CN104604542A - Cultivation method for honeysuckle in cold area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for honeysuckle in a cold area. The cultivation method for the honeysuckle in the cold area is applied to the field of wild plant cultivation and comprises the following steps: in spring grafting, the moisture of stock is increased, the stock can be cut off in a position 8-10 cm distance from the ground, and the stock is grafted with scions of a variety by a cut-grafting process, wherein the survival rate of the cut-grafting process is 95%; in summer grafting, a period in which sap flows strongly, plants sprout and expand leaves and new buds are not full is a good bud-grafting period, a supporting column is inserted into the edge of the stock, and new shoots are bound; in autumn grafting, scions with leaf stalks can be cut for bud-grafting and grafted survival plants also can be directly planted by a semi-seedling-establishment process if the reserved leaf stalks fall off once being touched 7-8 days after grafting; in winter grafting, a rootstock grafting process can be adopted at the moment, that is to say, a rootstock stem at an upper end of a rootstock is cut off, soil around the rootstock is stripped off for grafting, and uncovering of a mulching film is delayed for plants sprouting later. The honeysuckle is strong in stress resistance, also can strongly grow in raw or cold soil, and is suitable for field management and large-area cultivation popularization.

Description

A kind of breeding method cold district honeysuckle

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method cold district honeysuckle in wild plant cultivation field.

Background technology

Honeysuckle be original China with the class plant in the Lonicera japonica Caprifoliaceae Lonicera that is representative, be the famous Chinese herbal medicine with long history.Its taste is sweet cold, has effect that clearing heat and detoxicating, loose wind drives heat.There is the vegetable material totally 18 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine commodity honeysuckle in China.

Honeysuckle is one of China's rare medicinal herbs, has data introduction, has 1/3 will use honeysuckle in modern traditional Chinese medicine prescription.Honeysuckle is used as medicine can antiviral, anti-flu, has clearing heat and detoxicating effect.The health products adopting honeysuckle to develop in recent years, food and drink account for more than 30 percent of honeysuckle consumption, and constantly to the development of antiviral drug R&D direction, to meet the needs not having special efficacy antiviral drug in the world.

Research finds that the physical and chemical composition of honeysuckle has: volatile oil, organic acid, flavonoids, triterpenes, inorganic elements, alcohols.Chlorogenic acid wherein in organic acid is the principle active component of honeysuckle.The medicinal history of chlorogenic acid is long, has antibacterial, antiviral effect, to digestion, hematological system and genital system diseases effective.Nearest research finds, chlorogenic acid and derivative thereof are the wholesomeness inhibitor of bacterium sugar-6-phosphoric acid displacement enzyme in rat liver microsomes, demonstrates it and is treating the good prospect in diabetes.Chlorogenic acid is also the leading indicator of some Chinese medicine preparation quality controls.

Through the qualification of Yao Jian department of Liaoning Province, honeysuckle forest medicinal material that our company plants in new people area and products thereof Content of Chlorogenic Acid and galuteolin cellulose content exceed NF standard; It is blank that this product has filled up domestic northern area, has market prospects widely.

Honeysuckle in Plain, mountain region, hills, river shoal etc. all can plant, its P in soil H value all can grow between 5.0--9.5.Plant 300, plant then and take effect then, certain economic benefit can be reached for every mu, within 3 years, enter the phase of abounding with later, May-mid-October, the flowers are in blossom always to frost season, and mu invests about 3000 yuan, and mu benefit reaches more than 20,000 yuan.

Honeysuckle is not only a kind of famous medicinal plant, has good economic benefit, simultaneously or desirable soil-and-water conservation effect.The honeysuckle life-span is long, and growth is fast, and regeneration capacity is strong, well developed root system, and main root is sturdy, and capillary root is many, and root width is much larger than hat width, drought-resistant, barren, has important ecological benefits in land restoration, ecological protection with in beautifying the environment.

The place of production of current honeysuckle is mainly on China Shandong, Henan, Hebei and other places.The Northeast purchases there is distance, problem costly at main product, also exist costly to main product Di Ban factory, the inconveniences such as unfavorable technical staff's performance level, by contrast, this area weather soil condition is superior, there are wide land resources and regional superiority, have stronger science and technology strength to support and financial support in this area development.Our company plants honeysuckle and breeds strictly by standardized work in production, strictly carries out field management by task instruction specification, and establishment officer trains.Carry out soil test, artificial weeding in process of production, do not use fertilizer and pesticide, guarantee that honeysuckle is green, organic, pure natural is nuisanceless under ecosystem, thus ensure that every quality index is stablized, carry out deep processing for enlarged reproduction and provide safeguard.Also can make full use of honeysuckle flower product deep processing, reduce the wasting of resources, make full use of the circulating development of product resource, driving the industry newborn enterprise carries out the transformation of quality simultaneously.

