CN104686837B - A kind of man-made feeds of loxostege sticticalis, its preparation method and method for breeding - Google Patents
A kind of man-made feeds of loxostege sticticalis, its preparation method and method for breeding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of man-made feeds of loxostege sticticalis, its preparation method and method for breeding, belong to insect feedstuff technical field.The present invention is based on the natural feed goosefoot leaf powder of loxostege sticticalis, add wheat bran, the auxiliary materials such as analysis for soybean powder, and add cholesterol, inositol, linoleic acid etc., it can meet that loxostege sticticalis completes whole epoch or the nutriment needed for intergenerational development, it is middle only to add a feed and larva is completed a generation.The feeding of the suitable loxostege sticticalis larva of feed of the present invention, larvae development speed, survival rate, moth weight, eclosion rate can be significantly improved, simultaneously there was no significant difference with natural host goosefoot leaf for feeding effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to insect feedstuff and breeding technology, and in particular to the man-made feeds of loxostege sticticalis, its preparation method and adopts
With the method for breeding of the feed.
Background technology
Loxostege sticticalis Loxostege sticticalis L belong to Lepidoptera Lepidoptera, and Crambidae Crambidae is one
Kind of host range extensively has fulminating farming and animal husbandry insect very much, from 1949 so far in northern China farming and pastoral area 3 cycles
Property break out, to locality farming and animal husbandry cause huge economic loss (Luo Lizhi, Huang Shaozhe, Jiang Xingfu, Zhang Lei .2009. China
The big generation feature of loxostege sticticalis in 2008 and genetic analysis plant protection, 35：27-33.).Its larva has cybotaxis, migration
And the features such as binge, highdensity loxostege sticticalis larva usually all eats only surplus plant all in plot during big generation
Polished rod.And its adult has the habit migrated at a distance, low instar larvae has concealed feature, thus the generation of loxostege sticticalis again
Relatively it is difficult to initial stage find, it is hard to guard against.The resistance to the action of a drug of loxostege sticticalis larva is relatively low, and in general medicament can just be carried out well to it
Control, in terms of the domestic preventing and treating center of gravity for loxostege sticticalis is concentrated mainly on prediction, enter the instar larvae of gluttony phase 3 in loxostege sticticalis
Controlled it in the past just can bottom line reduction loss.In agricultural production practical application, loxostege sticticalis can be used as important
Agricultural pests parasite is such as：The prolific host such as parasitic wasp, tachinid.And the low characteristic of its resistance to the action of a drug can be used for
Carry out screening, measure and the resistance mechanism research of agricultural chemicals.And these are required for large batch of, the consistent loxostege sticticalis larva of development.Mesh
Before, loxostege sticticalis is mainly using the raising of the natural feed such as goosefoot leaf, clover, due to that must change by seasonality and repeatedly feed
Limitation, using natural feed it is difficult to expand the raising scale of loxostege sticticalis；And natural feed is not easy to uniformly add and surveyed for raw
Medicament；Therefore, loxostege sticticalis man-made feeds and crucial breeding technology are developed, realizes that the extensive, long-term of test worm, continuously rearing are
Carry out the important content of its integrated control technique research and production application.
The domestic development to loxostege sticticalis larva artificial feed has been carried out largely studying.Wang Yannian in 1984 etc. is published
《Insect artificial diet's handbook》A kind of full man-made feeds of loxostege sticticalis are recorded in book and one kind are meridic diets, two kinds of feeds
Number has all continuously been raised for loxostege sticticalis larva (Wang Yannian insect artificial diet handbook .1984. Shanghai：Shanghai science and technology is published
Society .P297).Wang Yi in 1987 etc. is primary raw material manufacturing artificial word material with grey dish seedling stage leaf powder, feeding effect preferably (Wang Yi,
Zhang Lvhong, Zhang Likun .1987. loxostege sticticalis and 5 kinds of quaker moth Easy manual feed Dongbei Agricultural College journal .18 (02):
179-181).Pan Hong jade in 1991 is raised with artificial diets for cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae to loxostege sticticalis, and has raised two more than generation (Pan
Hong Yu, the development Jilin Auto Industries of a great .1991. artificial diets for cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae,:17-19+93-94.).2012
Wu Jinhua etc. have developed loxostege sticticalis man-made feeds (the Wu Jin China .2012. loxostege sticticalis larva people of the addition leaf factor by experience screening
The research of work feed and its effect assessment Agricultural University of the Inner Mongol, 43).Above-mentioned work solves to a certain extent really grinds
Study carefully to the problem of loxostege sticticalis standard worm sources demand in work, but still the high-volume of test worm, the raising in anniversary, subculture can not be realized.
