CN104782381A - Leaf-cutting propagation method for succulent round-leaf Aeoniumarboreum - Google Patents
Leaf-cutting propagation method for succulent round-leaf Aeoniumarboreum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leaf-cutting propagation method for succulent round-leaf Aeoniumarboreum. The leaf-cutting propagation method includes the following steps: 1, soil is prepared, wherein culturing soil comprises Akadama soil, bamboo charcoal, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, fermented rice hull coal, pelelith, active carbon and slow-release fertilizers; 2, round-leaf Aeoniumarboreum stock plants are irradiated by an ultraviolet lamp three times, wherein the duration of each time of irradiation ranges from 3 hours to 4 hours, and the three times of irradiation are carried out at one-day intervals; 3, leaves of the round-leaf Aeoniumarboreum stock plants in the step 2 are slightly broken off and placed at shady, cool and ventilating positions to be aired two to three days to enable fractures to be dried through airing; 4, the leaves dried through airing in the step 3 are placed on the culturing soil in the step 1 with the back faces of the leaves downward, the sides, provided with the fractures, of the leaves are slightly pressed with fingers to enable the leaves to be slant, and the fractures are tightly attached to the surface of the vermiculite; 5, after roots are grown from growing points at the fractures of the leaves, a layer of coarse gravel with the particle diameters ranging from 1 mm to 3 mm is scattered on the culturing soil. By means of the method, the leaf hydration probability is lower than 3%, and the survival rate of new plants can reach 97%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to method for propagation field, the leaf being specifically related to the black Master of roundleaf inserts propagation method.
Background technology
The mode that major part succulent all inserts by leaf is bred, and compares seminal propagation, and leaf is inserted can obtain new plant more conveniently, and simple to operate, time saving and energy saving, cost is low, is especially applicable to breeding on a small scale.The black Master of roundleaf is the one of succulent, belong to Crassulaceae palm of lotus to belong to, white peony one class bud ratio is compared much lower when roundleaf black Master leaf inserts breeding, break the blade got off easily to kill or aquation on compost, therefore blade can be placed directly on container or desktop when general leaf is inserted at present, treat its long root, sprout after be put into again on compost and cultivate further, but this kind of overall growth rate of the black Master of method breeding roundleaf is slow, effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the deficiency existed for prior art, provides the leaf of the black Master of a kind of applicable roundleaf to insert propagation method, guarantees higher bud ratio and is beneficial to the quick growth of new plant.
For realizing the object of the present invention, be achieved by the following technical solutions: the leaf of the black Master of a kind of succulent roundleaf inserts propagation method, comprises the following steps:
1. standby soil, the component of compost is: Chi Yutu, bamboo charcoal, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, rice hull carbon, pelelith, active carbon, slow-release fertilizer through fermentation, and said components shines 2-3 days take sunlight except slow-release fertilizer under; Compost divides three layers of layout from bottom to top:
Bottom: bamboo charcoal particle diameter is 10-15mm, is layered on bottom seedling-growing container, height 5-6cm;
Middle level: Chi Yutu, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, active carbon and through fermentation rice hull carbon with etc. weight ratio Homogeneous phase mixing, slow-release fertilizer is mixed into 0.2% with mass ratio range; Wherein vermiculite particle diameter is 8-12mm, and the particle diameter of the rice hull carbon through fermenting, active carbon, pelelith is 1-2mm; In slow-release fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element amount of substance is 15:9:11; Be taped against after mixing above bamboo charcoal, height 8-12cm;
Upper strata: vermiculite particle diameter is 1-3mm, is layered on the top, height 5-10mm, on vermiculite, finally sprinkle the active carbon of one deck particle diameter 0.5-1mm, active carbon only fills up the gap between vermiculite, does not hide above vermiculite;
In addition below vermiculite 2-3cm middle level compost in the latticed cotton net of layer overlay, a jiao of cotton net is rolled into cotton thread bundle and draws from seedling-growing container edge, and cotton net aperture is 2-3cm
2,, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, above observation seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, takes out in cotton thread Shu Congshui;
2. black for roundleaf Master maternal plant is used ultra violet lamp 3 times, each 3-4 hour, every other day once;
3. the blade of the step 2. black Master maternal plant of roundleaf is broken gently, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place and dry 2-3 days, make fracture air-dry;
