CN104585105A - Ecological method for breeding young shrimps of litopenaeus vannamei in outdoor water - Google Patents
Ecological method for breeding young shrimps of litopenaeus vannamei in outdoor water Download PDFInfo
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- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ecological method for breeding young shrimps of litopenaeus vannamei in outdoor water. The method is characterized in that an indoor cement floor is changed into an outdoor cement floor, wherein the inoculation density of algae is controlled to be 5000-8000cell/ml; the inoculation time is controlled to the time before nauplii begin to be changed into zoea under the inoculation density; the synchronization between growth and propagation of the algae and requirements of an ecological system on the density of the algae is ensured; an inoculation density of rotifers is 5-10 /ml, and the inoculation time is the time before the nauplii begin to be changed into the zoea, thereby ensuring that the growth and propagation of the rotifers are e synchronous with the requirements of the young shrimps; the inoculation time of artemia is acanthosoma; the water transparency is retained at 80-120cm; the artemia has the effect of purifying the water; the content of ammonia nitrogen in the overall water is smaller than 0.2, and the content of nitrite is smaller than 0.02; the food intake of the young shrimps and the rotifers are not affected. Through the balance control on a young shrimp rearing water ecological system in the whole production process, the young shrimps take endogenous high-quality natural baits as the major food all the time; the cultured young shrimps of the litopenaeus vannamei are excellent in nutrition, healthy and high in quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture fishery, be specifically related to a kind of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method.
Background technology
Since reform and opening-up, China's fishery production improves rapidly.Aquaculture structure is from being mainly constantly to accelerate to cultivation for the paces of main conversion to fish for, and the development of culture fishery is advanced by leaps and bounds.Output of aquatic products average year progressive increase rate reaches 16%, wherein, the proportion of cultured output in fishery gross yield by 1980 30% brought up to 1997 56%, become the fishery big country that cultured output unique in the world exceedes fishery output.
Prawn is the export-oriented aquaculture species grown up the earliest after China's reform and opening-up, in China's aquaculture industry, occupy critical role.Within 2009, national prawn culturing output is more than 1,300,000 t, accounts for 40% of global gross yield.Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low originates in the ground such as Peru, Ecuador and the Gulf of Mexico, there is the features such as growth is fast, feeding habits are assorted, strong adaptability, after introducing China from 1988, seedling growing process and cultural technique are constantly ripe, within 1999, start the important kind becoming China's prawn culturing, develop rapidly in southern three provinces, district, become the foster shrimp kind that national cultured area and output all rank first so far.While prawn industry high speed development, because many nursery dealer technical merits are lower, seedling growing process is still not mature enough, and survival rate of seedling is stable not, whole management process is more by virtue of experience carried out, and lacks the foundation of science and specification, effective operation measure.Many parameters of seedling raising process cannot realize quantizing, the Fluctuation of some index is difficult to grasp, regulate and control, operational administrative is science not, abuse of antibiotics, high temperature nursery, causes fry quality uneven, carries the serious problems such as virus and poor growth and emerges in an endless stream, directly threaten the sustainable development of China's Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low industry, have a strong impact on the economic benefit of raiser.
At present, in the nursery production of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low nauplius to the young shrimp stage, main employing indoor water mud sump seedling-cultivating method, the application for a patent for invention that as 201110097004.2, name is called " Litopenaeus vannamei Broodstock indoor culture method ".The method mainly based on exogenous interpolation bait, bait based on Prof. Du Yucang bait, the higher and easy polluted water of cost, thus physique declines because of the deterioration of environment easily to cause shrimp seedling, and harmful microbe may be caused to breed in a large number bring out disease.Be produced into motility rate to control shrimp Seedling Diseases raising nursery, often use antibiotic agents, this has also had a strong impact on the quality safety of shrimp seedling, even can have influence on the quality of cultured product.
