt GB/T 9695.5-2008 standard test.
Hydroxyproline content: adopt GB/T 9695.23-2008 standard test.
Embodiment 1:
Get riboflavin 0.0005 weight portion, tryptophan 0.34 weight portion, isoleucine 1.38 weight portions, zinc 0.0059 weight portion, makes feed addictive B1 after mixing.
In order to verify effect of the present invention, feed addictive of the present invention is applied in the grass carp upper (body weight is at 255-257g) of Sichuan, Guangxi, Yunnan 10Ge plant and tests.Test fish is divided into test group and two groups of control group, and each processed group is established 3 repetitions, each repetition 400 tail fishes, and between group, initial body weight is without significant difference.The daily ration of test group is the fish meal that adds above-mentioned feed addictive B1 according to the 1.5wt% of fish meal gross weight; The daily ration of control group is the fish meal that does not add the identical weight of additive B 1, and the basal feed component in test group and control group is identical.Two processed group fishes are thrown something and fed 4 times every day, and each feeding volume is determined according to the actual situation of ingesting.Duration of test regularly carries out routine disinfection sterilization.Feed after 60 days, eachly repeat to select 40 tail fishes to sample, measure index of correlation, measurement result all represents with mean value, and record is depicted as corresponding form.Result is as follows:
Table 1
| ? | Fish tail number (tail) | Starting weight (g/ tail) | End heavy (g/ tail) | Rate of body weight gain (%) | Feed conversion rate (%) |
| Control group | 1200 | 258 | 635 | 146 | 68 |
| Test group | 1200 | 258 | 670 | 160 | 72 |
In upper table 1, starting weight refers to the average weight of the front every tail fish of test.The average weight of every tail fish after end heavily refers to and feeds 60 days.Feed conversion rate refers to the weight of every tail fish increase and the ratio of its food ration.
As can be seen from Table 1: test group grass carp improves 9.6% compared with control group grass carp rate of body weight gain, feed conversion rate improves 6%.Therefore, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed that contains this additive all can significantly promote Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus, improve food conversion ratio.
Table 2
| ? | Fish tail number (tail) | Muscle calcium content (%) |
| Control group | 1200 | 0.30 |
| Test group | 1200 | 0.41 |
As can be seen from Table 2: test group grass carp improves 37% compared with control group grass carp muscle calcium content.Therefore, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed that contains this additive all can significantly improve muscle calcium content, improve the muscle nutrition quality of grass carp.
Table 3
| ? | Fish tail number (tail) | Muscle cooking loss (%) | Refrigerate muscle pH value after 24 hours | Hydroxyproline content (the mg/100g flesh of fish) |
| Control group | 1200 | 14 | 6.21 | 0.73 |
| Test group | 1200 | 12 | 6.34 | 0.79 |
The muscle chewiness of hydroxyproline content energy Efficient Characterization fish in upper table 3, described hydroxyproline content is higher, shows that the muscle chewiness of fish is better, and the mouthfeel of the flesh of fish is also just better.Refrigerate the storge quality that muscle pH value after 24 hours can the Efficient Characterization flesh of fish, refrigerate after 24 hours muscle pH value lower, show that the storge quality of oppressing is poorer.
As can be seen from Table 3: test group grass carp reduces by 14% compared with control group grass carp muscle cooking loss, refrigerate muscle pH value after 24 hours and improve 2.1%, hydroxyproline content improves 8.2%.Therefore, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed that contains this additive all can significantly reduce muscle cooking loss, improve refrigeration 24 hours after muscle pH value and hydroxyproline content, improve oppress mouthfeel and muscle shelf characteric.
In sum, fish feed additive of the present invention and the feed that contains this additive all can improve fish muscle calcium content, and muscle pH value after reducing muscle cooking loss, improve the chewability of the flesh of fish and refrigerating 24 hours, improves flesh of fish mouthfeel; In addition, can also promote fish growth to grow, improve food utilization efficiency.There is easy to use, the advantage such as cost is low, non-toxic and safe.
Embodiment 2:
Get riboflavin 0.0008 weight portion, tryptophan 0.39 weight portion, isoleucine 0.67 weight portion, zinc 0.0029 weight portion, makes feed addictive B2 after mixing.
Embodiment 3:
Get riboflavin 0.0003 weight portion, tryptophan 0.18 weight portion, isoleucine 1.58 weight portions, zinc 0.0089 weight portion, makes feed addictive B3 after mixing.
