CN104737971A - Special water body osmotic pressure regulator for culturing litopenaeus vannamei and application method - Google Patents
Special water body osmotic pressure regulator for culturing litopenaeus vannamei and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737971A CN104737971A CN201510140568.8A CN201510140568A CN104737971A CN 104737971 A CN104737971 A CN 104737971A CN 201510140568 A CN201510140568 A CN 201510140568A CN 104737971 A CN104737971 A CN 104737971A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special water body osmotic pressure regulator for culturing litopenaeus vannamei and an application method. The special water body osmotic pressure regulator comprises, by weight, 1-2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 0.01-0.02 part of vitamin C, 0.01-0.02 part of vitamin E, 0.5-1 part of calcium chloride, 0.01-0.02 part of pyridoxine, 0.1-0.5 part of potassium chloride, 0.01-0.03 part of sodium silicate, 15-20 parts of well salt, 0.01-0.015 part of phosphocreatine, 0.1-0.3 part of boric acid, 0.01-0.02 part of glucose, 0.02-0.04 part of potassium bromide, 0.02-0.05 part of sodium bicarbonate, 8-10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 0.1-0.15 part of soybean oligosaccharides, 20-25 parts of sea salt and 5-8 parts of monocalcium phosphate. Through adjusting the salt content and osmotic pressure of fresh water for culturing the litopenaeus vannamei, the litopenaeus vannamei in a high-salt-content sea water growth environment is adapted to a low-salt-content fresh water growth environment.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of water body osmotic pressure regulator that breeding seawater animal Penaeus Vannmei is special in fresh water and application method thereof, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology:
Penaeus Vannmei, having and adapt to that wide, the premunition of salinity range is strong, fast growth, dressing percentage are high, delicious meat, high protein and low fat, be suitable for the features such as artificial high-density breeding, is one of three large cultured prawn improved seeds that the world today generally acknowledges.China introduced in 1988, mainly in the cultivation of coastal eurysalinity waters, but for a long time, coastal long-term cultivation, water quality deterioration, virus and bacterium wreak havoc, natural calamity takes place frequently, and cause the coastal cultivation underproduction, and domestic people constantly rise to the consumption of Penaeus Vannmei, therefore, the source of goods appears in recent year Penaeus Vannmei consumption market, and supply falls short of demand, and this provides chance for inland South Botanical Development penaeus vannamei fresh water is propagated artificially.
Penaeus Vannmei is so far in China's fresh water breeding not success, the supply of shrimp seedling is provided by the seawater breeding field of coastal high salinity, because shrimp seedling directly enters fresh water by the seawater of high salinity, cultivation water environment osmotic pressure is undergone mutation with the reduction on a large scale of water salinity, by causing shrimp body osmotic pressure can not adapt to the abrupt change of osmotic pressure of water environment, death occurs.Therefore, by adding a kind of fresh water osmotic pressure regulator of applicable Penaeus Vannmei growth in cultivation water environment, carry out Desalination and cultivation, overcome the difficult problem that Penaeus Vannmei causes the change of shrimp body osmotic pressure dead because of breeding environment salinity altercation, be conducive to the incidence of disease reducing Penaeus Vannmei, that improves prawn puts survival rate and cultured output in a suitable place to breed, has important scientific meaning and actual application value to Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture.
Summary of the invention:
For the problems referred to above, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly cultivates the special water body osmotic pressure regulator of Penaeus Vannmei and application method.
The special water body osmotic pressure regulator of cultivation Penaeus Vannmei of the present invention is according to the chemical substance assembly of following weight portion: sodium hydroxide 1-2, vitamin C 0.01-0.02, vitamin E 0.01-0.02, calcium chloride 0.5-1, pyridoxine 0.01-0.02, potassium chloride 0.1-0.5, sodium silicate 0.001-0.003, well salt 15-20, phosphocreatine 0.01-0.015, boric acid 0.1-0.3, glucose 0.01-0.02, potassium bromide 0.02-0.04, sodium bicarbonate 0.02-0.05, magnesium sulfate 8-10, soyabean oligosaccharides 0.1-0.15, sea salt 20-25, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5-8.