Document " preliminary test of the outdoor nursery of Penaeus Vannmei " (" aquatic science ", the 22nd volume the 2nd phase) discloses a kind of outdoor seedling-cultivating method, directly cultivates Micro Algae at outdoor nursery pond; Sunshine time on daytime is 8 more than h, and intensity of illumination is 500 ~ 8000 lux.This test method is produced in nursery and is used endogenic Micro Algae to produce early stage (flea shape phase), but the method all uses ectogenic artifical compound feed to carry out production of throwing something and feeding in the middle and later periods (acanthosoma, post larval), do not set up the intact ecocystem of primary and secondary consumer composition, easily causing water quality deterioration in the middle and later periods, also easily there is underfed phenomenon in shrimp seedling.
Document " cultivates the research of Penaeus monodon, Penaeus Vannmei health young shrimp ", and (" Guangxi aquatic science and technology ", the 4th phase in 2004) adopts EM preparation by EM outdoor sink, carries out Penaeus monodon, the test of Penaeus Vannmei healthy breeding in outdoor pond.The method just puts undue emphasis on and uses probio to carry out regulating and controlling water quality and strengthen shrimp seedling physique, basically as broad as long with the nursery production method of traditional indoor water mud sump exogenous nutrition.
At present, use ecological principle, in nursery pond, set up intact ecocystem, the main outdoor ecological breeding mode of endogenous natural bait that relies on also is not seen.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has a strong impact on the problem of shrimp seedling quality in order to solve Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low indoor raising of seedling, provide a kind of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method.By controlling the balance of the larval rearing water ecosystem in whole production process, make shrimp seedling all the time based on endogenic high-quality natural bait, the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling nutrition cultivated is excellent, healthy high-quality.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that:
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 8 ~ 100,000/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, hailian seaweed is accessed in larval rearing water, wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously;
(4) in the zoea stage, the adjustment intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt, keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 20,000 ~ 40,000 cell/ml, and wheel animalcule density, at 5 ~ 20/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, water transparency is maintained at 80cm ~ 120 ㎝ by adding halogen worm alive.
In the mysis stage, algae has been unsuitable for ingesting of shrimp seedling, so the amount of algae must control at reduced levels, at this moment ingests to control its density to algae too much in water by adding the halogen worm that lives.By observing water transparency, the i.e. number of Measures of Algae in Water Body and suspended particulate, water transparency is made to be 80cm ~ 120 ㎝, under this transparency, halogen worm can play the effect purified water, namely can reduce the amount of suspended particulate and algae density is controlled at reduced levels, ingesting of shrimp seedling and wheel animalcule can not be affected again.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
Preferably, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, consumption is respectively 10ppm/ days, 4ppm/ days, 0.5ppm/ days.
Before nauplius of the present invention starts to become zoea, by free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed by the density access larval rearing water of 5000 ~ 8000cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 5 ~ 10/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.The frustule size of hailian seaweed and nutrition are applicable to the nursery demand in early stage of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, and under this inoculum density, the growth and breeding of algae is synchronous with the requirement of the ecosystem to its density; The Individual Size of wheel animalcule is suitable, nutrient content enriches, and is the high-quality natural bait in shrimp seedling prometaphase, and with in this density access water, its growth and breeding is synchronized with the demand of shrimp seedling.
Described step (4), the intensity of adjustment light is 3000 ~ 5000lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.
Described step (5), the density of adding the halogen worm that lives is 2 ~ 5/L.
The halogen worm alive of described step (5) refers to nascent halogen worm, and the large halogen worm of described step (6) refers to the large halogen worm alive after growth in 4 ~ 6 days.
Young shrimp juvenile stage of the present invention, throwing something and feeding and maintaining large artemia density is 10 ~ 300,000/m
3, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait, density is 1 ~ 3g/m
3.The main bait that this stage is shrimp seedling with the large halogen worm of the work propagated artificially.
The size of outdoor water body of the present invention is 100m
2~ 1000m
2, the depth of water is about 1.0m ~ 2.0m.Under this Living space, better, the production cost of shrimp seedling is also lower for the stability of the ecosystem and controllability.
The overall water quality index of the inventive method is better than traditional seedling-cultivating method, wherein, pH can maintain 8 ~ 8.4, total alkalinity is at 110 ~ 140mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.2 mg/l, content of nitrite is less than 0.02 mg/l, is better than ammonia-nitrogen content 0.2 ~ 1 mg/l and content of nitrite 0.02 ~ 0.1 mg/l of traditional seedling-cultivating method.
Ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are that prawn seedling grows harmful noxious material, and the lower water quality of its concentration is more excellent, and prawn seedling is grown more favourable.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, theory ground-breaking of the present invention, proposes the production method that high-quality health young shrimp is new, uses ecological principle, in nursery pond, sets up intact ecocystem, the main outdoor ecological breeding relying on endogenous natural bait.Change indoor water mud sump into outdoor tank-culture, exogenous nutrition is changed into endogenous nutrition, and in nursery pond, build the ecosystem that is complete, balance, shrimp seedling also exists as the primary consumer in the ecosystem and secondary consumer, theory is advanced, scientific and reasonable, easy to implement, be applicable to the production of high-quality Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low seedling.
2, by water treatment in early stage, the present invention ensure that water quality reaches nursery water quality requirement, and utilize the feature of halogen worm filter-feeding to carry out ecological type purification of water quality in the middle and later periods, ensure that the excellent of water quality in whole seedling raising process, and by controlling the balance of the larval rearing water ecosystem in whole production process, make shrimp seedling all the time based on endogenic high-quality natural bait, ensure that the nutrition of shrimp seedling is excellent, and effectively prevent because the water pollutions that causes of the interpolation of exogenous artitificial food is serious, reduce the incidence of disease of shrimp seedling; Meanwhile, before emerging, carry out strict quality testing, effectively ensure that the quality safety of seed, obtain excellent shrimp seedling and can reduce cultivation risk, improve the cultivation success rate of raiser.
3, at present in the nursery production of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low nauplius to the young shrimp stage, thinking still rests on the stage of source, indoor and outdoor property nutrition, the burden of water body can be increased the weight of, the chemical oxygen consumption (COC) of water body is increased, easily cause the rising of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite etc., ammonia nitrogen 0.2 ~ 1, nitrite 0.02 ~ 0.1, worsen water quality, also there is the situation of abuse of antibiotics.The present invention is by throwing in the accurate assurance on opportunity to algae density, wheel animalcule density and halogen worm, thus control the balance of the ecosystem, set up intact ecocystem, the main outdoor ecological breeding relying on endogenous natural bait, in whole production process, antibiotic-free adds.
4, the inoculum density of algae controls at 5000 ~ 8000cell/ml by the present invention, and inoculation opportunity under this inoculum density, ensure that the growth and breeding of algae was synchronous with the requirement of the ecosystem to its density before nauplius starts to become zoea; The inoculum density of wheel animalcule is at 5 ~ 10/ml, and inoculation opportunity is before nauplius starts to become zoea, ensure that the growth and breeding of wheel animalcule is synchronized with the demand of shrimp seedling; Maintain water transparency at 80 ~ 120 ㎝, halogen worm can play the effect purified water to the inoculation of halogen worm, and the ammonia-nitrogen content of overall water quality is less than 0.2, and content of nitrite is less than 0.02, can not affect again ingesting of shrimp seedling and wheel animalcule in acanthosoma opportunity.
5, the present invention is in whole production process, by controlling light intensity, nutritive salt addition, artemia density of living controls the concentration of algae, because wheel animalcule take algae as main bait, so control algae concentration can indirectly control wheel animalcule concentration, thus control the balance of the ecosystem.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, essentiality content of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 80,000/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, hailian seaweed is accessed in larval rearing water, wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously;
(4) in the zoea stage, the adjustment intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt, keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 20,000 cell/ml, and wheel animalcule density, at 5/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, water transparency is maintained at 80 ㎝ by adding halogen worm alive.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
Embodiment 2
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 100,000/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 8000cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 10/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the adjustment intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt, keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 40,000 cell/ml, and wheel animalcule density, at 20/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, water transparency is maintained at 120 ㎝ by adding halogen worm alive.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
Embodiment 3
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 90,000/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 7000cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 8/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the intensity of adjustment light is 3000lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 30,000 cell/ml, wheel animalcule density, at 10/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, water transparency is maintained at 100 ㎝ by adding halogen worm alive.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
Embodiment 4
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 8.5 ten thousand/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 6000cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 7/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the intensity of adjustment light is 5000lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 2.5 ten thousand cell/ml, wheel animalcule density, at 12/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, being 2/L by adding the density of halogen worm alive, maintaining water transparency at 110 ㎝.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.2, total alkalinity is at 120mg/l, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.12 mg/l, and content of nitrite is 0.008mg/l.