Existing subject matter has：(1) its method for breeding is complex, larval phase is long, and eclosion rate is relatively low, moth weight is lighter, it is difficult to quilt
It is widely used.(2) antiseptic effect is poor, need to repeatedly change feed, time-consuming, laborious.
The content of the invention
Present invention deficiency existing for above-mentioned field, there is provided one kind formula is simple, the artificial feeding of suitable loxostege sticticalis raising
Material, so as to realize the extensive, long-term of standard worm sources, continuously rearing.
The method that the preparation method of the man-made feeds is provided simultaneously and raises loxostege sticticalis.
A kind of loxostege sticticalis man-made feeds, are made up of following composition and its weight percentage：Goosefoot leaf powder：9%-11%；
Sucrose：2%-5%；Analysis for soybean powder：1%-4%；Dusty yeast：1%-4%；Agar：1%-4%；Casein：1%-4%；Wheat bran：
1%-4%；Vitamin complex liquid：0.7%-0.9%；Cholesterol：0.7%-0.9%；Linoleic acid：0.1%-0.5%；Inositol：
0.1%-0.5%；Ascorbic acid：0.2%-0.4%；Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate：0.2%-0.4%；Sorbic acid：0.2%-
0.4%；Water：70%-78%, each component of the vitamin complex liquid and accounts for the percentage composition of vitamin liquid total amount and is：Folic acid
0.076%；Nicotinic acid 0.31%；Bio 0.06%；Calcium pantothenate 0.31%；Vitamin B1 0.076%；Riboflavin 0.15%；
Vitamin B6 0.076%；Water 98.94%.
It is preferred that：Goosefoot leaf powder：9.5%-9.7%；Sucrose：2.0%-2.8%；Analysis for soybean powder：2.0%-2.3%；Dusty yeast：
2.0%-2.3%；Agar：2.0%-2.3%；Casein：2.0%-2.3%；Wheat bran：2.0%-2.3%；Vitamin is compound
Liquid：0.7%-0.8%；Cholesterol：0.7%-0.8%；Linoleic acid：0.1%-0.2%；Inositol：0.1%-0.2%；Vitamin C
Acid：0.25%-0.35%；Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate：0.25%-0.35%；Sorbic acid：0.25%-0.35%；Water：74%-
76%.
Goosefoot leaf powder：96.80g；Sucrose：26.81g；Analysis for soybean powder：22.34g；Dusty yeast：22.34g；Agar：22.34g；
Casein：22.34g；Wheat bran：22.34g；Vitamin complex liquid：7.45ml；Cholesterol：0.74g；Linoleic acid：1.49ml；Flesh
Alcohol：1.49g；Ascorbic acid：2.98g；Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate：2.98g；Sorbic acid：2.98g；Water：744.60ml.
