CN104648093A - 制造车窗组件的方法及车窗组件 - Google Patents

制造车窗组件的方法及车窗组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104648093A
CN104648093A CN201310594320.XA CN201310594320A CN104648093A CN 104648093 A CN104648093 A CN 104648093A CN 201310594320 A CN201310594320 A CN 201310594320A CN 104648093 A CN104648093 A CN 104648093A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
elastic body
vehicle
bound edge
window assembly
plastic layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201310594320.XA
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English (en)
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CN104648093B (zh
Inventor
周骏
胡剑虹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CN201310594320.XA priority Critical patent/CN104648093B/zh
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to MX2016006391A priority patent/MX2016006391A/es
Priority to BR112016010276-2A priority patent/BR112016010276B1/pt
Priority to CA2928789A priority patent/CA2928789C/en
Priority to EA201690961A priority patent/EA031147B1/ru
Priority to PCT/CN2014/091760 priority patent/WO2015074581A1/en
Priority to JP2016531999A priority patent/JP6174804B2/ja
Priority to EP14864036.0A priority patent/EP3071388A4/en
Priority to KR1020167014746A priority patent/KR101923790B1/ko
Priority to US15/036,158 priority patent/US9902247B2/en
Publication of CN104648093A publication Critical patent/CN104648093A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN104648093B publication Critical patent/CN104648093B/zh
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/0025—Preventing defects on the moulded article, e.g. weld lines, shrinkage marks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
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    • B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种制造车窗组件的方法及车窗组件，其中制造车窗组件的方法包括：提供车窗基底和弹性体；将所述弹性体粘贴在所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上；注塑形成包边，所述包边包围所述弹性体，其中，注塑温度低于所述弹性体的熔点。本发明提供的制造车窗组件的方法及车窗组件表面无缩痕。

Description

制造车窗组件的方法及车窗组件
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃包边技术领域，尤其涉及一种制造车窗组件的方法及车窗组件。
背景技术
随着汽车技术的快速发展，汽车玻璃的封装产品也变得越来越多样化和复杂化。汽车玻璃的周边一般会采用注塑成型工艺形成包边，增加汽车玻璃的密封性、降噪性和安全性。
公开号为CN102180081A的中国专利申请中公开一种汽车后三角窗总成。参考图1，示出了所述中国专利申请中汽车后三角窗总成的示意图。所述汽车后三角窗总成包括：玻璃11，形成于所述玻璃11周边的玻璃包边12。所述玻璃包边12包括涂胶面121、唇边122及容胶槽123。所述容胶槽123形成于所述涂胶面121，用于涂覆玻璃胶，所述容胶槽123可以阻挡玻璃胶的横向流动，从而防止发生漏胶现象。所述唇边122呈片状，可以压缩变形。所述玻璃包边12通过注塑工艺成形。
