CN104718839A - Germinating and shucking method of gourd seeds for watermelon grafting seedling stock - Google Patents
Germinating and shucking method of gourd seeds for watermelon grafting seedling stock Download PDFInfo
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- CN104718839A CN104718839A CN201510059543.5A CN201510059543A CN104718839A CN 104718839 A CN104718839 A CN 104718839A CN 201510059543 A CN201510059543 A CN 201510059543A CN 104718839 A CN104718839 A CN 104718839A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a germinating and shucking method of gourd seeds for a watermelon grafting seedling stock. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of selecting the gourd seeds, pretreating the gourd seeds, seeding, accelerating germination, and raising seedlings to obtain germinated and shucked gourd shoots. According to the method, the purpose of seed shucking is realized by physical methods such as humiture adjustment in a germinating process of the gourd seeds; the method is economical and environmentally friendly; a shucking rate of the gourd seeds reaches above 95%; the labor cost consumed due to shucking is saved greatly; and the seedling raising cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture gardening professional skill field, be specifically related to a kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed.
Background technology
In current production, Grafted Watermelon nursery generally adopts cucurbit as stock, and this is the result of comprehensive selection for a long time.But cucurbit seed outward appearance is flat, seed coat is hard, by the nursery of existing conventional seedbed system means, its germination nature husking yield is less than 20%; Add that germination cucurbit seedling must shell in 32 hours, otherwise easily cause seedling excessive growth.This carries out shelling work with regard to increasing human input in the inevitable requirement short time, has raised seedling cost, and inevitably causes mechanical damage to part cucurbit seedling cotyledon.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed, by envirment factors such as the temperature in adjustment cucurbit seed germination and humidity, utilize self strength shelling in cucurbit seed germination, its natural husking yield reaches more than 95%.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of Grafting watermelon nursery stock germination hulling method of cucurbit seed, is specially: select cucurbit seed, cucurbit Seeds preprocess, sowing, vernalization, nursery, obtains germinateing the cucurbit seedling after shelling.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Select cucurbit seed specifically to implement in such a way: carry out germination rate test to the cucurbit seed sampling selected, germination rate reach 90% seed and the good seed of germination vigor be selected in; According to 1.2 times of weighings of required cucurbit grain weight, roguing, flat son is removed in drift.
The cucurbit seed sampling selected carries out germination rate test and is specially: get arbitrarily 100 cucurbit seeds, 12-14 hour is soaked under normal temperature condition, taking-up drains the surface of the seed moisture, put into culture vessel, put into the insulating box that temperature is set in 29-30 DEG C again to cultivate, the total quantity of this batch of cucurbit seed sprouting after 72 hours, is the germination rate of this cucurbit seed.
Cucurbit Seeds preprocess is specifically implemented in such a way:
1) hot water treatment of seeds: the water cucurbit seed of select being put into 50 DEG C-55 DEG C soaks 15 minutes, kills worm's ovum;
2) Medicament soaked seed: moved into by cucurbit seed after soaking 15-20 minute in the trisodium phosphate solution of 10% again, rinses until the mucus of the surface of the seed is removed with clean water;
3) soak at room temperature: the cucurbit seed after Medicament soaked seed is soaked 10h-14h under normal temperature condition, takes out rubbing, repeatedly cleans, drain or dry the surface of the seed moisture;
4) dressing seed and airing: dress seed when fitting happy with liquid germicide, wherein, when liquid germicide is fitted happy with the volume mass of cucurbit seed than being 5:1ml/kg, to be then placed in seedling cultivation greenhouse and to lay on the mobile bedstead of fly net, drying the surface of the seed moisture.
Sowing is concrete to be implemented in such a way: adopt Mechanization sowing equipment or manual type to broadcast cucurbit seed; Select 50 hole seedling-cultivating trays, adopt seedling medium, sowing depth is 0.8cm-1.0cm, covers matrix 0.8cm-1.0cm, waters sufficient water; Adopt Mechanization sowing equipment to carry out cucurbit planting seed, sowing efficiency will improve 2-3 doubly.