For a long time, rural area also exists four low problems always, that is: resource utilization is low, and labor productivity is low, and scientific and technological content is low, and overall efficiency is low, is therefore difficult to affluence and gets up, build up rural area well-off society difficulty large.Greatly develop specialty economies, popularizing technology long-term cropping, realizing the efficient industrialization of featured agriculture will promote new countryside construction effectively, select honeysuckle to realize the effective way of this kind of mode of production just as the object promoting agriculture industrialization.Our company builds honeysuckle Breeding base, develops traditional Chinese medicine honeysuckle, meets the requirement that the city realizes the cycle development of featured agriculture industrial high-efficiency, have good social benefit.

At present, colory honeysuckle market presents the situation that supply falls short of demand, and price constantly rises, and add that south and the main place of production, North China are all in mountain area and poverty-stricken area, the exploitation of honeysuckle are restricted.Therefore, build honeysuckle Breeding base, exploitation traditional Chinese medicine honeysuckle, be conducive to realizing expanding villages and small towns industrialized scale, promote agricultural restructuring, transform mode of economic growth, accelerate featured agriculture industry development paces, realize the unification of economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.

My company widelys popularize the policy of developing distinctive agricultural undertakings in governments at all levels under, associating, inside the province about scientific research institution and university, has carried out the investigation of several years, has introduced the honeysuckle kind of latest domestic research and development, the early stage of carrying out honeysuckle breeds experiment, achieves interim achievement.There is abundant confidence in our company to this project of enforcement, and possess skills, capital collection, the multiple advantage such as service, can guarantee that honeysuckle is in the test spread of Liao-Shen area culture technique and industrialization work.Therefore develop a kind of breeding method cold district honeysuckle is the new problem being badly in need of solving always.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of breeding method cold district honeysuckle, this breeding method makes honeysuckle can natural conditions normal growth northeastward, there is strong stress resistance, drought-resistant, dust storm, low flood, the feature such as saline and alkaline, also can vigorous growth in raw and cold soil property, easy to operate, should field management, suit large area to popularize plantation, makes honeysuckle become possibility in cold area popularizing cultivation.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of breeding method cold district honeysuckle, and described is as follows in the breeding method step of cold district honeysuckle,

(1) spring grafting: mid-February, now stock moisture rose to by the end of April, can cut off apart from ground 8-10 centimeters at it, to raise variety scion with the grafting of cut-grafting method, this method survival rate 95%;

(2) summer grafting: from mid-May to early August, now resin flowing is vigorous, plant germination exhibition leaf, bud of newly sprouting is not yet full, it is the good period of bud grafting, can cut at growth branch or the lower end of germination branch and get sleeping bud and do scion, bud grafting is carried out apart from ground 10 cm towards the smooth place of sunny side at stock, within two weeks, rear port position obviously occurs too fat to move, and secrete some colloids, eye of buddering is dark green shape, just show to have taken over a job, after 2-3 days, outwards wipe out anvil in interface top 0.5 centimeters to do, clip is the shape of a hoof, in order to wound healing, when young sprout grows to 6-8 centimetre, support column is inserted at stock welt, tie up young sprout, guiding upward direction grows, if find there is no grafting survival, secondary grafting can be carried out in time,

(3) grafting in autumn: late July, now newborn cataphyllary leaf sheet became then to late September, can cut to get and be with petiolate scion to carry out bud grafting; After grafting seven or eight days, if the petiole retained touches namely to fall, then prove grafting survival, the plant after taking over a job, before the rudiment of Second Year spring, by the end of February to mid-March, anvil can be cut off in interface top 0.5-1 centimeters and do, also can directly plant by half seedling establishment method;

(4) grafting in winter: from early November to next year by the end of January, stock resin stopped flowing, now can adopt rhizome grafting; Namely cut dry for the anvil of rhizome upper end, take rhizome surrounding soil off and carry out grafting, gently moistening fine earth covered after scion grafting around and allow scion expose a little, then covering mulch film, the effect played soil moisture conservation, be incubated and take precautions against drought, in order to surviving the winter, in the next spring, allly surviving scion and can germinate rapidly, so throw off mulch film at mid or late March to early April, but observe, docking Spike sprouting takes off mulch film just morning early, and what germinate evening just takes off mulch film late on time.

Main points of the present invention are the breeding method cold district honeysuckle.Its operation principle is, this breeding method adopts and makes honeysuckle can natural conditions normal growing conditions northeastward, there is strong stress resistance, drought-resistant, dust storm, low flood, the feature such as saline and alkaline, also can vigorous growth in raw and cold soil property, easy to operate, should field management, suit large area to popularize plantation, makes honeysuckle become possibility in cold area popularizing cultivation.

A kind of breeding method cold district honeysuckle compared with prior art, have and make honeysuckle can natural conditions normal growth northeastward, there is strong stress resistance, drought-resistant, dust storm, low flood, the feature such as saline and alkaline, also can vigorous growth in raw and cold soil property, easy to operate, suitable field management, suit large area to popularize plantation, makes honeysuckle become may wait advantage in cold area popularizing cultivation, will be widely used in wild plant cultivation field.

