CN104783002A - Nutritious formula and feed for preventing gill congestion and gill-rot diseases - Google Patents
Nutritious formula and feed for preventing gill congestion and gill-rot diseases Download PDFInfo
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- CN104783002A CN104783002A CN201510235711.1A CN201510235711A CN104783002A CN 104783002 A CN104783002 A CN 104783002A CN 201510235711 A CN201510235711 A CN 201510235711A CN 104783002 A CN104783002 A CN 104783002A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutritious formula and feed for preventing gill congestion and gill-rot diseases. The nutritious feed consists of the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-1.2 parts of fortide, 0.005-0.023 parts of vitamin E and 0.0043-0.011 parts of iron. The nutritious feed disclosed by the invent, in which is added within the scope, can be used for effectively preventing the gill congestion and gill-rot diseases caused by ammonia nitrogen in water, so as to relieve gill congestion, reduce the occurrence of gill-rot diseases and guarantee the health of gills and fishes. Meanwhile, the nutritious feed can be used for promoting the growth of the fishes and the efficiency of the feed can be increased. The nutritious formula has the advantages of being convenient to use, low in cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish culture field, concrete, relate to a kind of prevention and cause the nutrition prescription of the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot due to ammonia nitrogen in water and contain the feed of this prescription.
Background technology
Because aquatic products are rich in high-quality protein, several kinds of mineral elements and vitamin, become and improve consumer's diet structure, improve one of important meat of human health level.Along with consumer is to the cognition gradually of its health benefit, its consumption figure increases fast, and in current China pre-capita consumption meat total amount product, fishery-ies product has accounted for nearly 30%.Ever-increasing consumption demand amount can only rely on modern high density intensive culture to ensure, cultivation fishery-ies product provides the fishery-ies product consumption figure of 60% at present.But high density intensive feeding is while increasing substantially cultured output, also bringing breeding water body ammonia-nitrogen content increases rapidly, causes ammonia nitrogen severe overweight in breeding water body.In water, ammonia nitrogen exceeds standard is cause cultivating the principal element that the fish gill is congested, gill rot occurs.In water, ammonia nitrogen enters fish body, and the impact of zygobranchiate tissue cellularity is remarkable, and be embodied in the hyperemia of gill portion, gill rot, cause fish gill physiological function impaired, expiratory dyspnea, reduce fish growth speed, cause fish kills, year, economic loss was up to more than 6,000,000,000 yuan.Therefore, how to prevent the fish gill hyperemia because ammonia nitrogen in water causes, gill rot is technology needs the most urgent during current fish culture is produced.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of prevention and causes the nutrition prescription of the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot generation due to ammonia nitrogen in water and contain the feed of this prescription.
The present invention's adopted technical scheme that solves the problem is, a kind of nutrition prescription preventing the hyperemia of the fish gill and gill rot is provided, comprise the component of following weight portion: rich power peptide 0.4-1.2 weight portion, vitamin E 0.005-0.023 weight portion, iron 0.0043-0.011 weight portion.
Prevent a nutrition prescription for the hyperemia of the fish gill and gill rot, be made up of the component of following weight portion: rich power peptide 0.4-1.2 weight portion, vitamin E 0.005-0.023 weight portion, iron 0.0043-0.011 weight portion.
Preferably, in described nutrition prescription, the weight portion of each component is: rich power peptide 0.44-1.1 weight portion, vitamin E 0.006-0.022 weight portion, iron 0.0046-0.010 weight portion.
Preferably, in described nutrition prescription, the weight portion of each component is: rich power peptide 1.2 weight portion, vitamin E 0.0095 weight portion, iron 0.0062 weight portion.
Wherein, described rich power peptide, containing a large amount of small peptide active materials, can improve the rate of body weight gain of fish, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio, PER, reduces feed coefficient; Improve protein content and the muscle amino acid total amount of fish tissue, reduce muscle moisture, improve flesh quality.
Wherein, described vitamin E is the nutriment maintaining fish normal growth, can promote fish growth, improves efficiency of feed utilization; Improve muscle local flavor; Promote blood lipid metabolism and the synthesis of fish body protein; Strengthen body to the resistance of pathogen.
Wherein, described iron is the essential trace element of fish, can promote growing of fish liver pancreas and enteron aisle, improves the abilities of digestive and absorption of fish; Strengthen the activities of antioxidant enzymes of fish tissue and the content of non-enzymatic polyphenoils, improve body and support antiradical activities, reduce oxidative damage; Improve specificity and non-specific immunity.