Embodiment 5
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 9.5 ten thousand/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 7500cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 6/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the intensity of adjustment light is 4000lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 3.5 ten thousand cell/ml, wheel animalcule density, at 8/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, by adding nascent halogen worm, density is 3/L, maintains water transparency at 105 ㎝.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait; Described large halogen worm refers to the large halogen worm alive after growth in 4 days.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 100m
2, the depth of water is about 1.0m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8, total alkalinity is at 110mg/l, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.1 mg/l, and content of nitrite is 0.008mg/l.
Embodiment 6
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 9.2 ten thousand/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 6500cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 8/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the intensity of adjustment light is 3500lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 2.6 ten thousand cell/ml, wheel animalcule density, at 15/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, by adding nascent halogen worm, density is 4/L, maintains water transparency at 85 ㎝.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, density is 100,000/m
3, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait, maintenance density is 1g/m
3; Described large halogen worm refers to the large halogen worm alive after growth in 6 days.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 1000m
2, the depth of water is about 2.0m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.4, total alkalinity is at 140mg/l, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.08 mg/l, and content of nitrite is less than 0.012mg/l.
Embodiment 7
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 8.6 ten thousand/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 5500cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 6/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the intensity of adjustment light is 4500lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 3.2 ten thousand cell/ml, wheel animalcule density, at 9/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, by adding nascent halogen worm, density is 3/L, maintains water transparency at 95 ㎝.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, density is 300,000/m
3, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait, maintenance density is 3g/m
3; Described large halogen worm refers to the large halogen worm alive after growth in 5 days.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 500m
2, the depth of water is about 1.5m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.2, total alkalinity is at 120mg/l, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.12mg/l, and content of nitrite is less than 0.006mg/l.
Embodiment 8
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 8.2 ten thousand/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 6000cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 7/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the intensity of adjustment light is 3600lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 3.2 ten thousand cell/ml, wheel animalcule density, at 10/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, by adding nascent halogen worm, density is 5/L, maintains water transparency at 120 ㎝.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, density is 200,000/m
3, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait, maintenance density is 2g/m
3; Described large halogen worm refers to the large halogen worm alive after growth in 5 days.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 800m
2, the depth of water is about 1.6m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.1, total alkalinity is at 115mg/l, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.05 mg/l, and content of nitrite is less than 0.006mg/l.
Embodiment 9
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 8.5 ten thousand/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed in the density access larval rearing water of 7000cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 8/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
(4) in the zoea stage, the intensity of adjustment light is 3600lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 2.8cell/ml, wheel animalcule density, at 10/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation.
(5) in the mysis stage, by adding nascent halogen worm, density is 3/L, maintains water transparency at 100 ㎝.
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, density is 150,000/m
3, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait, maintenance density is 1.8g/m
3; Described large halogen worm refers to the large halogen worm alive after growth in 6 days.
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, consumption is respectively 10ppm/ days, 4ppm/ days, 0.5ppm/ days, and the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 300m
2, the depth of water is about 1.2m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.3, total alkalinity is at 115mg/l, and ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.12 mg/l, and content of nitrite is less than 0.015mg/l.
Embodiment 10
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 100,000/m
3density put into larval rearing water, larval rearing water through sand filtration, the sterilization of available chlorine 10ppm bleaching powder, neutralization, water transfer process, uses cotton bag filtration in advance during water transfer, put before the young and use photosynthetic bacteria 15ppm and bacillus 10ppm regulating reservoir water bacterium phase.
(2) before nauplius starts to become zoea 5 hours, by free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed according in the density access larval rearing water of about 7000cell/ml, simultaneously by free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule according in the density access larval rearing water of about 8/about ml.
(3) in the zoea stage, the adjustment intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt, keep hailian seaweed density not aging at about 20,000 ~ 40,000 cell/ml, and wheel animalcule density, at 5 ~ 20/ml, carries out external source interpolation when finding that wheel animalcule density reduces immediately.
