CN104558498A - 聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 - Google Patents

聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104558498A
CN104558498A CN201510078964.2A CN201510078964A CN104558498A CN 104558498 A CN104558498 A CN 104558498A CN 201510078964 A CN201510078964 A CN 201510078964A CN 104558498 A CN104558498 A CN 104558498A
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李健
陈海良
刘兆阳
蒋东旭
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Shandong Inov Polyurethane Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于聚氨酯弹性体技术领域,具体涉及一种聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法。A组份和B组份混合,浇注入模具中,脱模,常温硫化后,即得。发明综合聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇产品的特点,使产品具有两者的优点,同时采用酯醚逐步聚合的方法使得到酯醚共混聚氨酯弹性体的途径更简单,相比聚酯和聚醚多元醇共聚后再合成弹性体的方法更加便捷节省出生产制造成,同时产品的性能调整余地更宽。

Description

聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于聚氨酯弹性体技术领域,具体涉及一种聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯弹性体是一种主链上含有较多的氨基甲酸酯基团的高分子嵌段聚合物,具有独特的软硬段嵌段共聚物的结构,其具有优良的综合力学性能尤其是耐磨性能。聚氨酯弹性体分为聚酯型和聚醚型两大类,聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体由于分子链上酯键较大的极性从而赋予其更高的力学性能,尤其是裤型撕裂强度远优于聚醚型弹性体,但聚酯型弹性体由于存在酯基而易于水解,相反聚醚型弹性体具有相对优异的耐水解性能。但聚醚和聚酯的极性相差太大难以互溶,无法通过聚醚与聚酯直接混合的方法制备聚氨酯预聚物从而集成两者的优异性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,科学合理、简单易行、降低了成本。
本发明所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,步骤如下:
(1)A组分:以重量百分数计,扩链剂15-30%、聚醚多元醇69.8-84.6%和催化剂0.2-0.4%,在100-110℃,﹣0.095-﹣0.09MPa脱水至水分小于0.05%,得到聚合物组分;
(2)B组分:以重量百分数计,二异氰酸酯23.3-42.9%与聚酯多元醇57.1-76.7%在75-85℃反应2-3小时,得到异氰酸根含量为8.0-12%的预聚物组分;
(3)A组份和B组份按质量比100:98-102混合,浇注入模具中,脱模,常温硫化后,即得。
步骤(1)中所述的扩链剂为3,3ˊ-二氯-4,4ˊ-二氨基二苯基甲烷(MOCA)。
步骤(1)中所述的聚醚多元醇官能度为2或3,数均分子量范围为2000-6000。
步骤(1)中所述的催化剂是有机铋、有机锌或胺类催化剂中的一种或几种。
步骤(2)中所述的二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI),其中甲苯二异氰酸酯包括TDI-80和TDI-100及其混合物。
步骤(2)中所述的聚酯多元醇官能度为2,数均分子量为1000-2000。
步骤(3)中所述的混合温度为50-60℃。
步骤(3)中所述的模具温度为80-90℃。
步骤(3)中所述的脱模时间为15-20分钟。
本发明制得80-98A的聚氨酯弹性体制品。
本发明创新性地通过制备聚酯型预聚体B组分而后与扩链剂和聚醚的混合物组成的A组分混合制备同时含有聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇的聚氨酯弹性体,A组分与B组分混合后具有较好的相容性,从而解决了难以集成聚醚和聚酯两者优异性能的难题。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:
本发明综合聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇产品的特点,使产品具有两者的优点,同时采用酯醚逐步聚合的方法使得到酯醚共混聚氨酯弹性体的途径更简单,相比聚酯和聚醚多元醇共聚后再合成弹性体的方法更加便捷节省出生产制造成本,同时产品的性能调整余地更宽。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例所用材料如下:未作特别说明,各百分数指的是质量百分数。
DL2000数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇
EP-330NG数均分子量4800的聚醚三元醇