Vernalization is specifically implemented in such a way: neatly put into successively by the seedling-cultivating tray having broadcast cucurbit seed on moveable multilayer fortune seedling vehicle frame, push large-scale germinating cabinet; Germination temperature is 29 DEG C-31 DEG C; Vernalization humidity: open humidifier continuous operation 24 hours, keeps germinating cabinet's air humidity saturation state; Keep dark condition; Sowing cucurbit seed in germinating cabinet after the vernalization of 70h-80h, start to germinate and expose stromal surface; At once seedling-cultivating tray is shifted out germinating cabinet when reaching 60-65% and germinateing, proper alignment is on the bedstead of seedling cultivation greenhouse.
Vernalization is specifically implemented in such a way: in seedling cultivation greenhouse through 32h cultivate after, the cucurbit seed complete germination of Grafting watermelon nursery stock, natural husking yield reaches more than 95%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the first, the object of the present invention by regulating the physical methods such as the temp. and humidity in cucurbit seed germination to realize seed shelling, economy is environmental protection again.Second, after conventional method cucurbit seed soaks 12 hours, do not put into insulating box vernalization, but the moisture on first dry seed surface, adopt mechanical planting in conjunction with the modernization seedling raising manners of large-scale germinating cabinet vernalization again, every useful seed all can utilize, and saves sowing quantity, and can improve sowing efficiency greatly.3rd, owing to the invention enables cucurbit seed husking yield to reach more than 95%, greatly save the labour's expense consumed because of shelling, reduce seedling cost.4th, reduce because of the risk damaged cucurbit seedling cotyledon that manually shells, alleviate the probability that disease occurs.5th, the inventive method, compared with same period conventional seedbed system method, can shorten 84 hours from seed soaking to the time that cucurbit seedling cotyledon is open and flat, save the stock seedling time, Grafted Watermelon finished product seedling age about 3.5 days can be shortened, reduce seedling cost from another angle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of germination hulling method of Grafting watermelon nursery stock cucurbit seed, specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, cucurbit seed are selected, and carry out germination rate test to the cucurbit seed sampling selected, germination rate reach 90% seed and the good seed of germination vigor can be selected in; According to 1.2 times of weighings of required cucurbit grain weight, roguing, flat son is removed in drift; Wherein, Seed germination is: get arbitrarily 100 cucurbit seeds, 12-14 hour is soaked under normal temperature condition, taking-up drains the surface of the seed moisture, put into culture vessel, put into the insulating box that temperature is set in 29-30 DEG C again to cultivate, the total quantity of this batch of cucurbit seed sprouting after 72 hours, is the germination rate of this cucurbit seed;
Step 2, cucurbit Seeds preprocess,
Step 2.1, to hot water treatment of seeds: the water cucurbit seed of select being put into 50 DEG C-55 DEG C soaks 15 minutes, kills worm's ovum;
Step 2.2, Medicament soaked seed: moved into by cucurbit seed after soaking 15-20 minute in the trisodium phosphate solution of 10% again, rinse until the mucus of the surface of the seed is removed with clean water;
Step 2.3, soak at room temperature: the cucurbit seed after Medicament soaked seed is soaked 10h-14h under normal temperature condition, take out rubbing, repeatedly clean, drain or dry the surface of the seed moisture;
Step 2.4, dressing seed and airing: the ratio adding the cucurbit seed that 1kg soak at room temperature is crossed according to liquid germicide " time suitable happy " stoste 5ml, fully mix thoroughly, then to be placed in seedling cultivation greenhouse and to lay on the mobile bedstead of fly net, drying the surface of the seed moisture;
Step 3, sowing, adopt Mechanization sowing equipment or manual type to broadcast cucurbit seed; Select 50 hole seedling-cultivating trays, adopt seedling medium, sowing depth is 0.8cm-1.0cm, covers matrix 0.8cm-1.0cm, waters sufficient water; Adopt Mechanization sowing equipment to carry out cucurbit planting seed, sowing efficiency will improve 2-3 doubly;
Step 4, vernalization, neatly put into the seedling-cultivating tray having broadcast cucurbit seed successively on moveable multilayer fortune seedling vehicle frame, push large-scale germinating cabinet; Germination temperature is 29 DEG C-31 DEG C; Vernalization humidity: open humidifier continuous operation 24 hours, keeps germinating cabinet's air humidity saturation state; Keep dark condition; Sowing cucurbit seed in germinating cabinet after the vernalization of 70h-80h, start to germinate and expose stromal surface; At once seedling-cultivating tray is shifted out germinating cabinet when reaching 60-65% and germinateing, proper alignment is on the bedstead of seedling cultivation greenhouse;
Step 5, nursery, in seedling cultivation greenhouse through 32h cultivate after, the basic complete germination of cucurbit seed of Grafting watermelon nursery stock, natural husking yield reaches more than 95%.