Below in conjunction with embodiment, this present invention is described in detail.

Embodiment:

At a breeding method for cold district honeysuckle, described is as follows in the breeding method step of cold district honeysuckle,

(1) spring grafting: mid-February, now stock moisture rose to by the end of April, can cut off apart from ground 8-10 centimeters at it, to raise variety scion with the grafting of cut-grafting method, this method survival rate 95%.

(2) summer grafting: from mid-May to early August, now resin flowing is vigorous, plant germination exhibition leaf, bud of newly sprouting is not yet full, it is the good period of bud grafting, can cut at growth branch or the lower end of germination branch and get sleeping bud and do scion, bud grafting is carried out apart from ground 10 cm towards the smooth place of sunny side at stock, within two weeks, rear port position obviously occurs too fat to move, and secrete some colloids, eye of buddering is dark green shape, just show to have taken over a job, after 2-3 days, outwards wipe out anvil in interface top 0.5 centimeters to do, clip is the shape of a hoof, in order to wound healing, when young sprout grows to 6-8 centimetre, support column is inserted at stock welt, tie up young sprout, guiding upward direction grows, if find there is no grafting survival, secondary grafting can be carried out in time.

(3) grafting in autumn: late July, now newborn cataphyllary leaf sheet became then to late September, can cut to get and be with petiolate scion to carry out bud grafting.After grafting seven or eight days, if the petiole retained touches namely to fall, then prove grafting survival, the plant after taking over a job, before the rudiment of Second Year spring, by the end of February to mid-March, anvil can be cut off in interface top 0.5-1 centimeters and do, also can directly plant by half seedling establishment method.

(4) grafting in winter: from early November to next year by the end of January, stock resin stopped flowing, now can adopt rhizome grafting.Namely cut dry for the anvil of rhizome upper end, take rhizome surrounding soil off and carry out grafting, gently moistening fine earth covered after scion grafting around and allow scion expose a little, then covering mulch film, the effect played soil moisture conservation, be incubated and take precautions against drought, in order to surviving the winter, in the next spring, allly surviving scion and can germinate rapidly, so throw off mulch film at mid or late March to early April, but observe, docking Spike sprouting takes off mulch film just morning early, and what germinate evening just takes off mulch film late on time.

Survive rear forest branch and can directly move slotting cultivation seedling by brooder in the winter time, after growing to one centimeter of diameter, its kind of shoot survival percent more than 90%.Other cutting in season is 7-8 month in summer is that optimum season survival rate is the highest.

Claims (1)

1. at a breeding method for cold district honeysuckle, it is characterized in that: described is as follows in the breeding method step of cold district honeysuckle,

(1) spring grafting: mid-February, now stock moisture rose to by the end of April, can cut off stock at it apart from ground 8-10 centimeters, to raise variety scion with the grafting of cut-grafting method, this method survival rate 95%;

(2) summer grafting: from mid-May to early August, now resin flowing is vigorous, plant germination exhibition leaf, bud of newly sprouting is not yet full, it is the good period of bud grafting, can cut at growth branch or the lower end of germination branch and get sleeping bud and do scion, bud grafting is carried out apart from ground 10 cm towards the smooth place of sunny side at stock, within two weeks, rear port position obviously occurs too fat to move, and secrete some colloids, eye of buddering is dark green shape, just show to have taken over a job, after 2-3 days, outwards wipe out anvil in interface top 0.5 centimeters to do, clip is the shape of a hoof, in order to wound healing, when young sprout grows to 6-8 centimetre, support column is inserted at stock welt, tie up young sprout, guiding upward direction grows, if find there is no grafting survival, secondary grafting can be carried out in time,

(3) grafting in autumn: late July, now newborn cataphyllary leaf sheet became then to late September, can cut to get and be with petiolate scion to carry out bud grafting; After grafting seven or eight days, if the petiole retained touches namely to fall, then prove grafting survival, the plant after taking over a job, before the rudiment of Second Year spring, by the end of February to mid-March, anvil can be cut off in interface top 0.5-1 centimeters and do, also can directly plant by half seedling establishment method;

(4) grafting in winter: from early November to next year by the end of January, stock resin stopped flowing, now can adopt rhizome grafting; Namely cut dry for the anvil of rhizome upper end, take rhizome surrounding soil off and carry out grafting, gently moistening fine earth covered after scion grafting around and allow scion expose a little, then covering mulch film, the effect played soil moisture conservation, be incubated and take precautions against drought, in order to surviving the winter, in the next spring, allly surviving scion and can germinate rapidly, so throw off mulch film at mid or late March to early April, but observe, docking Spike sprouting takes off mulch film just morning early, and what germinate evening just takes off mulch film late on time.