Before method osmotic pressure regulator in the present invention being applied in Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture comprises the steps: (1) cultivation, add in cultivation fresh water after adopting fresh water fully to dissolve Penaeus Vannmei fresh water osmotic pressure regulator in above-mentioned formula, injecting new water regulates cultivation water environment salinity consistent with Penaeus Vannmei transport salinity water, regulate water environment pH value 7.8-9.0, oxygenation, makes water environment more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L;
(2) Penaeus Vannmei is put into the fresh water that step (1) is added with osmotic pressure regulator to support temporarily after 24 hours, inject new fresh water to cultivation water environment gradually in 24 hours and reduce water salinity, reduce salinity 1 degree every day;
(3) Penaeus Vannmei is in the process of desalination cultivation, prawn slice of throwing something and feeding in water for every 4-5 hour, and the desalination cultivation later stage feeds prawn slice and litopenaeus vannamei compound feed simultaneously;
(4) Penaeus Vannmei is in desalination cultivation process, controls water temperature at 25-28 degree, and control water environment ammonia-nitrogen content at below 0.5mg/L, cultured water content is at below 0.1mg/L;
(5) every day the ingesting of observed and recorded shrimp body, movable and death condition, the speed of adjustment desalination in time, regularly carries out soil pick-up, changes the work such as water and dispenser diseases prevention;
(6) measure shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, monitoring Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture process shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, adjust water environment salinity in time according to shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure situation of change and underspeed.
As preferably, slaked lime in described step (1), is adopted to regulate water environment to make pH value between 7.8-9.0.
As preferably, adopt hornwort and watermifoil BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Ammonia Nitrogen in Aquatic Environment content at below 0.5mg/L in described step (4), cultured water content is at below 0.1mg/L.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the method is simple to operate, it is convenient to implement, by the adjustment to culture of Penaeus vannamei limneticum and osmotic pressure, realize Penaeus Vannmei is adapted to Low-salinity fresh water growing environment by the seawater growing environment of high salinity, overcome the difficult problem that Penaeus Vannmei causes the change of shrimp body osmotic pressure dead because of breeding environment salinity acute variation, improve Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture survival rate, reduce aquaculture cost, solve the low survival rate of Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture, the technical barrier that output is not high, for white leg Shrimp the Miaos work desalination cultivation provides technical support, there is important scientific meaning and actual application value.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
For ease of illustrating, the present invention is described in detail by following concrete enforcement and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is Laboratory culture South America prawn desalination cultivation effect analysis figure in embodiment 1 in the present invention;
Fig. 2 cultivates Penaeus Vannmei interpretation of result figure in embodiment 2 in the present invention in Laboratory culture cylinder.
Embodiment:
This embodiment is by the following technical solutions: the special water body osmotic pressure regulator of Penaeus Vannmei is according to the chemical substance assembly of following weight portion: sodium hydroxide 1-2, vitamin C 0.01-0.02, vitamin E 0.01-0.02, calcium chloride 0.5-1, pyridoxine 0.01-0.02, potassium chloride 0.1-0.5, sodium silicate 0.001-0.003, well salt 15-20, phosphocreatine 0.01-0.015, boric acid 0.1-0.3, glucose 0.01-0.02, potassium bromide 0.02-0.04, sodium bicarbonate 0.02-0.05, magnesium sulfate 8-10, soyabean oligosaccharides 0.1-0.15, sea salt 20-25, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5-8.