EP-3600数均分子量6000的聚醚三元醇
PE2010数均分子量1000,聚己二酸、乙二醇制备
PE2320数均分子量2000,聚己二酸、乙二醇、1,2丙二醇制备
PE2420数均分子量2000,聚己二酸、1,4丁二醇、乙二醇制备
PE2515数均分子量1500,聚己二酸、乙二醇、一缩二乙二醇制备
MDI-1004,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯
MDI-504,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯50%,2,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯50%
TDI-80/TDI-100甲苯二异氰酸酯
MOCA 3,3ˊ-二氯-4,4ˊ-二氨基二苯基甲烷
实施例1
(1)A组份:MOCA 30克,数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇DL200030克,数均分子量6000的聚醚三元醇EP-360040克,异辛酸铋催化剂0.1克,三乙烯二胺催化剂0.1克,在110℃,-0.095MPa以下脱水至水分0.04%得到聚合物组分。
(2)B组份:分子量在1000的聚酯多元醇PE2010100克,T-10056.6克在75℃反应2.5小时,得到异氰酸根含量为12%的预聚物组分。
(3)A组份和B组份按1:1的比例混合均匀迅速浇注入已经预热好的模具中(混合温度为50℃,模具温度为90℃),2分钟固化,15分钟脱模,常温硫化后,得到98A的聚氨酯弹性体制品。性能测试见表1。
实施例2
(1)A组份:MOCA 27克,数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇DL200030克,数均分子量4800的聚醚三元醇EP-330NG 43克,异辛酸铋催化剂0.2克,在110℃,-0.095MPa以下脱水至水分0.04%得到聚合物组分。
(2)B组份:分子量在1500的聚酯多元醇PE2515100克,MDI-5075克在75℃反应2小时,得到异氰酸根含量为11.2%的预聚物组分。
(3)A组份和B组份按1:1的比例混合均匀迅速浇注入已经预热好的模具中(混合温度为50℃,模具温度为90℃),2分钟固化,15分钟脱模,常温硫化后,得到95A的聚氨酯弹性体制品。性能测试见表1。
实施例3
(1)A组份:MOCA 22克,数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇DL200030克,数均分子量4800的聚醚三元醇EP-330NG 48克,异辛酸锌催化剂0.1克,三乙烯二胺催化剂0.2克,在110℃,-0.095MPa以下脱水至水分0.04%得到聚合物组分。
(2)B组份:分子量在2000的聚酯多元醇PE2420100克,T-8036.1克在85℃反应3小时,得到异氰酸根含量为9.7%的预聚物组分。
(3)A组份和B组份按1:1的比例混合均匀迅速浇注入已经预热好的模具中(混合温度为50℃,模具温度为90℃),3分钟固化,20分钟脱模,常温硫化后,得到90A的聚氨酯弹性体制品。性能测试见表1。
实施例4
(1)A组份:MOCA 18克,数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇DL200030克,数均分子量4800的聚醚三元醇EP-330NG 52克,异辛酸铋催化剂0.2克,胺类催化剂0.2克,在100℃,-0.095MPa以下脱水至水分0.04%得到聚合物组分。
(2)B组份:分子量在2000的聚酯多元醇PE2320100克,MDI-100:20克,MDI-5030.6克在85℃反应3小时,得到异氰酸根含量为8.5%的预聚物组分。
(3)A组份和B组份按1:1的比例混合均匀迅速浇注入已经预热好的模具中(混合温度为55℃,模具温度为90℃),3分钟固化,20分钟脱模,常温硫化后,得到85A的聚氨酯弹性体制品。性能测试见表1。
实施例5
(1)A组份:MOCA 15克,数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇DL200030克,数均分子量4800的聚醚三元醇EP-330NG 65克,异辛酸铋催化剂0.4克,在100℃,-0.095MPa以下脱水至水分0.04%得到聚合物组分。
(2)B组份:分子量在2000的聚酯多元醇PE2420100克,T-10030.3克在85℃反应3小时,得到异氰酸根含量为8.0%的预聚物组分。
(3)A组份和B组份按1:1的比例混合均匀迅速浇注入已经预热好的模具中(混合温度为60℃,模具温度为90℃),3分钟固化,20分钟脱模,常温硫化后,得到80A的聚氨酯弹性体制品。性能测试见表1。
对比例1
(1)A组份:MOCA 30克,数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇DL200030克,数均分子量4800的聚醚三元醇EP-330NG 40克,铅类催化剂0.1克,胺类催化剂0.1克,在110℃,-0.095MPa以下脱水至水分0.04%得到聚合物组分。
(2)B组份:数均分子量2000的聚醚二元醇DL2000100克,MDI-5076.6克在75℃反应2小时,得到异氰酸根含量为12%的预聚物组分。
(3)A组份和B组份按1:1的比例混合均匀迅速浇注入已经预热好的模具中(混合温度为50℃,模具温度为90℃),3分钟固化,20分钟脱模,常温硫化后,得到95A的聚氨酯弹性体制品。性能测试见表1。
表1 实施例与对比例性能测试表