The preparation method of above-mentioned loxostege sticticalis man-made feeds, is carried out according to the following steps：
(1) analysis for soybean powder sterilizes 2h at 100 DEG C in drying box；
(2) preparation of goosefoot leaf powder：Fresh goosefoot leaf is cleaned, drying or naturally dry, 90 mesh sieves is then crushed, takes
Sieve inferior lobe powder and load brown bottle sealing, saved backup under low temperature；Analysis for soybean powder, goosefoot leaf powder, sucrose, wheat bran, ferment are weighed in proportion
Female powder and casein are dispensed with kraft paper bag, are bandaged standby after 120 DEG C of damp and hot high-temperature sterilizations；
(3) measure distilled water in proportion and pour into pot, add agar boil, be during which stirred continuously wait to be completely dissolved endure to
In honey shape it is sticky after, be transferred in agitator；
(4) open stirrer source to be stirred using low or first gear 300r/s, be sequentially added into sorbic acid, para hydroxybenzene first
Sour formicester, inositol, cholesterol, ascorbic acid, linoleic acid, analysis for soybean powder, sucrose, dusty yeast, casein, wheat bran and goosefoot leaf powder；
(5) mentioned component all adds stir after be eventually adding vitamin complex liquid and agitator be adjusted to top grade
500r/s is stirred 2 minutes；
(6) it after the feed stirs, need to pour into crisper, be stored in after complete cooled and solidified standby in 4 DEG C of refrigerators
With.
It is described to be sequentially added into add a kind of lower composition after a kind of upper composition stirs.
Using above-mentioned man-made feeds high-volume, the anniversary, continuously rearing loxostege sticticalis method, carry out according to the following steps：
(1) newly hatched larvae-prepupa：The can bottom after sterilizing will be put on filter paper, man-made feeds are cut into small pieces and put
On filter paper, newly hatched larvae is positioned on feed block, and bottleneck is covered with fine and closely woven nylon gauze, is placed in insectary and raises
Support, suitably feed during to 3 age of larva, and remove excreta in time, until prepupa, the environmental condition in the insectary is temperature
21 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity 70%-75%, photoperiod L16: D8；
(2) pupate-sprout wings：When starting prepupa to 5 instar larvaes, the sterile native tank equipped with water content 15% is transferred them to
In head bottle, and cover and pupated with nylon gauze by it, can is placed in the insectary in step (1) under same environmental conditions and raised
Support, until adult eclosion；
(3) emergence-spawning：After adult is matched according to a female hero after emergence, insert in plexiglass tent, cover top
Portion is by the use of absorbent cotton infiltration 10%w/v G/W as adult food, and the adherent template that is lining into supplies Adult worms producting eggs in cover, and
And food and spawning paper are changed daily；
(4) ovum-newly hatched larvae：Production there is into loxostege sticticalis ovum template, is placed in can bottle, and lid preservative film and nylon
Gauze moisturizing, it is subsequently placed in the insectary in step (1) under same environmental conditions and develops, until larvae hatch.
Man-made feeds are cut into 4.0cm × 3.0cm × 2.0cm fritters, and feed block is pressed from both sides into 2-3 road junctions at random with tweezers.
The filter paper diameter 7.0cm, front center post the wide adhesive tapes of 6.0cm × 5.0cm, and the man-made feeds block is bonded at
On wide adhesive tape, can volume is 750ml, and being raised in a can has 24 newly hatched larvaes.
Each pair adult after the pairing inserts 245ml plexiglass tent.
Man-made feeds of the present invention are developed on the basis of Wang Yi (1987) and Wu Jinhua (2012) et al. formula
Exploitation.Based on the natural feed goosefoot leaf powder of loxostege sticticalis, the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder are added, and add cholesterol,
Inositol, linoleic acid etc., wheat bran can increase the fluffy degree of feed, be not easy it hardened, be advantageous to loxostege sticticalis larval feeding.Soya bean
Powder contains the nitrogen source that a large amount of protein can provide abundance for the growth of loxostege sticticalis larva.And cholesterol, inositol and linoleic acid etc.
