CN104585105B - Water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room - Google Patents
Water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 44
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012372 quality testing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000036208 Mysis Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000220898 Acanthosoma Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000238552 Penaeus monodon Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside a kind of Litopenaeus vannamei room.Indoor cement pit is changed to outdoor tank-culture, the inoculum density of algae is controlled in 5000 ~ 8000cell/ml, inoculation opportunity is before naupliuss begin to change into zoea under the inoculum density, it is ensured that requirement of the growth and breeding of algae with ecosystem to its density is synchronous；The inoculum density of wheel animalcule in 5 ~ 10/ml, before inoculation opportunity begins to change into zoea for naupliuss, it is ensured that the growth and breeding of wheel animalcule is synchronized with the demand of shrimp seedling；Artemia is inoculated with opportunity in acanthosoma, maintains water transparency 80 ~ 120, and artemia can play a part of to purify water, and the ammonia-nitrogen content of overall water quality is less than 0.2, and content of nitrite does not interfere with ingesting for shrimp seedling and wheel animalcule again less than 0.02.Being controlled by the balance to larval rearing water ecosystem in whole production process, shrimp seedling being made all the time based on endogenic high-quality natural bait, the Litopenaeus vannamei seedling nutrition that cultivates is excellent, healthy high-quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture fishery, and in particular to water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside a kind of Litopenaeus vannamei room.
Background technology
Since reform and opening-up, China's fishery production is improved rapidly.Aquaculture structure turns from based on fishing for based on cultivation
The paces of change are constantly accelerated, and the development of culture fishery is advanced by leaps and bounds.The average annual increasing rate of output of aquatic products wherein, is supported up to 16%
Grow proportion of the yield in fishery total output by 1980 30% brought up to 1997 56%, become unique in the world
Cultured output exceedes the fishery big country of fishery output.
Prawn is the export-oriented aquaculture species for growing up after China reforms and opens up to the outside world earliest, produces in China's aquaculture
Occupy critical role in industry.National prawn culturing yield accounts for the 40% of global total output more than 1,300,000 t within 2009.Vannamei boone
Prawn originates in the ground such as Peru, Ecuador and the Gulf of Mexico, with growth is fast, miscellaneous feeding habits, strong adaptability the features such as, from 1988
After year introduces China, seedling-raising technique and cultural technique are constantly ripe, and start to become China's prawn culturing for 1999 one is important
Kind, develops rapidly in southern three province, area, has become the foster shrimp kind that national cultured area and yield rank first so far.?
While prawn industry high speed development, as many nursery dealer technical merits are relatively low, seedling-raising technique is still not mature enough, nursery into
Motility rate is not sufficiently stable, and whole management process is more by virtue of experience carried out, and lacks the foundation and specification, effective of science
Operation measure.Many parameters of seedling raising process cannot be realized quantifying, and the Fluctuation of some indexs is difficult to grasp, regulates and controls, operation
Management not science, abuse of antibiotics, high temperature nursery, causes fry quality uneven, carries virus and poor growth etc. serious
Problem emerges in an endless stream, and directly threatens the sustainable development of China's Litopenaeus vannamei industry, has a strong impact on the economic effect of raiser
Benefit.
At present, in the nursery production of Litopenaeus vannamei naupliuss to young shrimp stage, mainly educated using indoor cement pit
Seedling-growing method, such as 201110097004.2, the application for a patent for invention of entitled " Litopenaeus vannamei Broodstock indoor culture method ".The party
Method mainly with exogenous interpolation bait based on, bait based on synthetic bait, relatively costly and easy polluted water, so as to
Shrimp seedling body constitution decline because of the deterioration of environment is easily caused, and may result in harmful microbe and breed induction disease in a large number.For
Control shrimp seedling disease improves nursery production survival rate, and often using antibiotic agents, this has also had a strong impact on shrimp seedling
Quality safety, or even influence whether the quality of cultured product.
Document " preliminary test of nursery outside Penaeus vannamei room "（《Aquatic science》, the 2nd phase of volume 22）Disclose one kind
Outdoor method for culturing seedlings, directly in outdoor nursery pond culture Micro Algae；Sunshine-duration on daytime is 8 more than h, and intensity of illumination is 500
~ 8000 lux.The test method produces early stage in nursery（The flea shape phase）Produced using endogenic Micro Algae, but the party
Method is in middle and late stage（Acanthosoma, post larval）Carry out feeding production using ectogenic artifical compound feed, be not set up originally
Level and the intact ecocystem of Secondary consumer's composition, easily cause water quality deterioration, shrimp seedling battalion also easily occur in middle and late stage
Support bad phenomenon.