Claims (9)

1.一种聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤如下:
(1)A组分:以重量百分数计,扩链剂15-30%、聚醚多元醇69.8-84.6%和催化剂0.2-0.4%,在100-110℃,﹣0.095-﹣0.09MPa脱水至水分小于0.05%,得到聚合物组分;
(2)B组分:以重量百分数计,二异氰酸酯23.3-42.9%与聚酯多元醇57.1-76.7%在75-85℃反应2-3小时,得到异氰酸根含量为8.0-12%的预聚物组分;
(3)A组份和B组份按质量比100:98-102混合,浇注入模具中,脱模,常温硫化后,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中所述的扩链剂为3,3ˊ-二氯-4,4ˊ-二氨基二苯基甲烷。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中所述的聚醚多元醇官能度为2或3,数均分子量范围为2000-6000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中所述的催化剂是有机铋、有机锌或胺类催化剂中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(2)中所述的二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(2)中所述的聚酯多元醇官能度为2,数均分子量为1000-2000。
7.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(3)中所述的混合温度为50-60℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(3)中所述的模具温度为80-90℃。
9.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(3)中所述的脱模时间为15-20分钟。
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CN106632981A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 山东诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 三组分耐低温聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法
CN107722220A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-23 山东诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 用于滤芯器的聚氨酯弹性体组合物、其制备方法及应用
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CN112409568A (zh) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-26 无锡博锦高分子研究发展有限公司 一种风能风机叶片用聚脲弹性体及其制备方法
CN112724363A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 海底电缆灌封用聚氨酯灌封胶及其制备方法
CN113292699A (zh) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-24 广州银旭科技有限公司 常温固化双组份聚氨酯弹性体

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CN106632954A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 山东诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法
CN106632981A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-10 山东诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 三组分耐低温聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法
CN107722220A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-23 山东诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 用于滤芯器的聚氨酯弹性体组合物、其制备方法及应用
CN107722220B (zh) * 2017-10-31 2020-12-01 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 用于滤芯器的聚氨酯弹性体组合物、其制备方法及应用
CN108892764A (zh) * 2018-07-06 2018-11-27 深圳市博原实业有限公司 一种弹性材料以及低噪音电热水壶
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CN109021195A (zh) * 2018-08-07 2018-12-18 山东诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 乒乓球制作用的高性能聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法
CN111777983A (zh) * 2020-06-23 2020-10-16 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 高硬度导热聚氨酯结构胶及其制备方法
CN112409568A (zh) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-26 无锡博锦高分子研究发展有限公司 一种风能风机叶片用聚脲弹性体及其制备方法
CN112724363A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 海底电缆灌封用聚氨酯灌封胶及其制备方法
CN113292699A (zh) * 2021-06-15 2021-08-24 广州银旭科技有限公司 常温固化双组份聚氨酯弹性体

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