CN104798575A - Medium concave ridging culture method for tobacco - Google Patents
Medium concave ridging culture method for tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN104798575A CN104798575A CN201510171389.0A CN201510171389A CN104798575A CN 104798575 A CN104798575 A CN 104798575A CN 201510171389 A CN201510171389 A CN 201510171389A CN 104798575 A CN104798575 A CN 104798575A
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- tobacco
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- ridging
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medium concave ridging culture method for tobacco, and aims at solving the technical problems of difficult operation in film opening and oil covering, work and time waste and poor mechanical soil covering in the existing tobacco ridging culture technology. The method comprises the steps of (1) ridging, namely, forming medium concave tobacco ridges in a tobacco field; (2) transplanting and covering with film, namely, transplanting tobacco seedlings into the sunken parts of the smoke ridges, and covering a mulching film on the top part of the tobacco ridge after transplanting, so that the tobacco seedlings can grow below the film; (3) opening the film and covering with soil, namely, removing the mulching film at the resettling growth stage of the tobacco seedling growing, filling soil from two side ridge walls into the sunken parts to achieve film opening and soil covering. According to the method, the film opening and soil covering can be achieved; the problem that the film opening and soil covering are difficult to popularize in the existing field of tobacco planting; in addition, the film opening and soil covering are convenient to operate; the labor cost and working hours in tobacco planting can be saved; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of preventing diseases, resisting drought and increasing output; the method is beneficial for the tobacco plant growing, can improve the tobacco quality, and can be widely popularized in the field of tobacco planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco planting technical field, be specifically related to a drop centre type Root growth method grown tobacco.
Background technology
Root growth technology is the method generally used in cigarette transplantation of seedlings process, and vega Root growth is conducive to prevention waterlogging to be taked precautions against drought, reduce disease, and vega ridging adds soil light-receiving area simultaneously, thus can improve ground temperature, is conducive to tobacco seedling growth.Root growth normal with film-mulching technique with the use of, carry out plastic mulching before and after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the water of soil, fertilizer, gas, heat condition can be improved, improve ground temperature, keep moisture, improve soil physical and chemical property, improve utilization rate of fertilizer and alleviate damage by disease and insect.The tobacco field ridger of current routine the ridge of rising in " turtleback shape ", the upper surface on ridge is the arc of epirelief, the ridge of this shape, at cigarette seedling group later stage ridging operating difficulties, time-consuming, and on such ridge after overlay film, there is the problem of taking off film difficulty, if do not take off film, mulch film can cause soil pollution, infringement soil quality.Owing to there is above-mentioned technical barrier, make cigarette seedling take off film ridging technology mid-term and be difficult to promote in tobacco planting industry.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve that existing tobacco Root growth technology exists takes off film ridging operating difficulties, time-consuming, and is unfavorable for the technical problem of mechanization ridging operation.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The drop centre type Root growth method that design one grows tobacco, comprises the following steps:
(1) ridging: play drop centre type cigarette ridge in vega, the shape on this drop centre type cigarette ridge is: ridge height 30-40cm, and Yan Long top, to lower recess, forms ridge, both sides wall and middle depressed part, the degree of depth of described depressed part is 20-25cm, and the width suitable for reading of depressed part is 40-60cm;
(2) transplanting, overlay film: by cigarette transplantation of seedlings in the depressed part on cigarette ridge, at Yan Long top covering with plastic film after transplanting, cigarette seedling is grown under film, cigarette spacing mulch film 5-10cm;
(3) take off film ridging: in group's later stage of tobacco seedling growth, throw off mulch film, fill out in this depressed part by the soil of ridge, both sides wall, realize taking off film ridging, ridging is highly 15-20cm.
Except above-mentioned steps, other steps of tobacco planting are conventionally carried out.
Preferably, at the spaced apart draining hole being provided with some in depressed part one or both sides on every row cigarette ridge, this depressed part is connected with outside, cigarette ridge by described draining hole.
Preferably, the ground film thickness covered in step (2) is 0.012-0.015mm.
Preferably, the cross section of described depressed part is inverted trapezoidal or del.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the shape on cigarette ridge adopts drop centre type, cigarette seed is implanted in the depressed part on cigarette ridge, cigarette transplantation of seedlings after image grows in basin, after Yan Long top covers topotype, ridge, the both sides wall on cigarette ridge supports topotype, subenvironment under the depressed part on cigarette ridge forms an inner film, be conducive to like this improving ground temperature, promote the decomposition of nutrient and the absorption of moisture, the permeability of soil improves simultaneously, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote cigarette strain early to send out fast long, cigarette seedling grows the effect can also played and reduce damage by disease and insect invasion and attack under film.
2. drop centre type cigarette ridge coordinates plastic mulching, because cigarette seedling grows under film, in cigarette seedling group's later stage, easily can be thrown off by mulch film, solve existing tobacco planting and take off film difficulty, time-consuming, do not take off the technical barrier that film can cause again soil pollution; Use the thickening mulch film of 0.012-0.015mm during covering with plastic film, advantageously in easily taking off film, thickening mulch film simultaneously and also can when rainy, prevent depressed part from intaking, reducing waterlogging risk; Thicken mulch film can reclaim and secondary utilization, can also reduce costs while realizing environmental protection, be easy to be accepted by tobacco grower.