Document " research for cultivating Penaeus monodon, Penaeus vannamei health young shrimp with EM outdoor sinks "（《Guangxi Aquatic product section
Skill》, the 4th phase in 2004）Using EM preparations, Penaeus monodon, the test of Penaeus vannamei healthy breeding is carried out in outdoor pond.The method
Simply to put undue emphasis on and regulating and controlling water quality is carried out using probiotic bacteria and strengthen shrimp seedling body constitution, basically with traditional indoor cement pit
The nursery production method of exogenous nutrition is not different.
At present, with ecological principle, in nursery pond, intact ecocystem is set up, relies primarily on the natural bait of endogenouss
The outdoor ecological breeding mode of material has not yet seen.
Content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the problems, such as that Litopenaeus vannamei indoor raising of seedling has a strong impact on shrimp seedling quality, there is provided a kind of all receives
Water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside the prawn room of shore.Controlled by the balance to larval rearing water ecosystem in whole production process,
Shrimp seedling is made all the time based on endogenic high-quality natural bait, the Litopenaeus vannamei seedling nutrition that cultivates is excellent, healthy high-quality.
In order to realize that foregoing invention purpose, the present invention are adopted the following technical scheme that：
Water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, it is characterised in that：
Comprise the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 8 ~ 100,000/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, hailian seaweed is accessed in larval rearing water, while wheel animalcule is connect
Enter in larval rearing water；
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt is adjusted, keep hailian seaweed density to exist
20000 ~ 40,000 cell/ml are not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 5 ~ 20/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, water transparency is maintained in 80cm ~ 120 by adding artemia living.
In the mysises stage, algae has been unsuitable for ingesting for shrimp seedling, so the amount of algae must be controlled in relatively low water
Flat, at this moment excessive algae in water is ingested to control its density by adding artemia living.By observing water transparency,
I.e. Measures of Algae in Water Body and particle number, make water transparency for 80cm ~ 120, under the transparency, artemia can rise
To the effect for purifying water, i.e., can reduce the amount of particle and algae density be controlled in reduced levels, not interfere with again
Shrimp seedling and wheel animalcule ingest.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, and carry out adding for exogenous human work bait
Plus.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
Preferably, add daily photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria, consumption be respectively 10ppm/ days, 4ppm/ days,
0.5ppm/ days.
Before naupliuss of the present invention begin to change into zoea, by free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed by 5000 ~
The density of 8000cell/ml is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed by the density of 5 ~ 10/ml educating
In Seedling water.The frustule size of hailian seaweed is suitable for the nursery early stage demand of Litopenaeus vannamei with nutrition, under the inoculum density,
Requirement of the growth and breeding of algae with ecosystem to its density is synchronous；The Individual Size of wheel animalcule is suitable, nutrient content enriches, and is
The high-quality natural bait of shrimp seedling prometaphase, is accessed in water with the density, and its growth and breeding is synchronized with the demand of shrimp seedling.
Described step（4）, the intensity for adjusting light is 3000 ~ 5000lux；Nutritive salt addition is that every 10t sea water is used
Sodium bicarbonate 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.
Described step（5）, the density for adding artemia living is 2 ~ 5/L.
The step（5）Artemia living refer to nascent artemia, the step（6）Big artemia refer to born through 4 ~ 6
Big artemia living after length.
Young shrimp juvenile stage of the present invention, it is 10 ~ 300,000/m to feed the big artemia density of maintenance3, and carry out external source
Property artitificial food interpolation, density be 1 ~ 3g/m3.Main bait of this stage with the big artemia of the work of artificial cultivation as shrimp seedling.
The size of outdoor water body of the present invention is 100m2~1000m2, the depth of water about 1.0m ~ 2.0m.Big in the water body
Under little, preferably, the production cost of shrimp seedling is relatively low for the stability and controllability of ecosystem.
The inventive method entirety water quality index is better than traditional method for culturing seedlings, and wherein, pH can maintain 8 ~ 8.4, total alkali
In 110 ~ 140mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.2 mg/l to degree, and content of nitrite is less than 0.02 mg/l, better than traditional nursery side
0.02 ~ 0.1 mg/l of 0.2 ~ 1 mg/l of ammonia-nitrogen content and content of nitrite of method.
Ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are to develop harmful noxious substance to shrimp seedling, and the lower water quality of its concentration is more excellent, prawn
Seedling development is more favourable.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is：
1st, theory ground-breaking of the present invention, it is proposed that the new production method of high-quality health young shrimp, with ecological principle, in nursery
Intact ecocystem is set up in pond, relies primarily on the outdoor ecological breeding of endogenouss natural bait.Indoor cement pit is changed to
Exogenous nutrition is changed to endogenouss nutrition, and builds complete, balance ecosystem, shrimp in nursery pond by outdoor tank-culture
Seedling also serves as the Primary consumer and Secondary consumer in ecosystem and exists, and theory is advanced, scientific and reasonable, it is easy to implement,
The production of suitable high-quality Litopenaeus vannamei seedling.
2nd, by early stage water process, the present invention ensure that water quality reaches nursery water quality requirement, and be filtered using artemia in middle and late stage
The characteristics of feeding habits, carries out ecological type purification of water quality, it is ensured that in whole seedling raising process, water quality is excellent, and in whole production process
In controlled by balance to larval rearing water ecosystem, make shrimp seedling all the time based on endogenic high-quality natural bait, it is ensured that
The nutrition of shrimp seedling is excellent, and effectively prevent because the water pollution that causes of interpolations of exogenous artitificial food seriously, is reduced
The sickness rate of shrimp seedling；Meanwhile, strict quality testing is carried out before emerging, the quality safety of seed is effectively guaranteed, and is obtained excellent
Good shrimp seedling can reduce cultivation risk, improve the cultivation success rate of raiser.
3rd, at present in the nursery production of Litopenaeus vannamei naupliuss to young shrimp stage, thinking remain in interior,
In the stage of exogenous nutrition, the burden of water body can be increased, increase the chemical oxygen consumption (COC) of water body, easily cause ammonia nitrogen, nitrous acid
The rising of salt etc., ammonia nitrogen 0.2 ~ 1, nitrite 0.02 ~ 0.1 deteriorate water quality, also there is the situation of abuse of antibiotics.The present invention
By throwing in the accurate assurance on opportunity to algae density, wheel animalcule density and artemia, so as to control the balance of ecosystem, it is established that
Intact ecocystem, relies primarily on the outdoor ecological breeding of endogenouss natural bait, and in whole production process, antibiotic-free adds
Plus.
4th, the present invention controls the inoculum density of algae in 5000 ~ 8000cell/ml, and inoculation opportunity starts in naupliuss
Before being changed into zoea under the inoculum density, it is ensured that the growth and breeding of algae is same with requirement of the ecosystem to its density
Step；The inoculum density of wheel animalcule in 5 ~ 10/ml, before inoculation opportunity begins to change into zoea for naupliuss, it is ensured that wheel
The growth and breeding of worm is synchronized with the demand of shrimp seedling；Artemia is inoculated with opportunity in acanthosoma, maintains water transparency 80 ~ 120, halogen
Worm can play a part of to purify water, and the ammonia-nitrogen content of overall water quality is less than 0.2, and content of nitrite is less than 0.02, and not
Ingesting for shrimp seedling and wheel animalcule can be affected.
5th, the present invention is controlled by controlling light intensity, nutritive salt addition, artemia density living in whole production process
The concentration of algae processed because wheel animalcule is with algae as main bait, control algae concentration can with indirect control wheel animalcule concentration,
So as to control the balance of ecosystem.
Specific embodiment
The essentiality content of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 80,000/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, hailian seaweed is accessed in larval rearing water, while wheel animalcule is connect
Enter in larval rearing water；
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt is adjusted, keep hailian seaweed density to exist
20000 cell/ml are not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 5/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, water transparency is maintained 80 by adding artemia living.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, and carry out adding for exogenous human work bait
Plus.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
Embodiment 2
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 100,000/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 8000cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 10/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt is adjusted, keep hailian seaweed density to exist
40000 cell/ml are not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 20/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, water transparency is maintained 120 by adding artemia living.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, and carry out adding for exogenous human work bait
Plus.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
Embodiment 3
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 90,000/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 7000cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 8/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity for adjusting light is 3000lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Hailian seaweed density is kept in 30,000 cell/ml
Not aging, wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 10/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, water transparency is maintained 100 by adding artemia living.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, and carry out adding for exogenous human work bait
Plus.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
Embodiment 4
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 8.5 ten thousand/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 6000cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 7/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity for adjusting light is 5000lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Hailian seaweed density is kept in 2.5 ten thousand cell/
Ml is not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 12/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, be 2/L by adding the density of artemia living, water transparency maintained 110
㎝.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, and carry out adding for exogenous human work bait
Plus.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.2, in 120mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.12 mg/l to total alkalinity, and nitrite contains
Measure as 0.008mg/l.