The addition of micro substance can promote the survival rate of loxostege sticticalis larval molting raising loxostege sticticalis larva.Simultaneously to component in formula and
Its content adjusts, and meets that loxostege sticticalis completes whole epoch or the nutriment needed for intergenerational development, and larva is completed
It is one generation, middle only to add a feed.The result of raising shows (see experiment list 1), and feed of the present invention is suitable
The feeding of loxostege sticticalis larva, larvae development speed, survival rate, moth weight, eclosion rate, feeding effect and natural host can be significantly improved
Simultaneously there was no significant difference for goosefoot leaf.Compared with the feeding effect of Wang Yi etc. (1987) and Wu Jinhua (2012) described feed, this hair
The bright Feed Energy dramatically increases the survival rate of larva, moth weight, eclosion rate, and the feed anticorrosion time is grown, and a generation is only
A feed need to be added.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The raw material of the present invention are common nutriment, are easily obtained, based on the goosefoot leaf powder of component can be with
Largely tap to dry in field in the 5-10 months and pulverized and sieved with plant pulverizer, manufacture craft is simple, cost it is relatively low (6 yuan/
Kg), storage is preserved conveniently, the shelf-life is longer (6 months), whole to change from generation to generation because the antiseptic effect of the feed is preferable
Feed, it is both economical, worthwhile.
The strong adaptability of this feed, loxostege sticticalis larva eating, and it is normal to grow, in 21 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity
For 70%-75%, raised under the environmental condition of photoperiod L16: D8, meadow snout moth weight, larvae development go through phase, larvae alive
Compared with the control, there was no significant difference (see experiment list 1), can meet grass for the biological indicators such as rate, eclosion rate, Adult worms producting eggs amount
Ground snout moth's larva whole generation and intergenerational nutritional need.
Using feed formula and method for breeding the raising loxostege sticticalis of the present invention, overcome in the past because of seasonal variations, especially
Winter and early spring natural feed shortage cause loxostege sticticalis can not annual continuously rearing problem, realize the big of standard worm sources
In batches, anniversary, continuously rearing.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiments：
Embodiment 1 (prepares 1000g man-made feeds)
Goosefoot leaf powder：96.80g；Sucrose：26.81g；Analysis for soybean powder：22.34g；Dusty yeast：22.34g；Agar：22.34g；
Casein：22.34g；Wheat bran：22.34g；Vitamin complex liquid：7.45ml；Cholesterol：0.74g；Linoleic acid：1.49ml；Flesh
Alcohol：1.49g；Ascorbic acid：2.98g；Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate：2.98g；Sorbic acid：2.98g；Water：744.60ml.
The formula of attached vitamin complex liquid：
Nicotinic acid：0.031g；Calcium pantothenate：0.031g；Riboflavin：0.0153；Vitamin B1：0.00764g；Vitamin B6：
0.00764g；Folic acid：0.00764g；Bio 0.0061；Water 10g.
The feed formulation method of embodiment 2：
(1) analysis for soybean powder sterilizes 2h at 100 DEG C in drying box；
(2) preparation of goosefoot leaf powder：Fresh goosefoot leaf is cleaned, 60 DEG C of drying or naturally dry, then crushed 90 mesh
Sieve, take sieve inferior lobe powder to load brown bottle sealing, saved backup under low temperature.Analysis for soybean powder, goosefoot leaf powder, sucrose, wheat are weighed in proportion
Bran, dusty yeast and casein etc. are dispensed with kraft paper bag, are bandaged standby after 120 DEG C of damp and hot high-temperature sterilization 1h；
(3) measure distilled water in proportion and pour into pot, add agar boil, be during which stirred continuously wait to be completely dissolved endure to
In honey shape it is sticky after, be transferred in agitator.
(4) open stirrer source to be stirred using low or first gear (about 300r/s), be sequentially added into sorbic acid, to hydroxyl
Benzoic acid formicester, inositol, cholesterol, ascorbic acid, linoleic acid, analysis for soybean powder, sucrose, dusty yeast, casein, wheat bran and goosefoot leaf
Need to add a kind of lower composition after a kind of upper composition stirs during powder.All the components all add stir after finally plus
Enter vitamin complex liquid and agitator be adjusted into high-grade (about 500r/s) to stir 2 minutes.
