CN104718839B - A kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed - Google Patents
A kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104718839B CN104718839B CN201510059543.5A CN201510059543A CN104718839B CN 104718839 B CN104718839 B CN 104718839B CN 201510059543 A CN201510059543 A CN 201510059543A CN 104718839 B CN104718839 B CN 104718839B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed, is specially：Cucurbit seed is selected, cucurbit Seeds preprocess, sowing, vernalization, nursery, obtains the cucurbit bud after germination shelling.This method realizes the purpose of seed shelling by adjusting the physical methods such as the humiture in cucurbit seed germination, and economical and environmentally friendly, cucurbit seed husking yield reaches more than 95%, greatlys save the labour's expense consumed by shelling, reduces seedling cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture gardening professional skill field, and in particular to a kind of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit kind
The germination hulling method of son.
Background technology
For the upper Grafted Watermelon nursery of production at present generally using cucurbit as stock, this is the knot of comprehensive selection for a long time
Fruit.But cucurbit seed outward appearance is flat, kind skin is hard, by existing conventional seedbed system means nursery, its nature husking yield that germinates is less than
20%；It must be shelled plus germination cucurbit seedling in 32 hours, otherwise easily cause seedling excessive growth.This is with regard in the inevitable requirement short time
Increase human input carries out shelling work, has raised seedling cost, and inevitably cause machine to part cucurbit seedling cotyledon
Tool damages.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed, pass through tune
The envirment factors such as temperature and the humidity in cucurbit seed germination are saved, are taken off using itself strength in cucurbit seed germination
Shell, its natural husking yield is up to more than 95%.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of germination shelling side of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed
Method, it is specially：Cucurbit seed is selected, cucurbit Seeds preprocess, sowing, vernalization, nursery, obtains the cucurbit seedling after germination shelling.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Cucurbit seed is selected specifically in such a way to implement：Germination percentage experiment is carried out to the cucurbit seed sampling of selection,
Germination percentage reaches 90% seed and the good seed of germinating energy is selected in；According to 1.2 times of required cucurbit grain weight weighings, impurity elimination is gone
Bad, flat son is removed in drift.
The cucurbit seed sampling of selection carries out germination percentage experiment：It is any to take 100 cucurbit seeds, under normal temperature condition
Soak 12-14 hours, taking-up drains the surface of the seed moisture, is put into culture vessel, places into the constant temperature that temperature is set in 29-30 DEG C
Cultivated in case, the total quantity of the batch cucurbit germination after 72 hours, be the germination percentage of the cucurbit seed.
Cucurbit Seeds preprocess is specifically implemented in such a way：
1) hot water treatment of seeds：The cucurbit seed of select is put into 50 DEG C -55 DEG C of water and soaked 15 minutes, kills worm's ovum；
2) Medicament soaked seed：Cucurbit seed is moved into 10% trisodium phosphate solution again after soaking 15-20 minutes, with clean
Water is rinsed until the mucus of the surface of the seed removes；
3) soak at room temperature：Cucurbit seed after Medicament soaked seed is soaked into 10h-14h under normal temperature condition, is taken out and is crumpled, be more
Secondary cleaning, drain or dry the surface of the seed moisture；
4) dressing seed and drying：Dressed seed when fitting happy with liquid germicide, wherein, when liquid germicide fits happy with cucurbit kind
The volume mass ratio of son is 5:1ml/kg, then it is placed in seedling cultivation greenhouse and lays on the mobile bedstead of fly net, dry kind
Sub- surface moisture.
Sowing is specifically implemented in such a way：Cucurbit seed is broadcast using Mechanization sowing equipment or manual type；From
50 hole seedlings nursing plates, using seedling medium, depth of planting 0.8cm-1.0cm, matrix 0.8cm-1.0cm is covered, pours water；Adopt
Cucurbit seed sowing is carried out with Mechanization sowing equipment, sowing efficiency will improve 2-3 times.