Above-described embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, in the mode identical with embodiment 1, test group is set and control group is tested, only feed addictive is different from the ratio of basal feed, feed addictive in embodiment 2 accounts for the 0.5wt% of fish meal total amount, and the feed addictive in embodiment 3 accounts for the 2.5wt% of fish meal total amount.Every data in test implementation example 2 and embodiment 3 are also listed in respectively in table 4 and table 5 respectively.
Table 4
| Process | Control group | Test group |
| Fish tail number (tail) | 1200 | 1200 |
| Initial weight (g/ tail) | 258 | 256 |
| End heavy (g/ tail) | 567 | 602 |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 120 | 135 |
| Feed efficiency (%) | 65 | 68 |
| Muscle calcium content (%) | 0.27 | 0.38 |
| Muscle cooking loss (%) | 15 | 13 |
| Refrigerate muscle pH value after 24 hours | 6.25 | 6.34 |
| Hydroxyproline content (the mg/100g flesh of fish) | 0.73 | 0.78 |
From the data of upper table 4 embodiment 2, can find out: test group grass carp improves 12.5% compared with the rate of body weight gain of control group grass carp, feed conversion rate improves 4.6%, muscle calcium content improves 40.7%, muscle cooking loss reduces by 13%, refrigerate muscle pH value after 24 hours and improve 1.4%, hydroxyproline content improves 6.8%.
Table 5
| Process | Control group | Test group |
| Fish tail number (tail) | 1200 | 1200 |
| Initial weight (g/ tail) | 256 | 256 |
| End heavy (g/ tail) | 566 | 604 |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 121 | 136 |
| Feed efficiency (%) | 66 | 69 |
| Muscle calcium content (%) | 0.25 | 0.36 |
| Muscle cooking loss (%) | 17 | 15 |
| Refrigerate muscle pH value after 24 hours | 6.27 | 6.34 |
| Hydroxyproline content (the mg/100g flesh of fish) | 0.77 | 0.80 |
From the embodiment 3 of upper table 5, can find out, test group grass carp improves 12.4% compared with the rate of body weight gain of control group grass carp, and feed conversion rate improves 4.5%, muscle calcium content improves 44%, muscle cooking loss reduces by 11.8%, refrigerates muscle pH value after 24 hours and improves 1.1%, and hydroxyproline content improves 3.9%.
Above-described embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 all can obtain following beneficial effect: add feed addictive of the present invention, can improve fish muscle calcium content, muscle pH value after reducing muscle cooking loss, improve the chewability of the flesh of fish and refrigerating 24 hours, improves flesh of fish mouthfeel; Can promote fish growth, improve efficiency of feed utilization simultaneously.
In the mode identical with embodiment 1, other freshwater fishes are carried out to identical test, all can obtain above-mentioned beneficial effect, obviously improve its meat.
As mentioned above, can realize preferably the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. improve an additive for cultivation meat quality of fish, comprise the component of following weight portion: riboflavin 0.0003-0.0008 part, tryptophan 0.18-0.39 part, isoleucine 0.67-1.58 part, zinc 0.0029-0.0089 part.
2. an additive that improves cultivation meat quality of fish, is comprised of the component of following weight portion: riboflavin 0.0003-0.0008 part, tryptophan 0.18-0.39 part, isoleucine 0.67-1.58 part, zinc 0.0029-0.0089 part.
3. a using method for additive as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: described additive to join in basal feed.
4. the using method of additive according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described additive and basal feed is 1:199-1:39.
5. an application for additive as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described additive application is in freshwater aquiculture cyprinid fish.
6. a fish meal that contains additive as claimed in claim 1 or 2.
7. fish meal according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in the feed of described 100 weight portions, and the additive that contains 0.5-2.5wt%.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105231098A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-13 | 刘雷 | Additive capable of improving fish meat quality as well as preparation method and application of additive |
| CN106333085A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 四川农业大学 | Nutrition formula for resisting gossypol-induced fish enteritis, use method, application and feed |
| CN106798191A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-06-06 | 新昌县柏克动物饲料技术开发有限公司 | Improve the additive of cultivation meat quality of fish |
| CN111955624A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Taiwan loach feed additive and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111955624A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 广东海大集团股份有限公司 | Taiwan loach feed additive and preparation method and application thereof |
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