Embodiment 1 adopts method of the present invention to shell to cucurbit seed sprouting
Cucurbit seed airing after medicine is mixed in immersion, the cucurbit seed collection of surface moisture will be dried, mechanical automation is adopted to load seedling medium, in seedling medium, add pretreated cucurbit seed and carry out mechanical planting, after planting water mechanically presses close to matrix by seed, cave dish machinery having been broadcast seed moves to another platform, cover the thick seedling medium of 1cm again, manually matrix in the dish of cave is irrigated, rear cave will be broadcast check and regulate and full cry into fortune seedling vehicle frame, fortune seedling vehicle frame is pushed germinating cabinet's vernalization, the seedling that germinates after vernalization in 72 hours shells substantially, 60-65% seed germination can move into seedling cultivation greenhouse and cultivate further.
Comparative example 1 adopts conventional method to shell to cucurbit seed sprouting
First by cucurbit seed presoaking and germinating, artificial seeding is germinateed cucurbit seed, and manually shell the cucurbit shell stayed on the substrate surface, and shelling terminates manually to go cucurbit shell to adhere to.
The practice for embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 illustrates beneficial effect of the present invention:
Table 1 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 cucurbit seed availability contrast list
| Seeding method | Cucurbit sowing quantity (kg) | Number of seedling (strain) | Average every kg seed number of seedling | Seed availability compares (%) |
| Comparative example 1 | 75.5 | 410450 | 5436 | 100％ |
| Embodiment 1 | 98.0 | 557000 | 5684 | 104.6％ |
As shown in Table 1, the cucurbit seed availability of way of the present invention will exceed 4.6% than Normal practice.
Table 2 embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 are respectively educated 100,000 strain cucurbit seedling (cotyledon is open and flat) spended times and are contrasted list
As shown in Table 2, (1) from cucurbit seed-soaking to the time needed for the cotyledon open and flat phase, invention way fewer than Normal practice 84 little time, 3.5 days seedling age time can be saved; (2) the mechanical planting efficiency in invention way is 2.5 times of artificial seeding's efficiency of Normal practice.
Table 3 adopts embodiment 1 and the natural husking yield of the type of seeding cucurbit seed sprouting of comparative example 1 and the recruitment application form that shells
As shown in Table 3, two kinds of ways take unified seed soaking time; Namely way of the present invention shifted out germinating cabinet January 21 and enters seedling cultivation greenhouse, and Normal practice first to urge the seed of bud through manually directly broadcasting on the forcing frame of seedling cultivation greenhouse, just threw off covering cucurbit germinate January 22; Undertaken getting an investigation, often 50 strains by " 5 methods " same position, often kind of way investigates 250 strains at every turn altogether, adds up; Normal practice sows after bud is selected in first vernalization again, and finally investigation finds that germination rate is slightly better than invention way; Often to cultivate 100,000 strain cucurbit seedlings, invention way just can save 390 yuan than the Normal practice labour cost one that only shells: i.e. 4.1 Ren ﹡ 100 yuan/people-0.2 Ren ﹡ 100 yuan/people=390 yuan.
Claims (7)
1. a Grafting watermelon nursery stock germination hulling method for cucurbit seed, is characterized in that, be specially: select cucurbit seed, cucurbit Seeds preprocess, sowing, vernalization, nursery, obtains germinateing the cucurbit seedling after shelling.
2. the Grafting watermelon nursery stock according to claim 1 germination hulling method of cucurbit seed, it is characterized in that, described cucurbit seed of selecting specifically is implemented in such a way: carry out germination rate test to the cucurbit seed sampling selected, germination rate reach 90% seed and the good seed of germination vigor be selected in; According to 1.2 times of weighings of required cucurbit grain weight, roguing, flat son is removed in drift.