4. by vacuum side of blade 3. air-dry for step towards transferring to step 1. on compost, make blade lean with the side of finger light pressure blade fracture, fracture is close to vermiculite surface;
5., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, compost sprinkles the coarse gravel that one deck particle diameter is 1-3mm;
6., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, the temperature that controls environment, at 20-25 DEG C, if relative air humidity is lower than 30%, was watered once every 3 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 7 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 3min;
7. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 5, when plant height reaches 2cm, the temperature that controls environment daytime is at 20-25 DEG C, and the temperature that controls environment night is at 5-10 DEG C; If relative air humidity is lower than 30%, watered once every 2 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 5 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 6min;
8. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 15, when plant height reaches 4cm, carry out foliage fertilization once, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.05%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.07%, superphosphate 0.9%; When plant to be planted height reaches 5cm, again carry out a foliage fertilization, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.08%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, superphosphate 1.2%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the bamboo charcoal of bottom is beneficial to ventilative and draining, the compost in middle level has balanced nutriment, be beneficial to the quick growth of root system after the black Master of roundleaf goes out root and absorb abundant nutriment, slow-release fertilizer adds only 0.2%, ensures soil fertility and unlikelyly hurts immature new plant; Described cotton net facilitates and imports in compost by water, easy to operate and can ensure that the globule can not directly and blade contact and hydration phenomena occurs, and cotton net is by capillarity principle conveying moisture, can ensure that each position humidity of Culture basin is even so very well, especially when the lower needs of relative air humidity more frequently water, completely avoid water to be directly against on blade, the probability of blade aquation is lower than 3%; The active carbon be sprinkling upon between vermiculite gap, top plays bacteriostasis, is beneficial to blade during blade goes out ratoon equally and does not occur corruption; Through hole controls the temperature difference at night day more than ten degree, is beneficial to the growth rate improving new plant; New plant is comparatively applicable to transplanting when 5-6cm height, carries out twice foliage fertilization before this, compensate for that root system is partially damaged and leaf growth slows down, and namely can ensure that transplanting rear plant strain growth speed does not slow down well.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The leaf of the black Master of succulent roundleaf inserts a propagation method, comprises the following steps:
1. standby soil, the component of compost is: Chi Yutu, bamboo charcoal, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, rice hull carbon, pelelith, active carbon, slow-release fertilizer through fermentation, and said components to take under sunlight solarization 3 days except slow-release fertilizer except, micro-wave oven; Compost divides three layers of layout from bottom to top.
Bottom: bamboo charcoal particle diameter is 10mm, is layered on bottom seedling-growing container, height 6cm.
Middle level: Chi Yutu, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, active carbon and through fermentation rice hull carbon with etc. weight ratio Homogeneous phase mixing, slow-release fertilizer is mixed into 0.2% with mass ratio range; Wherein vermiculite particle diameter is 12mm, and the particle diameter of the rice hull carbon through fermenting, active carbon, pelelith is 2mm; In slow-release fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element amount of substance is 15:9:11; Be taped against after mixing above bamboo charcoal, height 12cm; Vermiculite particle diameter is comparatively large, and after water suction, the water conservation time is long, can ensure compost moisture constant.
Upper strata: vermiculite particle diameter is 1mm, is layered on the top, height 10mm, the last active carbon sprinkling one deck particle diameter 0.5mm on vermiculite, active carbon only fills up the gap between vermiculite, does not hide above vermiculite, such guarantee vermiculite directly contacts with blade, is beneficial to and takes root.
In addition below vermiculite 2-3cm middle level compost in the latticed cotton net of layer overlay, a jiao of cotton net is rolled into cotton thread bundle and draws from seedling-growing container edge, and cotton net aperture is 2.5cm
2,, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, above observation seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, takes out in cotton thread Shu Congshui.