Embodiment 5
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 9.5 ten thousand/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 7500cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 6/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity for adjusting light is 4000lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Hailian seaweed density is kept in 3.5 ten thousand cell/
Ml is not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 8/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, by adding nascent artemia, density is 3/L, maintains water transparency to exist
105㎝.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, and carry out adding for exogenous human work bait
Plus；Described big artemia refers to the big artemia living after growth in 4 days.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 100m2, the depth of water is about 1.0m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8, in 110mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.1 mg/l to total alkalinity, and content of nitrite is
0.008mg/l.
Embodiment 6
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 9.2 ten thousand/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 6500cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 8/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity for adjusting light is 3500lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Hailian seaweed density is kept in 2.6 ten thousand cell/
Ml is not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 15/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, by adding nascent artemia, density is 4/L, maintains water transparency 85
㎝.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, density is 100,000/m3, and carry out external source
Property artitificial food interpolation, maintenance density be 1g/m3；Described big artemia refers to the big artemia living after growth in 6 days.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 1000m2, the depth of water is about 2.0m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.4, in 140mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.08 mg/l to total alkalinity, and nitrite contains
Amount is less than 0.012mg/l.
Embodiment 7
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 8.6 ten thousand/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 5500cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 6/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity for adjusting light is 4500lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Hailian seaweed density is kept in 3.2 ten thousand cell/
Ml is not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 9/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, by adding nascent artemia, density is 3/L, maintains water transparency 95
㎝.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, density is 300,000/m3, and carry out external source
Property artitificial food interpolation, maintenance density be 3g/m3；Described big artemia refers to the big artemia living after growth in 5 days.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 500m2, the depth of water is about 1.5m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.2, in 120mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.12mg/l to total alkalinity, content of nitrite
It is less than 0.006mg/l.
Embodiment 8
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 8.2 ten thousand/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 6000cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 7/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity for adjusting light is 3600lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Hailian seaweed density is kept in 3.2 ten thousand cell/
Ml is not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 10/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, by adding nascent artemia, density is 5/L, maintains water transparency to exist
120㎝.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, density is 200,000/m3, and carry out external source
Property artitificial food interpolation, maintenance density be 2g/m3；Described big artemia refers to the big artemia living after growth in 5 days.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthetic of algae
Effect utilizes carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 800m2, the depth of water is about 1.6m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.1, in 115mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.05 mg/l to total alkalinity, and nitrite contains
Amount is less than 0.006mg/l.
Embodiment 9
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 8.5 ten thousand/m3Density be put in larval rearing water；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed is pressed 7000cell/ml's
Density is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed in larval rearing water by the density of 8/ml.
（4）In the zoea stage, the intensity for adjusting light is 3600lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbon
Sour hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.Hailian seaweed density is kept in 2.8cell/ml
Not aging, wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 10/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced.
（5）In the mysises stage, by adding nascent artemia, density is 3/L, maintains water transparency to exist
100㎝.
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, density is 150,000/m3, and carry out external source
Property artitificial food interpolation, maintenance density be 1.8g/m3；Described big artemia refers to the big artemia living after growth in 6 days.
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, consumption is respectively
10ppm/ days, 4ppm/ days, 0.5ppm/ days, the photosynthesis in conjunction with algae utilized carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
The size of described outdoor water body is 300m2, the depth of water is about 1.2m.
Overall water quality index be pH 8.3, in 115mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.12 mg/l to total alkalinity, and nitrite contains
Amount is less than 0.015mg/l.
Embodiment 10
Outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings, comprises the following steps that：
（1）By the naupliuss of high-quality according to 100,000/m3Density be put in larval rearing water, larval rearing water is in advance through sand
Filter, the sterilization of effective chlorine 10ppm bleaching powders, neutralization, water transfer are processed, and using cotton bag filtration during water transfer, are put before germling using photosynthetic thin
Bacterium 15ppm and bacillus cereuss 10ppm adjusts water bacterium phase.
（2）5 hours before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, by free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed according to about
The density of 7000cell/ml is accessed in larval rearing water, at the same by free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule according to about 8/ml or so density
Access in larval rearing water.
（3）In the zoea stage, the intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt is adjusted, keep hailian seaweed density to exist
About 20,000 ~ 40,000 cell/ml are not aging, in 5 ~ 20/ml, wheel animalcule density finds that wheel animalcule density carries out external source immediately when reducing and adds
Plus.
（4）In the mysises stage, by how many determinations of water transparency, i.e. Measures of Algae in Water Body and particle observed
The addition of artemia living, makes artemia play a part of to purify water（Algae aging front ingested clean, and reduce outstanding
The amount of floating particles）, ingesting for shrimp seedling and wheel animalcule will not be affected very much again, this stage keeps water transparency about 80 ~ 120.