Vernalization is specifically implemented in such a way：The seedlings nursing plate for having broadcast cucurbit seed is neatly put into successively moveable more
On layer carrying seedling truck frame, large-scale germinating cabinet is pushed into；Germination temperature is 29 DEG C -31 DEG C；Vernalization humidity：Open humidifier continuously work 24
Hour, keep germinating cabinet's air humidity saturation state；Keep dark condition；Sowing cucurbit seed passes through 70h- in germinating cabinet
After 80h vernalization, start stromal surface of germinateing and expose；Seedlings nursing plate is removed into germinating cabinet at once when reaching 60-65% germinations,
Proper alignment is on the bedstead of seedling cultivation greenhouse.
Vernalization is specifically implemented in such a way：In seedling cultivation greenhouse after 32h is cultivated, Grafting watermelon nursery stock is used
Cucurbit seed complete germination, natural husking yield is up to more than 95%.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：First, the present invention is by adjusting the things such as the humiture in cucurbit seed germination
Reason method realizes the purpose of seed shelling, economical and environmentally friendly.Second, after conventional method cucurbit seed soaks 12 hours, no
It is put into insulating box vernalization, but the moisture on first dry seed surface, then showing for large-scale germinating cabinet's vernalization is combined using mechanical planting
Generationization seedling raising mannerses, every useful seed is available, saves sowing quantity, and can greatly improve sowing efficiency.3rd,
To reach more than 95% because the invention enables cucurbit seed husking yield, greatly save the labour's expense consumed by shelling,
Reduce seedling cost.4th, reduce because of the risk that is damaged to cucurbit seedling cotyledon of manually shelling, alleviate disease hair
Raw probability.5th, the inventive method is compared with same period conventional seedbed system method, from seed soaking to the cucurbit seedling cotyledon open and flat time
84 hours or so can be shortened, saved the stock seedling time, Grafted Watermelon finished product seedling age can be shortened 3.5 days or so, from another
Angle reduces seedling cost.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed, specifically according to following step
It is rapid to implement：
Step 1, cucurbit seed are selected, and carry out germination percentage experiment to the cucurbit seed sampling of selection, germination percentage reaches 90%
Seed and the good seed of germinating energy can be selected in；Go flat according to 1.2 times of required cucurbit grain weight weighings, roguing, drift
Son；Wherein, Seed germination is：It is any to take 100 cucurbit seeds, soaked 12-14 hours under normal temperature condition, taking-up drains kind of a sublist
Face moisture, is put into culture vessel, places into temperature and is set in 29-30 DEG C of insulating box and cultivates, the batch cucurbit after 72 hours
The total quantity of germination, it is the germination percentage of the cucurbit seed；
Step 2, cucurbit Seeds preprocess,
Step 2.1, hot water treatment of seeds：The cucurbit seed of select is put into 50 DEG C -55 DEG C of water and soaked 15 minutes, is killed
Worm's ovum；
Step 2.2, Medicament soaked seed：Cucurbit seed is moved into again in 10% trisodium phosphate solution after soaking 15-20 minutes,
Rinsed with clean water until the mucus of the surface of the seed removes；
Step 2.3, soak at room temperature：Cucurbit seed after Medicament soaked seed is soaked into 10h-14h under normal temperature condition, takes out and rubs with the hands
Rub, be cleaned multiple times, drain or dry the surface of the seed moisture；
Step 2.4, dressing seed and drying：1kg soak at room temperature mistakes are added according to liquid germicide " when suitable happy " stoste 5ml
Cucurbit seed ratio, fully mix thoroughly, be then placed in seedling cultivation greenhouse and lay on the mobile bedstead of fly net, dry kind
Sub- surface moisture；
Step 3, sowing, cucurbit seed is broadcast using Mechanization sowing equipment or manual type；From 50 hole seedlings nursing plates, adopt
With seedling medium, depth of planting 0.8cm-1.0cm, matrix 0.8cm-1.0cm is covered, pours water；Set using Mechanization sowing
Standby to carry out cucurbit seed sowing, sowing efficiency will improve 2-3 times；
Step 4, vernalization, the seedlings nursing plate for having broadcast cucurbit seed is neatly put on moveable multilayer carrying seedling truck frame successively,
It is pushed into large-scale germinating cabinet；Germination temperature is 29 DEG C -31 DEG C；Vernalization humidity：Humidifier continuously work 24 hours are opened, keep vernalization
Room air moisture-saturated state；Keep dark condition；Sowing cucurbit seed after 70h-80h vernalization, is opened in germinating cabinet
Originate bud and expose stromal surface；Seedlings nursing plate is removed into germinating cabinet at once when reaching 60-65% germinations, proper alignment is in nursery
On the bedstead in greenhouse；
Step 5, nursery, in seedling cultivation greenhouse after 32h is cultivated, the cucurbit seed of Grafting watermelon nursery stock is basic
Complete germination, natural husking yield is up to more than 95%.