注塑工艺包括：先将原料进行塑化形成溶液，之后将所述溶液注入至模具型腔中，所述溶液在模具型腔中冷却固化，以形成与所述模具型腔形状相匹配的注塑件。
然而现有技术的注塑工艺形成玻璃包边时，溶液在模具型腔中由于冷却而产生收缩，在玻璃包边表面出现缩痕现象，这使注塑形成的玻璃包边的尺寸小于设计规格，从而使玻璃包边与汽车车窗的其他配件不能实现良好地匹配，并且形成在玻璃包边表面的缩痕也影响汽车外观的美观。
发明内容
因此，需要一种制造车窗组件的方法，在注塑形成包边时减少或者消除缩痕。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种制造车窗组件的方法，包括：提供车窗基底和弹性体；将所述弹性体粘贴在所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上；注塑形成包边，所述包边包围所述弹性体，其中，注塑温度低于所述弹性体的熔点。
一个基本思想是，采用将弹性体粘贴在车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上；并将所述侧边连同所述弹性体放置在模具型腔内；注塑形成包边。所述弹性体能够降低注塑的厚度，降低注塑溶液内部和注塑溶液外表的温差，此外，设置于车窗包边内部的弹性体能够起到应力舒缓作用，在注塑溶液内部和注塑溶液外表收缩比不一致时，舒缓冷却成型的注塑溶液外表面的收缩，缓解或消除汽车包边的缩痕现象。
在一个例子中，所述弹性体是多孔的。所述弹性体是多孔的，能够有效的起到支撑塑化溶液塑化，且多孔的弹性体弹性佳，能够有效地抵消温度差导致的塑化溶液收缩比不同所引起的应力。
在一个例子中，所述弹性体的厚度与所述包边的厚度之比小于或等于20%。上述参数设置能够进一步改善塑化溶液内部和外部的塑化冷却速度差异，且能够在汽车包边的厚度不一的情况下，改善塑化溶液不同区域的收缩比，避免缩痕现象的发生。
在一个例子中，所述弹性体与所述车窗基底的外侧边缘之间的最小直线距离大于或等于4mm，以实现包边120对弹性体110以及车窗基底100的良好包覆。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种车窗组件，包括：车窗基底；粘贴在所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上的弹性体；位于所述侧边的包边，所述包边包围所述弹性体。
一个基本思想是，所述弹性体能够抑制车窗组件内部的应力并起到良好支撑作用。
在一个例子中，所述弹性体是多孔的。多孔的弹性体能够减轻形成车窗组件的重量，提供较强的支撑作用，并且多孔的弹性体应力抑制效果佳。
在一个例子中，所述包边包括：硬质塑料层，包围所述弹性体；软质塑料层，覆盖在至少部分所述硬质塑料层上。本实施例的包边结构在制造过程中收缩比差异小，结合弹性体的应力抑制，进一步避免缩痕现象的出现。
附图说明
图1是一种现有技术汽车后三角窗总成的示意图；
图2为本发明一实施例的制造车窗组件的方法的流程示意图；
图3至图5为本发明一实施例的制造车窗组件的过程示意图；
图6为本发明一实施例的制造车窗组件的注塑形成包边后沿图5中的AA线的剖面示意图；
图7为本发明另一实施例的制造车窗组件的注塑形成包边的过程示意图；
图8为本发明一实施例的车窗组件的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
采用注塑工艺形成的汽车包边容易出现缩痕现象，影响汽车外观的美观且使，注塑形成的玻璃包边的尺寸小于设计规格，从而使玻璃包边与汽车车窗的其他配件不能实现良好地匹配。
对现有注塑的工艺过程和机理进行深入分析，发现汽车包边表面出现的缩痕现象的产生的原因为：某些汽车包边产品注塑厚度大，注塑溶液在模具型腔冷却时，溶液外表温度低，冷却较快，而溶液内部的温度高，冷却较慢，在此情形下，注塑溶液外表冷却成型时，内部尚未成型；在内部的注塑溶液冷却成型时，注塑溶液体积收缩且产生应力，导致已经冷却成型的汽车包边外表面产生凹痕和缩痕现象；在另外一些汽车包边产品中，由于汽车包边的厚度不一，例如阶梯状汽车包边，在此类产品中，由于注塑厚度不一样，导致汽车包边的不同位置收缩比不一样，因此，在厚度不同的连接处也易出现缩痕现象。
基于上述分析，本发明的实施例采用将弹性体粘贴在车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上；并将所述侧边连同所述弹性体放置在模具型腔内；注塑形成包边。所述弹性体能够降低注塑的厚度，降低注塑溶液内部和注塑溶液外表的温差，此外，设置于车窗包边内部的弹性体能够起到应力舒缓作用，在注塑溶液内部和注塑溶液外表收缩比不一致时，舒缓冷却成型的注塑溶液外表面的收缩，缓解和消除汽车包边的缩痕现象。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例做详细的说明。
图2为本发明一实施例的制造车窗组件的方法的流程示意图，包括如下步骤：
步骤S101，提供车窗基底和弹性体。
本发明中不限制车窗基底的具体形状和尺寸。所述车窗基底的材料为有机玻璃、聚氯乙烯或无机玻璃等透明材料。本领域的技术人员可以根据实际制造的车窗组件的需要，选择合适的车窗基底的形状和尺寸，在此特意说明，不应限制本发明的保护范围。