(5) it after the feed stirs, need to pour into crisper, be stored in after complete cooled and solidified standby in 4 DEG C of refrigerators
With.Extensive, long-term, the continuously rearing method of the loxostege sticticalis of embodiment 3：
Pay attention in feeding process：Must strictly keep in insectary clean and tidy clean, various breeding facilities and instrument need and
When sterilization, accomplish sterile working, prevent the propagation and sprawling of insect pathogenic bacteria.
Specifically carry out according to the following steps：
(1) newly hatched larvae-prepupa：Front center is posted into the wide adhesive tape diameter 7.0cm filter papers of 6.0cm × 5.0cm to be put into
750ml cans bottom after sterilization, man-made feeds are cut into 4.0cm × 3.0cm × 2.0cm fritters, with tweezers at random by feed
Block folder 2-3 road junctions, by feed pinch off and not be positioned on wide adhesive tape, 24 newly hatched larvaes are positioned on feed block, are used in combination
Fine and closely woven nylon gauze covers bottleneck, is placed in insectary and raises, and suitably feeds during to 3 age of larva, if period feed mold
Feed need to be changed, and removes excreta in time, until prepupa.Environmental condition in the insectary is 21 ± 1 DEG C of temperature, relatively
Humidity is 70%-75%, photoperiod L16: D8；
(2) pupate-sprout wings：When starting prepupa to 5 instar larvaes, transfer them to equipped with the nothing of 5cm high-moistures 15% or so
In the 750ml cans of bacterium soil, and cover and pupated with nylon gauze by it.Can is placed in same environmental conditions in step (1)
Under insectary in raise, until adult eclosion；
(3) emergence-spawning：Sprout wings after adult is matched according to the ♂ of 1 ♀ 1, insert 245ml (5 × 12.5cm) organic glass
In glass cover, 10% (w/v) G/W is infiltrated at the top of cover by the use of absorbent cotton as adult food, it is adherent in cover to be lining into sulfuric acid
Paper supplies Adult worms producting eggs, and changes food and spawning paper daily；
(4) ovum-newly hatched larvae：Production there is into a loxostege sticticalis ovum template, in 750ml can bottles, and lid preservative film and nylon
Gauze moisturizing, it is subsequently placed in the insectary in step (1) under same environmental conditions and develops, until larvae hatch.
(5) after larvae hatch, continue, by above-mentioned steps (1), (2), (3), (4) circulate operation continuously rearing, constantly to provide
Required worm sources, until raising terminates.
Embodiment 2：The Piglet s colibacillosis of man-made feeds and natural feed goosefoot leaf
Test material and method：
Selected insect source：Worm sources from Hebei Kangbao County (41.87 ° of N of north latitude, 114.6 ° of E of east longitude) field collection overwinter generation into
Worm, the loxostege sticticalis ovum in 5 generations is raised through indoors artificial feed.
For trying feed：
Natural feed goosefoot leaf：It is derived from the grey dish planted in Plant Protection institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultral Sciences's sample plot
Man-made feeds：Using feed described in embodiment 1
Test method：Test worm method for breeding often handles 3 repetitions, often repeated for examination larva with reference to the methods described of embodiment 1
30, the development duration of larva is recorded in feeding process, survival rate, moth weight, eclosion rate, egg laying amount, preoviposition period, spawning are gone through
The indexs such as phase.This experiment and in May, -2014 in October, 2013 are complete in Plant Protection institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultral Sciences laboratory
Into.
Data statistics：
Analysis of experimental data uses the SPSS softwares of SPSS Inc companies of the U.S., and (version is SPSS 16.0for
Windows), analysis method is test for T.Data represent that P ＜ 0.05 are recognized with average value ± standard error (Mean ± SE) in text
For significant difference.