3. the Grafting watermelon nursery stock according to claim 2 germination hulling method of cucurbit seed, it is characterized in that, the described cucurbit seed sampling selected carries out germination rate test and is specially: get arbitrarily 100 cucurbit seeds, 12-14 hour is soaked under normal temperature condition, taking-up drains the surface of the seed moisture, puts into culture vessel, then puts into the insulating box that temperature is set in 29-30 DEG C and cultivate, the total quantity of this batch of cucurbit seed sprouting after 72 hours, is the germination rate of this cucurbit seed.
4. the Grafting watermelon nursery stock germination hulling method of cucurbit seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cucurbit Seeds preprocess is specifically implemented in such a way:
1) hot water treatment of seeds: the water cucurbit seed of select being put into 50 DEG C-55 DEG C soaks 15 minutes, kills worm's ovum;
2) Medicament soaked seed: moved into by cucurbit seed after soaking 15-20 minute in the trisodium phosphate solution of 10% again, rinses until the mucus of the surface of the seed is removed with clean water;
3) soak at room temperature: the cucurbit seed after Medicament soaked seed is soaked 10h-14h under normal temperature condition, takes out rubbing, repeatedly cleans, drain or dry the surface of the seed moisture;
4) dressing seed and airing: dress seed when fitting happy with liquid germicide, wherein, when liquid germicide is fitted happy with the volume mass of cucurbit seed than being 5:1ml/kg, to be then placed in seedling cultivation greenhouse and to lay on the mobile bedstead of fly net, drying the surface of the seed moisture.
5. the Grafting watermelon nursery stock germination hulling method of cucurbit seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sowing is specifically implemented in such a way: adopt Mechanization sowing equipment or manual type to broadcast cucurbit seed; Select 50 hole seedling-cultivating trays, adopt seedling medium, sowing depth is 0.8cm-1.0cm, covers matrix 0.8cm-1.0cm, waters sufficient water; Adopt Mechanization sowing equipment to carry out cucurbit planting seed, sowing efficiency will improve 2-3 doubly.
6. the Grafting watermelon nursery stock according to claim 1 germination hulling method of cucurbit seed, it is characterized in that, described vernalization is specifically implemented in such a way: neatly put into successively by the seedling-cultivating tray having broadcast cucurbit seed on moveable multilayer fortune seedling vehicle frame, push large-scale germinating cabinet; Germination temperature is 29 DEG C-31 DEG C; Vernalization humidity: open humidifier continuous operation 24 hours, keeps germinating cabinet's air humidity saturation state; Keep dark condition; Sowing cucurbit seed in germinating cabinet after the vernalization of 70h-80h, start to germinate and expose stromal surface; At once seedling-cultivating tray is shifted out germinating cabinet when reaching 60-65% and germinateing, proper alignment is on the bedstead of seedling cultivation greenhouse.
7. the Grafting watermelon nursery stock according to claim 1 germination hulling method of cucurbit seed, it is characterized in that, described vernalization is specifically implemented in such a way: in seedling cultivation greenhouse through 32h cultivate after, the cucurbit seed complete germination of Grafting watermelon nursery stock, natural husking yield reaches more than 95%.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN108886908A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-27 | 盐城市新洋农业试验站 | A kind of Grafting watermelon stock cucurbit seed accelerating germination method |
| CN110249851A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-20 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of seedling-raising box and the method using seedling-raising box progress muskmelon nursery |
| CN113973530A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-01-28 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所(南京市花卉科学研究所) | Method for promoting graft scion shelling of watermelon grafted seedlings |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108886908A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-27 | 盐城市新洋农业试验站 | A kind of Grafting watermelon stock cucurbit seed accelerating germination method |
| CN110249851A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-20 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of seedling-raising box and the method using seedling-raising box progress muskmelon nursery |
| CN110249851B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2023-12-05 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Seedling box and melon seedling method using seedling box |
| CN113973530A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-01-28 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所(南京市花卉科学研究所) | Method for promoting graft scion shelling of watermelon grafted seedlings |
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