3. existing " turtleback shape " cigarette ridge, because Yan Long top is inherently the arc of epirelief, will earth up at the Yan Long top of arc again, not easy to operate, the limited height (less than 10cm) of ridging, is more unfavorable for machinery ridging operation; And the present invention adopts drop centre type cigarette ridge, after taking off film, the soil of ridge, Yan Long both sides wall is inserted depressed part, light ridging can be realized, be conducive to mechanization ridging operation, compared with existing " turtleback shape " cigarette ridge, ridging highly rises to 15-20cm, after ridging, root system is sprouted at cigarette strain stem stalk place, the adventive root quantity of cigarette strain can be increased, increase the Nutrient Absorption of cigarette strain, be conducive to cigarette strain healthy growth.
4. offer draining hole in depressed part one or both sides, cigarette ridge, if run into rainy weather, the ponding in the depressed part of cigarette ridge can be discharged, prevent from forming damage caused by waterlogging.
5. present invention achieves and take off film ridging, overcome existing tobacco planting field take off film ridging be difficult to promote a difficult problem, and take off film, earth up easy to operate, the human cost of tobacco planting can be saved, save man-hour, there is the advantage of diseases prevention, drought resisting, volume increase simultaneously, be conducive to cigarette strain growth, improve quality of tobacco, be adapted at tobacco planting field and promote on a large scale.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram before and after the ridging of existing " turtleback shape " cigarette ridge.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram before and after the ridging of drop centre type cigarette ridge of the present invention.
Wherein, h1 is that ridge is high; H2 is the depressed part degree of depth; H3 is ridging height; A is depressed part width suitable for reading.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, but following examples are only used to describe the present invention in detail, and limit the scope of the invention never in any form.
The drop centre type Root growth method that embodiment 1: grows tobacco, see Fig. 2, comprises the following steps:
(1) ridging: play drop centre type cigarette ridge in vega, the shape on this drop centre type cigarette ridge is: ridge height h1 is 30-40cm, Yan Long top is to lower recess, form ridge, both sides wall and middle depressed part, the cross section of depressed part is inverted trapezoidal, the degree of depth h2 of depressed part is 20-25cm, and the width a suitable for reading of depressed part is 40-60cm; At the spaced apart draining hole being provided with some in depressed part one or both sides on every row cigarette ridge, this depressed part is connected with outside, cigarette ridge by described draining hole;
(2) transplanting, overlay film: by cigarette transplantation of seedlings in the depressed part on cigarette ridge, cover at Yan Long top after transplanting and thicken mulch film, ground film thickness is 0.012-0.015mm, and cigarette seedling is grown under film, cigarette spacing mulch film 5-10cm;
(3) take off film ridging: in group's later stage of tobacco seedling growth, throw off mulch film, fill out in this depressed part by the soil of ridge, both sides wall, realize taking off film ridging, ridging height h3 is 15-20cm.
Implantation methods involved in the embodiment above if no special instructions, is general planting method.
Compare with " turtleback shape " cigarette ridge cultivating method of routine and drop centre type cultivation method of the present invention below, the specific embodiment of the present invention be described:
Existing " turtleback shape " cigarette ridge cultivating method, usual cigarette row spacing 110-130cm, ridge height 20-30cm, cigarette seedling direct transplantation is at the arc top on cigarette ridge, see Fig. 1, when earthing up, need by earth culture in Yan Long top, because Yan Long top is originally as arc, during ridging, the new soil on top is easily along the landing of Yan Long both sides, and a cigarette strain group later stage stem stalk position is higher, ridging operation is time-consuming, is unfavorable for machinery ridging operation, in addition, earth up highly also limited, ridging height h3 is not easy more than 10cm usually.Coordinate the film-mulching technique of this kind of cigarette ridge cultivating method, be before cigarette transplantation of seedlings or transplant after by plastic mulching on cigarette ridge, the position opening of cigarette strain root on mulch film, cigarette strain stem stalk exposes mulch film external growth, when cigarette strain grow into certain phase need ridging time, usually direct by earth culture on mulch film, and do not carry out taking off film, reason is that taking off film wastes time and energy, tobacco grower is unwilling to drop into after artificial and cost carries out taking off film and earths up, and thus, mulch film remains in soil, Soil Environmental Pollution can be caused, infringement soil quality.