Before method osmotic pressure regulator in this embodiment being applied in Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture comprises the steps: (1) cultivation, add in cultivation fresh water after adopting fresh water fully to dissolve Penaeus Vannmei fresh water osmotic pressure regulator in above-mentioned formula, injecting new water regulates cultivation water environment salinity consistent with Penaeus Vannmei transport salinity water, regulate water environment pH value 7.8-9.0, oxygenation, makes water environment more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L;
(2) Penaeus Vannmei is put into the fresh water that step (1) is added with osmotic pressure regulator to support temporarily after 24 hours, inject new fresh water to cultivation water environment gradually in 24 hours and reduce water salinity, reduce salinity 1 degree every day;
(3) Penaeus Vannmei is in the process of desalination cultivation, prawn slice of throwing something and feeding in water for every 4-5 hour, and the desalination cultivation later stage feeds prawn slice and litopenaeus vannamei compound feed simultaneously;
(4) Penaeus Vannmei is in desalination cultivation process, controls water temperature at 25-28 degree, and control water environment ammonia-nitrogen content at below 0.5mg/L, cultured water content is at below 0.1mg/L;
(5) every day the ingesting of observed and recorded shrimp body, movable and death condition, the speed of adjustment desalination in time, regularly carries out soil pick-up, changes the work such as water and dispenser diseases prevention;
(6) measure shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, monitoring Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture process shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, adjust water environment salinity in time according to shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure situation of change and underspeed.
As preferably, in described step (1), slaked lime is adopted to regulate water environment to make pH value between 7.8-9.0.
As preferably, in described step (4), adopt hornwort and watermifoil BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Ammonia Nitrogen in Aquatic Environment content at below 0.5mg/L, cultured water content is at below 0.1mg/L.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Embodiment 1: use Penaeus Vannmei fresh water osmotic pressure regulator of the present invention to carry out the culture experiment of Penaeus Vannmei.Concrete experimentation is: (1) culture experiment carries out at Changsha University's Research Base, and it is 80cm x 40cm x40cm that temperature-controlled glass aquarium specification is followed in indoor.Carry out in the cultivating system in Changsha University laboratory, South America white shrimp shrimp seedling provides from the seawater breeding field of domestic coastal high salinity, and shrimp seedling transport salinity water is 12 degree.
(2) Penaeus Vannmei fresh water osmotic pressure regulator preparation, the chemical substance assembly according to following weight portion: sodium hydroxide 1, vitamin C 0.02, vitamin E 0.015, calcium chloride 0.7, pyridoxine 0.015, potassium chloride 0.35, sodium silicate 0.002, well salt 16, phosphocreatine 0.015, boric acid 0.1, glucose 0.01, potassium bromide 0.03, sodium bicarbonate 0.04, magnesium sulfate 9, soyabean oligosaccharides 0.15, sea salt 20, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 6, uses 1m
3fresh water fully dissolves.
(3) fresh water of conditioning agent is pressed by solution pervasion to inject cultivation aquarium, regulate culturing jar salinity to 12 to spend with new fresh water, slaked lime regulates water environment pH value 8.5, aerator oxygenation, more than Dissolved Oxygen in Water 5mg/L, regulates water temperature at 28 degrees Celsius with thermostatical instrument.
(4) raise about 1000 tail shrimp seedlings in aquarium, support after 24 hours temporarily, in 4 hours, inject fresh water to culturing jar gradually every day and reduce aquaculture water salinity 1 degree.The mixed feed prawn slice that nursery of throwing something and feeding during cultivation is special, throw something and feed every day 6 times, each feeding 1g/ ten thousand tail, must wash with 400 object mesh bags the volume reducing prawn slice particle by rubbing with the hands when throwing something and feeding with prawn slice, mode of throwing something and feeding is for throwing something and feeding along desalination pond pool wall, Feeding time is as far as possible after desalination, and night, every 3 hours once daytime every 6 hours once.The desalination cultivation later stage feeds prawn slice and No. 0 litopenaeus vannamei compound feed simultaneously.
(5) every day the ingesting of observed and recorded shrimp body, movable and death condition, the speed of adjustment desalination in time, regularly carries out soil pick-up, changes the work such as water and dispenser diseases prevention.