所述弹性体材料为磷酸三苯酯、硫化橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶或聚氨酯；所述弹性体是多孔的，能够有效的起到支撑塑化溶液塑化，且多孔的弹性体弹性佳，能够有效地抵消温度差导致的塑化溶液收缩比不同所引起的应力。
在本实施例中，请参考图3，以所述车窗基体100为三角形为例，做示范性说明，需要说明的是，在其他实施例中，所述车窗基体可以为梯形、菱形、四方形等。
所述弹性体的形状根据车窗基底的形状和尺寸而定，作为一实施例，请参考图4，所述弹性体110的形状可以为与所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面对应的条状，从而能够较简便地粘贴于所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上，为后续塑化溶液塑化起到支撑作用。
步骤S102，将所述弹性体粘贴在所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上；
请参考图5，所述弹性体110通过丙烯酸压敏胶或有机硅压敏胶粘贴在所述车窗基底100的表面上。
采用粘贴方式具有固定简便、返工费用低的优点。
为了减缓塑化时车窗组件缩痕现象，所述弹性体110安装的位置设置于所述车窗基底100的靠近侧边的表面上，上述设置使得后续塑化冷却时，塑化溶液不但内部和外部的塑化冷却速度趋向一致，且车窗组件100不同位置的塑化温度也趋向一致，使得车窗组件的塑化收缩比整体均一性佳，避免了发生严重的缩痕现象。
步骤S103，注塑形成包边，所述包边包围所述弹性体，其中，注塑温度低于所述弹性体的熔点。
对粘贴有所述弹性体的所述侧边进行注塑形成包边在一个实施例中，采用将粘贴有所述弹性体的所述侧边放置在模具的型腔内，然后采用注塑工艺形成包边，所述包边包围所述弹性体；其中所述模的型腔与待形成的汽车玻璃包边相匹配。
需要说明的是，所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上固定有所述弹性体，所述弹性体能够在注塑冷却形成包边时，在包边包围所述弹性体的情况下，舒缓注塑溶液内部和外部冷却速度不一致产生的应力作用；另外，所述弹性体能够降低注塑的厚度，降低注塑溶液内部和注塑溶液外表的温差，结合弹性体的应力舒缓作用，进一步舒缓冷却成型的注塑溶液外表面的收缩，从而起到缓解和消除汽车包边的缩痕现象。
请参考图6，图6为注塑形成包边后沿图5中的AA线的剖面示意图，从图6中可以发现，粘贴有所述弹性体110的所述车窗基体100的侧边形成有包边120。
更佳地，所述弹性体是多孔的，多孔的弹性体能够在塑化过程中有效的起到支撑作用，且多孔的弹性体弹性佳，能够有效地抵消温度差导致的塑化溶液收缩比不同所引起的应力。
所述注塑形成包边的具体步骤包括：形成塑化溶液；将所述塑化溶液通入至模具的型腔内，冷却成型。
需要指出的是，注塑的温度需要低于所述弹性体的熔点，使得注塑过程中弹性体能够始终保持降低应力作用。
为了实现包边120对弹性体110以及车窗基底100的良好包覆，在一个实施例中，所述弹性体110的厚度d1与所述包边120的厚度d2之比小于或等于20%（请参考图6），其中，所述弹性体110厚度d1为所述弹性体顶表面与底表面的距离；所述包边120的厚度d2为所述包边的顶部平面与底部表面的距离；作为一实施例，形成所述包边120顶部具有一平面，底部具有一平面，所述包边120的厚度d2为顶部平面与底部表面的距离；在另一实施例中，形成所述包边120顶部（或底部）为弧面，底部（或顶部）为一平面，所述包边120的厚度d2为顶部（或底部）弧面的切线与底部（或顶部）表面的距离；在另一实施例中，形成所述包边120顶部和底部均为弧面，所述包边120的厚度d2为顶部弧面的切线与底部弧面切线的距离；所述弹性体110与所述车窗基底100的外侧边缘之间的最小直线距离s大于或等于4mm（请参考图5）。
在另一实施例中，请参考图7，所述注塑形成包边包括如下步骤：
步骤S201，注塑形成硬质塑料层；
对粘贴有所述弹性体的所述侧边进行注塑形成硬质塑料层，所述硬质塑料层的材料可以为聚丙烯、聚酰胺、聚乙烯或尼龙66，从而使得硬质塑料层的强度比较大，可以更好地保护透明基底不受外界的损害，且可以防止雨水和空气的透过。
所述硬质塑料层的厚度范围可以包括：1mm～8mm，如：1mm、4mm或8mm等，其可以根据需求的不同而变化。
步骤S202，在至少部分所述硬质塑料层上注塑形成软质塑料层。
所述软质塑料层的材料可以为热塑性弹性体或聚氯乙烯，从而可以更好地实现与车辆的装配。
所述软质塑料层的厚度范围可以包括：0.4mm～7mm，如：0.4mm、1mm、3.5mm或7mm等。
所述软质塑料层可以根据实际产品需求，在部分的所述硬质塑料层上注塑成型。
在其他实施例中，所述软质塑料层可以覆盖在所述硬质塑料层上。
在本实施例中，先形成硬质塑料层，后续在硬质塑料层上形成软质塑料层，在形成硬质塑料层的步骤中，可以灵活选择硬质塑料层的厚度，结合弹性体的缓解应力作用和硬质塑料层冷却速度较快的优点，使得硬质塑料层不同位置冷却速度同步，首先避免了在硬质塑料层上出现缩痕且硬质塑料层的表面均一性和光滑性较佳，后续在形成质量佳的硬质塑料层上形成软质塑料层，软质塑料层本身具有应力缓解作用，而之前固定侧边的弹性体也具有应力缓解作用，使得软质塑料层的冷却受内部应力影响较小，表面不会出现缩痕。
本发明还提供一车窗组件，请参考图6，包括：
车窗基底100；
粘贴在所述车窗基底100的靠近侧边的表面上的弹性体110；
位于所述侧边的包边120，所述包边120包围所述弹性体110。