Embodiment 1 is shelled using the method for the present invention to cucurbit germination
Cucurbit seed dries after medicine is mixed in immersion, the cucurbit seed collection of surface moisture will be dried, using machine automatization
Change and load seedling medium, pretreated cucurbit seed is added in seedling medium and carries out mechanical planting, after planting machinery pours
Water presses close to matrix by seed, and the hole tray that machinery has been broadcast to seed moves to another platform, then covers 1cm thickness seedling mediums, manually will
Matrix is irrigated in hole tray, will broadcast rear hole tray and neatly be put into carrying seedling truck frame, and carrying seedling truck frame is pushed into germinating cabinet's vernalization, vernalization in 72 hours
Germination seedling shells substantially afterwards, and 60-65% seed germinations may move into seedling cultivation greenhouse and further be cultivated.
Comparative example 1 is shelled using conventional method to cucurbit germination
First by cucurbit seed presoaking and germinating, artificial seeding's germination cucurbit seed, the calabash stayed on the substrate surface of manually shelling
Reed shell, cucurbit shell is manually gone to adhere to shelling terminating.
Illustrate beneficial effects of the present invention for the practice of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1：
The embodiment 1 of table 1 and the cucurbit seed utilization rate of comparative example 1 contrast list
| Seeding method | Cucurbit sowing quantity (kg) | Number of seedling (strain) | Average every kg seed number of seedlings | Seed utilization rate compares (%) |
| Comparative example 1 | 75.5 | 410450 | 5436 | 100% |
| Embodiment 1 | 98.0 | 557000 | 5684 | 104.6% |
As shown in Table 1, the cucurbit seed utilization rate of way of the present invention will be higher by 4.6% than Normal practice.
The embodiment 1 of table 2 respectively educates 100,000 plants of cucurbit seedlings (cotyledon is open and flat) with comparative example 1 and spends time contrast list
As shown in Table 2, (1) to from the point of view of the time needed for the cotyledon open and flat phase since cucurbit seed-soaking, invention way will
84 hours fewer than Normal practice, you can save 3.5 days seedling age time；(2) the mechanical planting efficiency in invention way is conventional do
2.5 times of artificial seeding's efficiency of method.
Table 3 is using type of seeding cucurbit germination nature husking yield of the embodiment 1 with comparative example 1 and shelling recruitment investigation
Table
As shown in Table 3, two kinds of ways take unified seed soaking time；Way of the present invention removed germinating cabinet January 21 and entered
Enter seedling cultivation greenhouse, and Normal practice is manually directly to be multicast to the seed warp for first urging bud on the forcing frame of seedling cultivation greenhouse, Yu Yuan
Just throw off within 22nd the germination of covering cucurbit the moon；Carry out taking an investigation by " 5 methods " same position, 50 plants every, every kind of way is every
It is secondary to investigate 250 plants altogether, counted；Normal practice is sowed after bud is selected in first vernalization again, and finally investigation finds that germination percentage is slightly good
In invention way；By taking 100,000 plants of cucurbit seedlings of every cultivation as an example, invention way only shells one can of labour cost than Normal practice
Save 390 yuan：That is 4.1 100 yuan/people=390 yuan of Ren ﹡ 100 yuan/people -0.2 Ren ﹡.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed, it is characterised in that be specially：Select cucurbit
Seed, cucurbit Seeds preprocess, sowing, vernalization, nursery, obtain the cucurbit seedling after germination shelling；
The cucurbit seed of selecting specifically is implemented in such a way：Germination percentage experiment is carried out to the cucurbit seed sampling of selection,
Germination percentage reaches 90% seed and the good seed of germinating energy is selected in；According to 1.2 times of required cucurbit grain weight weighings, impurity elimination is gone
Bad, flat son is removed in drift；
The cucurbit seed sampling of the selection carries out germination percentage experiment：It is any to take 100 cucurbit seeds, under normal temperature condition