In the present invention, during vega ridging, the mode of artificial ridging or special mechanization ridging can be adopted, the cigarette ridge of drop centre type is formed, ridge height 30-40cm at vega, slightly higher than " turtleback shape " cigarette ridge, the degree of depth of depressed part is at 20-25cm, the width suitable for reading of depressed part is at 40-60cm, and cigarette transplantation of seedlings, to the bottom of depressed part, grows as in a basin.Be covered with mulch film at Yan Long top after transplanting, ridge, both sides wall supports mulch film, subenvironment under a formation film in depressed part, the growth of the cigarette seedling group's of realization phase under film.Such tobacco seedling growth environment can reduce the generation of damage by disease and insect, is conducive to the healthy growth of cigarette seedling.Thickening mulch film can be selected to cover, when can effectively prevent rainy before taking off film like this, rainwater infiltrates the damage caused by waterlogging caused in the depressed part of cigarette ridge, thicken mulch film to be in addition convenient to take off film, can to reclaim after taking off film and secondary utilizes, can invariably lepthymenia and cause take off film difficulty, easily damaged problem.Also can start draining hole in the one or both sides of cigarette ridge depressed part, the space in depressed part is connected with outside, cigarette ridge by draining hole, in time the ponding entered in depressed part can be discharged outside, cigarette ridge, take precautions against waterlogging risk further.
After transplanting when about 45 days, cigarette seedling enters group's later stage, and now ground temperature rises, and also can not affect the normal growth of cigarette seedling after taking off film, now mulch film can be taken off, the blade destroying cigarette strain lower margin is earthed up.During ridging, the soil of ridge, Yan Long both sides wall is directly inserted in depressed part, earth up easy to operation, adopt this kind of mode easily to earth up, time saving and energy saving, be convenient to mechanization ridging operation, ridging highly can reach 15-20cm, highly has more 5-10cm than the ridging on " turtleback shape " cigarette ridge.After ridging new soil in, cigarette strain stem stalk can sprout the root system made new advances, " turtleback shape " compared to routine earths up mode, after adopting method of the present invention to earth up, the adventive root amount of cigarette strain can increase by more than 75%, huge root system can provide sufficient nutrient supply for the middle and later periods growth of cigarette strain, makes every mu of vega to increase production 10-15 kilogram, and every mu of vega increases tobacco grower income 300-400 unit.Meanwhile, because cigarette strain root system is huge, cigarette strain upper blade can be made to open, and leaf is abundant, blade is thinner, and quality of tobacco is higher.
Cultivation method of the present invention has the advantage of diseases prevention, drought resisting, volume increase, and it is simple and easy to do, be suitable for mechanized operation, adopt method of the present invention, every mu of vega can reduce recruitment about 3, and every mu of vega saves artificial expenditure about 150 yuan, and cultivation method of the present invention environmental protection more, can not soil pollution be produced, more be suitable for large range promotion use.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the present invention is described in detail above, but, person of ordinary skill in the field can understand, under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept, each design parameter in above-described embodiment can also be changed, form multiple specific embodiment, be common excursion of the present invention, describe in detail no longer one by one at this.
Claims (4)
1. a drop centre type Root growth method grown tobacco, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) ridging: play drop centre type cigarette ridge in vega, the shape on this drop centre type cigarette ridge is: ridge height 30-40cm, and Yan Long top, to lower recess, forms ridge, both sides wall and middle depressed part, the degree of depth of described depressed part is 20-25cm, and the width suitable for reading of depressed part is 40-60cm;
(2) transplanting, overlay film: by cigarette transplantation of seedlings in the depressed part on cigarette ridge, at Yan Long top covering with plastic film after transplanting, cigarette seedling is grown under film, cigarette spacing mulch film 5-10cm;
(3) take off film ridging: in group's later stage of tobacco seedling growth, throw off mulch film, fill out in this depressed part by the soil of ridge, both sides wall, realize taking off film ridging, ridging is highly 15-20cm.
2. the drop centre type Root growth method of tobacco according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at the spaced apart draining hole being provided with some in depressed part one or both sides on every row cigarette ridge, this depressed part is connected with outside, cigarette ridge by described draining hole.
3. the drop centre type Root growth method of tobacco according to claim 1, the ground film thickness covered in step (2) is 0.012-0.015mm.
4. the drop centre type Root growth method of tobacco according to claim 1, the cross section of described depressed part is inverted trapezoidal or del.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510171389.0A CN104798575A (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Medium concave ridging culture method for tobacco |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510171389.0A CN104798575A (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Medium concave ridging culture method for tobacco |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106576827A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for optimizing accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in flue-cured tobacco variety cantonese tobacco 98 tobacco plant |
| CN111972240A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-24 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Flue-cured tobacco ridge film furrow cultivation rainwater collection planting method |
| CN116918668A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-24 | 湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司 | Efficient transplanting method for flue-cured tobacco |
-
2015
- 2015-04-13 CN CN201510171389.0A patent/CN104798575A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 常瑞甫: "《中国农用地膜残留污染现状及防治对策》", 31 May 2012 * |
| 赵宏伟等: "《优质烟草高效栽培技术》", 31 January 2005 * |
| 陕西省烟草志编纂委员会: "《渭南市烟草志》", 31 January 2002 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106576827A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for optimizing accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in flue-cured tobacco variety cantonese tobacco 98 tobacco plant |
| CN111972240A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-11-24 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Flue-cured tobacco ridge film furrow cultivation rainwater collection planting method |
| CN116918668A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-24 | 湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司 | Efficient transplanting method for flue-cured tobacco |
| CN116918668B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2024-03-29 | 湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司 | Efficient transplanting method for flue-cured tobacco |
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Application publication date: 20150729 |
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