(6) the miniature freezing point osmotic pressure instrument of Fiske210 is adopted to measure shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, realize Penaeus Vannmei desalination process shrimp body and the monitoring of water body osmotic pressure, adjust water environment salinity decrease speed in time according to shrimp desalination process shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure situation of change, in 12 days, salinity is reduced to 0 degree.Fig. 1 is Desalination culture efficiency analysis chart.As can be seen from Figure 1, shrimp seedling is ingested well, only on pretreatment 2 days, and because shrimp seedling transport stress reason is dead a small amount of, cultivation later stage shrimp seedling is without death condition, and Desalination culture efficiency is good.
Embodiment 2: use Penaeus Vannmei fresh water osmotic pressure regulator of the present invention to carry out the culture experiment of Penaeus Vannmei.Concrete experimentation is: (1) culture experiment carries out at Changsha University's Research Base, and it is 80cm x 40cm x40cm that temperature-controlled glass aquarium specification is followed in indoor.Carry out in the cultivating system in Changsha University laboratory, South America white shrimp shrimp seedling provides from the seawater breeding field of domestic coastal high salinity, and shrimp seedling transport salinity water is 12 degree.
(2) Penaeus Vannmei fresh water osmotic pressure regulator preparation, the chemical substance assembly according to following weight portion: sodium hydroxide 2, vitamin C 0.02, vitamin E 0.02, calcium chloride 1, pyridoxine 0.02, potassium chloride 0.5, sodium silicate 0.003, well salt 15, phosphocreatine 0.01, boric acid 0.1, glucose 0.01, potassium bromide 0.02, sodium bicarbonate 0.02, magnesium sulfate 8, soyabean oligosaccharides 0.1, sea salt 25, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 8, uses 1m
3fresh water fully dissolves.
(3) fresh water of conditioning agent is pressed by solution pervasion to inject cultivation aquarium, regulate culturing jar salinity to 12 to spend with new fresh water, slaked lime regulates water environment pH value 8.5, aerator oxygenation, more than Dissolved Oxygen in Water 5mg/L, regulates water temperature at 28 degrees Celsius with thermostatical instrument.
(4) raise about 200 tail shrimp seedlings in aquarium, support after 24 hours temporarily, in 4 hours, inject fresh water to culturing jar gradually every day and reduce aquaculture water salinity 1 degree.The mixed feed prawn slice that nursery of throwing something and feeding during cultivation is special, throw something and feed every day 6 times, each feeding 1g/ ten thousand tail, must wash with 400 object mesh bags the volume reducing prawn slice particle by rubbing with the hands when throwing something and feeding with prawn slice, mode of throwing something and feeding is for throwing something and feeding along desalination pond pool wall, Feeding time is as far as possible after desalination, and night, every 3 hours once daytime every 6 hours once.The desalination cultivation later stage feeds prawn slice and No. 0 litopenaeus vannamei compound feed simultaneously.
(5) every day the ingesting of observed and recorded shrimp body, movable and death condition, the speed of adjustment desalination in time, regularly carries out soil pick-up, changes the work such as water and dispenser diseases prevention.
(6) the miniature freezing point osmotic pressure instrument of Fiske210 is adopted to measure shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, realize Penaeus Vannmei desalination process shrimp body and the monitoring of water body osmotic pressure, adjust water environment salinity decrease speed in time according to shrimp desalination process shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure situation of change, in 10 days, salinity is reduced to 2 degree.
(7) 13 days from cultivation, regularly culturing jar is changed to the breeding water of 1/5th every day, and add appropriate osmotic pressure regulator at culturing jar, keep water salinity 2 degree.
(8) experiment is carried out starting for the 18th day, utilizes floating bed technology to interplant hornwort and watermifoil each 10 strains control cultivation fresh water below ammonia nitrogen 0.5mg/L, cultured water below the 0.1mg/L of 20cm x20cm square metre.
(9) Therapy lasted 40 days, Penaeus Vannmei body grows to the one-tenth shrimp of 6-8cm.Test data is shown in Fig. 2, show that this osmotic pressure regulator cultivates Penaeus Vannmei and succeeds in Laboratory culture cylinder by Fig. 2 analysis, survival rate and output better.