As mentioned above, those skilled in the art will know that: above-mentioned each independent nutriment has certain effect for the tool such as health of the growing of fish body, muscle and enteron aisle, but but do not have above-mentioned each independent nutriment the to have fish gill that prevention causes due to ammonia nitrogen is congested and the report of the pertinent literature of gill rot.Present inventor is found by the scientific experiment of system: by above-mentioned independent nutriment to be used as nutrition prescription after specific ratio mixing, the ability that the fish gill resists ammonia nitrogen stress in water can be significantly improved, minimizing causes the generation of the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot due to ammonia nitrogen in water, ensures the healthy development of the fish gill.It is not only the inherent requirement that China culture fishery develops in a healthy way, be also ensure Safety of Aquatic Products in the urgent need to.
Nutrition prescription of the present invention effectively can prevent the congested and gill rot in the fish gill portion that causes due to ammonia nitrogen in water, and the congested and gill rot incidence of the gill does not use the situation of this nutrition prescription to reduce more than 64% and 68% respectively.
A kind of feed containing described nutrition prescription.
Wherein, in the feed of 100 weight portions, the nutrition prescription containing 0.2-2wt%.
Wherein, the basal feed in feed of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the basal feed that those skilled in the art commonly use is all available, concrete as fish meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, secondary powder, fish oil, soya-bean oil, wheat bran, rice bran etc.
Nutrition prescription of the present invention and the feed containing this nutrition prescription are applicable to the cultured freshwater fish such as grass carp, carp, are particularly useful for grass carp.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1., by adding the nutrition prescription of scope of the present invention, can effectively prevent, because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot, to reduce the fish gill congested, reduce gill rot and occur, the guarantee fish gill is healthy, and the congested rate of the gill and gill rot incidence reduce more than 64% and 68% respectively;
2. improve fish growth speed and feed efficiency, there is easy to use, low cost and other advantages.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The traditional test methods that performance test in the present invention adopts those skilled in the art to commonly use.The raw material adopted in the present invention is commercially available prod, and wherein, rich power peptide is Chengdu Mei Yide Bioisystech Co., Ltd product, aquatic products tailored version.
Embodiment 1:
Get rich power peptide 0.4 weight portion, vitamin E 0.023 weight portion, iron 0.011 weight portion, obtained nutrition prescription S1 after mixing.
In order to verify effect of the present invention, nutrition prescription of the present invention be applied in Sichuan, Chongqing, 12 plants in Guangxi grass carp upper (body weight is at 266-269g) test.Test fish is divided into test group and control group two groups, and each processed group establishes 3 repetitions, and each repetition 430 tail fish, between group, original body mass is without significant difference.The daily ration of test group is the fish meal adding above-mentioned nutrition prescription S1 according to the 0.4wt% of fish meal gross weight; The daily ration of control group is the fish meal of the identical weight of not adding nutrition prescription S1.Two processed group fishes are thrown something and fed 4 times every day, and each feeding volume is according to the actual situation and determining of ingesting.Duration of test regularly carries out routine disinfection sterilization.Weigh after feeding 56 days, eachly repeat selection 30 tail fish and sample, carry out ammonia nitrogen stress experiment, experimental group and control group 15ppm NH
4 +coerce 72 hours, period not feeding and change water.After stress experiment terminates, the fish tail number of the hyperemia of the statistics gill and gill rot, and be recorded in following table 1.
The fish of ammonia nitrogen stress shows as floating head, and mouth opens very large, and show as severe depletion of oxygen, gill edge turns white.
Embodiment 2
Get rich power peptide 1.2 weight portion, vitamin E 0.0095 weight portion, iron 0.0062 weight portion, obtained nutrition prescription S2 after mixing.
Embodiment 3
Rich power peptide 2 weight portion 0.7, vitamin E 0.005 weight portion, iron 0.0043 weight portion, obtained nutrition prescription S3 after mixing.
Comparative example 1
Get rich power peptide 0.3 weight portion, vitamin E 0.03 weight portion, iron 0.016 weight portion, obtained nutrition prescription DS1 after mixing.
Comparative example 2
Get rich power peptide 1.4 weight portion, vitamin E 0.001 weight portion, iron 0.03 weight portion, obtained nutrition prescription DS2 after mixing.
The mode that above-described embodiment 2-3, comparative example 1-2 are identical with embodiment 1 is tested, and S2, S3, DS1, DS2 addition is respectively 0.2wt%, 2wt%, 0.2wt%, 2wt% of fish meal total amount.Every data respectively in testing example 2-3 and comparative example 1-2 also will the results are shown in following table 1.