2. black for roundleaf Master maternal plant is used ultra violet lamp 3 times, each 3.5 hours, every other day once.Use after ultra violet lamp, blade case-hardening, thickens, and leaf to insert in Budding process of taking root not easily aquation, and survival rate is high.The compost surface also layer overlay gravel of maternal plant, through gravel reflecting part ultraviolet light, can make vacuum side of blade epidermis thicken hardening.
3. the blade of the step 2. black Master maternal plant of roundleaf is broken gently, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place and dry 3 days, make fracture air-dry.Air-dry is also necessary process, is also in order to ensure blade not aquation.
4. by vacuum side of blade 3. air-dry for step towards transferring to step 1. on compost, make blade lean with the side of finger light pressure blade fracture, fracture is close to vermiculite surface.Although go out like this root time compare the unsettled situation of fracture on average go out the root time can late 3-5 days, after going out root like this, root system can enter vermiculite layers sooner, then enters the compost in middle level, absorbs nutrient quickly, and new plant leaf growth speed accelerates more than 30%.
5., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, compost sprinkles the coarse gravel that one deck particle diameter is 1mm.Coarse gravel plays a protective role on the one hand, and coarse gravel is capable of reflecting light line on the other hand, makes vacuum side of blade also can carry out photosynthesis better.
6., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, the temperature that controls environment, at 20 DEG C, if relative air humidity is lower than 30%, was watered once every 3 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 7 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 3min; Cotton net is in below vermiculite layers, and after vermiculite is moistening, the compost bottom in middle level is also not moistening, therefore moisture need be enable to spread to compost bottom, middle level at wait 3min after vermiculite surface wettability.
7. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 5, when plant height reaches 2cm, the temperature that controls environment daytime is at 25 DEG C, and the temperature that controls environment night is at 5 DEG C; Temperature control using air-condition device carries out temperature control, and 25 DEG C drop in 5 DEG C of processes, and air-conditioning once turns down 5 degree, avoids the new plant of shock heating quenching frostbite.If relative air humidity is lower than 30%, watered once every 2 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 5 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 6min.
8. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 15, when plant height reaches 4cm, carry out foliage fertilization once, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.05%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.07%, superphosphate 0.9%, sprayer is used evenly to be sprayed onto on blade, a strain spray 0.5-1ml; When plant to be planted height reaches 5cm, again carry out a foliage fertilization, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.08%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, superphosphate 1.2%, uses sprayer to be evenly sprayed onto on blade, a strain spray 0.1-1.5ml.New plant is comparatively applicable to transplanting when 5-6cm height, carries out twice foliage fertilization before this, compensate for that root system is partially damaged and leaf growth slows down, and namely can ensure that transplanting rear plant speed of production does not slow down well.
Embodiment 2
The leaf of the black Master of succulent roundleaf inserts a propagation method, comprises the following steps:
1. standby soil, the component of compost is: Chi Yutu, bamboo charcoal, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, rice hull carbon, pelelith, active carbon, slow-release fertilizer through fermentation, and said components to take under sunlight solarization 2 days except slow-release fertilizer except; Compost divides three layers of layout from bottom to top:
Bottom: bamboo charcoal particle diameter is 15mm, is layered on bottom seedling-growing container, height 5cm;
Middle level: Chi Yutu, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, active carbon and through fermentation rice hull carbon with etc. weight ratio Homogeneous phase mixing, slow-release fertilizer is mixed into 0.2% with mass ratio range; Wherein vermiculite particle diameter is 8mm, and the particle diameter of the rice hull carbon through fermenting, active carbon, pelelith is 2mm; In slow-release fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element amount of substance is 15:9:11; Be taped against after mixing above bamboo charcoal, height 8cm;
Upper strata: vermiculite particle diameter is 1-3mm, is layered on the top, height 5-10mm, on vermiculite, finally sprinkle the active carbon of one deck particle diameter 0.5-1mm, active carbon only fills up the gap between vermiculite, does not hide above vermiculite;
In addition below vermiculite 2-3cm middle level compost in the latticed cotton net of layer overlay, a jiao of cotton net is rolled into cotton thread bundle and draws from seedling-growing container edge, and cotton net aperture is 2-3cm
2,, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, above observation seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, takes out in cotton thread Shu Congshui;