Soak 12-14 hours, taking-up drains the surface of the seed moisture, is put into culture vessel, places into the constant temperature that temperature is set in 29-30 DEG C
Cultivated in case, the total quantity of the batch cucurbit germination after 72 hours, be the germination percentage of the cucurbit seed；
The cucurbit Seeds preprocess is specifically implemented in such a way：
1) hot water treatment of seeds：The cucurbit seed of select is put into 50 DEG C -55 DEG C of water and soaked 15 minutes, kills worm's ovum；
2) Medicament soaked seed：Cucurbit seed is moved into again in 10% trisodium phosphate solution after soaking 15-20 minutes, rushed with clean water
Wash the mucus removal until the surface of the seed；
3) soak at room temperature：Cucurbit seed after Medicament soaked seed is soaked into 10h-14h under normal temperature condition, is taken out and is crumpled, be repeatedly clear
Wash, drain or dry the surface of the seed moisture；
4) dressing seed and drying：Dressed seed when fitting happy with liquid germicide, wherein, with cucurbit seed when liquid germicide fits happy
Volume mass ratio is 5:1ml/kg, then it is placed in seedling cultivation greenhouse and lays on the mobile bedstead of fly net, dry kind of a sublist
Face moisture；
The sowing is specifically implemented in such a way：Cucurbit seed is broadcast using Mechanization sowing equipment or manual type；From
50 hole seedlings nursing plates, using seedling medium, depth of planting 0.8cm-1.0cm, matrix 0.8cm-1.0cm is covered, pours water；Adopt
Cucurbit seed sowing is carried out with Mechanization sowing equipment, sowing efficiency will improve 2-3 times；
The vernalization is specifically implemented in such a way：The seedlings nursing plate for having broadcast cucurbit seed is neatly put into successively moveable more
On layer carrying seedling truck frame, large-scale germinating cabinet is pushed into；Germination temperature is 29 DEG C -31 DEG C；Vernalization humidity：Open humidifier continuously work 24
Hour, keep germinating cabinet's air humidity saturation state；Keep dark condition；Sowing cucurbit seed passes through 70h- in germinating cabinet
After 80h vernalization, start stromal surface of germinateing and expose；Seedlings nursing plate is removed into germinating cabinet at once when reaching 60-65% germinations,
Proper alignment is on the bedstead of seedling cultivation greenhouse；
The nursery is specifically implemented in such a way：In seedling cultivation greenhouse after 32h is cultivated, Grafting watermelon nursery stock is used
Cucurbit seed complete germination, natural husking yield is up to more than 95%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510059543.5A CN104718839B (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2015-02-04 | A kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed |
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| CN201510059543.5A CN104718839B (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2015-02-04 | A kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108886908A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-27 | 盐城市新洋农业试验站 | A kind of Grafting watermelon stock cucurbit seed accelerating germination method |
| CN110249851B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2023-12-05 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Seedling box and melon seedling method using seedling box |
| CN113973530B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-09-16 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所(南京市花卉科学研究所) | Method for promoting graft scion shelling of watermelon grafted seedlings |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1715913A (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-01-04 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of method of fast detecting exciton induction plant disease resistance effect |
| CN102665744A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2012-09-12 | 东国制药株式会社 | A composition comprising the extract of prunella vulgaris l. for preventing and treating adhd disease and the use thereof |
| CN103141265A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-06-12 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Pansy-factory-like plug seedling method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 南京地区早熟西瓜工厂化嫁接育苗技术集成;章鸥等;《长江蔬菜》;20110930(第18期);第37页第1栏第5、7-9段，第2栏第1-2段 * |
| 南京市蔬菜工厂化育苗的现状及展望;毛久庚等;《江苏农业科学》;20111231(第1期);第190页第1栏第1段 * |
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