（5）In young shrimp juvenile stage, the main bait with the big artemia of the work of artificial cultivation as shrimp seedling, the big halogen of maintenance is fed
Worm density is for about 10 ~ 300,000/m3, and carry out the interpolation of appropriate exogenous artitificial food（About 1 ~ 3g/m3）.
（6）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge.
（7）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria, addition and interpolation ratio daily
Example is depending on concrete water quality detection situation.
Shrimp seedling quality testing of the present invention, including Viral diagnosis（White spot virus, necrosis of subcutaneous tissue, Fructus Persicae draw disease
Poison）, vibrio（Yellow bacterium, green bacterium, fluorescens strain）Detect with fluorescence reaction.
This is carried out in one Aquatic product seedling company limited father-in-law field base of Hainan sea from 40,000,000 Litopenaeus vannamei naupliuss
The big pond ecological formula breeding experiment in the outdoor of invention, 36,800,000 tail of symbiosis output health high-quality shrimp seedling, survival rate to 92%, this batch
Shrimp seedling body length is longer than same period shrimp seedling, and outward appearance is ingested good without deformity, straight uniform, and the intestines and stomach plumpness is good, moves about strong, against the current
Property is good, and testing result quality is outstanding.
Claims (9)
1. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps that：
（1）Larval rearing water is first processed through sand filtration, chlorination, neutralization, water transfer, adjusts water bacterium phase before putting germling；
（2）The naupliuss of high-quality are put in larval rearing water according to the density of 8 ~ 100,000/m；
（3）Before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, hailian seaweed is accessed in larval rearing water, while wheel animalcule is accessed educating
In Seedling water；
（4）In the zoea stage, adjust the intensity of light and the addition of algae nutritive salt, keep hailian seaweed density 20,000 ~
40000 cell/ml are not aging, and wheel animalcule density then carries out external source interpolation in 5 ~ 20/ml if it find that wheel animalcule density is reduced；
（5）In the mysises stage, water transparency is maintained 80 ~ 120 by adding artemia living；
（6）In young shrimp juvenile stage, big artemia is fed as the bait of shrimp seedling, and carry out the interpolation of exogenous human work bait；
（7）After young shrimp 10 days, carry out shrimp seedling quality testing, qualified after emerge；
（8）In whole production process, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, in conjunction with the photosynthesis of algae
Using carbon dioxide, there is provided oxygen.
2. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described step（3）, before naupliuss begin to change into zoea, by free of contamination for high-quality hailian seaweed by 5000 ~
The density of 8000cell/ml is accessed in larval rearing water, while free of contamination for high-quality wheel animalcule is accessed by the density of 5 ~ 10/ml educating
In Seedling water.
3. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described step（4）, the intensity for adjusting light is 3000 ~ 5000lux；Nutritive salt addition is every 10t sea water carbonic acid
Hydrogen sodium 25g, sodium nitrate 40g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 4g, EDTA80g, sodium silicate 4g.
4. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step
Suddenly（5）, the density for adding artemia living is 2 ~ 5/L.
5. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
（5）Artemia living refer to nascent artemia, the step（6）Big artemia refer to through 4 ~ 6 days growth after big artemia living.
6. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step
Suddenly（6）, in young shrimp juvenile stage, feed and big artemia density is maintained for 10 ~ 300,000/m, the interpolation of exogenous artitificial food is tieed up
Density is held for 1 ~ 3g/m.
7. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described room
The size of outer water body is 100m2~1000m2, the depth of water is 1.0m ~ 2.0m.
8. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Entirely giving birth to
During product, add photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus cereuss, lactic acid bacteria daily, consumption is respectively 10ppm/ days, 4ppm/ days, 0.5ppm/
My god.
9. water ecology formula method for culturing seedlings outside Litopenaeus vannamei room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Overall water
Matter index be pH 8 ~ 8.4, total alkalinity is less than 0.2 mg/l in 110 ~ 140mg/l, ammonia-nitrogen content, and content of nitrite is less than
0.02 mg/l.
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| CN105145439A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-16 | 海南卓海水产种苗有限公司 | Young prawn breeding method for prawns |
| CN105199959A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-30 | 湛江恒兴南方海洋科技有限公司 | Macro-element nutrient salt formula for large-scale culture of Thalassiossira sp. |
| CN106165790A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-30 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of bait for artemia culture and artemia culture method |
| CN106719206A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei efficient health method for culturing seedlings |
| CN106973834B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2020-11-03 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Feeding method for parent litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN111096260B (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-05-31 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | Closed water circulation method and device for prawn culture |
| CN111096259A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-05 | 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for breeding shrimps by adopting fully-closed circulating water |
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