2. black for roundleaf Master maternal plant is used ultra violet lamp 3 times, each 3 hours, every other day once;
3. the blade of the step 2. black Master maternal plant of roundleaf is broken gently, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place and dry 2-3 days, make fracture air-dry;
4. by vacuum side of blade 3. air-dry for step towards transferring to step 1. on compost, make blade lean with the side of finger light pressure blade fracture, fracture is close to vermiculite surface;
5., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, compost sprinkles the coarse gravel that one deck particle diameter is 3mm;
6., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, the temperature that controls environment, at 20-25 DEG C, if relative air humidity is lower than 30%, was watered once every 3 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 7 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 3min;
7. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 5, when plant height reaches 2cm, the temperature that controls environment daytime is at 20-DEG C, and the temperature that controls environment night is at 10 DEG C; If relative air humidity is lower than 30%, watered once every 2 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 5 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 6min;
8. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 15, when plant height reaches 4cm, carry out foliage fertilization once, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.05%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.07%, superphosphate 0.9%; When plant to be planted height reaches 5cm, again carry out a foliage fertilization, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.08%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, superphosphate 1.2%.
Embodiment 3
The leaf of the black Master of succulent roundleaf inserts a propagation method, comprises the following steps:
1. standby soil, the component of compost is: Chi Yutu, bamboo charcoal, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, rice hull carbon, pelelith, active carbon, slow-release fertilizer through fermentation, and said components to take under sunlight solarization 2 days except slow-release fertilizer except; Compost divides three layers of layout from bottom to top:
Bottom: bamboo charcoal particle diameter is 12mm, is layered on bottom seedling-growing container, height 5.5cm;
Middle level: Chi Yutu, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, active carbon and through fermentation rice hull carbon with etc. weight ratio Homogeneous phase mixing, slow-release fertilizer is mixed into 0.2% with mass ratio range; Wherein vermiculite particle diameter is 10mm, and the particle diameter of the rice hull carbon through fermenting, active carbon, pelelith is 1.5mm; In slow-release fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element amount of substance is 15:9:11; Be taped against after mixing above bamboo charcoal, height 10cm;
Upper strata: vermiculite particle diameter is 2mm, is layered on the top, height 8mm, on vermiculite, finally sprinkle the active carbon of one deck particle diameter 1mm, active carbon only fills up the gap between vermiculite, does not hide above vermiculite;
In addition below vermiculite 2-3cm middle level compost in the latticed cotton net of layer overlay, a jiao of cotton net is rolled into cotton thread bundle and draws from seedling-growing container edge, and cotton net aperture is 2.5cm
2,, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, above observation seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, takes out in cotton thread Shu Congshui;
2. black for roundleaf Master maternal plant is used ultra violet lamp 3 times, each 3.5 hours, every other day once;
3. the blade of the step 2. black Master maternal plant of roundleaf is broken gently, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place and dry 2 days, make fracture air-dry;
4. by vacuum side of blade 3. air-dry for step towards transferring to step 1. on compost, make blade lean with the side of finger light pressure blade fracture, fracture is close to vermiculite surface;
5., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, compost sprinkles the coarse gravel that one deck particle diameter is 2mm;
6., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, the temperature that controls environment, at 23 DEG C, if relative air humidity is lower than 30%, was watered once every 3 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 7 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 3min;
7. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 5, when plant height reaches 2cm, the temperature that controls environment daytime is at 20 DEG C, and the temperature that controls environment night is at 5 DEG C; If relative air humidity is lower than 30%, watered once every 2 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 5 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 6min;
8. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 15, when plant height reaches 4cm, carry out foliage fertilization once, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.05%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.07%, superphosphate 0.9%; When plant to be planted height reaches 5cm, again carry out a foliage fertilization, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.08%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, superphosphate 1.2%.