Result of the test
Specific experiment test data is shown in Table 1.Loxostege sticticalis is raised with the feed, and the average female moth of loxostege sticticalis weighs 28.63 ㎎, hero
Moth weighs 25.98 ㎎, is significantly higher than the corresponding loxostege sticticalis male and female moth of goosefoot leaf raising.The feed breeding grub average viability is
93.20%, eclosion rate 90.2%, average single female spawning 223.11.The loxostege sticticalis larvae development of feed raising goes through phase, children
The indexs such as worm survival rate, preoviposition period, oviposition duration, egg laying amount, number of copulations, female moth life-span, male moth life-span and goosefoot leaf are raised
Foster has no significant difference.The incubation rate laid eggs after feed raising loxostege sticticalis is significantly higher than goosefoot leaf raising, it is seen that should
Feed is suitable with the feeding effect of natural feed.And the antiseptic effect of the feed is preferable, complete a generation, it is middle only to add
Feed, and the making of feed is not limited by season, extensive, anniversary, continuously rearing loxostege sticticalis standard worm sources are reached
Purpose.
Table 1 manually feed and natural feed raising loxostege sticticalis Contrast on effect
Note：* represent natural feed goosefoot leaf and man-made feeds raising loxostege sticticalis corresponding index exists under the level of α=0.05
Significant difference.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of loxostege sticticalis man-made feeds, are made up of following ingredients：
Goosefoot leaf powder：96.80g；Sucrose：26.81g；Analysis for soybean powder：22.34g；Dusty yeast：22.34g；Agar：22.34g；Cheese
Element：22.34g；Wheat bran：22.34g；Vitamin complex liquid：7.45ml；Cholesterol：0.74g；Linoleic acid：1.49ml；Inositol：
1.49g；Ascorbic acid：2.98g；Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate：2.98g；Sorbic acid：2.98g；Water：744.60ml；The dimension life
The each component and weight content of plain complex liquid be：Nicotinic acid：0.031g；Calcium pantothenate：0.031g；Riboflavin：0.0153g；Vitamin
B1：0.00764g；Vitamin B6：0.00764g；Folic acid：0.00764g；Bio 0.0061g；Water 10g.
2. loxostege sticticalis man-made feeds high-volume, anniversary, the method for continuously rearing loxostege sticticalis described in application claim 1, by following
Step is carried out：
1) newly hatched larvae-prepupa：Filter paper is put into the can bottom after sterilization, man-made feeds are cut into small pieces and are placed on filter paper
On piece, newly hatched larvae is positioned on feed block, and bottleneck is covered with fine and closely woven nylon gauze, is placed in insectary and raises, extremely
Larva suitably feeds during 3 age, and removes excreta in time, up to the environmental condition in prepupa, the insectary is temperature 21 ± 1
DEG C, relative humidity 70%-75%, photoperiod L16: D8；
2) pupate-sprout wings：When starting prepupa to 5 instar larvaes, the sterile soil can equipped with water content 15% is transferred them to
In, and cover and pupated with nylon gauze by it, can is placed in the insectary in step 1) under same environmental conditions and raised, until
Adult eclosion；
3) emergence-spawning：After adult is matched according to a female hero after emergence, insert in plexiglass tent, with de- at the top of cover
Fat cotton infiltration 10%w/v G/W is as adult food, and the adherent template that is lining into supplies Adult worms producting eggs in cover, and daily
Change food and spawning paper；
4) ovum-newly hatched larvae：Production there is into loxostege sticticalis ovum template, is placed in can bottle, and lid preservative film and nylon gauze are protected
It is wet, it is subsequently placed in the insectary in step 1) under same environmental conditions and develops, until larvae hatch.
3. according to the method for claim 2, the man-made feeds are cut into 4.0cm × 3.0cm × 2.0cm fritters, use tweezers
Feed block is pressed from both sides into 2-3 road junctions at random.
4. according to the method for claim 3, the filter paper diameter 7.0cm, it is wide that front center posts 6.0cm × 5.0cm
Adhesive tape, the man-made feeds block are bonded on wide adhesive tape, and can volume is 750ml, raises in a can and is incubated at the beginning of having 24
Larva.
5. according to the method for claim 2, each pair adult after the pairing inserts 245ml plexiglass tent.
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