Table 1
| Control group | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Initial weight (g/ tail) | 266 | 267 | 269 | 268 | 266 | 266 |
| End heavy (g/ tail) | 886 | 1026 | 1014 | 998 | 924 | 923 |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 233 | 284 | 277 | 272 | 247 | 247 |
| Feed efficiency (%) | 61 | 68 | 73 | 71 | 64 | 63 |
| Fish tail number (tail) | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 |
| Congested fish tail number (tail) of the gill | 34 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 32 | 37 |
| The congested rate (%) of the gill | 37.8 | 8.9 | 4.4 | 12.2 | 35.6 | 41.1 |
| Gill rot fish tail number (tail) | 36 | 11 | 6 | 13 | 33 | 39 |
| Gill rot rate (%) | 40 | 12.2 | 6.7 | 14.4 | 36.7 | 43.3 |
As can be seen from upper table 1, relative to control group, after adopting the nutrition prescription feeding cultivation fish of formula of the present invention, in ammonia nitrogen stress experiment, the fish generation gill of experimental group (embodiment 1-3) mantissa that is congested and gill rot declines to a great extent compared with there is gill fish tail number that is congested and gill rot in control group, the congested fish tail number of the gill of control group is about more than 3 times of experimental group, and the gill rot fish tail number of control group is about more than 2.7 times of experimental group.Show, the nutrition prescription of filling a prescription described in the application effectively can improve the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of cultivation fish, reduces the congested rate of the gill and the gill rot rate of cultivation fish.
And, compared by embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2, can find out, the content of each nutriment of composition nutrition prescription has larger impact for the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability cultivating fish, compared to the nutrition prescription adopted not in scope of the present invention, the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the cultivation fish adopting the nutrition prescription in scope of the present invention to feed is excellent, the congested incidence of the gill and gill rot rate decline significantly, the gill fish tail number that is congested and gill rot caused due to ammonia nitrogen significantly reduces, in ammonia nitrogen stress experiment, the congested incidence of the gill of cultivation fish can control below 13%, more preferably even can control below 5%, the gill rot rate of cultivation fish can control below 15%, more preferably even can control below 7%, the congested fish tail number of the gill of comparative example 1-2 is about more than 3 times of embodiment 1-3, and the gill rot fish tail number of comparative example 1-2 is about more than 2.5 times of embodiment 1-3.
And the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the cultivation fish adopting the nutrition prescription not in scope of the present invention to feed is improved not obvious, the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of the cultivation fish that nutrition prescription also may do not adopted even to feed is poorer, in ammonia nitrogen stress experiment, the congested incidence of the gill of the cultivation fish of comparative example 1 and gill rot rate are slightly improved compared with the congested incidence of the gill of control group and gill rot rate, but effect is also not obvious, and the congested incidence of the gill of the cultivation fish of comparative example 2 and gill rot rate even compared with the congested incidence of the gill of control group and gill rot rate higher.
As can be seen from embodiment 1-3, the gill of embodiment 2 fish tail number that is congested and gill rot is obviously less, the gill half that is congested and gill rot fish tail number being about embodiment 1 and embodiment 3 is respectively also few, therefore, and the prescription of proportioning shown in nutrition prescription more preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Separately, it can also be seen that from upper table 1, the fish of experimental group grows and more excellent all compared with control group and comparative example 1-2 of feed efficiency.
In sum, nutrition prescription of the present invention and the feed containing this nutrition prescription all can effectively prevent, because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot, to reduce the fish gill congested, and reduce gill rot and occur, the guarantee fish gill is healthy; Can fish growth be promoted simultaneously, improve feed efficiency.There is easy to use, low cost and other advantages.
Carry out identical test to other freshwater fishes in the same manner as example 1, all can obtain above-mentioned beneficial effect, effectively prevent because ammonia nitrogen in water causes the hyperemia of fish gill portion and gill rot, the minimizing fish gill is congested, reduces gill rot generation, the guarantee cheek and fish body health.
As mentioned above, the present invention can be realized preferably.
Claims (6)
1. prevent a nutrition prescription for the hyperemia of the fish gill and gill rot, it is characterized in that, comprise the component of following weight portion: rich power peptide 0.4-1.2 weight portion, vitamin E 0.005-0.023 weight portion, iron 0.0043-0.011 weight portion.
2. prevent a nutrition prescription for the hyperemia of the fish gill and gill rot, it is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following weight portion: rich power peptide 0.4-1.2 weight portion, vitamin E 0.005-0.023 weight portion, iron 0.0043-0.011 weight portion.
3. nutrition prescription according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described rich power peptide is 0.44-1.1 weight portion, and described vitamin E is 0.006-0.022 weight portion, and described iron is 0.0046-0.010 weight portion.
4. nutrition prescription according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described rich power peptide 1.2 weight portion, described vitamin E is 0.0095 weight portion, and described iron is 0.0062 weight portion.
5. the feed containing, for example nutrition prescription according to any one of Claims 1-4.
6. feed according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in the feed of 100 weight portions, and the nutrition prescription containing 0.2-2wt%.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111296684A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-19 | 四川斯特佳饲料有限公司 | Feed for improving non-specific immunity of pelteobagrus fulvidraco |
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Application publication date: 20150722 |