具体地，本发明中不限制车窗基底100的具体形状和尺寸。所述车窗基底100的材料为有机玻璃、聚氯乙烯或无机玻璃等透明材料。本领域的技术人员可以根据实际制造的车窗组件的需要，选择合适的车窗基底的形状和尺寸，在此特意说明，不应限制本发明的保护范围。
所述弹性体110材料为磷酸三苯酯、硫化橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶或聚氨酯；所述弹性体是多孔的，能够有效的起到支撑塑化溶液塑化，且多孔的弹性体弹性佳，能够有效地抵消温度差导致的塑化溶液收缩比不同所引起的应力。
为了实现包边120对弹性体110以及车窗基底100的良好包覆，在一个实施例中，所述弹性体110的厚度与所述包边120的厚度之比小于或等于20%，所述弹性体110与所述车窗基底100的外侧边缘之间的最小直线距离大于或等于4mm。
所述弹性体110通过丙烯酸压敏胶或有机硅压敏胶粘贴在所述车窗基底100的表面上。
在另一实施例中，请参考图8，包括：
车窗基底200；
粘贴在所述车窗基底200的靠近侧边的表面上的弹性体210；
位于所述侧边的包边220，所述包边220包围所述弹性体210；
所述包边220包括：硬质塑料层221，包围所述弹性体210；
软质塑料层222，覆盖在至少部分所述硬质塑料层221上。
在本实施例中，先形成硬质塑料层221，后续在硬质塑料层221上形成软质塑料层222，在形成硬质塑料层221的步骤中，可以灵活选择硬质塑料层221的厚度，结合弹性体210的缓解应力作用和硬质塑料层221冷却速度较快的优点，使得硬质塑料层221不同位置冷却速度同步，首先避免了在硬质塑料层221上出现缩痕且硬质塑料层221的表面均一性和光滑性较佳，后续在形成质量佳的硬质塑料层221上形成软质塑料层222，软质塑料层本身具有应力缓解作用，而之前固定于侧边的弹性体也具有应力缓解作用，使得软质塑料层的冷却受内部应力影响较小，表面不会出现缩痕。
在本实施例中，所述软质塑料层222可以覆盖在所述硬质塑料层221上。
在其他实施例中，所述软质塑料层222可以根据实际产品需求，在部分的所述硬质塑料层221上注塑成型。
虽然本发明披露如上，但本发明并非限定于此。任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与修改，因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。

Claims (16)

1.一种制造车窗组件的方法，其特征在于，包括：
提供车窗基底和弹性体；
将所述弹性体粘贴在所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上；
注塑形成包边，所述包边包围所述弹性体，其中，注塑温度低于所述弹性体的熔点。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弹性体是多孔的。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弹性体的材料包括：磷酸三苯酯、硫化橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶或聚氨酯。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弹性体的厚度与所述包边的厚度之比小于或等于20%。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弹性体与所述车窗基底的外侧边缘之间的最小直线距离大于或等于4mm。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述注塑形成包边包括：
注塑形成硬质塑料层；
在至少部分所述硬质塑料层上注塑形成软质塑料层。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弹性体通过丙烯酸压敏胶或有机硅压敏胶粘贴在所述车窗基底的表面上。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车窗基底的材料为有机玻璃、聚氯乙烯或无机玻璃。
9.一种车窗组件，其特征在于，包括：
车窗基底；
粘贴在所述车窗基底的靠近侧边的表面上的弹性体；
位于所述侧边的包边，所述包边包围所述弹性体。
10.如权利要求9所述的车窗组件，其特征在于，所述弹性体是多孔的。
11.如权利要求9所述的车窗组件，其特征在于，所述弹性体的材料包括：磷酸三苯酯、硫化橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶或聚氨酯。
12.如权利要求9所述的车窗组件，其特征在于，所述弹性体的厚度与所述包边的厚度之比小于或等于20%。
13.如权利要求9所述的车窗组件，其特征在于，所述弹性体与所述车窗基底的外侧边缘之间的最小直线距离大于或等于4mm。
14.如权利要求9所述的车窗组件，其特征在于，所述包边包括：
硬质塑料层，包围所述弹性体；
软质塑料层，覆盖在至少部分所述硬质塑料层上。
15.如权利要求9所述的车窗组件，其特征在于，所述弹性体通过丙烯酸压敏胶或有机硅压敏胶粘贴在所述车窗基底的表面上。
16.如权利要求9所述的车窗组件，其特征在于，所述车窗基底的材料为有机玻璃、聚氯乙烯或无机玻璃。
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