Above-mentioned 3 embodiments are carried out leaf with 50 blades respectively and are inserted multiply test, leaf inserts the time in by the end of October, 2014, the new plant survival rate of embodiment 1 is to 97%, embodiment 2,3 is respectively 93% and 95%, visible, each step adopts the parameter of embodiment 1 to carry out leaf and inserts breeding, can reach higher survival rate; And the new plant of embodiment 1 reaches 5-6cm height the soonest.
Because succulent is various in style, different cultivars is to environmental requirement difference to some extent, and when the leaf carrying out the black Master of roundleaf inserts experiment, simultaneously in Culture basin, leaf inserts the jade etc. of succulent nine dragons of other kind, Paeonia delavayi, rainbow, does not but reach good effect.
Claims (1)
1. the leaf of the black Master of succulent roundleaf inserts a propagation method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. standby soil, the component of compost is: Chi Yutu, bamboo charcoal, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, rice hull carbon, pelelith, active carbon, slow-release fertilizer through fermentation, and said components shines 2-3 days take sunlight except slow-release fertilizer under; Compost divides three layers of layout from bottom to top:
Bottom: bamboo charcoal particle diameter is 10-15mm, is layered on bottom seedling-growing container, height 5-6cm;
Middle level: Chi Yutu, sphagna, vermiculite, peat soil, active carbon and through fermentation rice hull carbon with etc. weight ratio Homogeneous phase mixing, slow-release fertilizer is mixed into 0.2% with mass ratio range; Wherein vermiculite particle diameter is 8-12mm, and the particle diameter of the rice hull carbon through fermenting, active carbon, pelelith is 1-2mm; In slow-release fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element amount of substance is 15:9:11; Be taped against after mixing above bamboo charcoal, height 8-12cm;
Upper strata: vermiculite particle diameter is 1-3mm, is layered on the top, height 5-10mm, on vermiculite, finally sprinkle the active carbon of one deck particle diameter 0.5-1mm, active carbon only fills up the gap between vermiculite, does not hide above vermiculite;
In addition below vermiculite 2-3cm middle level compost in the latticed cotton net of layer overlay, a jiao of cotton net is rolled into cotton thread bundle and draws from seedling-growing container edge, and cotton net aperture is 2-3cm
2,, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, above observation seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, takes out in cotton thread Shu Congshui;
2. black for roundleaf Master maternal plant is used ultra violet lamp 3 times, each 3-4 hour, every other day once;
3. the blade of the step 2. black Master maternal plant of roundleaf is broken gently, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place and dry 2-3 days, make fracture air-dry;
4. by vacuum side of blade 3. air-dry for step towards transferring to step 1. on compost, make blade lean with the side of finger light pressure blade fracture, fracture is close to vermiculite surface;
5., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, compost sprinkles the coarse gravel that one deck particle diameter is 1-3mm;
6., after blade incision position growing point sends out roots, the temperature that controls environment, at 20-25 DEG C, if relative air humidity is lower than 30%, was watered once every 3 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 7 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 3min;
7. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 5, when plant height reaches 2cm, the temperature that controls environment daytime is at 20-25 DEG C, and the temperature that controls environment night is at 5-10 DEG C; If relative air humidity is lower than 30%, watered once every 2 days, as air humidity is greater than 70%, watered once every 5 days; When watering, cotton thread bundle end is reached in water, observe above seedling-growing container after vermiculite surface wettability, then take out in cotton thread Shu Congshui after maintaining 6min;
8. treat that new plant blade quantity is more than 15, when plant height reaches 4cm, carry out foliage fertilization once, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.05%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.07%, superphosphate 0.9%; When plant to be planted height reaches 5cm, again carry out a foliage fertilization, fertilizer components is by weight percentage: urea 0.08%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, superphosphate 1.2%.
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| CN105900728B (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-12-25 | 浙江建设职业技术学院 | A kind of Nutrition Soil and cultural method of succulent cultivation |
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| CN107079701A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-22 | 王大吉 | A kind of leaf of the jade of succulent rainbow inserts propagation method |
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