Claims (4)
1. one kind cultivates the special water body osmotic pressure regulator of Penaeus Vannmei, it is characterized in that: described water body osmotic pressure regulator is according to the chemical substance assembly of following weight portion: sodium hydroxide 1-2, vitamin C 0.01-0.02, vitamin E 0.01-0.02, calcium chloride 0.5-1, pyridoxine 0.01-0.02, potassium chloride 0.1-0.5, sodium silicate 0.001-0.003, well salt 15-20, phosphocreatine 0.01-0.015, boric acid 0.1-0.3, glucose 0.01-0.02, potassium bromide 0.02-0.04, sodium bicarbonate 0.02-0.05, magnesium sulfate 8-10, soyabean oligosaccharides 0.1-0.15, sea salt 20-25, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5-8.
2. one kind cultivates the application method of the special water body osmotic pressure regulator of Penaeus Vannmei, it is characterized in that: before its application method comprises the steps: (1) cultivation, add in cultivation fresh water after adopting fresh water fully to dissolve Penaeus Vannmei fresh water osmotic pressure regulator in above-mentioned formula, injecting new water regulates cultivation water environment salinity consistent with Penaeus Vannmei transport salinity water, regulate water environment pH value 7.8-9.0, oxygenation, makes water environment more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L;
(2) Penaeus Vannmei is put into the fresh water that step (1) is added with osmotic pressure regulator to support temporarily after 24 hours, inject new fresh water to cultivation water environment gradually in 24 hours and reduce water salinity, reduce salinity 1 degree every day;
(3) Penaeus Vannmei is in the process of desalination cultivation, prawn slice of throwing something and feeding in water for every 4-5 hour, and the desalination cultivation later stage feeds prawn slice and litopenaeus vannamei compound feed simultaneously;
(4) Penaeus Vannmei is in desalination cultivation process, controls water temperature at 25-28 degree, and control water environment ammonia-nitrogen content at below 0.5mg/L, cultured water content is at below 0.1mg/L;
(5) every day the ingesting of observed and recorded shrimp body, movable and death condition, the speed of adjustment desalination in time, regularly carries out soil pick-up, changes the work such as water and dispenser diseases prevention;
(6) measure shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, monitoring Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture process shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure, adjust water environment salinity in time according to shrimp body and water body osmotic pressure situation of change and underspeed.
3., according to a kind of application method cultivating the special water body osmotic pressure regulator of Penaeus Vannmei described in claim 2, it is characterized in that in described step (1), adopting slaked lime to make pH value between 7.8-9.0 to regulate water environment.
4. according to a kind of application method cultivating the special water body osmotic pressure regulator of Penaeus Vannmei described in claim 2, it is characterized in that adopting hornwort and watermifoil BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Ammonia Nitrogen in Aquatic Environment content at below 0.5mg/L in described step (4), cultured water content is at below 0.1mg/L.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105123590A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-09 | 长沙学院 | Method for intensively breeding penaeus vanmamei young shrimps |
| CN106689004A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-24 | 湖南文理学院 | Novel desalting method capable of increasing Penaeus vannamei survival rate and improving Penaeus vannamei quality |
| CN107285448A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-24 | 长沙市青草生物科技有限公司 | A kind of aquaculture system total alkalinity conditioning agent |
| CN108552093A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-21 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of 3 methods to water pond of 3 water drenchings of Eriocheir sinensis juvenile crab |
| CN110839574A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-28 | 天津科技大学 | Low-salinity circulating water nutrient salt balancing method for penaeus vannamei boone culture |
| CN110896904A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-24 | 湖北省小龙虾产业技术研究院有限公司 | Method for improving shrimp fry transportation survival rate |
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| CN110839574A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-28 | 天津科技大学 | Low-salinity circulating water nutrient salt balancing method for penaeus vannamei boone culture |
| CN110896904A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-24 | 湖北省小龙虾产业技术研究院有限公司 | Method for improving shrimp fry transportation survival rate |
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