(4) in the mysis stage, by observing water transparency, namely Measures of Algae in Water Body and suspended particulate number to determine to live the addition of halogen worm, effect halogen worm can being played purify water (is ingested clean before algae is aging, and reduce the amount of suspended particulate), can not affect very much again ingesting of shrimp seedling and wheel animalcule, this stage keeps water transparency to be about 80 ~ 120 ㎝.
(5) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the main bait being shrimp seedling with the large halogen worm of the work propagated artificially, throwing something and feeding and maintaining large artemia density is about 10 ~ 300,000/m
3, and carry out the interpolation (about 1 ~ 3g/m of appropriate exogenous artitificial food
3).
(6) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified.
(7) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, addition and adding proportion are determined according to concrete water quality detection situation.
Shrimp seedling of the present invention quality testing, comprises Viral diagnosis (necrosis of white spot virus, hypodermis, Taura syndrome), vibrios (yellow bacterium, green bacterium, fluorescens strain) and fluorescence reaction and detects.
4,000 ten thousand Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low naupliuss are selected to carry out outdoor of the present invention large pond ecological formula breeding experiment in one base, aquatic products seedling Co., Ltd father-in-law field, sea, Hainan, symbiosis output healthy high-quality shrimp seedling 3,680 ten thousand tail, survival rate is to 92%, and this batch of shrimp seedling body length is longer than the shrimp seedling same period, and outward appearance is without deformity, straight uniform, ingest good, stomach plumpness is good, travelling strong, property is good against the current, and testing result quality is outstanding.
Claims (9)
1. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: concrete steps are as follows:
(1) larval rearing water is first through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer process, puts regulating reservoir water bacterium phase before the young;
(2) by the nauplius of high-quality according to 8 ~ 100,000/m
3density put into larval rearing water;
(3) before nauplius starts to become zoea, hailian seaweed is accessed in larval rearing water, wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously;
(4) in the zoea stage, the adjustment intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt, keep hailian seaweed density not aging at 20,000 ~ 40,000 cell/ml, and wheel animalcule density, at 5 ~ 20/ml, if find that wheel animalcule density reduces, then carries out external source interpolation;
(5) in the mysis stage, water transparency is maintained at 80 ~ 120 ㎝ by adding halogen worm alive;
(6) in young shrimp juvenile stage, the bait of large halogen worm as shrimp seedling of throwing something and feeding, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait;
(7) young shrimp is after 10 days, carries out the quality testing of shrimp seedling, emerges after qualified;
(8) in whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilizes carbonic acid gas, provides oxygen.
2. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that: described step (3), before nauplius starts to become zoea, by free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed by the density access larval rearing water of 5000 ~ 8000cell/ml, the density of free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule by 5 ~ 10/ml is accessed in larval rearing water simultaneously.
3. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: described step (4), and the intensity of adjustment light is 3000 ~ 5000lux; Nutritive salt addition is every 10t seawater sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.
4. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: described step (5), and the density of adding the halogen worm that lives is 2 ~ 5/L.
5. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: the halogen worm alive of described step (5) refers to nascent halogen worm, and the large halogen worm of described step (6) refers to the large halogen worm alive after growth in 4 ~ 6 days.
6. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: described step (6), and in young shrimp juvenile stage, throwing something and feeding and maintaining large artemia density is 10 ~ 300,000/m
3, it is 1 ~ 3g/m that the interpolation of exogenous artitificial food maintains density
3.
7. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: the size of described outdoor water body is 100m
2~ 1000m
2, the depth of water is about 1.0m ~ 2.0m.
8. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: in whole production process, adds photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, lactic acid bacteria every day, and consumption is respectively 10ppm/ days, 4ppm/ days, 0.5ppm/ days.
9. Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low according to claim 1 outdoor water ecology formula seedling-cultivating method, is characterized in that: overall water quality index be pH 8 ~ 8.4, total alkalinity is at 110 ~ 140mg/l, and ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.2 mg/l, and content of nitrite is less than 0.02 mg/l.
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| CN111096259A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-05 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for breeding shrimps by adopting fully-closed circulating water |
| CN111096260A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-05 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | Closed water circulation method and device for prawn culture |
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